CN113956908B - Refrigerator oil composition and use thereof - Google Patents
Refrigerator oil composition and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113956908B CN113956908B CN202111205996.6A CN202111205996A CN113956908B CN 113956908 B CN113956908 B CN 113956908B CN 202111205996 A CN202111205996 A CN 202111205996A CN 113956908 B CN113956908 B CN 113956908B
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- acid
- oil composition
- refrigerator oil
- base oil
- oil
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HBFBFJVRBIGLND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCC(CO)(CO)CO HBFBFJVRBIGLND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVAFSPAKLBEZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl] benzoate Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HVAFSPAKLBEZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004666 short chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021391 short chain fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The present application provides a refrigerator oil composition. The refrigerator oil composition comprises base oil, wherein the base oil is prepared by esterification reaction of raw material acid and polyalcohol, and the raw material acid comprises benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid. The product of esterification reaction between polyol and raw material acid is used as a component of base oil, a benzoate structure can be formed, and the structural stability of the polyol ester base oil can be improved by utilizing the regional shielding effect of pi-pi conjugated system formed by benzene rings and ester groups. Because the ester bond in the benzoate molecule has stronger polarity, the polarity of the base oil can be further enhanced, and the compatibility with the refrigerant R32 is improved, so that the oil return performance of the refrigerating machine oil working fluid composition is improved; in addition, the polarity enhancement is more favorable for the adsorption of ester molecules on the friction surface to generate an oil film with higher strength, so that the friction coefficient of the friction surface is reduced, and the lubricating performance of the refrigerator oil composition can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of refrigerator oil, and particularly relates to a refrigerator oil composition and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, due to ozone layer depletion and global warming, which are increasingly becoming hot spots of attention and discussion by various governments, the market demand for environment-friendly refrigerants having low ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential is increasing. HFCs (hydrofluorocarbon) based refrigerants have evolved as alternative refrigerants due to their lower global warming index (GWP) and non-ozone depleting effect (ODP). R32 belongs to HFCs refrigerant, is colorless gas at normal temperature, has GWP value of 675 and ODP of zero, has weak combustibility, has smaller filling quantity and safety of A2L, and is considered as an air conditioner substitute refrigerant with good development potential. Therefore, it is important to develop a refrigerating machine oil for a refrigerating compressor used in combination with R32.
At present, refrigerating machine oils widely used for HFCs refrigerants are difficult to be compatible with R32 refrigerants. When the refrigerator oil is incompatible with the refrigerant, the layering of the oil and the refrigerant is easily caused on an evaporator in the refrigeration system, and the refrigerator oil is difficult to return to a compressor of the refrigeration system, so that the oil shortage of moving parts of the compressor is caused, the abrasion is caused due to poor lubrication, and the reliability of the compressor is further affected. Meanwhile, the refrigerating machine oil retained in the evaporator influences the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator, and further influences the working efficiency of the refrigerating system. With the miniaturization of equipment of a refrigeration compressor for the purposes of energy saving, environmental protection and the like, the heat load of the compressor is increased; under severe conditions, the refrigerator oil is more likely to deteriorate and the lubricating performance is lowered. To ensure long-term reliable operation of the refrigeration system, further improvements in compatibility, stability, and lubricity of the refrigerator oil composition are needed.
In order to improve and consider the compatibility, stability and lubricity of the refrigerator oil, the effect of changing the formulation of additives in the refrigerator oil to improve the quality characteristics of the refrigerator oil is limited, and the prior art proposes to adjust the components of the base oil to solve the problems of the compatibility and the lubricity of the refrigerator oil from the structural design of the base oil, for example, the esterified substance of fatty acid and neopentyl polyol can provide better lubricating effect to a certain extent, but the compatibility, the lubricity and the stability of the refrigerant and the synthetic ester are still insufficient. When the esters are matched with R32 refrigerant for use, the esters of short-chain fatty acids have good compatibility, but the viscosity of the oil ester is lower, so that an oil film is thinner and the lubricating effect is poor; while esters of long chain fatty acids generally have higher viscosities, facilitate oil film formation, and are more lubricious, but less compatible or incompatible with R32 refrigerants. According to the principle of similar compatibility of chemical substances, the R32 refrigerant is a polar molecule, and the ester of long-chain fatty acid has smaller polarity, so that the R32 refrigerant is difficult to be compatible with the refrigerant with large polarity.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present application provides a refrigerator oil composition and use thereof, which can solve the problems of insufficient compatibility, lubricity and stability when being matched with R32 refrigerant Wu Shi in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a refrigerator oil composition comprising a base oil prepared by an esterification reaction of a raw material acid and a polyol, wherein the raw material acid comprises benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid.
Optionally, the contents of the benzoic acid, the fatty acid and the dibasic acid in the raw material acid are respectively: benzoic acid is 2mol% -25 mol%; 2 to 10mol percent of dibasic acid; fatty acid is the balance.
Optionally, the content of the benzoic acid is 10mol% to 20mol%.
Optionally, the content of the benzoic acid is 10mol% to 15mol%.
Optionally, the content of the diacid is 5mol% to 10mol%.
Optionally, the dibasic acid comprises a dibasic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
Optionally, the dibasic acid comprises a dibasic acid having 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
Optionally, the dibasic acid comprises at least one of adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid.
Optionally, the dibasic acid comprises at least one of adipic acid, pimelic acid, and suberic acid.
Optionally, the dibasic acid is adipic acid.
Optionally, the fatty acid is C 4 ～C 18 Straight or branched chain fatty acids of (a).
Optionally, the polyol includes at least one of neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethanol, trimethylol propanol, and pentaerythritol.
Optionally, the polyol includes at least one of trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
Optionally, the composition comprises the following structural formula:
wherein R is 1 、R 2 And R is 3 Are all C 3 -C 17 The molecular weight of the alkyl or phenyl is 900-10000.
Alternatively, in the compound of formula (I), R 3 Is phenyl, and has the following structural formula:
optionally, the base oil comprises a compound of formula (I) and a compound of formula (II), wherein the mass content of the compound of formula (I) is 10-99% and the mass content of the compound of formula (II) is 5-40%.
Optionally, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 17 to 600mm at 40 DEG C 2 /s。
Optionally, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 45-120 mm at 40 DEG C 2 /s。
Optionally, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 80mm at 40 DEG C 2 /s。
Optionally, the refrigerator oil composition further comprises auxiliary materials, wherein the mass content of the base oil is 90-99.8%; the auxiliary materials comprise an antioxidant, an acid trapping agent, an antiwear agent and an antifoam agent.
According to another aspect of the present application there is provided the use of a refrigerator oil composition as described above in an air conditioning system with a refrigerant R32.
The refrigerator oil composition comprises base oil, wherein the base oil is prepared by esterification reaction of raw material acid and polyalcohol, and the raw material acid comprises benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid.
The product of esterification reaction between polyol and raw material acid is used as a component of base oil, a benzoate structure can be formed, and the structural stability of the polyol ester base oil can be improved by utilizing the regional shielding effect of pi-pi conjugated system formed by benzene rings and ester groups.
Because the ester bond in the benzoate molecule has stronger polarity, the polarity of the base oil can be further enhanced, and the compatibility with the refrigerant R32 is improved, so that the oil return performance of the refrigerating machine oil working fluid composition is improved; in addition, the polarity enhancement is more favorable for the adsorption of ester molecules on the friction surface to generate an oil film with higher strength, so that the friction coefficient of the friction surface is reduced, and the lubricating performance of the refrigerator oil composition can be improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to embodiments thereof.
The refrigerator oil composition of the present application comprises a base oil, which is a mixed polyester, and is mainly prepared by esterification polymerization of a polyol and a raw material acid, wherein the raw material acid comprises benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid, and thus the polyester component comprises the polyol benzoic acid polyester oil.
The product of esterification reaction between polyol and raw material acid is used as a component of base oil, a benzoate structure can be formed, and the structural stability of the polyol ester base oil can be improved by utilizing the regional shielding effect of pi-pi conjugated system formed by benzene rings and ester groups.
Because the ester bond in the benzoate molecule has stronger polarity, the polarity of the base oil can be further enhanced, and the compatibility with the refrigerant R32 is improved, so that the oil return performance of the refrigerating machine oil working fluid composition is improved; in addition, the polarity enhancement is more favorable for the adsorption of ester molecules on the friction surface to generate an oil film with higher strength, so that the friction coefficient of the friction surface is reduced, and the lubricating performance of the refrigerator oil composition can be improved.
The polyol benzoic acid polyester is prepared by adding pentaerythritol, fatty acid, benzoic acid, dibasic acid and catalyst into the polyol and organic acid in a molar ratio of hydroxyl to carboxyl of 1:1.1 in sequence at one time, and fully performing esterification reaction at 140-250 ℃, and is a base oil target product obtained through acid removal, water removal, decolorization adsorption and refining.
In the above raw material acid, the proportion of benzoic acid in the total amount of the raw material acid is in the range of 2 to 25mol%; the dibasic acid accounts for 2mol percent to 10mol percent of the total amount of the raw material acid; the balance is C 4 ～C 18 Linear or branched fatty acids.
The kinematic viscosity of the base oil at 40 ℃ is 17-600 mm 2 Preferably 45 to 120mm 2 Preferably 50 to 80mm 2 /s。
The refrigerator oil composition also comprises relevant auxiliary materials except base oil, and the specific composition and content are as follows:
base oil: 90 to 99.8 weight percent of polyol benzoic acid polyester oil;
an antioxidant: 0.05 to 3 weight percent;
acid scavenger: 0.05 to 3 weight percent;
antiwear agent: 0.05 to 2 weight percent;
anti-foaming agent: 0.05 to 2 weight percent;
the types of the above auxiliary materials are not particularly limited, such as: the antioxidant can be hindered phenol, diarylamine, phenothiazine, organic sulfonate, dialkyl dithiocarbamic acid metal salt and the like; the acid trapping agent can be glycidyl ester type epoxy compound, glycidyl ether type epoxy compound, phenyl glycidyl ether, etc.; the antiwear agent can be selected from alkyl phosphate, dialkyl dithiophosphate, phosphate and the like; the anti-foaming agent can be silicon-containing polydimethyl siloxane or other non-silicon polyacrylate, etc.
The main components of the base oil are described in detail below.
Benzoic acid includes at least one of benzoic acid and benzoic acid with an alkyl or alkoxy substituent; the benzoic acid is preferably 10mol% to 20mol%, more preferably 10mol% to 15mol% based on the total amount of the raw material acid. The dibasic acid accounts for 5mol% to 10mol% of the total amount of the raw material acid.
The other raw material polyol is preferably a mixed ester of a sterically hindered alcohol having good symmetry such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethanol, trimethylol propanol and pentaerythritol in view of structural stability; trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol are more preferred; esters of pentaerythritol are more preferable from the viewpoints of better heat stability and oxidation stability.
The dibasic acid is preferably an organic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an organic acid having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and the like; adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid are particularly preferred, and adipic acid is most preferred.
The base oil obtained by esterification polymerization of the raw materials mainly comprises one or more of polyol polyesters of the following formula I and ester oils in polyol polyesters of the formula II:
in the polyol polyester oil of the structural formula I or II, R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 Each independently is C 3 -C 17 An alkyl or aryl benzene ring (-C) 6 H 5 ). The molecular weight of the modified polyethylene is normally distributed within the range of 900-10000. Wherein the proportion of the compound I in the base oil is 10-99%, and the proportion of the compound II in the base oil is 5-40%. The polyol polyester of the present application may contain a polyol polyester component in which a part of the hydroxyl groups are not esterified.
The base oil in the refrigerator oil provided by the application has a higher relative molecular weight due to the fact that the base oil contains a polyol benzoic acid polyester structure, so that the base oil has stronger molecular polarity, good stability and lubricity. In the HFC-based refrigerant R32 system, a compressor using the refrigerator oil as a working fluid can be reliably operated in a severe environment.
Hereinafter, the present application will be described in more detail by way of preferred examples and comparative examples, but the present application is not limited to any of the following examples.
In examples and comparative examples, pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane is selected as the alcohol component; c5 and C8 fatty acids, adipic acid and benzoic acid as organic carboxylic acid components; the specific implementation method of the refrigerator oil is described in detail according to the raw material ratio of the hydroxyl-carboxyl molar ratio of 1:1.1.
Table 1: examples
Table 2: comparative example
( And (3) injection: * Because the synthesized product was a viscous solid at normal temperature, no test was performed. )
Measuring the solubility according to a self-built refrigerant solubility test method; 50g of refrigerating machine oil is added into a pressure-resistant kettle provided with an on-line pressure sensor, a thermometer and a volume graduated scale, and the liquid level of the solution in the kettle can be accurately measured through a glass sight glass and the graduated scale. Vacuumizing the pressure-resistant kettle for 20min by using a vacuum pump, filling R32 refrigerant to be detected into the pressure-resistant kettle, heating to 80 ℃, discharging part of redundant refrigerant, keeping the pressure gauge pressure at a set value (80 ℃ and 3.4 MPa) at a specific temperature, and calculating to obtain the mass fraction of the refrigerant in the refrigerating machine oil composition at the specific temperature and pressure, namely the solubility of the refrigerant under the condition. As can be seen from Table 1, as the ratio of benzoic acid raw material in the base oil increases (examples 1 to 4), the solubility of the base oil with R32 refrigerant at 80℃and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa increases; analysis of the solubility data for base oils 9-10 and base oils 15 and 16 shows that the addition of the benzoic acid component improves the viscosity of the base oil and also increases the solubility of the oil with R32.
Measuring the dissolution viscosity according to a self-established experimental method; 80g of refrigerating machine oil was charged into a 200ml pressure-resistant vessel equipped with an on-line viscometer and a densimeter, the inside of the vessel was vacuum-degassed, an R32 refrigerant was added to prepare a working fluid composition, and the pressure of the refrigerant and the temperature of the pressure-resistant vessel were adjusted at 110℃under an absolute pressure of 4.2MPa to conduct a dissolution viscosity measurement. As is clear from examples 1 to 4, examples 7 to 8 and comparative example 8, the dissolution viscosity of the base oil was significantly improved as the benzoic acid and adipic acid raw materials were added to the base oil. The experimental result shows that under certain conditions, the addition of the benzoic acid or adipic acid component can improve the dissolution viscosity of the base oil.
Comparative example 3 and comparative example 7, it was found that the viscosity of the polyol polyester formed by benzoic acid with adipic acid and fatty acid was more significantly affected by the addition amount of adipic acid; it was further found that adipic acid in an amount exceeding 10 mole% of the total amount readily caused the base oil product to become solid at ambient temperature; particularly when the benzoic acid accounts for more than 25mol%, the base oil thereof becomes sticky or solid directly after the synthesis is completed; while when adipic acid and/or benzoic acid account for less than 2mol%, the solubility is higher than 18%, but the dissolution viscosity is low. Thus, in order to control the base oil viscosity to achieve proper solution viscosity and compatibility, it is necessary to control the amounts of benzoic acid and adipic acid to achieve a balance between the refrigerator oil viscosity and compatibility.
The oil product was subjected to the determination of the antiwear property according to petrochemical industry standard SH/T0189-92 "method for measuring the antiwear property of lubricating oil", and the quality of the antiwear property was evaluated by obtaining the average plaque diameter and the magnitude of the friction coefficient. The test was conducted under the conditions of MMW-1 vertical universal friction tester load 392N, temperature 75℃and rotation speed 1200r/min, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 four ball friction test results
As is clear from Table 3, the difference in antiwear effects of several base oils of examples 1 to 4 is remarkable, and the phenomenon that the plaque diameter and the plaque coefficient decrease with the increase of the benzoic acid component occurs. Further, as a result of analyzing the base oils 1 and 9 and the base oils 8 and 16, it was found that the pentaerythritol benzoate polyester synthesized by adding the benzoic acid and adipic acid raw material components was significantly lower in the spot diameter and the friction coefficient than those of the pentaerythritol ester without adding the benzoic acid component. The experimental result shows that the introduction of the components of the benzoic acid and the adipic acid, in particular the introduction of the benzoic acid has positive effects on the aspects of improving the anti-wear and antifriction properties. Of course, other necessary antiwear additives may be added to the refrigerator oil in order to obtain a high quality antiwear lubricating effect.
According to the chemical industry standard SH/T0719-2002 "lubricating oil oxidation induction period assay", 3mg of base oil was added to an aluminum sample dish, capped and press sealed. The pressed and sealed sample vessel is placed on a test sample table of a PDSC instrument, the sample is heated at a speed of 100 ℃/min from the room temperature, and the oxidation induction period is measured under the conditions of oxygen atmosphere, 3.5MPa plus or minus 0.2MPa and flow rate of 100 mL/min. The test results are shown in table 4.
According to the established experimental method "refrigerator oil thermogravimetry", 15mg of the oil sample was placed on a suitable thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) sample tray, the sample tray was placed on a sample holder and heated to 40-600 ℃ in a 50mL/min nitrogen stream at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min. Throughout the process, the thermogravimetric analyzer monitors and records the weight loss data of the sample as it heats up to break down. Thermogravimetric losses are measured under the same thermogravimetric conditions on a subsequently measured sample mass loss fraction versus temperature curve (thermogravimetric curve). The test results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 thermal-oxidative stability analysis
The test results in Table 4 show that the base oils containing the benzoic acid component (e.g., base oils 1-8) are significantly less resistant to oxidation than the base oil containing the benzoic acid component (base oil 9) for a longer period of time. Second, the oxidation induction period of the polyol polyester base oils containing adipic acid (e.g., base oils 1 and 9) was shorter than that of the pentaerythritol benzoate base oil (e.g., base oil 10), indicating that the introduction of adipic acid adversely affects the oxidation resistance of the base oils. Further analysis found that as the benzoic acid addition ratio increased, its corresponding base oil oxidation induction period also increased. Thus, the introduction of benzoic acid components in frozen base oils is presumed to be a direct cause of the enhanced antioxidant properties of the base oils. In order to obtain a refrigerator oil composition having high oxidation resistance, a small amount of an antioxidant may be added.
The thermogravimetry is a test means for evaluating the thermal stability of a substance by measuring the change of the mass of the substance to be measured with temperature under the control of the program temperature. According to the test results in table 4, it was shown that the thermal weight loss temperature of base oil 1 containing a small amount of adipic acid was slightly lower than that of base oil 10 containing no adipic acid, as compared to the thermal weight data of base oil 1 and base oil 10, indicating that the addition of adipic acid had no direct beneficial effect on the thermal stability of the base oils. Further analysis found that the thermal weight loss temperatures of base oils 1-4 increased with increasing benzoic acid content, indicating that improved thermal stability of the base oils benefited from the introduction of benzoic acid.
In summary, the kinematic viscosity, the dissolution viscosity, the thermal-oxidation induction period, the size of the abrasive spot diameter and the like of the polyol benzoic acid polyester provided in the embodiments of the present application all have beneficial effects with the increase of the benzoic acid addition amount; the pour point and viscosity index performance index of the base oil are adversely affected with increasing amounts of benzoic acid. Therefore, it is important to control the raw material ratio of benzoic acid to fatty acid in terms of improving the overall performance of the refrigerator oil.
Industrial applicability
From the test data in tables 1-2, the present application can be used in the refrigeration system of HFC hydrocarbon refrigerant R32 as a refrigerator oil working fluid composition.
The base oil and the composition thereof provided by the embodiment of the application have better compatibility with the hydrofluorocarbon R32 refrigerant, are beneficial to realizing the system oil return circulation of the refrigerating machine oil working flow and improve the stability of the system; at the same time, the dissolution viscosity is 2.1mm under the condition of 4.2MPa and 110 ℃ of the actual operation condition of the compressor 2 Above/s, the oil film with enough thickness can be ensured between the friction pairs of the pump body parts of the compressor, so that the lubricity of the working fluid composition and the operation reliability of the compressor are improved. Therefore, the refrigerator oil has the advantages of lubricity, solubility and high-low temperature fluidity, and can be used as a refrigerator oil working fluid composition in a refrigerator of a hydrofluorocarbon R32 refrigerant.
It is easy to understand by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments can be freely combined and overlapped without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present application. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (20)
1. The refrigerator oil composition is characterized by comprising base oil, wherein the base oil is prepared by esterification reaction of raw material acid and polyalcohol, and the raw material acid consists of benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid;
the refrigerator oil composition comprises the following components in structural formula:
wherein R is 1 、R 2 And R is 3 Are all C 3 -C 17 The molecular weight of the alkyl or phenyl is 900-10000.
2. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the contents of benzoic acid, fatty acid and dibasic acid in the raw material acid are respectively: benzoic acid is 2mol% -25 mol%; 2 to 10mol percent of dibasic acid; fatty acid is the balance.
3. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 2, wherein the benzoic acid content is 10mol% to 20mol%.
4. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 3, wherein the benzoic acid content is 10mol% to 15mol%.
5. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the dibasic acid is contained in an amount of 5mol% to 10mol%.
6. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the dibasic acid comprises a dibasic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
7. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 6, wherein the dibasic acid comprises a dibasic acid having 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
8. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 7 wherein the dibasic acid comprises at least one of adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid.
9. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 8 wherein the dibasic acid comprises at least one of adipic acid, pimelic acid, and suberic acid.
10. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 9, wherein the dibasic acid is adipic acid.
11. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 1, wherein the fatty acid is C 4 ～C 18 Straight or branched chain fatty acids of (a).
12. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 1 wherein the polyol comprises at least one of neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethanol, trimethylol propanol, and pentaerythritol.
13. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 12 wherein the polyol comprises at least one of trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
14. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 1, wherein in the compound of formula (I), R 3 Is phenyl, and has the following structural formula:
15. the refrigerator oil composition according to claim 14, wherein the base oil comprises a compound of formula (II), wherein the mass content of the compound of formula (II) is 5 to 40%.
16. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 15, wherein the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 17 to 600mm at 40 ℃ 2 /s。
17. The refrigerator oil composition of claim 16, wherein the base oil is a kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃The degree is 45-120 mm 2 /s。
18. The refrigerating machine oil composition according to claim 17, wherein the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 80mm at 40 ℃ 2 /s。
19. The refrigerator oil composition according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary material, wherein the mass content of the base oil is 90-99.8%; the auxiliary materials comprise an antioxidant, an acid trapping agent, an antiwear agent and an antifoam agent.
20. Use of a refrigerator oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 19 in an air conditioning system with a refrigerant R32.
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