CN113953458A

CN113953458A - Propeller production process

Info

Publication number: CN113953458A
Application number: CN202111243627.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王以军
Original assignee: Taizhou Jiaojiang Yonggu Ship Propeller Factory
Current assignee: Taizhou Jiaojiang Yonggu Ship Propeller Factory
Priority date: 2021-10-25
Filing date: 2021-10-25
Publication date: 2022-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-25
Also published as: CN113953458B

Abstract

The application relates to a propeller production process, relates to the technical field of ship propeller manufacturing, and comprises the following steps: manufacturing a sand mould, presetting a first casting pipe, presetting a second casting pipe, pressing by a die pressing device, injecting copper water in batches, cooling and forming, taking out and polishing. This application is applyed through secondary casting and die assembly's pressure, under the influence that reduces copper water buoyancy and cause the screw quality, make the copper water heat that the secondary was poured in be higher than the refrigerated screw in below, play the corresponding effect of pushing down, be about to cool off fashioned screw and receive the extrusion, so that the screw receives decurrent pressure at the fashioned in-process of cooling, thereby it is higher to have the closely knit degree of the fashioned screw in below that makes, structural strength is more guaranteed advantage.

Description

Propeller production process

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of ship propeller manufacturing, in particular to a propeller production process.

Background

At present, ships are more applied to schedule life of people, and are mostly used for transmitting goods or carrying passengers, so that power is provided by rotation of the propeller at the bottom of the ship, the ship can move forwards on water after bearing weight, and the requirement on the manufacture of the propeller is higher.

The traditional propeller production process mainly comprises the steps of sand mold manufacturing, copper casting, natural cooling, taking out and polishing and the like. And when copper casting is carried out, injecting copper water from the manufactured sand mold, so that the copper water is gradually filled in the cavity of the sand mold, the copper water is filled in each part of the cavity of the sand mold, finally, the whole cavity of the sand mold is filled after the liquid level of the copper water rises, and the formed propeller is taken out after cooling.

With the above-described related art, the inventors consider that: when the copper water is injected into the sand model cavity for cooling, the liquid state of the copper water has buoyancy, and after the copper water is naturally cooled, the tightness of a part formed by cooling and solidifying the liquid level of the copper water and a part formed by cooling and solidifying the bottom of the copper water are different, so that the quality of the cast propeller blade is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the quality of the propeller blades, the application aims to provide a propeller production process.

The propeller production process provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:

a propeller production process comprises the following steps:

step S1: compacting sand by using a mould to stack sand to form a sand mould, embedding a first casting pipe in the edge of the sand mould, placing a propeller mould on the sand mould, and covering a cover plate matched with the sand mould;

step S2: opening the cover plate to take out the propeller mould, covering the cover plate and forming a propeller-shaped cavity together with the sand mould;

step S3: a second casting pipe is inserted into the sand mold at one end of the cover plate, which is close to each other, and the second casting pipe extends into a cavity forming the propeller rotating shaft;

step S4: covering the sand mold and the cover plate with the die assembly, tightly pressing the cover plate to the sand mold, and then injecting molten copper into the sand mold from the first casting pipe;

step S5: after the propeller blades are filled with the copper water, injecting the copper water into the sand mold from the second casting pipe to form a secondary casting part at the propeller rotating shaft;

step S6: and (4) taking down the die assembly after the copper water is cooled, removing the sand mold, taking out the formed propeller, cutting off a secondary casting part at the rotating shaft of the propeller, and finally polishing.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when production screw, earlier with casting pipe one pre-buried in the grit, then utilize the mould to pile up the sand compaction and form the sand mould for casting pipe one is located the edge of sand mould, and the sand mould shape is similar with the screw. And placing the propeller mould on the sand mould, and covering a cover plate matched with the sand mould, so that the propeller mould is positioned between the cover plate and the sand mould. And opening the cover plate to take out the propeller mould, and covering the cover plate to form a propeller-shaped cavity between the cover plate and the sand mould.

And a second casting pipe is inserted into the sand mould at one end of the cover plate close to each other, so that the second casting pipe is positioned in the cavity forming the propeller rotating shaft. Then cover the die assembly on sand mould and apron for die assembly's gravity acts on the apron, so that after pouring into copper water from casting pipe, the liquid level in copper water and the sand mould rises gradually, produces buoyancy easily, pushes down the apron through die assembly, further pushes down the sand mould, reduces the buoyancy of copper water liquid level, in order to prevent to produce buoyancy when casting and influence the quality of screw.

Until the copper water level rises to the propeller blade, and then the pouring from the casting pipe is stopped, so that the copper water in the sand mould is cooled for 3 to 5 minutes. And pouring the molten copper from the second casting pipe to ensure that the secondarily poured part is the rotating shaft of the propeller, removing the sand mold until the molten copper is completely cooled, cutting off the part formed by secondary casting at the rotating shaft of the formed propeller, and finally polishing.

Consequently, exert through secondary casting and die assembly's pressure, under the influence that reduces copper water buoyancy and cause the screw quality for the copper water heat that the secondary was poured into is higher than the refrigerated screw in below, plays the effect that corresponding pushing down, and the fashioned screw that will cool off receives the extrusion, so that the screw receives decurrent pressure at the fashioned in-process of cooling, thereby makes the closely knit degree of the fashioned screw in below higher, and structural strength is more secure.

Optionally, a lower end of the casting pipe pre-embedded in the step S1 extends to the bottom of the sand mold, so that the molten copper spreads and rises from the bottom of the sand mold after passing through the casting pipe.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the copper water is injected into the casting pipe, the copper water flows into the bottom of the sand mold through the casting pipe I, so that the copper water continuously flows into the bottom of the sand mold, and the liquid level rises to fill the whole propeller cavity. In the continuous casting process of copper water, the copper water of high temperature flows in from the sand mould bottom all the time for be in the high temperature state all the time after the copper water in the sand mould floats upward, reduce the copper water flow in sand mould back in the copper water difference in temperature of upper and lower part great in the sand mould, thereby be convenient for the copper water to flow in each place of sand mould inner cavity, make the screw that the copper water internal cooling formed more complete.

Optionally, the cover plate of step S1 has a plurality of through holes, and sand is added to the through holes and tamped so that the tamped sand contacts the propeller mold.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on the apron covers the screw mould on the sand mould, pour into the through-hole with sand from the apron, then tamp the sand in the through-hole for sand sees through the apron and surrounds the screw mould gradually. The compacted sand is then caused to form a propeller-shaped cavity in the cover plate, thereby facilitating the formation of the upper half propeller cavity in the cover plate.

Optionally, in the step S3, a shaft sleeve is detachably connected to the lower portion of the second casting tube, the shaft sleeve is inserted into the sand mold at the end, close to the cover plate, of the cover plate, and then the shaft sleeve is taken out to stretch the second casting tube into the sand mold.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when pouring into copper water from casting tube two, earlier put into the sand mould of the adjacent one end of apron with the shaft barrel to make the pivot of the interior screw that forms of sand mould. And then the shaft cylinder is detached to enable the second casting pipe to extend into the cavity of the propeller rotating shaft, and molten copper is injected from the second casting pipe, so that secondary casting is formed conveniently.

Optionally, the die-casting device in step S4 is further provided with a positioning cylinder and a casting cylinder, the positioning cylinder is sleeved on the second casting pipe, and the casting cylinder is sleeved on the first casting pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when pouring into copper water from casting tube one, casting tube two, establish through the cover of a location section of thick bamboo and a casting section of thick bamboo to limit splashing towards everywhere after the copper water pours into, and fix a position and lead the pouring into of copper water, thereby be convenient for the copper water pour into the sand mould smoothly into.

Optionally, the die assembly is including supporting sand mold's supporting disk, cover in the pressure disk of apron top, a location section of thick bamboo, a casting section of thick bamboo all are located the pressure disk, the pressure disk with be equipped with a plurality of support pieces between the apron, support piece is used for making sand mold receive the even pressure of pressure disk.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when covering die assembly on the apron, because the shape of screw blade makes the apron be in slope and the state of unevenness, through supporting support piece on the apron for the diapire of pressure disk contacts behind the support piece and acts on the apron. So that the even pressure of pressure disk that the apron received to make pressure disk and apron establish everywhere and connect, make whole pressure disk homoenergetic act on the apron, thereby increase the pressure range that the pressure disk was exerted pressure to the apron.

Optionally, the supporting member includes a supporting block abutting against the cover plate, and a cushion block disposed on the supporting block, and heights of the cushion blocks are different from each other.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when connecting pressure disk and apron, place the supporting shoe on the apron to make the roof of supporting shoe be in the horizontality, then place the cushion that highly differs in size on the supporting shoe, make the cushion homoenergetic on every supporting shoe and pressure disk looks butt, thereby improve the pressure disk to the effect that compresses tightly of apron.

Optionally, the cushion block is tapered along the length direction thereof, and the cushion block is rotatably connected to the support block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when supporting pressure disk and apron, place the supporting shoe in the back on the apron, can rotate the cushion for the cushion convergent one end is transferred over to between pressure disk and the supporting shoe earlier, so that the cushion of convergent can all the time with the pressure disk butt after transferring over to the pressure disk below, need not to select the cushion that the size is suitable to support, thereby save to support the time that consumes pressure disk and apron.

Optionally, a plurality of connecting rods are arranged on the pressure plate in a sliding mode along the vertical direction, the connecting rods are hooked with the supporting plate, one end, located above the pressure plate, of each connecting rod is connected with a fastening block in a threaded mode, and the fastening blocks abut against the upper surface of the pressure plate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when drawing close each other between pressure disk and the supporting disk, will connect and do to pass behind the pressure disk and supporting disk hookup mutually, the supporting disk is pre-buried in sand mo (u) ld below. Then with fastening block threaded connection in the one end that the connecting rod is located the pressure disk top, twist and move the fastening block for the fastening block is twisted and is driven the pressure disk and draw close towards the supporting disk after screwing up, so that draw close the back with the sand mould with pressure disk and supporting disk and press from both sides tightly, realizes good pushing down and prevents that the phenomenon of casting come-up from taking place.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

by secondary casting and pressure application of a die pressing device, under the condition of reducing the influence of copper water buoyancy on the quality of the propeller, the heat of copper water poured in secondarily is higher than that of the propeller cooled below, so that the propeller is correspondingly pressed downwards, the cooled and formed propeller is extruded, and the propeller is pressed downwards in the cooling and forming process, so that the compactness of the propeller formed below is higher, and the structural strength is more guaranteed;

the lower end of the casting pipe extends to the bottom of the sand mold, and high-temperature copper water flows in from the bottom of the sand mold all the time, so that the copper water in the sand mold is in a high-temperature state all the time after floating upwards, the temperature difference of the copper water at the upper part and the lower part in the sand mold is reduced after the copper water flows into the sand mold, the copper water can conveniently flow into all parts of the cavity in the sand mold, and the propeller formed by cooling the copper water in the sand mold is more complete;

the shaft barrel is arranged, so that a rotating shaft of the propeller is formed in the sand mould, the casting pipe II extends into a cavity of the rotating shaft of the propeller after the shaft barrel is detached, and copper water is injected from the casting pipe II, so that secondary casting is formed conveniently;

set up the cushion of convergent through rotating, can all the time with the pressure disk butt after the cushion of convergent changes over to the pressure disk below, need not to select the cushion that the size is suitable to support to save and support the time that consumes pressure disk and apron.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a die assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the embodiment of the present application for showing the snap ring and the hook.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a production process for an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a die assembly; 2. a support disc; 3. sand molding; 31. a cover plate; 32. a through hole; 33. a shaft cylinder; 4. a platen; 41. a positioning cylinder; 411. a second casting pipe; 42. a casting cylinder; 421. a first casting pipe; 43. a connecting plate; 44. a connecting rod; 441. a hook; 442. a snap ring; 45. a fastening block; 5. a support member; 51. a support block; 52. and a cushion block.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

The embodiment of the application discloses a die assembly.

Referring to fig. 1, the die assembly 1 includes a supporting disc 2, a sand mold 3 and a pressure plate 4, the supporting disc 2 is embedded in sand and supports the sand mold 3, the sand mold 3 is in a shape of a propeller, the sand mold 3 is covered with a plurality of cover plates 31, the cover plates 31 are selected to be four in the embodiment of the present application and correspond to four blades of the propeller, and the cover plates 31 are provided with a plurality of through holes 32. Between the cover plate 31 and the pressure plate 4 are mounted several supports 5 to subject the sand molds 3 to a uniform pressure from the pressure plate 4.

Referring to fig. 1, a shaft 33 is vertically inserted into the sand mold 3 at one end of the cover plate 31 close to each other, and the shaft 33 presses the space formed by the sand mold 3 to form a rotating shaft of the propeller. Place a location section of thick bamboo 41 and a casting section of thick bamboo 42 on the pressure disk 4, fixedly connected with casting pipe 421 in the casting section of thick bamboo 42, the edge that a casting section of thick bamboo 42 is located sand mo (3) goes out, and casting pipe 421 downwardly extending to sand mo (3) bottom to make copper water from casting pipe 421 get into sand mo (3) in the back from up being full of whole sand mo (3). The positioning cylinder 41 corresponds to the shaft cylinder 33, a second casting pipe 411 is fixedly connected in the positioning cylinder 41, the lower end of the second casting pipe 411 extends into a cavity of the sand mold 3 for forming the propeller rotating shaft, the propeller rotating shaft formed by casting of the second casting pipe 411 is subjected to secondary casting, and a secondary casting part is formed.

Referring to fig. 1, the supporting member 5 includes a supporting block 51 abutting on the cover plate 31, and a plurality of pads 52 rotatably connected to an upper surface of the supporting block 51, wherein heights of the pads 52 are different, a rotation axis of the pads 52 extends in a vertical direction, a bottom wall of the supporting block 51 is inclined to fit the inclined upper surface of the cover plate 31, and a top wall of the supporting block 51 is a plane. Cushion 52 is the convergent form along self length direction to through the rotation of cushion 52 on supporting shoe 51, make cushion 52 can butt in supporting shoe 51 while and the diapire looks butt of pressure disk 4, so that transmit pressure disk 4's pressure for apron 31, reduce the buoyancy of copper water in sand mould 3 internal liquid level, improve the roughness of cooling shaping back propeller blade.

Referring to fig. 2, a connecting plate 43 is horizontally placed on the pressure plate 4, a connecting rod 44 is connected in the connecting plate 43 in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the connecting rod 44 is positioned between two adjacent cover plates 31 and extends into the sand mold 3 to be hooked with the supporting plate 2. A hook 441 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 44, and a snap ring 442 hooked with the hook 441 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the support plate 2. And the one end threaded connection that connecting rod 44 is located the connecting plate 43 top has fastening block 45, and fastening block 45 butt is in the roof of connecting plate 43 to press connecting plate 43 down after fastening block 45 screws up, so that the distance between pressure disk 4 and the supporting disk 2 is close to, realizes good pushing down and prevents that the phenomenon of casting come-up from taking place.

The die assembly 1 of the embodiment of the present application is implemented according to the following principle: when copper water is respectively injected from the first casting pipe 421 and the second casting pipe 411, the pressure plate 4 is abutted to the cover plate 31 through the plurality of supporting blocks 51 and the cushion blocks 52, so that the cover plate 31 covers the sand mold 3 to limit the copper water in the sand mold 3 to float upwards, and the fluctuation generated by the liquid level of the copper water in the sand mold 3 is reduced. And supporting disk 2 and pressure disk 4 draw close each other through the effect of connecting rod 44 and fastening block 45, further increase pressure that pressure disk 4 supported and pressed on apron 31, improve the roughness of cooling shaping back screw blade to produce buoyancy when preventing the casting and influence the quality of screw.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a propeller production process, which uses the die pressing device 1, and with reference to fig. 2 and 3, after the supporting disc 2 is pre-embedded in sand, the sand is piled up and compacted to form the shape of the propeller so as to form a sand mold 3, and a first casting pipe 421 is pre-embedded at the edge of the sand mold 3. The shaft tube 33 is then inserted into the propeller-shaped sand mold 3 to form a rotating shaft of the propeller, the propeller mold is placed on the sand mold 3, and then the cover plate 31 fitted to the sand mold 3 is covered.

Sand is poured into the cover plate 31 and then tamped in the through hole 32 of the cover plate 31 so that the sand on the cover plate 31 surrounds the propeller mould, so that the cover plate 31 is formed with the shape of the propeller blades. After tamping, the cover plate 31 is opened, the shaft sleeve 33 is also taken out at the same time to take out the propeller mould, and the cover plate 31 is covered to form a cavity in the shape of propeller blades with the sand mould 3.

A second casting pipe 411 is inserted into the sand mould 3 taken out of the shaft barrel 33, so that the second casting pipe 411 extends into a cavity forming a rotating shaft of the propeller. And then covering the cover plate 31 with the die assembly 1 to pressurize the cover plate 31, so as to reduce the buoyancy of the copper liquid level in the sand mold 3 and prevent the buoyancy generated during casting from influencing the quality of the propeller.

Meanwhile, the upper ends of the first casting pipe 421 and the second casting pipe 411 penetrate out of the die assembly 1, and through placing the positioning cylinder 41 and the casting cylinder 42, the copper water is injected from the first casting pipe 421 by a constructor, so that the copper water gradually spreads upwards from the sand mold 3. And after the propeller blades are filled with the copper water, after the copper water is cooled for 3-5 minutes, injecting the copper water from the second casting pipe 411 so that the copper water injected secondarily flows into a rotating shaft of the propeller to form a secondary casting part.

And (3) taking down the die pressing device 1 until the copper water is completely cooled and formed to form the propeller, then opening the cover plate 31, removing the sand mold 3 to take out the formed propeller, cutting off a casting part formed by secondary casting, and finally polishing the formed propeller.

The implementation of the propeller production process is as follows: pressure through secondary casting and die assembly 1 is applyed, under the influence that reduces copper water buoyancy and cause the screw quality for the copper water heat that the secondary was poured into is higher than the refrigerated screw in below, plays the corresponding effect of pushing down, is about to cool off fashioned screw and receives the extrusion, so that the screw receives decurrent pressure at the cooling fashioned in-process, thereby makes the closely knit degree of below fashioned screw higher, and structural strength is more secure.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A propeller production process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step S1: compacting sand by using a mould to stack to form a sand mould (3), embedding a casting pipe I (421) at the edge of the sand mould (3), placing a propeller mould on the sand mould (3), and covering a cover plate (31) matched with the sand mould (3);

step S2: the cover plate (31) is opened to take out the propeller mould, and a propeller-shaped cavity is formed by the cover plate (31) and the sand mould (3);

step S3: a second casting pipe (411) is inserted into the sand mould (3) at one end of the cover plate (31) close to each other, and the second casting pipe (411) extends into a cavity forming a propeller rotating shaft;

step S4: covering the die assembly (1) on the sand mold (3) and the cover plate (31), pressing the cover plate (31) on the sand mold (3), and then injecting molten copper into the sand mold (3) from the first casting pipe (421);

step S5: after the propeller blades are filled with the copper water, injecting the copper water into the sand mold (3) from the second casting pipe (411) to form a secondary casting part at the position of the propeller rotating shaft;

step S6: and (3) taking down the die assembly (1) after the copper water is cooled, removing the sand mold (3), taking out the formed propeller, cutting off a secondary casting part at the rotating shaft of the propeller, and finally polishing.

2. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the lower end of the first casting pipe (421) pre-embedded in the step S1 extends to the bottom of the sand mold (3), so that the molten copper can spread and rise from the bottom of the sand mold (3) after passing through the first casting pipe (421).

3. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cover plate (31) in the step S1 is provided with a plurality of through holes (32), and sand is added into the through holes (32) for tamping, so that the tamped sand is contacted with the propeller mould.

4. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step S3, a shaft barrel (33) is detachably connected below the second casting pipe (411), the shaft barrel (33) is inserted into the sand mold (3) at one end of the cover plate (31) close to each other, and then the shaft barrel (33) is taken out to stretch the second casting pipe (411) into the sand mold.

5. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the die-casting device (1) in the step S4 is further provided with a positioning cylinder (41) and a casting cylinder (42), the positioning cylinder (41) is sleeved on the second casting pipe (411), and the casting cylinder (42) is sleeved on the first casting pipe (421).

6. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 5, wherein: die assembly (1) is including supporting disk (2), the cover of sand mould (3) are in pressure disk (4) of apron (31) top, a location section of thick bamboo (41), a casting section of thick bamboo (42) all are located pressure disk (4), pressure disk (4) with be equipped with a plurality of support piece (5) between apron (31), support piece (5) are used for making the sand mould receive pressure that pressure disk (4) are even.

7. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the supporting piece (5) comprises a supporting block (51) abutted to the cover plate (31) and a cushion block (52) arranged on the supporting block (51), and the heights of the cushion blocks (52) are different.

8. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the cushion block (52) is tapered along the length direction, and the cushion block (52) is rotatably connected to the supporting block (51).

9. A process for the production of a propeller as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the pressure disk (4) is provided with a plurality of connecting rods (44) along vertical direction slip, connecting rod (44) with supporting disk (2) are even hooked, connecting rod (44) are located the one end threaded connection of pressure disk (4) top has fastening block (45), fastening block (45) support tightly in the upper surface of pressure disk (4).