CN113954394A - Preparation method of vehicle door anti-collision beam, preparation method of vehicle door anti-collision beam and vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly - Google Patents
Preparation method of vehicle door anti-collision beam, preparation method of vehicle door anti-collision beam and vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/70—Completely encapsulating inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
- B60F5/00—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media
- B60F5/02—Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media convertible into aircraft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J5/00—Doors
- B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
- B60J5/042—Reinforcement elements
- B60J5/0422—Elongated type elements, e.g. beams, cables, belts or wires
- B60J5/0438—Elongated type elements, e.g. beams, cables, belts or wires characterised by the type of elongated elements
- B60J5/0443—Beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J5/00—Doors
- B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
- B60J5/042—Reinforcement elements
- B60J5/0456—Behaviour during impact
- B60J5/0461—Behaviour during impact characterised by a pre-defined mode of deformation or displacement in order to absorb impact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/04—Landing aids; Safety measures to prevent collision with earth's surface
- B64D45/06—Landing aids; Safety measures to prevent collision with earth's surface mechanical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to a preparation method of a vehicle door anti-collision beam, a preparation method of the vehicle door anti-collision beam and a vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a first glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the foam core layer to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam; preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer of the first middle anti-collision beam to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam; and preparing a second glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer of the second middle anti-collision beam. The vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method meets the collision requirement of the vehicle door, and simultaneously has the weight which is more than 70 percent lighter than that of the traditional anti-collision beam; meanwhile, the sectional area is small, so that the arrangement of the vehicle door accessories is not influenced; and the cost is also lower. Furthermore, by adopting pultrusion and stretch-wrap molding processes, the automatic production of products can be realized, the traditional high-strength steel and aluminum alloy profile anti-collision beam can be completely replaced, and the anti-collision beam is particularly suitable for being used as a door anti-collision beam of a flying automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of anti-collision beams, in particular to a preparation method of a vehicle door anti-collision beam, a preparation method of the vehicle door anti-collision beam and a vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly.
Background
In recent years, with the improvement of economic level of people, the demand of people for automobiles is rapidly increased, and the problem of ground traffic jam is increased. The aerocar is a vehicle which can fly in the air and can run on the ground, and is a combination of an airplane and an automobile. The flying automobile can be used as an automobile to run on a road at ordinary times so as to save energy to the maximum extent; the aircraft can fly in the air at key moment, and the advantages of rapidness and convenience are shown. The application field of the aerocar is very wide, the aerocar not only can be used as a daily walking tool, but also can be applied to the fields of fire fighting, border patrol, emergency rescue, emergency delivery and the like.
The problem of driving safety has always been one of the key problems that are considered heavily by aircraft developers, and in order to improve the installation performance of aircraft, aircraft are usually provided with a front impact beam, a rear impact beam and a door impact beam. The door anti-collision beam is used as an extra energy-absorbing protection, so that the external force suffered by passengers can be reduced, the integrity of a passenger compartment can be effectively protected during side collision or extreme working condition crash of a flying automobile, and the injury of the passengers can be reduced to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the door of the aerocar can be used as an emergency exit, so that the door is required to have enough rigidity and strength to resist the impact of side collision and crash on the road, so as to ensure that the door can be opened under extreme working conditions and be used as an emergency escape channel.
Most of the existing automobile door anti-collision beams adopt hot-formed ultrahigh-strength steel, can meet the requirement of side collision through reasonable mechanism design, but are heavier; and a small part of the anti-collision beam is made of aluminum alloy section bars, so that the anti-collision beam has a smaller weight ratio than high-strength steel, but the cross section area is generally larger, and the arrangement space of door accessories such as a door glass lifter, a door lock, a door stopper and the like can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the application provides a preparation method of a vehicle door anti-collision beam, a preparation method of the vehicle door anti-collision beam and a vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly, which can reduce the weight of the vehicle door anti-collision beam and improve the strength of the vehicle door anti-collision beam.
Firstly, the application provides a preparation method of a vehicle door anti-collision beam, which comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a first glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the foam core layer to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam;
b) preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer of the first middle anti-collision beam to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam;
c) and preparing a second glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer of the second middle anti-collision beam.
Further, the step a) is to prepare a first glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the foam core layer by adopting a pultrusion process; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and step b) preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer of the first middle anti-collision beam by adopting a pultrusion process.
Further, the step a) specifically comprises:
impregnating a first glass fiber bundle in a first resin to obtain a first prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the first prepreg through a first mold to prepare a first glass fiber composite material layer, so as to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam; the inner mold of the first mold is the foam core layer;
and/or, the step b) specifically comprises the following steps:
impregnating the carbon fiber bundles in a second resin to obtain a second prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the second prepreg through a second mold to prepare a carbon fiber composite material layer to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam; the inner die of the second die is the first middle anti-collision beam.
Further, in the step c), a second glass fiber composite material layer is prepared on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer of the second middle anti-collision beam by adopting a drawing and winding process.
Further, the step c) specifically comprises:
dipping the glass fiber braided fabric into a third resin for the first time to obtain a preformed material;
winding the preformed material by a winding device according to a preset spiral angle to obtain a pre-wound material;
secondly, impregnating the pre-winding material in third resin to obtain a third prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the third prepreg through a third mold to prepare a second glass fiber composite material layer; the inner die of the third die is the second middle anti-collision beam.
Further, in the winding step, the number of layers to be wound is plural.
Secondly, this application still provides a door anticollision roof beam, and it includes:
a foam core layer;
the first glass fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the foam core layer;
the carbon fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer;
and the second glass fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer.
Further, the second glass fiber composite material layer comprises a plurality of layers of glass fiber braided fabric winding layers, and the glass fiber braided fabrics between the adjacent glass fiber braided fabric winding layers are arranged in a staggered mode.
Further, the cross-sectional area ratio of the foam core layer, the first glass fiber composite material layer, the carbon fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer is 1 (0.22-0.24): (0.25-0.26) and (0.27-0.29).
Finally, the application provides a door crashproof roof beam subassembly, it includes: the vehicle door anti-collision beam and the carbon fiber vehicle door connector are arranged on the vehicle door; one end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector is connected with the vehicle door anti-collision beam, and the other end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector is connected with the vehicle door inner plate.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
The vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method is of a composite structure and sequentially comprises the following components from inside to outside: the foam core layer, the first glass fiber composite material layer, the carbon fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer. Wherein, the foam core layer plays a role in supporting other reinforcing layers and buffering energy; in the outer layer structure, the glass fiber composite material and the carbon fiber composite material are matched and combined, so that the glass fiber has good mechanical property, strong corrosion resistance and good processing property, can be made into products in different forms such as strands, bundles, felts, woven fabrics and the like, has cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and reduces the cost while improving the mechanical property of the products. The carbon fiber composite material layer is located between the first glass fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer and used for further improving the mechanical performance of the product, particularly the tensile strength, and in addition, the carbon fiber has small specific gravity and is beneficial to realizing light weight while ensuring the mechanical performance of the anti-collision beam. The vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method meets the collision requirement of the vehicle door, and simultaneously has the weight which is more than 70 percent lighter than that of the traditional anti-collision beam; meanwhile, the sectional area is small, so that the arrangement of the vehicle door accessories is not influenced; and the cost is also lower. Furthermore, by adopting pultrusion and stretch-wrap molding processes, the automatic production of products can be realized, the efficiency is high, the traditional high-strength steel and aluminum alloy profile anti-collision beam can be completely replaced, and the anti-collision beam is particularly suitable for being used as a door anti-collision beam of a flying automobile.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the application as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the application.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a door impact beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a door impact beam assembly shown in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a door impact beam assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-point bending and squeezing test of a door impact beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a squeeze force-displacement diagram of a three-point bending squeeze test of a door impact beam shown in an embodiment of the present application;
description of the reference numerals
10-vehicle door anti-collision beam
1-foam core layer 1
2-first glass fiber composite layer
3-carbon fiber composite layer
4-second glass fiber composite material layer
5-carbon fiber vehicle door connector
6-vehicle door inner plate
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a door impact beam and a manufacturing method thereof, which can have the advantages of light weight, high strength and small volume.
The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of an anti-collision beam of a vehicle door, which comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a first glass fiber composite material layer 2 on the surface of the foam core layer 1 to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam;
b) preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer 3 on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 of the first middle anti-collision beam to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam;
c) and preparing a second glass fiber composite material layer 4 on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 of the second middle anti-collision beam.
The prepared vehicle door anti-collision beam structure is shown in figure 1 and sequentially comprises the following components from inside to outside: the composite material comprises a foam core layer 1, a first glass fiber composite material layer 2, a carbon fiber composite material layer 3 and a second glass fiber composite material layer 4. The foam core layer 1 is positioned at the middle and plays a role in supporting other reinforcing layers and buffering energy; the foam core layer 1 is preferably a PVC foam core layer. The first glass fiber composite material layer 2 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 are made of glass fiber resin composite materials, the glass fibers are good in mechanical property, strong in corrosion resistance and good in processing performance, products in different forms such as strands, bundles, felts and woven fabrics can be manufactured, raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the cost can be reduced while the mechanical property of the products is improved. The carbon fiber composite material layer 3 is located between the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4, is used for further promoting the mechanical property of the product, especially tensile strength, and in addition, the carbon fiber specific gravity is small, thereby being beneficial to realizing light weight while ensuring the mechanical property of the anti-collision beam.
In the above preparation process, the step a) is a step of preparing the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 on the surface of the foam core layer 1, and in the present application, the step a) preferably adopts a pultrusion process to prepare the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 on the surface of the foam core layer 1. The pultrusion process is a method for continuously producing composite material section, which is to impregnate glass fiber, carbon fiber and other continuous reinforcing materials with resin, then to pass through a forming die which keeps a certain section shape, and to continuously remove the die after the curing forming in the die, thereby forming a pultruded product. The first glass fiber composite material layer prepared by adopting the pultrusion process has the advantages that: the production process can completely realize automatic control, and the production efficiency is high; the content of the fiber in the pultruded product can reach 80 percent, the gum dipping is carried out under tension, the function of a reinforcing material can be fully exerted, and the product has high strength; the longitudinal and transverse strength of the product can be adjusted, and the use requirements of the anti-collision beams with different mechanical property requirements can be met; the production process has no leftover waste, and the product does not need post-processing, so that the process saves labor, raw materials and energy compared with other processes; the product has stable quality, good repeatability and random cutting of length.
Further, the step a) specifically includes:
impregnating a first glass fiber bundle in a first resin to obtain a first prepreg;
under the traction action of a tractor, heating, curing and molding the first prepreg through a first mold to prepare a first glass fiber composite material layer 2, and obtaining a first middle anti-collision beam; the inner mold of the first mold is the foam core layer 1.
The first resin may be polyurethane unsaturated resin or epoxy resin, preferably polyurethane unsaturated resin, and has a high curing speed. When the polyurethane unsaturated resin is used, the curing temperature in the heat curing molding is preferably 60 to 90 ℃, more preferably 70 to 85 ℃, and most preferably 80 ℃. The drawing speed is preferably 4m/h to 6m/h, more preferably 5 m/h. The first mold directly takes the foam core layer 1 as an inner mold, so that the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 with the preset shape and size is directly prepared on the surface of the foam core layer 1 through a pultrusion process, and the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 prepared according to the process is a glass fiber bundle pultrusion composite material layer. By adopting the process, the procedure of compounding the foam core layer 1 can be completed while the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 is processed, so that the foam core layer 1 and the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 are compounded without extra procedures, the production efficiency is improved, and the use of compounding auxiliary materials such as a binder is reduced.
Step b) is a process of continuously preparing the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 on the surface of the prepared first glass fiber composite material layer 2. Similar to step a), step b) also preferably adopts a pultrusion process to prepare the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 of the first middle anti-collision beam. The step adopts a pultrusion process, can directly use the carbon fiber bundle as a raw material to carry out processing and manufacturing, has high production efficiency and saves raw materials. In step b), the T700 grade 48K large tow carbon fiber is preferably used as a raw material.
Further, the step b) specifically comprises:
impregnating the carbon fiber bundles in a second resin to obtain a second prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the second prepreg through a second mold to prepare a carbon fiber composite material layer 3, so as to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam; the inner die of the second die is the first middle anti-collision beam.
The second resin can be polyurethane unsaturated resin or epoxy resin, preferably polyurethane unsaturated resin, and has high curing speed. When the polyurethane unsaturated resin is used, the curing temperature in the heat curing molding is preferably 60 to 90 ℃, more preferably 70 to 85 ℃, and most preferably 80 ℃. The drawing speed is preferably 4m/h to 6m/h, more preferably 5 m/h. The second die directly takes the first middle anti-collision beam as an inner die, so that the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 with the preset shape and size is directly prepared on the surface of the first middle anti-collision beam through a pultrusion process, and the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 prepared according to the process is a carbon fiber extrusion molding composite material layer. By adopting the process, the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 can be processed and the compounding procedure of the carbon fiber composite material layer and the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 can be completed at the same time, so that the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 and the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 are compounded without extra procedures, the production efficiency is improved, and the use of auxiliary composite materials such as a binder is reduced.
Step c) is a process of preparing the second fiberglass composite material layer 4. The second glass fiber composite material layer 4 is located outermost, and when the door was hit, the first atress of the glass fiber composite material layer 4 of outermost second, in order to improve the mechanical properties on this layer, the glass fiber composite material layer 4 of second preferably adopts the drawing and twines the technology preparation, adopts the drawing and twine technology to prepare the glass fiber composite material layer 4 of second on the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 surface of crashproof roof beam in the middle of the second promptly. The drawing and winding process is characterized in that a winding device is added on the basis of a pultrusion process, so that the axial performance of a product is ensured, and the radial performance of the product is improved. In order to further improve the impact resistance of the second glass fiber composite material layer 4, the glass fiber braided fabric is used as a raw material and is prepared through a drawing and winding process, and then the glass fiber braided fabric drawing and winding composite material layer is prepared.
Further, the step c) specifically includes:
dipping the glass fiber braided fabric into a third resin for the first time to obtain a preformed material;
winding the preformed material by a winding device according to a preset spiral angle to obtain a pre-wound material;
secondly, impregnating the pre-winding material in third resin to obtain a third prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the third prepreg through a third mold to prepare a second glass fiber composite material layer 4; the inner die of the third die is the second middle anti-collision beam.
The third resin may be polyurethane unsaturated resin or epoxy resin, preferably polyurethane unsaturated resin, and has a high curing speed. In the winding process, the number of winding layers is preferably multiple, specifically can be 4-6, and the arrangement direction of the glass fiber braided fabric of the adjacent winding layers and the axial included angle of the foam core layer 1 are +/-45 degrees. The winding density is preferably 150-220 pieces/mm. In the case of using the polyurethane unsaturated resin in the heat curing molding, the curing temperature is preferably 60 to 90 ℃, more preferably 70 to 85 ℃, and most preferably 80 ℃. The drawing speed is preferably 4m/h to 6m/h, more preferably 5 m/h.
In the preparation process, the cross section of the foam core layer 1 is preferably square, the cross section of the outer die of the first die is square, namely the cross section of the first middle anti-collision beam is square, and the square cross section is more beneficial to uniformly arranging the prepreg on the surface of the inner die in the pultrusion process. Similarly, the cross-section of the outer mould of the second mould is preferably square, and the cross-section of the outer mould of the third mould is square, so that the prepared door anti-collision beam is of a cuboid structure, and the door anti-collision beam of the cuboid structure is convenient to position when being installed. Further, the cross-sectional area ratio of the foam core layer 1, the first glass fiber composite material layer 2, the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 in the door anti-collision beam with the cuboid structure is preferably 1 (0.22-0.24): (0.25-0.26) and (0.27-0.29).
From the above, the vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method of the present application is a composite structure, and sequentially comprises from inside to outside: the foam core layer, the first glass fiber composite material layer, the carbon fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer. Wherein, the foam core layer plays a role in supporting other reinforcing layers and buffering energy; in the outer layer structure, the glass fiber composite material and the carbon fiber composite material are matched and combined, so that the glass fiber has good mechanical property, strong corrosion resistance and good processing property, can be made into products in different forms such as strands, bundles, felts, woven fabrics and the like, has cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and reduces the cost while improving the mechanical property of the products. The carbon fiber composite material layer is located between the first glass fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer and used for further improving the mechanical performance of the product, particularly the tensile strength, and in addition, the carbon fiber has small specific gravity and is beneficial to realizing light weight while ensuring the mechanical performance of the anti-collision beam. The vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method meets the collision requirement of the vehicle door, and simultaneously has the weight which is more than 70 percent lighter than that of the traditional anti-collision beam; meanwhile, the sectional area is small, so that the arrangement of the vehicle door accessories is not influenced; and the cost is also lower. Furthermore, by adopting pultrusion and stretch-wrap molding processes, the automatic production of products can be realized, the efficiency is high, the traditional high-strength steel and aluminum alloy profile anti-collision beam can be completely replaced, and the anti-collision beam is particularly suitable for being used as a door anti-collision beam of a flying automobile.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides a door impact beam, please refer to fig. 1, which includes:
a foam core layer 1;
the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 is coated on the surface of the foam core layer 1;
the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 is coated on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer 2;
and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer 3.
The door impact beam can be prepared according to the method. The foam core layer 1 is preferably a PVC foam core layer. The first glass fiber composite material layer 2 is preferably a glass fiber bundle pultrusion composite material layer, the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 is preferably a carbon fiber extrusion pultrusion composite material layer, and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 is preferably a glass fiber braided fabric pultrusion composite material layer. Further, in order to improve the mechanical property of the second glass fiber composite material layer, the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 comprises a plurality of layers of glass fiber braided fabric winding layers, and the glass fiber braided fabrics between the adjacent glass fiber braided fabric winding layers are arranged in a staggered mode. The number of piles of the glass fiber braided fabric winding layer can be specifically 4 ~ 6 layers, and the arrangement direction of the glass fiber braided fabric of the adjacent glass fiber braided fabric winding layer is 45 with the axial contained angle of the foam core layer 1.
The cross section of the foam core layer 1 is preferably square, and the outer cross sections of the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 and the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 are also preferably square; this door anticollision roof beam is the cuboid structure, and the door anticollision roof beam of cuboid structure is convenient to be fixed a position it in the installation. Further, the cross-sectional area ratio of the foam core layer 1, the first glass fiber composite material layer 2, the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4 in the door anti-collision beam with the cuboid structure is preferably 1 (0.22-0.24): (0.25-0.26) and (0.27-0.29).
The application provides a door anticollision roof beam is composite construction, and it from interior to exterior includes in proper order: the composite material comprises a foam core layer 1, a first glass fiber composite material layer 2, a carbon fiber composite material layer 3 and a second glass fiber composite material layer 4. Wherein, the foam core layer 1 plays a role in supporting other reinforced layers and buffering energy; in the outer layer structure, the glass fiber composite material and the carbon fiber composite material are matched and combined, so that the glass fiber has good mechanical property, strong corrosion resistance and good processing property, can be made into products in different forms such as strands, bundles, felts, woven fabrics and the like, has cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and can reduce the cost while improving the mechanical property of the products. The carbon fiber composite material layer 3 is located between the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 and the second glass fiber composite material layer 4, is used for further promoting the mechanical property of the product, especially tensile strength, and in addition, the carbon fiber specific gravity is small, thereby being beneficial to realizing light weight while ensuring the mechanical property of the anti-collision beam. The automobile door anti-collision beam provided by the application meets the collision requirement of an automobile door, and meanwhile, the weight of the automobile door anti-collision beam is lighter than that of a traditional anti-collision beam by more than 70%; meanwhile, the sectional area is small, so that the arrangement of the vehicle door accessories is not influenced; and the cost is also lower. The application provides a door anticollision roof beam is particularly suitable for as hovercar's door anticollision roof beam.
Another embodiment of the present application further provides a door impact beam assembly, please refer to fig. 2 and 3, which includes: the door anti-collision beam 10 and the carbon fiber door connector 5; one end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector 5 is connected with the vehicle door anti-collision beam 10, and the other end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector is connected with the vehicle door inner plate 6.
The carbon fiber door connector 5 is used for fixing the door impact beam 10 to the door inner panel 6. Carbon fiber material has the advantage that specific strength is high, and matter is light to easily be connected joint strength is higher with carbon fiber's door plant and above-mentioned door anticollision roof beam 10. The carbon fiber door connector 5 can be formed by compression molding of prepreg.
Specifically, the number of the carbon fiber vehicle door connectors 5 is two, the middle part of each carbon fiber vehicle door connector 5 is provided with an installation groove matched with the shape of the vehicle door anti-collision beam 10, and two ends of each carbon fiber vehicle door connector are provided with connecting surfaces; the two ends of the vehicle door anti-collision beam 10 are fixed in the mounting grooves, and can be fixed in the mounting grooves through structural adhesive; the connecting surface of the vehicle door connector is fixed on the vehicle door inner plate 6 and connected with the vehicle door connector, and the vehicle door connector can be fixed on the vehicle door inner plate 6 through structural adhesive or fixed through bolts or riveting.
The vehicle door anti-collision beam assembly meets the collision requirement of a vehicle door, and simultaneously has the weight which is more than 70 percent lighter than that of the traditional anti-collision beam; meanwhile, the sectional area is small, so that the arrangement of the vehicle door accessories is not influenced; and the cost is also lower.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a door impact beam having a length of 995mm was prepared in the following dimensions:
the section size of the vehicle door anti-collision beam is as follows: 42mm × 32 mm; sectional area: 1344mm2
Cross-sectional dimension of PVC foam core layer 1: 33mm × 23 mm; sectional area: 759mm2。
The first glass fiber composite material layer 2: the thickness is 1.5 mm; sectional area: 177mm2。
Carbon fiber composite material layer 3: the thickness is 1.5 mm; sectional area: 195mm2。
The second glass fiber composite material layer 4: the thickness is 1.5 mm; cross-sectional area 213mm2。
The preparation technology of the vehicle door anti-collision beam is as follows:
1. impregnating a first glass fiber bundle in polyurethane unsaturated resin to obtain a first prepreg; under the traction action of a traction machine, enabling the first prepreg to pass through a first die, and heating, curing and forming, wherein the heating and curing temperature is 80 ℃, and the traction speed is 5 m/h; the inner die of the first die is a foam core layer, and the cross section of the outer die is square; the first glass fiber composite material layer 2 is prepared in the step, and the first middle anti-collision beam is obtained.
2. Impregnating 48K large-tow carbon fibers with the T700 grade in polyurethane unsaturated resin to obtain a second prepreg; under the traction action of a traction machine, a second prepreg passes through a second die, and is heated, cured and molded, wherein the heating and curing temperature is 80 ℃, and the traction speed is 5 m/h; the inner die of the second die is a first middle anti-collision beam, and the cross section of the outer die is square; the carbon fiber composite material layer 3 is prepared in this step, and the second middle anti-collision beam is obtained.
3. The glass fiber braided fabric is firstly dipped in polyurethane unsaturated resin to obtain a preformed material; winding the preformed material by a winding device according to a spiral angle which is +/-45 degrees with the axial direction of the foam core layer, and winding for 5 layers to obtain a pre-wound material; secondly, impregnating the pre-winding material in polyurethane unsaturated resin to obtain a third prepreg; under the traction action of a tractor, passing a third prepreg through a third mould, heating, curing and forming, wherein the heating and curing temperature is 80 ℃, the traction speed is 5m/h, an inner mould of the third mould is a second middle anti-collision beam, and the section of an outer mould is square; this step prepares the second fiberglass composite 4.
The door impact beam prepared in this example weighed 0.75kg, which is 30% of the weight of a conventional thermoformed steel impact beam (about 2.5 kg).
The three-point bending extrusion test is carried out on the vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the embodiment, the extrusion mode is shown in fig. 4, the extrusion force-displacement result is shown in fig. 5, the maximum contact force of the anti-collision beam can be 12KN, and the strength and the rigidity are higher than those of the traditional hot-formed steel and aluminum alloy profile anti-collision beam.
Experiments prove that the vehicle door anti-collision beam prepared by the method has the advantages of small volume, light weight, higher strength and rigidity than traditional thermal forming steel and aluminum alloy section anti-collision beams, and is suitable for being used as the vehicle door anti-collision beam of a flying vehicle.
Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the vehicle door anti-collision beam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) preparing a first glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the foam core layer to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam;
b) preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer of the first middle anti-collision beam to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam;
c) and preparing a second glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer of the second middle anti-collision beam.
2. The production method according to claim 1,
step a) is to prepare a first glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the foam core layer by adopting a pultrusion process; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and step b) preparing a carbon fiber composite material layer on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer of the first middle anti-collision beam by adopting a pultrusion process.
3. The production method according to claim 2,
the step a) specifically comprises the following steps:
impregnating a first glass fiber bundle in a first resin to obtain a first prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the first prepreg through a first mold to prepare a first glass fiber composite material layer, so as to obtain a first middle anti-collision beam; the inner mold of the first mold is the foam core layer;
and/or, the step b) specifically comprises the following steps:
impregnating the carbon fiber bundles in a second resin to obtain a second prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the second prepreg through a second mold to prepare a carbon fiber composite material layer to obtain a second middle anti-collision beam; the inner die of the second die is the first middle anti-collision beam.
4. The production method according to claim 2,
and step c) preparing a second glass fiber composite material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer of the second middle anti-collision beam by adopting a drawing and winding process.
5. The production method according to claim 4,
the step c) specifically comprises the following steps:
dipping the glass fiber braided fabric into a third resin for the first time to obtain a preformed material;
winding the preformed material by a winding device according to a preset spiral angle to obtain a pre-wound material;
secondly, impregnating the pre-winding material in third resin to obtain a third prepreg;
under the traction action of a traction machine, heating, curing and molding the third prepreg through a third mold to prepare a second glass fiber composite material layer; the inner die of the third die is the second middle anti-collision beam.
6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein in the winding step, the number of wound layers is multiple.
7. A vehicle door impact beam, comprising:
a foam core layer;
the first glass fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the foam core layer;
the carbon fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the first glass fiber composite material layer;
and the second glass fiber composite material layer is coated on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material layer.
8. The door impact beam of claim 7, wherein the second fiberglass composite layer comprises a plurality of fiberglass fabric winding layers, and the fiberglass fabric between adjacent fiberglass fabric winding layers is staggered.
9. The vehicle door anti-collision beam according to claim 7, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the foam core layer, the first glass fiber composite material layer, the carbon fiber composite material layer and the second glass fiber composite material layer is 1 (0.22-0.24): (0.25-0.26) and (0.27-0.29).
10. A vehicle door impact beam assembly, comprising: the door impact beam and carbon fiber door connector of any one of claims 7 to 9; one end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector is connected with the vehicle door anti-collision beam, and the other end of the carbon fiber vehicle door connector is connected with the vehicle door inner plate.
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