CN113959699B - Method for judging rotary state of hob through rotary characteristic of hob - Google Patents
Method for judging rotary state of hob through rotary characteristic of hob Download PDFInfo
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- CN113959699B CN113959699B CN202111220361.3A CN202111220361A CN113959699B CN 113959699 B CN113959699 B CN 113959699B CN 202111220361 A CN202111220361 A CN 202111220361A CN 113959699 B CN113959699 B CN 113959699B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/14—Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations, e.g. Laplace, Hilbert, Karhunen-Loeve, transforms
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention specifically discloses a method for judging the rotation state of a hob through the autorotation characteristic of the hob, which comprises the following steps: s1, mounting a hob and an eddy current sensor on a hob seat, and acquiring a hob periodic autorotation characteristic signal with a characteristic of being not concentric with a hob shaft by using the eddy current sensor; s2, converting the acquired periodic autorotation characteristic signals of the hob into amplitude-frequency characteristic curves by utilizing fast Fourier transformation; s3, judging the real-time rotation state of the hob according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the step S2. According to the invention, the eddy current sensor is used for acquiring the periodic autorotation characteristic signal of the hob with the characteristic of being not concentric with the hob shaft and converting the periodic autorotation characteristic signal into the corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, so that the real-time rotation state of the hob is judged according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, the phenomenon of abnormal abrasion of the hob caused by the occurrence of locked rotation is effectively avoided, and the reliability of tunneling of the shield machine is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel shield tunneling machine equipment, in particular to a method for judging the rotating state of a hob through the autorotation characteristic of the hob.
Background
The disc cutter arranged on the tunnel shield machine is used as a direct rock breaking tool, and various failure modes are easy to occur in a strong impact abrupt load environment for a long time. Typical failure modes of the cutter ring include normal wear, eccentric wear, chord wear, sharpening, fracture, tipping and the like, and although the proportion of the normal wear failure is large, the hob is an expensive and easy-to-wear part, and other abnormal failure modes can bring about small economic loss. The work of checking and replacing caused by the failure of the hob severely restricts the tunneling efficiency and increases the engineering cost.
The detection aspect of the cutter of the shield machine can be divided into two types, namely detection of the cutting rock breaking cutter and detection of the rolling rock breaking cutter. The detection for the cutting tool comprises: the German sea Rake company develops a scraper with a wear detection function, and judges the wear amount of the cutter by comparing the difference value of the extending strokes before and after the wear; measuring the abrasion loss of the cutter by adopting an ultrasonic thickness measuring method; the strain of the cutter saddle is monitored on the sea rake normal pressure cutter head in the Sanyang road tunnel engineering of China, so that the real-time measurement of the cutter cutting force is realized. Meanwhile, a cutter abrasion and temperature sensor is designed based on the principle of resistor series connection and the temperature sensor, and the cutter mud cake judging algorithm with the temperature change rule is provided in engineering practice, and the reliability of the sensor and the algorithm is verified in a Shenzhen subway engineering project.
The hob has a severe working environment, is limited by the installation position, cannot be changed greatly in structure, and restricts the application of the traditional method. Therefore, designing a method for judging the rotation state of the hob through the self-rotation characteristic of the hob becomes an urgent problem to be solved in engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for judging the rotating state of a hob through the autorotation characteristic of the hob, which is used for acquiring the periodic autorotation characteristic signal of the hob through carrying out specific periodic sampling on the hob which is assembled and has the characteristic of being not concentric with a hob shaft, converting the periodic autorotation characteristic signal of the hob into a corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, judging the real-time rotating state of the hob according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, effectively avoiding abnormal abrasion of the hob caused by locked rotation, and guaranteeing the tunneling reliability of a shield tunneling machine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for judging the rotation state of a hob through the autorotation characteristic of the hob, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a hob and an eddy current sensor on a hob seat, and then acquiring a hob periodic autorotation characteristic signal with a characteristic of being not concentric with a hob shaft by using the eddy current sensor;
s2, converting the acquired periodic self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob into corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curves by utilizing fast Fourier transformation;
s3, judging the real-time rotation state of the hob according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the step S2.
Preferably, the characteristic that the hob has a non-concentric characteristic with the hob shaft in the step S1 means that the hob body, the hob ring, the bearing and the hob shaft are not concentric after being assembled.
Preferably, in step S2, the eddy current sensor samples through a preset period to obtain a change of a distance between the edge of the hob and the end face of the eddy current sensor, so as to obtain a periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob.
Preferably, the preset period sampling refers to sampling taking one turn of the hob as a specific period.
Preferably, the hob is one of a 17 inch, 18 inch, 19 inch, 20 inch, 21 inch and 22 inch hob.
Compared with the prior art, the hob and the electric vortex sensor are firstly arranged on the hob base, and the electric vortex sensor can be used for acquiring periodic autorotation characteristic signals of the hob and converting the periodic autorotation characteristic signals into corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curves due to the fact that the hob and the electric vortex sensor are not concentric with the hob shaft, finally, the real-time rotation state of the hob can be accurately judged according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves, the phenomenon that abnormal abrasion is caused by the occurrence of blocked rotation of the hob is effectively avoided, and the tunneling reliability of the shield tunneling machine is guaranteed.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for judging the rotation state of a hob according to the present invention through the rotation characteristics of the hob,
figure 2 is a schematic view of the hob of the present invention being non-concentric with respect to the arbor,
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the hob assembly structure in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the knife comprises a knife shaft, a knife ring, a knife body, a bearing, a knife edge, an eddy current sensor, a sensor base and a knife holder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the invention, the periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob refers to a periodic jumping characteristic signal of the hob, which is obtained by using an eddy current sensor when the hob is not concentric relative to the arbor.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a method for judging the rotation state of a hob by the autorotation characteristic of the hob comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a hob and an eddy current sensor on a hob seat, and then acquiring a hob periodic autorotation characteristic signal with a characteristic of being not concentric with a hob shaft by using the eddy current sensor;
s2, converting the acquired periodic self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob into corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curves by utilizing fast Fourier transformation;
s3, judging the real-time rotation state of the hob according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the step S2.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the hob is mounted on the tool holder 8 through the arbor 1, the hob includes a cutter ring 2, a cutter body 3 and a blade 5, the eddy current sensor 6 is fixedly mounted on a sensor base 7 on the tool holder 8, and the blade 5 is disposed opposite to the eddy current sensor 6. For the existing shield machine, the situation that the hob is not concentric relative to the cutter shaft 1 can occur after the hob is installed on a cutter head of the shield machine from the aspects of the self structure of the hob on the shield machine and the processing technology of hob components, namely, the characteristic that the hob is not concentric with the cutter shaft means that the hob body 3, the cutter ring 2 and the bearing 4 are not concentric with the cutter shaft 1 after being assembled with the cutter shaft 1 (the assembly of the hob body 3, the cutter ring 2, the bearing 4 and the cutter shaft 1 belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail herein), therefore, during the passive rotation process of the hob tunneling on the shield machine, the eccentric situation of the cutter ring 2 occurs, namely, the cutter ring 2 is eccentric from the normally installed position to the dotted line b in fig. 2; moreover, because the hob rotates passively when the shield tunneling machine is tunneling, when the hob rotates continuously, the hob assembled on the shield tunneling machine can display periodic self-rotation characteristic signals, and when the hob does not rotate, the displayed periodic self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob can be lost, so that the real-time rotation state of the hob (namely whether the hob rotates) can be judged according to the periodic self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob when the hob is not concentric relative to the hob shaft 1. In this embodiment, in order to more effectively detect the periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob, the situation that the hob is not concentric with respect to the arbor is properly amplified by manual operation, for example: the machining errors of the parts are properly increased in the production and machining process of the parts of the hob so as to enlarge the non-concentricity of the hob parts after assembly, or the assembly errors are manually properly increased in the assembly process so as to enlarge the non-concentricity of the hob relative to the hob shaft.
In this embodiment, the hob is a 19-inch disc hob, and in practical application, the hob may be any hob with other dimensions, such as a 17-inch, 18-inch, 20-inch, 21-inch, 22-inch hob, or any hob with other dimensions. Firstly, properly amplifying the non-concentricity condition of a hob assembled on a shield machine relative to a cutter shaft 1, and acquiring a periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob by using an eddy current sensor; then converting the acquired periodic self-rotation characteristic signals into amplitude values through fast Fourier transformation to obtain corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curves; finally, the real-time rotation state of the hob can be accurately judged according to the obtained amplitude-frequency characteristic curve change rule, the phenomenon of abnormal abrasion of the hob caused by locked rotation can be effectively avoided, and the reliability of tunneling of the shield machine is ensured. In the embodiment, a proper frequency spectrum interval is set, and an interference signal can be effectively filtered through a amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, so that the periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob can be further amplified by converting the self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob into the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve, and the accuracy of judging the real-time rotation state of the hob is effectively ensured.
The eddy current sensor is used for sampling through a preset period to obtain the change of the distance between the hob blade 5 and the end face of the eddy current sensor 6, so as to obtain a periodic self-rotation characteristic signal of the hob; the preset period sampling refers to sampling taking one circle of hob rotation as a specific period.
In this embodiment, when the hob rotates, the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves corresponding to the rotation characteristic signals of each circle of the hob are the same, and when the hob does not rotate, the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves corresponding to the self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob obtained through the eddy current sensor 6 will change, that is, no periodic change rule is presented, so that the periodic self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob can be obtained by taking one circle of hob rotation as a specific period for sampling, and meanwhile, the real-time rotation state of the hob can be accurately judged according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curves corresponding to the self-rotation characteristic signals of the hob, and further, abnormal abrasion of the hob due to blocked rotation can be avoided, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of tunneling of the shield tunneling machine.
The method for judging the rotating state of the hob through the autorotation characteristic of the hob is described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the core concepts of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for judging the rotary state of the hob through the self-rotation characteristic of the hob is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting a hob and an eddy current sensor on a hob seat, and then acquiring a hob periodic autorotation characteristic signal with a characteristic of being not concentric with a hob shaft by using the eddy current sensor;
s2, converting the acquired periodic autorotation characteristic signals of the hob into corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristic curves by utilizing fast Fourier transformation;
s3, judging the rotation state of the hob according to the change rule of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve in the step S2.
2. The method for determining the rotation state of the hob according to the self-rotation feature of the hob according to claim 1, wherein the non-concentric feature of the hob with respect to the hob shaft in the step S1 means that the hob body, the hob ring, the bearing and the hob shaft are assembled to present the non-concentric feature.
3. The method for determining the rotation state of the hob according to the self-rotation feature of the hob according to claim 2, wherein the eddy current sensor in the step S1 obtains the interval change between the hob edge and the end face of the eddy current sensor through the preset periodic sampling, so as to obtain the periodic self-rotation feature signal of the hob.
4. A method for determining a hob rotation state according to claim 3, wherein said preset period sampling means sampling with a hob rotation of one turn as a specific period.
5. The method of determining the rotational status of a hob according to claim 2, wherein said hob is one of a 17 inch, 18 inch, 19 inch, 20 inch, 21 inch and 22 inch hob.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111220361.3A CN113959699B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Method for judging rotary state of hob through rotary characteristic of hob |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111220361.3A CN113959699B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Method for judging rotary state of hob through rotary characteristic of hob |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113959699A CN113959699A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
| CN113959699B true CN113959699B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN202111220361.3A Active CN113959699B (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Method for judging rotary state of hob through rotary characteristic of hob |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010257010A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2010-11-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Machine tool control device |
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| CN110333059A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of shield based on abrasion detection/TBM hob rotary state and string grind online test method |
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2021
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| TW201226100A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-01 | Nat Univ Chung Hsing | Method and device to detect the state of cutting tool in machine tool |
| JP2018091033A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-14 | 大成建設株式会社 | Deterioration diagnosis method for shield machine |
| CN107843294A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-27 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | A kind of portable all standing shield hob abrasion monitoring device |
| CN110333059A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 中南大学 | A kind of shield based on abrasion detection/TBM hob rotary state and string grind online test method |
| WO2021121288A1 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | 山东大学 | Real-time wear state monitoring device for tbm rotary cutter, and method |
| CN111644900A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-11 | 西安交通大学 | Tool damage real-time monitoring method based on spindle vibration characteristic fusion |
| CN112412484A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-26 | 龙工(上海)液压有限公司 | Center-adjustable type center rotary joint for shield machine |
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