CN113952016B - Bone holder - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a bone holder, which comprises a fixed rod, a movable rod and a manual driving piece, wherein the manual driving piece is used for driving the movable rod to move along a first direction; the movable claw comprises a first clamping face, a second clamping face and a steel plate placing cavity, the fixed claw comprises a third clamping face, the first clamping face, the second clamping face and the third clamping face are cavity wall faces of the clamping cavity, the first clamping face and the second clamping face are arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, the steel plate placing cavity is arranged between the first clamping face and the second clamping face and communicated with the clamping cavity, and the steel plate placing cavity is formed by inwards sinking along the first direction far away from the fixed claw from the cavity wall of the clamping cavity. Compare in traditional apparatus, the second fixed surface in this application has filled the headspace of original, and prefabricated steel sheet becomes along the position that the bone surface anticlockwise shifted up by the right downside of original bone surface in the attached position of bone, has increased the operating space of electric drill, makes things convenient for clinician to install prefabricated steel sheet on disconnected bone, has reduced clinician's operating requirement.

Description

Bone holder

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a bone holder.

Background

Cut open and reset internal fixation art, it resets to be used for the fracture to cut open, and is specific, is carrying out the muscle to the broken bone of fracture department and peels off the back, adopts bone holder to reset and maintain the state that resets to two broken bones, adopts suitable steel sheet to attach and fixes in order to connect two broken bones in the drilling of two broken bone faces.

In the prior art, chinese utility model with publication number CN201821279863.7 discloses a fracture reduction and maintaining device, which lists three traditional bone holders in the background art, and indicates the disadvantages of all the three bone holders: the gap position that the bone holder was reserved specially and is used for the steel sheet to put is not good, and the follow-up fixed inconvenient of steel sheet.

Disclosure of Invention

To the technical problem, the purpose of this application is to provide a bone holder, place the steel sheet after the doctor fixes the fractured bone of being convenient for and fix the fractured bone.

The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

a bone holder comprises a fixed rod, a movable rod and a manual driving piece, wherein the manual driving piece is used for driving the movable rod to move along a first direction relative to the fixed rod;

the movable claw comprises a first clamping face, a second clamping face and a steel plate placing cavity, the fixed claw comprises a third clamping face, wherein the first clamping face, the second clamping face and the third clamping face are cavity wall faces of the clamping cavity, the first clamping face and the second clamping face are perpendicular to the second direction of the first direction in an interval arrangement mode, the steel plate placing cavity is formed in the first clamping face and the second clamping face, communicated with the clamping cavity and located on the cavity wall of the clamping cavity along the distance away from the fixed claw, the first direction is inwards sunken to form the steel plate.

Preferably, the fixed rod comprises a fixed rod body, the fixed claw is integrally arranged at the first end of the fixed rod body, the first clamping surface is farther away from the first end than the second clamping surface in the second direction, and the clamping force given to the bone by the first clamping surface is directed to the third clamping surface and also directed to the first end.

Preferably, the second clamping surface imparts a clamping force to the bone directed towards the third clamping surface and also facing away from the first end.

Preferably, the first clamping surface is provided as a rounded fixing point.

Preferably, the movable jaw includes a first jaw body and a second jaw body that are connected to each other and adjustable in relative position in the second direction, the first clamping surface is located on the first jaw body, the second jaw body is located on the second jaw body, the steel plate placing cavity is formed between the first jaw body and the second jaw body, and the size of the steel plate placing cavity is adjustable by adjusting the relative position of the first jaw body and the second jaw body in the second direction.

Preferably, the first claw body comprises an insertion plate, the second claw body comprises an insertion groove matched with the insertion plate, a butting hole in threaded fit and a butting bolt, the butting hole is communicated with the insertion groove, and the butting bolt penetrates through the butting hole to be butted with the insertion plate.

Preferably, the width dimension of the steel plate placing cavity in the second direction gradually increases along the first direction away from the fixing claw.

Preferably, the fixed rod includes the edge screw hole that the first direction extends, the movable rod includes the drive groove, manual drive spare is including to wearing the actuating lever of screw hole and being fixed in the one end of actuating lever just rotationally set up in drive ball in the drive groove, the actuating lever is including keeping away from drive ball and with the screw thread section of screw hole adaptation and being close to the smooth pole section of drive ball, when the threaded connection of screw thread section and screw hole is relieved, smooth pole section can be in along the first direction removal in the screw hole.

Preferably, the fixed rod comprises a guide hole coaxially arranged with the threaded hole, the guide hole is positioned between the threaded hole and the movable rod, the size of the guide hole is matched with the rod diameter of the smooth rod section, and the smooth rod section is matched with the guide hole in a sliding manner.

Preferably, an annular yielding groove is arranged on the smooth rod section in a surrounding mode, and the fixed rod comprises a locking structure which is matched with the yielding groove and used for locking the relative position of the driving rod and the fixed rod and can be unlocked.

The beneficial effect of this application:

1. compare in traditional apparatus, original headspace has been filled to the second clamping face in this application, move the pole movable jaw and decide the stationary dog of pole at the fixed in-process of contradicting to the bone, the oblique ascending power left of bone right side downside can be taken for to the second clamping face, make the whole lifting of fixed in-process bone, also upwards lifting with the conflict position of third clamping face, no longer with fixed pole main part upper surface contact, prefabricated steel sheet becomes along the anticlockwise position that shifts up of bone face by original bone face right side downside in the attached position of bone simultaneously, the direction that prefabricated steel sheet right flank plumb line kept away from the bone is no longer directional muscle wound side, distance grow between the two, also be the space grow of power supply drill operation between prefabricated steel sheet right flank and the muscle wound, when using, can not contact with muscle wound side and cause the secondary injury, make things convenient for clinician to install prefabricated steel sheet on the broken bone, clinician's operation requirement has been reduced.

2. Set up first clamping face into the fixed point of taking the fillet, and keep this fixed point to contradict with the upper right side of bone all the time when using, through the test, the adaptation scope to the bone size can be enlarged to the bone holder of this setting, promotes the suitability of bone holder, has reduced the purchase volume of equipment, and then the cost is reduced.

3. Because the prefabricated steel sheet size that different sizes need to use is different, needs the headspace of size adaptation with it, and the headspace is located admittedly between first clamping face and the second clamping face, and the in-process of first claw body and the relative position of second claw body according to bone size adjustment, the relative distance between first clamping face, the second clamping face positively correlated with headspace's size, headspace's size also indirectly carries out corresponding adjustment along with the difference of bone size.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present application and are not limiting on the present application.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bone holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a bone holder according to one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a top view of a bone holder according to an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 illustrates a bottom view of a bone holder according to one embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is an operational view of the bone holder, showing the spatial relationship between the bone holder, the insertion position of the prefabricated steel plate and the drilling point d of the electric drill in the length direction of the bone after fixing the bone.

Fig. 6 is an operational view of a conventional bone holder for showing a positional relationship between an operation direction of an electric drill and a side of a muscle wound A2.

Fig. 7 is a first operation schematic diagram of the bone holder according to the first embodiment of the present application, which is used for showing the position relationship between the operation direction of the electric drill and the side of the muscle wound A2.

FIG. 8 is a second operational view of the bone holder of the first embodiment of the present application, illustrating the fixation points of the first clamping surface with rounded corners.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a bone holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a bone holder showing a threaded shank segment in threaded engagement with a threaded bore according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a second cross-sectional view of the bone holder of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the smooth rod segment snap-fitted to the snap ball after the threaded rod segment is separated from the threaded hole.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the driving step end of the fixed rod according to the first embodiment of the present application, showing the positional relationship among the mounting hole, the threaded hole, and the guide hole.

FIG. 13 is a bottom view of a bone holder according to a second embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the bone holder according to the second embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 15 is a first cross-sectional view of a bone holder of the second embodiment of the present application, showing a threaded shank segment in threaded engagement with a threaded bore.

Fig. 16 is a second cross-sectional view of the bone holder according to the second embodiment of the present invention, showing a state that the driving rod and the fixed rod are fixed by the interference fit of the clamping ring and the clamping cavity after the threaded rod segment is separated from the threaded hole.

Fig. 17 is a partial enlarged view of X in fig. 15.

Description of reference numerals:

1. fixing a rod; 11. a fixed rod body; 111. a sliding groove; 112. sliding the bolt; 12. a fixed jaw; 121. a third clamping surface; 13. driving the step; 131. a threaded hole; 132. a guide hole; 133. mounting holes; 134. clamping the ball; 135. a pressure spring; 136. plugging the bolt; 137. an annular bayonet;

2. a moving bar; 21. a drive slot; 22. a first clamping surface; 23. a second clamping surface; 24. reserving a space; 25. a first jaw body; 251. a plugboard; 26. a second jaw body; 261. inserting grooves; 262. tightly abutting against the bolt;

3. a manual drive; 31. a drive ball; 32. a drive rod; 321. a smooth rod section; 322. a threaded rod section; 323. a receding groove; 324. a snap ring;

4. a knob; 5. bone; 6. prefabricating a steel plate; 7. a muscle;

c. a steel plate vertical line; d. rotating the hole position by the electric drill;

f1, a first direction; f2, second direction.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer and more complete, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application. It will be understood that some of the technical means of the various embodiments described herein may be replaced or combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present specification and claims, the terms "first", "second", and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another object described, and not necessarily in any sequential or technical sense. Thus, an object defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the object. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like, do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one of the two, and "a plurality" denotes no less than two.

In the description of the present application and the claims, the terms "connected," "mounted," "fixed," "housed," and the like are used broadly unless otherwise indicated. For example, "connected" may be a separate connection or may be integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either non-removably or removably. For example, "accommodated" does not necessarily mean that the entire body is completely accommodated, and the concept also includes a partial accommodation case in which a part protrudes outward. The specific meaning of the foregoing terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.

In the description of the present application and in the claims, if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of clearly and simply describing the present application, and it is not indicated or implied that the elements referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and these directional terms are relative concepts for the sake of description and clarification and may be changed accordingly according to the change of orientation in which the elements in the drawings are placed. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements would then be oriented "above" the other elements.

In the description of the present application and in the claims, if the terms "sequentially" and "in order" are present, for example the phrase "sequentially arranged a, B, C", only indicates the order of arrangement of the elements a, B, C, and does not exclude the possibility of arranging other elements between a and B and/or between B and C.

< example one >

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment discloses a bone holder, which, like a conventional bone holder, also comprises a fixed rod 1, a moving rod 2 and a manual driving member 3. The manual driving member 3 is used for driving the moving rod 2 to move along the first direction F1 relative to the fixed rod 1. The fixed rod 1 comprises a fixed rod body 11 which is integrally in a long strip shape, a fixed claw 12 is integrally arranged at the left end of the fixed rod body 11, and a driving step 13 is arranged at the right end of the fixed rod body 11. The moving rod 2 comprises a movable claw matched with a fixed claw 12, the fixed claw 12 and the movable claw are oppositely arranged along a first direction F1, a clamping cavity of the bone 5 is formed between the fixed claw 12 and the movable claw, and the first direction F1 is specifically the length direction of the fixed rod body 11. The manual driving piece 3 controls the moving rod 2 to be matched with the fixed rod in a sliding way along the first direction F1 through matching with the driving step 13. The cooperation of sliding between moving pole 2 and the fixed rod body 11 is realized based on following structure: the fixed rod body 11 is provided with a sliding groove 111 along the length direction thereof, and a sliding bolt 112 penetrates through the sliding groove 111 to be in threaded connection with the moving rod 2, so that the moving rod 2 is limited on the surface of the fixed rod body 11, and can only move along the extending direction of the sliding groove 111, namely the first direction F1, under the action of the manual driving piece 3.

The manual driving part 3 can not only adjust the relative position of the moving rod 2 and the fixed rod in the length direction of the fixed rod body 11, but also lock the relative position of the moving rod 2 and the fixed rod 1. In the present embodiment, the manual driving member 3 includes a driving rod 32 having one end to which the driving ball 31 is fixed and the other end to which the knob 4 is fixed. The driving step 13 is provided with a screw hole 131 along the extending direction of the moving groove 111, i.e., the first direction F1. The moving rod 2 is provided with a ball-type driving groove 21. The driving rod 32 extends along the first direction F1, the driving ball 31 on the driving rod 32 is rotatably disposed in the ball-shaped driving groove 21, and the driving rod 32 is in threaded engagement with the threaded hole 131 through an external thread disposed on an outer surface thereof, so as to move along the first direction F1.

In use, the driving rod 32 is rotated by the knob 4, and the rotating driving rod 32 can move along the extending direction of the sliding slot 111, i.e. the first direction F1, under the threaded engagement of the driving rod 32 and the threaded hole 131. When the movable jaw on the moving rod 2 forms a holding posture with the fixed jaw 12 on the fixed rod 1 and abuts against the bone 5, the rotation of the knob 4 is stopped, and the bone 5 to be operated is clamped in the clamping cavity between the movable jaw and the fixed jaw 12.

Referring to fig. 6 in combination with fig. 5, after the clinician peels off the muscle 7 at the broken bone from the bone 5, the clinician fixes both sides of the muscle wound with the muscle hooks, and then fixes the bone 5 with the bone holder. In the conventional bone holder shown in fig. 6, when the movable jaw of the movable jaw 2 and the fixed jaw 12 of the fixed rod clamp and fix the bone 5, the movable jaw 2 of the conventional bone holder is an arc surface with anti-slip teeth which is sequentially lowered from left to right, and can bring an oblique downward force to the bone 5, so that the left side surface of the bone 5 is finally abutted against the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the upper surface of the fixed rod body 11, and the fixation is actually realized by forming a holding posture relative to the bone 5 through the left side surface of the movable jaw, the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the upper surface of the fixed rod body 11. The space that the right side downside of bone 5, the left side downside of movable jaw, the upper surface three of fixed rod body 11 enclosed this moment places chamber 24 for the steel sheet that is used for putting prefabricated steel sheet 6, and the prefabricated steel sheet 6 right flank is the operating surface of electric drill. When a clinician punches and installs the prefabricated steel plate 6 on a broken bone, the electric drill rotates the hole along the vertical line c on the right side surface of the prefabricated steel plate 6 for nailing and fixing.

Because the two broken bones are mutually staggered due to the contraction of muscles along the length direction of the broken bones during fracture, a clinician needs to exert great force on the two bone holders specially to stretch the two broken bones along the length direction of the broken bones for resetting during clinical operation, and the other clinician fixes the prefabricated steel plate 6. In order to avoid secondary injury to the muscle wound caused by the tip of the fixed claw 12, the tip of the fixed claw 12 is positioned at a position where no muscle is attached to the bone 5 during the resetting, and the tip of the fixed claw 12 is made to face away from the muscle wound as far as possible, namely the tip of the fixed claw 12 points to the air and is not in contact with the side of the muscle wound A1. Meanwhile, the factors such as the standing position, the force application angle and the like are comprehensively considered. In practical applications, the lower surface of the fixed rod body 11 is usually against or close to the side of the muscle wound A2. A problem arises here: the steel sheet is placed the right downside that chamber 24 is located the centre gripping chamber, and prefabricated steel sheet 6 is attached and is installed at 5 right downside faces of bone, and 6 right flank laminating bone faces of prefabricated steel sheet are put downwards to one side this moment, and the direction that 6 right flank plumb lines c of prefabricated steel sheet kept away from bone 5 is directional muscle wound A2 side, and the distance between the two is very little, and the space that supplies power between 6 right flank of also prefabricated steel sheet and the muscle wound A2 side and bore the operation is minimum. When the electric drill is used, the electric drill is easily contacted with the side of the muscle wound A2 to cause secondary damage, so that the prefabricated steel plate 6 is not favorably installed on a broken bone by a clinician, and the operation requirement of the clinician is improved.

Based on this, in the case that the position and shape of the fixed jaw 12 of the fixed bar are not changed greatly, the present embodiment provides the first clamping surface 22 and the second clamping surface 23 spaced apart from each other on the movable jaw of the moving bar 2, and the steel plate placing cavity 24 is located between the first clamping surface 22 and the second clamping surface 23. Specifically, the first clamping surface 22 and the second clamping surface 23 are arranged at intervals in a second direction F2 (i.e., an up-down direction parallel to the paper surface in fig. 7) perpendicular to the first direction F1, a steel plate placing chamber 24 is provided between the first clamping surface 22 and the second clamping surface 23 and communicates with the clamping chamber, and the steel plate placing chamber 24 is recessed inward from the chamber wall of the clamping chamber in the first direction F1 away from the fixing jaw 12.

The stationary jaw 12 comprises a third clamping surface 121, which third clamping surface 121 is the right side surface of the stationary jaw 12 in fig. 7. The first clamping surface 22, the second clamping surface 23 and the third clamping surface 121 are all cavity wall surfaces of the clamping cavity, and when the bone fixing device is used, the first clamping surface 22, the second clamping surface 23 and the third clamping surface 121 simultaneously abut against a bone 5 to fix the bone 5.

In fig. 7, the first clamping surface 22 is configured as a tooth-fitted arc surface that decreases in sequence from left to right to impart a downward force to the upper right side of the bone 5 in a diagonal direction, and the second clamping surface 23 is configured as a tooth-fitted arc surface that increases gradually from left to right to impart an upward force to the lower right side of the bone 5 in a diagonal direction. Specifically, the overall shape of the arcs of the first clamping surface 22 and the second clamping surface 23 are configured to generally conform to the shape of the bone 5. When the clamping device is used, the first clamping surface 22, the second clamping surface 23 and the third clamping surface 121 simultaneously abut against the bone 5 to form a holding posture so as to fix the bone 5, and the prefabricated steel plate 6 is attached to the bone surface at the position of the steel plate placing cavity 24.

The advantage of the above design lies in, please refer to fig. 7 again, compare with traditional apparatus, the second clamping face 23 in this embodiment has filled original steel sheet and has placed chamber 24, move pole 2 and the fixed jaw 12 of fixed pole and conflict fixed in-process to bone 5, second clamping face 23 can bring for bone 5 right downside one oblique upper left power, make whole lifting of bone 5 in the fixed process, conflict position with third clamping face 121 also upwards lifts, no longer with fixed pole body 11 upper surface contact, prefabricated steel sheet 6 becomes the position of moving up along the bone surface anticlockwise from original bone surface right downside in the attached position of bone 5, the direction that prefabricated steel sheet 6 right side face perpendicular line c kept away from bone 5 no longer points to muscle wound A2 side, the distance between the two is grow, also the space that supplies electric drill operation between prefabricated steel sheet 6 right side and the muscle wound grows. Therefore, when the electric drill is used, the electric drill can not be contacted with the side of the muscle wound A2 to cause secondary damage, a clinician can conveniently install the prefabricated steel plate 6 on the broken bone, and the operation requirement of the clinician is reduced.

The first clamping surface 22 is further away from the left end of the fixed rod body 11 than the second clamping surface 23 in the second direction F2, the clamping force given to the bone 5 by the first clamping surface 22 is directed to the left end of the fixed rod body 11 while being directed to the third clamping surface 23, and the clamping force given to the bone 5 by the second clamping surface 23 is directed to the left end of the fixed rod body 11 while being directed to the third clamping surface 23 while being directed away from the fixed rod body 11.

Referring to fig. 5 and 7, the prefabricated steel plate 6 spans the two fractured bones in the length direction of the two fractured bones and is fixed by driving steel nails into the positions d by using an electric drill. The steel plate placing cavity 24 is integrally a groove-shaped space which is a passage for the prefabricated steel plate 6 to pass through when passing through the bone holder. When placing prefabricated steel plate 6, two steel sheets place chamber 24 and align along 5 length direction of bone, and prefabricated steel plate 6 passes two steel sheets in proper order and places chamber 24. In order to facilitate the penetration of the prefabricated steel plate 6 into the steel plate placing cavity 24, the present embodiment sets the width dimension of the steel plate placing cavity 24 in the aforementioned second direction F2 to be gradually increased along the first direction F1 away from the fixing claw 12.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the bone holder is used with the tips of the fixed claws 12 facing away from the muscle wound A1 as much as possible, but in the structure of the conventional bone holder, the tips of the movable claws are opposed to the tips of the fixed claws 12. The tips of the fixed claws 12 face away from the side of the muscle wound A1, and the tips of the movable claws point to the side of the muscle wound A1. When a large-size bone holder is used for a thin bone 5, the left side face of the movable claw abutting against the bone 5 is actually the left side face part of the movable claw which is closer to the fixed rod body 11, and the leftmost end of the left side face of the movable claw, which is farther from the fixed rod body 11, may penetrate through the gap between the two fixed claws 12 to contact with the side of the muscle wound A1, so that secondary injury is caused. Thus, in conventional practice, different sizes of bone holders will be used depending on the thickness of the bone 5, so that the tips of the movable jaws do not pass through the fixed jaws 12, so that each type of bone holder has a corresponding range of adaptation to the thickness of the bone 5.

Based on this situation, considering that the shape of the fixed jaw 12 is entirely adapted to the shape of the bone 5, the bone 5 is held and fixed by the fixed jaw 12 and the movable jaw as long as a sufficient force is given to the upper right side of the bone 5. Referring to fig. 8, in another implementation it provides the first clamping surface 22 as a rounded fixation point and keeps this fixation point in contact with the upper right side of the bone 5 at all times during use. Through testing, the bone holder that should set up can enlarge the adaptation scope to 5 sizes of bone for the model quantity of bone holder reduces, has reduced the purchase volume of equipment, and then the cost is reduced.

Preferably, referring again to fig. 2 and 9, to further expand the range of adaptation to the bone 5 size, the number of bone holders is reduced. The present embodiment provides a movable claw including a first claw body 25 and a second claw body 26, and the first claw body 25 and the second claw body 26 are connected to each other and the relative position in the aforementioned second direction F2 is adjustable. The first clamping surface 22 is located on the first jaw body 25 and the second clamping surface 23 is located on the second jaw body 26. Before use, depending on the approximate size of the bone 5, the relative positions of the first jaw 25 and the second jaw 26 are adjusted by the nurse according to the size of the bone to be operated on, to ensure that the fixation point will interfere with the upper right side of the bone 5 during use. More ingenious is, because the prefabricated steel sheet 6 size that different sizes need to use is different, cavity 24 is placed to the steel sheet that needs size adaptation with it, and the steel sheet is placed cavity 24 and is located between first clamping face 22 and the second clamping face 23, and the in-process of the relative position is placed according to 5 size adjustment of bone to first claw body 25 and second claw body 26, the positive correlation steel sheet of distance between first clamping face 22 and the second clamping face 23 places the size of cavity 24, and the size that cavity 24 was placed to the steel sheet is also indirectly along with the difference of 5 size of bone and is carried out corresponding adjustment.

In the present embodiment, the first claw body 25 includes a plug board 251, and the second claw body 26 includes a plug slot 261 engaged with the plug board 251, and an abutting hole and an abutting bolt 262 engaged with the screw thread, the abutting hole is communicated with the plug slot 261. The inserting plate 251 of the first claw 25 is inserted into the inserting groove 261, and the fastening bolt 262 passes through the abutting hole to abut against the inserting plate 251, so as to fix the depth of the inserting plate 251 in the inserting groove 261. In use, the relative positions of the first and second claws 25 and 26 in the second direction F2 can be adjusted by adjusting the insertion depth of the insertion plate 251 in the insertion groove 261, so that the first clamping surface 22 can interfere with the upper right side of the bone 5. The arrangement of the first claw body 25 and the second claw body 26 with adjustable relative positions can improve the applicability of the bone holder, but it is noted that the arrangement is realized by paying time for nurses or doctors during operation, the arrangement has little meaning in areas with rich medical resources, and the arrangement can show the value of the technical scheme in areas with shortage of medical resources.

Referring to figure 6, in use, a conventional bone holder first increases the distance between the right side of a fixed jaw 12 and the left side of a moveable jaw. The clinician then places the bone 5 in the space between the right side of the stationary jaw 12 and the left side of the moveable jaw. Finally, the distance between the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side surface of the movable jaw is reduced by adjusting the knob 4 until the bone 5 is abutted, clamped and fixed with the fixed jaw 12, the moving rod 2 and the fixed rod 1. To facilitate placement of bone 5 between the right side of stationary jaw 12 and the left side of the moveable jaw, the clinician adjusts the distance between the two (corresponding to the size of the clamping cavity) to a distance much greater than the maximum dimension of bone 5. When the bone 5 is to be fixed by clamping, the distance between the two is required to be reduced. In reality, in order to achieve a fine operation of displacement between the fixed jaw 12 and the movable jaw, the thread accuracy of the threaded hole 131 in the driving step 13 is high. However, the rotation of the knob 4 is performed manually by a clinician, and the process of adjusting the distance between the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side surface of the movable jaw consumes dozens of or even dozens of seconds of time for the clinician, thereby increasing the operation time and simultaneously consuming the energy of the clinician.

The reason why the thread is provided with high accuracy is that: when the movable jaw of the moving rod 2 is immediately about to collide with the bone 5, it is required to make a gentle contact with the bone 5 in order to prevent the movable jaw from secondarily injuring the bone 5 due to a large force. To achieve this, the clinician operates to slow the speed at which the knob 4 is rotated at a reduced speed. The equipment is arranged and is realized through high-precision threads; however, when the movable jaw is far from the bone 5, the bone 5 is not damaged secondarily by the movable jaw, and the high-precision thread is set, so that the operation time is increased.

Based on this, referring to fig. 9 to 12, the driving rod 32 is provided in two stages in the length direction in the present application: the section near the drive ball 31 is a smooth shank section 321 with a smooth surface, and the section far from the drive ball 31 is a threaded shank section 322 which retains the original external threads. The threaded rod section 322 is in threaded engagement with the threaded hole 131, and the smooth rod section 321 is freely movable in the axial direction of the drive rod within the threaded hole 131.

When the threaded connection of the threaded rod section 322 with the threaded hole 131 is released, the smooth rod section 321 can move in the first direction F1 within the threaded hole 131.

Prior to use, threaded rod section 322 is rotated out of threaded bore 131 and the threaded connection of threaded rod section 322 with threaded bore 131 is released, with a portion of smooth rod section 321 positioned within threaded bore 131.

During fixing, because the smooth rod section 321 can freely move along the axial direction of the threaded hole 131, i.e. the first direction F1, the clinician can directly pull the driving rod 32 along the first direction F1 away from the fixed jaw 12 at a higher speed, the whole moving rod 2 is away from the fixed jaw 12 under the action of the driving rod 32, the distance between the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side surface of the movable jaw can be quickly adjusted to the maximum within a short time, and the clinician can conveniently place the bone 5 between the right side surface of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side surface of the movable jaw. Thereupon, the clinician pushes the drive rod 32 in the first direction F1 adjacent the holding jaw 12 at a faster rate until the threaded rod segment 322 interferes with the threaded aperture 131. At this time, the clinician rotates the knob 4, the driving rod 32 is in threaded fit with the threaded hole 131, the movable jaw approaches to the bone 5 at a slow speed until the bone 5 is abutted, clamped and fixed with the fixed jaw 12, the movable rod 2 and the fixed rod.

When the fixation is released, the clinician rotates knob 4 to move the moveable jaw away from bone 5 at a slower speed until threaded rod segment 322 is rotated out of threaded bore 131, at which point the clinician pulls actuator rod 32 to move the left side of the moveable jaw away from bone 5 at a faster speed, and the distance between the right side of fixed jaw 12 and the left side of the moveable jaw is rapidly adjusted to a maximum to facilitate the clinician's separation of the bone holder from bone 5.

The benefit of this kind of setting lies in, compare in traditional apparatus, this scheme has divided into two parts through screw rod section 322 and smooth rod section 321 with the regulation distance: the distance of the threaded rod section 322 is slowly adjusted, the distance of the smooth rod section 321 is quickly adjusted, and on the basis that the movable claws are kept not to generate secondary damage to the bone 5, the problem that the operation time of a traditional bone holder is prolonged due to high-precision threads is solved.

But this solution also creates another problem with respect to traditional bone holders: in order to freely move along the axial direction of the smooth rod segment 321 in the threaded hole 131, the diameter of the rod is usually slightly smaller than the diameter of the threaded hole 131, so that after the threaded rod segment is disengaged from the threaded hole 131, the entire driving rod 32 can shake, and it takes some time to perform alignment when the threaded rod is to be screwed into the threaded hole 131.

Based on this, in this embodiment, a guide hole 132 is formed in the driving step 13, the guide hole 132 is located between the threaded hole 131 and the moving rod 2 and is coaxially disposed with the threaded hole 131, and the size of the guide hole 132 is adapted to the rod diameter of the smooth rod section 321.

When referring to the fixation, the clinician pulls the actuating lever 32 in a direction away from the fixed jaw 12 at a relatively fast speed, and moves the rod 2, and particularly the moveable jaw on the rod, away from the fixed jaw 12 under the action of the actuating lever 32, the distance between the right side of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side of the moveable jaw may be adjusted to a maximum (e.g., the rod 2 abuts the actuation step 13) to facilitate the clinician's placement of the bone 5 between the right side of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side of the moveable jaw. In practice, however, adjusting the distance to the maximum also causes problems. Since the shaft body 11 of each model of bone holder is of a constant length, the clinician grasps the bone holder at a location between the moveable jaw and the actuation step 13. The distance between the right side of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side of the movable jaw is adjusted to the maximum, so that the part for a user to hold becomes small, which causes inconvenience in use. The purpose of increasing the distance between the right side of the fixed jaw 12 and the left side of the movable jaw is to facilitate the placement of the bone 5, and then a relative distance suitable for placing the bone 5 is designed according to the model of each bone holder (divided according to the size range of the bone 5), and the bone holder is pulled to the relative distance each time the bone holder is used. The introduction of the concept of relative distance creates a problem in that the user cannot easily pull to a standard position even if the relative distance is known.

In view of this, referring to fig. 9 to 12, in the present embodiment, an annular relief groove 323 is circumferentially provided on the smooth rod segment 321, and the fixed rod 1 is provided with a locking structure adapted to the relief groove 323 for locking and unlocking the relative position of the driving rod and the fixed rod.

When the threaded rod section 322 of the driving rod 32 is screwed out of the threaded hole 131, and the receding groove 323 on the smooth rod section 321 slides to the locking structure position on the fixed rod, which is matched with the receding groove 323, in the direction away from the fixed claw 12, the driving rod 32 is locked on the fixed rod 1 — the driving rod 32 and the fixed rod 1 are relatively fixed, defining that the position of the driving rod 32 at this time is the standard position set according to the relative distance. It should be noted that relative fixation at this time is understood that when a push-pull force greater than normal is applied to the drive rod 32, the smooth rod segment 321 may be released from relative fixation and continue to slide within the guide hole 132.

In this embodiment, the locking structure provided on the fixed bar to be engaged with the relief groove 323 includes a mounting hole 133 communicating with the guide hole 132, and a latch assembly provided in the mounting hole. Specifically, the snap assembly includes a snap ball 134, a compression spring 135, and a blocking bolt 136 threadedly coupled to the mounting hole 133. The snap ball 134 and the compression spring 135 are movably disposed in the mounting hole 133, and the compression spring is sandwiched between the snap ball and the stopper bolt. The area of communication between the mounting hole 133 and the guide hole 132 is smaller than the maximum sectional area of the detent ball 134. When the yielding groove 323 of the smooth rod section 321 slides to the position of the mounting hole 133, a part of the clamping ball 134 enters the threaded hole 131 to be clamped with the yielding groove 323 under the action of the elastic force of the pressure spring 135, and at the moment, a certain resistance is generated due to clamping, so that a clinician knows that a standard position is reached when sensing the resistance, and the balance between the holding distance when placing the bone 5 and the pulling distance of the moving rod 2 is realized. Furthermore, the moveable jaw is also fixed by the fixation of the drive rod 32, and the moveable jaw does not move along the length of the fixed jaw body 11 as the clinician is in the process of placing the bone 5 between the fixed jaw 12 and the moveable jaw. A large push-pull force may cause detent ball 134 to retract from relief groove 323 into mounting hole 133, unlocking the locking mechanism.

The overall structure of the driving rod 32 is thin in the middle and thick at both ends, and the presence of the guiding hole 132 prevents the driving rod 32 from being of an integral structure. Based on this, the driving rod 32 is provided with a two-step screw connection structure at the smooth rod section 321.

< example two >

Fig. 13 to 17 show a second embodiment of a bone holder according to the present application, which has a similar structure to the bone holder of the first embodiment, and can be understood with reference to the description of the first embodiment, and the differences between the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described below with emphasis on the description.

Referring to fig. 13 to 17, in the present embodiment, the relative fixation of the driving lever 32 and the fixed lever body 11 is achieved by:

an outward convex clamping ring 324 made of elastic materials is sleeved on the yielding groove 323 of the smooth rod section 321, an annular bayonet 137 matched with the clamping ring 324 is coaxially arranged at one end, far away from the threaded hole 131, of the guide hole 132, and the caliber of the annular bayonet is larger than the aperture of the guide hole 132. When the relief groove 323 on the smooth rod section 321 slides to the annular bayonet 137 position, the snap ring 324 on the relief groove 323 enters the annular bayonet 137 and is in interference fit with the annular bayonet to form relative fixation. At this time, if the driving lever continues to slide away from the fixed jaw 12, a large resistance is generated, and when the clinician feels the resistance, the standard position is known to be reached, and the balance between the holding distance when the bone 5 is placed and the pulling distance of the moving lever 2 is achieved.

The two-section type threaded connection structure of the driving rod 32 at the smooth rod section 321 is beneficial to the installation of the driving rod 32 on the bone holder, and simultaneously, the problem of installation and replacement of the clamping ring 324 in the embodiment is solved skillfully. Specifically, the elastic material used for the snap ring 324 is medical rubber. During practical use, medical instrument all can disinfect after using at every turn, and in repeated disinfection process, compare in the metal material of bone holder other parts, joint ring 324 that medical rubber made will age soon and lose efficacy and need change. However, the driving rod 32 with one end being the driving ball 31 and the other end being the threaded rod is not suitable for replacing the snap ring 324. The two-section threaded connection structure of the driving rod 32 at the smooth rod section 321 can allow the clamping ring 324 to be directly replaced from the smooth rod section 321 by only disassembling the driving rod 32 into two sections when the clamping ring 324 needs to be replaced

The above are exemplary embodiments of the present application only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A bone holder comprises a fixed rod, a movable rod and a manual driving piece, wherein the manual driving piece is used for driving the movable rod to move along a first direction relative to the fixed rod;

the movable claw is characterized by comprising a first clamping surface, a second clamping surface and a steel plate placing cavity, the fixed claw comprises a third clamping surface, the first clamping surface, the second clamping surface and the third clamping surface are all cavity wall surfaces of the clamping cavity, the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface are arranged at intervals in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the steel plate placing cavity is formed by being arranged between the first clamping surface and the second clamping surface, communicated with the clamping cavity and inwards recessed from the cavity wall of the clamping cavity along the first direction far away from the fixed claw;

the fixed rod comprises a fixed rod body, the fixed claw is integrally arranged at a first end of the fixed rod body, the first clamping surface is farther away from the first end than the second clamping surface in the second direction, and the clamping force given to the bone by the first clamping surface is directed to the third clamping surface and also directed to the first end;

the clamping force given to the bone by the second clamping surface is directed to the third clamping surface and is also back to the first end, and the first clamping surface is set to be a fixed point with a round angle.

2. A bone holder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moveable jaw comprises first and second jaw bodies interconnected and adjustable in relative position in the second direction, the first clamping surface being on the first jaw body and the second clamping surface being on the second jaw body, the steel plate receiving cavity being formed between the first and second jaw bodies, and the size of the steel plate receiving cavity being adjustable by adjusting the relative position of the first and second jaw bodies in the second direction.

3. The bone holder of claim 2, wherein the first jaw includes a socket plate, the second jaw includes a socket slot engaged with the socket plate, and an abutting hole and an abutting bolt engaged with a thread, the abutting hole is communicated with the socket slot, and the abutting bolt passes through the abutting hole to abut against the socket plate.

4. The bone holder of claim 1, wherein a width dimension of the steel plate placement cavity in the second direction gradually increases along the first direction away from the fixation jaw.

5. The bone holder according to claim 4, wherein the stationary bar comprises a threaded bore extending in the first direction, the movable bar comprises a drive slot, the manual drive element comprises a drive rod that passes through the threaded bore, and a drive ball fixed to one end of the drive rod and rotatably disposed in the drive slot, the drive rod comprises a threaded bar section distal to the drive ball and adapted to the threaded bore, and a smooth bar section proximal to the drive ball, the smooth bar section being movable within the threaded bore in an axial direction of the drive rod.

6. A bone holder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stationary bar includes a guide bore disposed coaxially with the threaded bore, the guide bore being located between the threaded bore and the movable bar, the guide bore having a bore diameter adapted to the diameter of the smooth bar segment, the smooth bar segment being movable in a first direction within the threaded bore when the threaded connection of the threaded bar segment to the threaded bore is released.

7. A bone holder as claimed in claim 6, wherein the smooth rod segments are circumferentially provided with an annular relief groove, and the fixed rod comprises a locking formation adapted to fit into the relief groove for locking and unlocking the relative position of the drive rod and the fixed rod.

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