CN113949478B - Non-coherent interference elimination method based on wireless beam modulation - Google Patents
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- H04J11/004—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference at the receiver using regenerative subtractive interference cancellation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless beam modulation-based interference-free elimination method, which relates to the technical field of communication of the Internet of things and comprises the steps that a system switches and sends a millimeter wave beam to be modulated according to information bits of a sent data frame, the millimeter wave beam is made to propagate along different paths in a channel, the beam modulation is completed in the process of channel propagation, multi-user interference amount is estimated according to a lead code in the data frame, interference elimination is carried out according to the multi-user interference amount, the problem of multi-user interference in an amplitude modulation system is effectively solved, interference estimation is carried out by establishing a correlation matrix, all nodes of the Internet of things can simultaneously transmit the lead code and data without time sharing sending, an unauthorized access mode can be supported, the robustness of the system is improved, communication resources are saved, and compromise between error rate performance and algorithm complexity is realized by combining an exhaustive search and an iterative elimination algorithm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication of the Internet of things, in particular to a coherent interference elimination method based on wireless beam modulation.
Background
The sixth generation of communication is intended to support mass-connected internet of things (IOT) devices, which puts higher demands on low-latency, low-power consumption, and low-cost communication systems. However, communication systems operating in the crowded sub-6GHz band are still far away from providing high data rate transmission services in the future. Although millimeter wave based communication is likely to solve this problem by providing higher transmission bandwidths, which provides gigabit per second transmission, and beamforming techniques to overcome the problem of high path loss.
However, hybrid beamforming transmissions still require high power overload, especially for internet of things devices. To further reduce the hardware cost and complexity of millimeter wave systems based on hybrid beamforming, xianghao Y u et al work in "A hardware-efficient network structure for hybrid coding in millimetwave systems" proposed a hardware-elegant analog network release that requires a small number of phase shifters. A two-stage analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is then proposed that supports down to three-bit quantization of the ADC. Work by Pascal Bursa et al in "Low-power injection locked zero-if self-oscillating mixer for high bit/s data-rate base-free active μ rf tag at millimeter-wave frequencies in 65-nm cmos" improved circuit technology to increase or decrease power and cost consumption. Because the method still needs a radio frequency (RE) chain circuit, the energy consumption and hardware cost of the present millimeter wave system still far exceed the requirements of the application of the internet of things.
The advent of wireless modulation (OTAM) based millimeter wave communications has provided a new perspective to solve expensive hardware problems. Based on the difference in path loss propagation, decoding can be performed by monitoring the amplitude of the signal. In OTAM, the nodes communicate with the reception using amplitude shift keying modulation. Due to its simplicity, this modulation scheme provides a simple, low power architecture suitable for internet of things applications. OTMA based systems require only simple hardware, namely a voltage controlled oscillator and a single pole double throw switch for transmission. Therefore, OTMA enables the third-cost millimeter wave transmission through RF chain circuits that avoid power consumption, which is considered as a promising technology for future high data rate internet of things uplink transmission. To further improve Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) efficiency, OTAM-based Wireless Beam Modulation (WBM) has been proposed. A key improvement of the WBM scheme is the use of a hybrid antenna array in place of the receiving omni-directional antenna in the OTAM scheme. In this way, the WBM may create multiple beams with specific directions to align the various IOT nodes. WBM has significant advantages over OTMA-based platforms in terms of energy efficiency, spectral efficiency and transmission bit rate. Compared with MiRa based on millimeter waves, WBM can also realize lower energy consumption and cost, and is suitable for practical massive Internet of things systems. WBMs can be deployed without a shifter array and complex signal processing (e.g., channel estimation). Both OTAM and WBM utilize pathway propagation differences for transmission, require energy detection and no phase information. However, since OTAM-based transmission is energy-based detection, without phase information, interference cancellation will become a major challenge for phase-less receivers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of multi-user interference in the prior art, and provides a non-coherent interference elimination method based on wireless beam modulation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a coherent interference elimination method based on wireless beam modulation comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a data vector received by a group of antennas of a receiving end in real time, and right-multiplying a matrix formed by a lead code of a sending end and a negative result of the lead code of the sending end by a multi-user interference vector to be estimated to establish a linear equation;
s2: obtaining multi-user interference vectors of each transmitting node received by a group of antennas of the receiving end according to the energy information of beam alignment;
s3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the multi-user interference of each transmitting node received by each group of antennas of the receiving end is solved;
s4: sorting the energy differences received by each group of antennas of the receiving end from small to large, and determining a decision threshold;
s5: exhausting all possible decoding results for the multiple groups of antennas with the energy difference smaller than the preset threshold;
s6: decoding the energy difference received by each group of antennas remaining in the step S5 according to the decision threshold, and performing iterative elimination on the energy difference;
s7: and determining a decoding result according to the energy difference.
By adopting the technical scheme, the system is only required to switch and send the millimeter wave beams into modulated millimeter wave beams according to the information bits of the sent data frames, the millimeter wave beams are made to propagate along different paths in a channel, the beam modulation is completed in the process of channel propagation, multi-user interference energy is estimated according to the lead codes in the data frames, and interference elimination is carried out according to the multi-user interference energy, so that the problem of multi-user interference in an amplitude modulation system is effectively solved, interference estimation is carried out by establishing a correlation matrix, all nodes of the internet of things can simultaneously transmit the lead codes and data without time-sharing sending, an unauthorized access mode can be supported, the robustness of the system is improved, communication resources are saved, and compromise between the error rate performance and the algorithm complexity is realized by combining an exhaustive search algorithm and an iterative elimination algorithm.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the multi-user interference vector is a vector formed by the multi-user interference at each transmitting end received by the group of antennas.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the preamble and the negation matrix of the transmitting end are:
D＝[B 1 ，1-B 1 ，…，B K 1-B K ] s×2K
D sending end lead code and matrix formed by negating the sending end lead code, B K A binary preamble sequence transmitted for a kth internet of things node.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the linear equation is:
wherein,
beam y for the jth receive antenna of the receiving end j A vector consisting of the received multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end,
for receiving the j-th group of receiving antennas j And receiving the data vector at each moment.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 further includes determining a beam y for a jth group of receiving antennas of the receiving end according to the performance of the millimeter wave communication system j And in the received vector consisting of the multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end, the error rate is lower than the amount of a preset threshold value and is set to be zero, and a plurality of amounts which have weak influence on the error rate performance are repeatedly determined until the equation can be solved, so that the multi-user interference vector is obtained.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the step S4 further includes: the energy difference delta E of each group of antennas of the receiving end is obtained by the difference between the energy difference delta E of each group of receiving antennas of the receiving end and the energy difference delta E of each group of receiving antennas of the receiving end, the energy difference delta E of each group of receiving antennas of the receiving end is received by the corresponding internet of things node, the difference between the corresponding receiving end beam 1 and the beam 0 is obtained by the difference between the corresponding receiving end beam 1 and the beam 0 and the energy difference delta E of the corresponding internet of things node, and the judgment threshold T is the average value of the energy difference of the receiving end received by the signals of the beam 1 and the beam 0.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step S5 further includes selecting nodes with smaller energy difference of the preamble sequence in real time, and traversing all possible transmission results for each node, since each node of the internet of things has two possible transmission beams, and the total combination of the beam 0 and the beam 1, n nodes has 2 n Different cases are used to exhaust all possible decoding results, for each case the received energy of each receiving node at the corresponding time instant minus the energy of the combination of these sequences, respectively
For the interference of the first Internet of things node on each group of receiving antennas, R is a vector formed by signal energy received by each group of antennas at the receiving end at the moment and R is a vector formed by different wave beams of each group of antennas i Is a vector formed by the energy received by each group of antennas after the subtraction of the poor search in the ith case, wherein the subtraction of the poor search is performedThe subtraction is performed for all possibilities.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the step S6 further includes selecting a node with the largest energy difference among the remaining nodes to perform decoding according to a decision threshold, subtracting the multi-user interference of the node from the energy of each group of receiving antennas, and repeating the process until all the nodes are decoded
And forming a vector by the energy difference values after iterative interference elimination.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the step S7 further includes selecting a combination that minimizes the energy difference of each group of receiving antennas as a decoding result
x i I ∈ {1,2, \8230;, K } is the result of decoding by the ith transmitting node.
By adopting the technical scheme, the algorithm processes data at the receiving side, provides service for a plurality of nodes of the internet of things with limited energy, and keeps high energy efficiency of the wireless beam modulation millimeter wave communication system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method only needs the system to switch and send the unmodulated millimeter wave beam according to the information bit of the data frame to be sent, and the millimeter wave beam is propagated along different paths in the channel, and the beam modulation is completed in the channel propagation process; and estimating the energy of multi-user interference according to the lead code in the data frame so as to eliminate the interference, thereby effectively solving the problem of multi-user interference in an amplitude modulation system.
2. According to the method, interference estimation is carried out by establishing the correlation matrix, all nodes of the Internet of things can transmit the lead codes and the data at the same time without time-sharing transmission, so that an unauthorized access mode can be supported, the robustness of a system is improved, and communication resources are saved.
3. The method realizes compromise between the error rate performance and the algorithm complexity by combining the exhaustive search and the iterative elimination algorithm.
4. The method processes data at a receiving side, provides service for a plurality of nodes of the Internet of things with limited energy sources, and keeps high energy efficiency of the wireless beam modulation millimeter wave communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for coherent-interference-free cancellation based on wireless beam modulation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for interference-free cancellation based on wireless beam modulation includes the following steps:
s1: selecting a data vector received by a group of antennas of a receiving end in real time, and right-multiplying a matrix formed by a lead code of a sending end and a negative result of the lead code of the sending end by a multi-user interference vector to be estimated to establish a linear equation;
specifically, the linear equation is established as
The matrix formed by negating the sending end lead code is D = [ B ] 1 ，1-B 1 ，…，B K ，1-B K ] s×2K In which B is K A binary preamble sequence transmitted by a kth internet-of-things node, D is a matrix formed by a transmitting end preamble and the inverse of the transmitting end preamble,
for receiving the j-th group of receiving antennas j A vector consisting of the received multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end,
beam y for the jth receive antenna of the receiving end j The received data vectors at each time.
S2: obtaining a multi-user interference vector of each transmitting node received by a group of antennas of the receiving end according to the energy information of the beam alignment;
determining the beam y for the jth group of receiving antennas of the receiving end according to the performance of the millimeter wave communication system j And in the received vector consisting of the multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end, the error rate is lower than the amount of a preset threshold value and is set to be zero, and a plurality of amounts which have weak influence on the error rate performance are repeatedly determined until the equation can be solved, so that the approximate solution of the multi-user interference is obtained.
Specifically, when the beams between the receiving end node and the IoT node are not aligned, the interference between the two beams between the two nodes is small, and therefore, the interference is estimated to be zero to obtain an approximate solution.
S3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the multi-user interference of each transmitting node received by each group of antennas of the receiving end is solved;
s4: sorting the energy differences received by each group of antennas of the receiving end from small to large, and determining a decision threshold;
specifically, the energy difference Δ E between each group of antennas at the receiving end is obtained by taking the difference between the beam 1 at the receiving end and the beam 0 at the receiving end, and the difference between the beam 1 at the receiving end and the beam 0 at the receiving end, where the decision threshold T is the average value of the energy difference received by the receiving end with the beam 1 and the beam 0 signals.
S5: the method comprises the steps that all possible decoding results of a plurality of groups of antennas with energy differences smaller than a preset threshold value are exhausted;
specifically, for each moment, selecting nodes with smaller energy difference of the preamble sequence, and traversing all possible transmission results for each node, wherein each internet of things node has two possible transmission beams, and the total combination of the beam 0 and the beam 1, n nodes is 2 n Different cases are used to exhaust all possible decoding results, for each case the received energy of each receiving node at the corresponding time instant minus the energy of the combination of these sequences, respectively
The interference of each group of receiving antennas is caused by the node of the first Internet of things, and R is different wave beams of each group of antennas of the receiving end at the momentVector of received signal energies, R i Which is a vector formed by the received energy of each group of antennas after the subtraction of the poor search in the ith case.
S6: decoding the receiving energy difference of each group of antennas left in the step S5 according to the judgment threshold, and carrying out iterative elimination on the energy difference;
specifically, the node with the largest energy difference in the remaining nodes is selected to decode according to a decision threshold, the multi-user interference of the node is subtracted from the energy of each group of receiving antennas, and the process is repeated until all the nodes are decoded
And forming a vector by the energy difference values after iterative interference elimination.
S7: determining a decoding result according to the energy difference;
in particular, the combination that minimizes said energy difference for each group of receiving antennas is selected as the decoding result
x i I ∈ {1,2, \8230;, K } is the result of decoding by the ith transmitting node.
By adopting the technical scheme, the system is only required to switch and send the millimeter wave beams into modulated millimeter wave beams according to the information bits of the sent data frames, the millimeter wave beams are made to propagate along different paths in a channel, the beam modulation is completed in the process of propagating the channel, multi-user interference energy is estimated according to the lead codes in the data frames, and interference elimination is performed according to the multi-user interference energy, so that the problem of multi-user interference in an amplitude modulation system is effectively solved, interference estimation is performed by establishing a correlation matrix, all nodes of the internet of things can simultaneously transmit the lead codes and data without time-sharing transmission, an unauthorized access mode can be supported, the robustness of the system is improved, communication resources are saved, compromise between error rate performance and algorithm complexity is realized by combining an algorithm of exhaustive search and iterative elimination, the algorithm processes the data at the SP side, provides service for a plurality of nodes with energy limitation, and high energy efficiency of the wireless beam modulation millimeter wave communication system is maintained.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A coherent interference elimination method based on wireless beam modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a data vector received by a group of antennas of a receiving end in real time, and right-multiplying a matrix formed by a lead code of a sending end and the negation of the lead code of the sending end by a multi-user interference vector to be estimated to establish a linear equation, wherein the matrix formed by the lead code of the sending end and the negation of the lead code of the sending end is as follows:
D＝[B 1 ，1-B 1 ，…，B K ，1-B K ] s×2K
wherein D is a sending end lead code and a matrix formed by negating the sending end lead code, B K A binary preamble sequence transmitted for a kth internet of things node;
s2: obtaining a multi-user interference vector of each transmitting node received by a group of antennas of the receiving end according to the energy information of the beam alignment;
s3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the multi-user interference of each transmitting node received by each group of antennas of the receiving end is solved;
s4: sorting energy differences received by each group of antennas of the receiving end from small to large, and determining a decision threshold, wherein the energy differences of each group of antennas of the receiving end are obtained by taking the energy difference between a corresponding receiving end beam 1 and a corresponding beam 0 when each group of receiving antennas of the receiving end receives a corresponding Internet of things node to send the beam 1 and the energy difference between the corresponding receiving end beam 1 and the corresponding beam 0 when the corresponding Internet of things node sends the beam 0, and the decision threshold is an average value of the energy differences received by the receiving end by using the beam 1 and the beam 0 signals;
s5: exhausting all decoding results of the multiple groups of antennas with the energy difference smaller than a preset threshold value;
s6: decoding the energy difference received by each group of antennas remaining in the step S5 according to the decision threshold, and performing iterative elimination on the energy difference;
s7: and determining a decoding result according to the energy difference.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multi-user interference vector is a vector formed by multi-user interference at each transmitting end received by the group of antennas.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the linear equation is:
wherein,
beam y for the jth receive antenna of the receiving end j A vector formed by the received multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end,
for receiving the j-th group of receiving antennas j And receiving the data vector at each moment.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises determining the beam y for the jth receiving antenna of the receiving end according to the performance of the millimeter wave communication system j The error rate of the received vector formed by the multi-user interference transmitted by each transmitting end is lower than the pre-error rateSetting the threshold quantity to be zero, and repeatedly determining a plurality of quantities with the error rates lower than the preset threshold value until the linear equation can be solved, thereby obtaining the multi-user interference vector.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 further includes selecting nodes with preamble sequence energy difference smaller than a preset threshold in real time, and traversing all the transmission results for each node, and since each internet of things node has two transmission beams, the total combination of beam 0 and beam 1, n nodes has different conditions to exhaust all the decoding results, and for each condition, the energy of the sequence combinations is subtracted from the received energy of each receiving node at the corresponding time
The interference of the first Internet of things node on each group of receiving antennas, R is a vector formed by signal energy received by different wave beams of each group of antennas at the receiving end at the moment, and R is i Which is a vector formed by the received energy of each group of antennas after subtraction by poor search in the ith case.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S6 further comprises selecting the node with the largest energy difference among the remaining nodes to decode according to a decision threshold, subtracting the multi-user interference of the node from the energy of each group of receiving antennas, and repeating the process until all the nodes are decoded
To be subjected to iterative interference cancellationVector composed of the magnitude difference values.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S7 further comprises selecting a combination that minimizes the energy difference of each group of receiving antennas as the decoding result
x i I ∈ {1,2, \8230;, K } is the result of decoding by the ith transmitting node.
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