CN113949274A - Multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit - Google Patents

Multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113949274A
CN113949274A CN202111127921.0A CN202111127921A CN113949274A CN 113949274 A CN113949274 A CN 113949274A CN 202111127921 A CN202111127921 A CN 202111127921A CN 113949274 A CN113949274 A CN 113949274A
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diode
capacitor
transformer
anode
cathode
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CN113949274B (en
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杨益平
陈怡�
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Hangzhou Yunshi Iot Technology Co ltd
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Hangzhou Yunshi Iot Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit comprises transformers T1-Tn, switches S1-Sn, diodes D1 a-Dna, diodes D1 b-Dnb, diodes D1 c-Dnc, inductors L1-Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, wherein the value range of n is an integer larger than 1. The inductors L1 to Ln and the capacitor Cs in a star-like connection mode are adopted to cooperate with the transformers T1 to Tn to realize energy coupling among multiple inputs, so that the utilization rate of the transformers is improved; the switch can support the connection and disconnection of a direct current voltage source by changing the working state of the switch.

Description

Multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a DC-DC converter circuit, and more particularly, to a multi-input DC-DC converter circuit.
Background
The new energy technology includes comprehensive utilization of various energy sources, and a multi-input DC-DC (direct current to direct current) conversion circuit is an important component of the multi-energy comprehensive utilization device. For the case of multiple inputs, the most common practice today is: a plurality of independent single-input single-output DC-DC conversion circuits are adopted to form a single-phase multiple circuit, namely, the input ends are kept independent and the output ends are connected in parallel.
The single-phase multiple circuit has simple structure, and because each sub-circuit works independently, the whole circuit and the sub-circuits only present a simple superposition relationship. In order to improve the performance of the conventional multi-input DC-DC conversion circuit, the possibility of more effective relations between the whole circuit and the sub-circuits can be further excavated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the whole single-phase multiple circuit and the sub-circuit only present a simple superposition relationship, the invention provides a DC-DC conversion circuit with multiple input ports, and the whole circuit and the sub-circuit present a complex relationship, which is beneficial to fully utilizing energy of each path.
The multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises transformers T1 to Tn, switches S1 to Sn, diodes D1a to Dna, diodes D1b to Dnb, diodes D1c to Dnc, inductors L1 to Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, wherein the value range of n is an integer larger than 1.
The first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the positive end of a direct-current voltage source Vij, the second end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the first end of a switch Sj, the second end of the switch Sj is connected with the negative end of the direct-current voltage source Vij, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the anode of a diode Dja, the cathode of a diode Dja is simultaneously connected with the first end of a capacitor Co and the first end of a load, the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the cathode of a diode Djb, the anode of a diode Djb is simultaneously connected with the second end of the capacitor Co and the second end of the load, the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj are in a homonymous end relationship, and the value range of j is 1-n.
The inductors L1 to Ln and the capacitor Cs may be connected in a star-like manner, and energy coupling between multiple inputs may be achieved in cooperation with the transformers T1 to Tn.
Preferably, the anode of the diode Djc is connected to the anode of the diode Djb, the cathode of the diode Djc is connected to the anode of the diode Dja, the first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to the second terminal of the secondary side Tj, the second terminals of the inductors L1 to Ln are connected to the first terminal of the capacitor Cs, and the second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor Co or the second terminal of the capacitor Co.
In another preferred embodiment, the anode of the diode Djc is connected to the cathode of the diode Djb, the cathode of the diode Djc is connected to the cathode of the diode Dja, the first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to the first terminal of the secondary side of the transformer Tj, the second terminals of the inductors L1 to Ln are all connected to the first terminal of the capacitor Cs, and the second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to either the first terminal of the capacitor Co or the second terminal of the capacitor Co.
In order to overcome the influence of leakage inductance of the transformer Tj, a buffer branch j can be connected in parallel on the primary side of the transformer Tj, the terminal voltage of the switch Sj is restrained, and the function of protecting the switch Sj is achieved. The buffer branch j may include a diode, a TVS (transient diode), a resistor, a capacitor, and the like.
The direct-current voltage sources Vi1 to Vin can be a direct-current power generation system (such as photovoltaic power generation) or a direct-current energy storage system (such as battery energy storage), or can be an alternating-current power generation system (such as wind power generation, photo-thermal power generation, tidal power generation and the like) or an alternating-current energy storage system (such as flywheel energy storage) cascaded rectification circuit.
The driving signals vg1 to vgn of the switches S1 to Sn may be synchronous or asynchronous (e.g., staggered and asynchronous).
The parameters of the transformers T1 to Tn allow for differences, such as: the primary and secondary side excitation inductances are not completely the same.
The switches S1-Sn can be selected from MOSFETs, IGBTs, BJTs, etc.
One or more of the diodes D1a to Dna, D1b to Dnb, and D1c to Dnc may be replaced by synchronous rectifier MOSFETs.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, which comprises a first conversion unit connected to a first direct-current voltage source, a second conversion unit connected to a second direct-current voltage source, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel with a load. The first inductor, the second inductor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are all provided with a first end and a second end. The first transform unit and the second transform unit each include: a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein a first end of the primary side is connected to a first end of a corresponding DC voltage source; the switch is provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the switch is connected with the second end of the primary side of the transformer, and the second end of the switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding direct-current voltage source; the first diode is provided with an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor; a second diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer; and a third diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the second diode and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the first diode. Wherein: the first end of the first inductor is connected with the second end of the secondary side of the transformer in the first conversion unit, the first end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the secondary side of the transformer in the second conversion unit, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the second ends of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor or connected with the second end of the second capacitor.
The embodiment of the invention further provides a multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, which comprises a first conversion unit connected to a first direct-current voltage source, a second conversion unit connected to a second direct-current voltage source, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel with a load. The first inductor, the second inductor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are all provided with a first end and a second end. The first transform unit and the second transform unit each include: a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein a first end of the primary side is connected to a first end of a corresponding DC voltage source; the switch is provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the switch is connected with the second end of the primary side of the transformer, and the second end of the switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding direct-current voltage source; the first diode is provided with an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor; a second diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer; and a third diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode. Wherein: the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer in the first conversion unit, the first end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer in the second conversion unit, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the second ends of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor or the second end of the second capacitor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: in the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, the inductors and the capacitors which are similar to a star connection mode are adopted to cooperate with the transformers T1 to Tn to realize energy coupling among multiple inputs, and the utilization rate of the transformers is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a steady state simulation waveform diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention in the state of synchronization of the switch driving signals when the dc voltage source is fully connected.
Fig. 6 is a steady state simulation waveform diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal when the dc voltage source is fully connected.
Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of dynamic simulation in embodiment 1 of the present invention when the dc voltage source is connected in/out in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal.
Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of dynamic simulation in embodiment 2 of the present invention when the dc voltage source is connected in/out in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal.
Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of dynamic simulation in embodiment 3 of the present invention when the dc voltage source is connected in/out in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal.
Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of dynamic simulation in embodiment 4 of the present invention when the dc voltage source is connected in/out in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present.
The invention provides a DC-DC conversion circuit with multiple input ports, which supports multiple input paths and can realize partial coupling of energy of each path. Compared with a single-phase multi-circuit in the prior art, the invention utilizes the characteristic of electrical isolation of the transformer to realize partial coupling of energy of each path on the secondary side of the transformer, is beneficial to expanding the variety of the multi-input DC-DC conversion circuit and improving the performance of the multi-input DC-DC conversion circuit.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit includes transformers T1 to Tn, switches S1 to Sn, diodes D1a to Dna, diodes D1b to Dnb, diodes D1c to Dnc, inductors L1 to Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, where n is an integer greater than 1.
The positive end of the direct-current voltage source Vij is connected with the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj, the second end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the first end of the switch Sj, the second end of the switch Sj is connected with the negative end of the direct-current voltage source Vij, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the anode of the diode Dja, the cathode of the diode Dja is connected with the first end of the capacitor Co and the first end of the load at the same time, the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the cathode of the diode Djb, the anode of the diode Djb is connected with the second end of the capacitor Co and the second end of the load at the same time, the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj are in the same name end relationship, and the value range of j is 1-n.
An anode of the diode Djc is connected to an anode of the diode Djb, a cathode of the diode Djc is connected to an anode of the diode Dja, a first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to a second terminal of the secondary side Tj, second terminals of the inductors L1 to Ln are connected to a first terminal of the capacitor Cs, and a second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor Co.
When the switch Sj is normally open (or normally closed), the direct-current voltage source Vij is connected out; when the switch Sj is periodically turned on/off (or periodically turned on/off), the dc voltage source Vij is connected.
In order to overcome the influence of leakage inductance of the transformer Tj, the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the buffer branch j in parallel, the terminal voltage of the switch Sj is restrained, and the function of protecting the switch Sj is achieved. The buffer branch j may include a diode, a TVS (transient diode), a resistor, a capacitor, and the like.
The direct-current voltage sources Vi1 to Vin can be a direct-current power generation system (such as photovoltaic power generation) or a direct-current energy storage system (such as battery energy storage), or can be an alternating-current power generation system (such as wind power generation, photo-thermal power generation, tidal power generation and the like) or an alternating-current energy storage system (such as flywheel energy storage) cascaded rectification circuit.
The driving signals vg1 to vgn of the switches S1 to Sn may be synchronous or asynchronous (e.g., staggered and asynchronous).
The parameters of the transformers T1 to Tn allow for differences, such as: the primary and secondary side excitation inductances are not completely the same.
The switches S1 to Sn may be MOSFETs, or may be other suitable controllable switching devices, such as IGBTs, BJTs, etc.
The transformer Tj, the switch Sj, the diodes Dja, Djb, and Djc may be regarded as one conversion unit, and the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention includes n conversion units, n inductors, capacitors Cs and Co. The expansion of the number of input ports can be realized only by increasing the number of the conversion units and the inductors. The inductors L1 to Ln and the capacitor Cs are connected in a star-like manner, and the transformers T1 to Tn in the transformation unit are cooperated to realize energy coupling among multiple inputs.
For the convenience of understanding and simplification, assuming that Vi1 is … -Tn, T1 is … -Tn, and L1 is … -Ln, and each component is ideal, a typical operating state and a circuit portion related to Vi1, S1, T1, D1a, D1b, D1c, and L1 are selected to perform steady-state operating principle analysis in a Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM).
(1) Full access of DC voltage source
The capacitor Cs is used to balance the currents iL1 to iLn of L1 to Ln, and couple the energy of each input, and the terminal voltage vs is less than 0 in steady state. A typical operating state is as follows:
stage 1: s1 is conducted, D1b is cut off, Vi1 outputs force, Vi1, the primary side of T1 and S1 form a loop, and the excitation inductor on the primary side of T1 stores energy. If iL1<0, L1, T1 secondary, D1a, Cs form another loop, | iL1| decreases, L1 releases energy to T1 and Cs; if iL1>0, L1, Cs, Co, load, D1c, T1 secondary constitute another loop, iL1 increases, Vi1, through T1, combines Cs to discharge energy to L1, Co and load.
And (2) stage: s1 is cut off, D1b is conducted, Vi1 stops exerting force, the secondary side of T1, D1a, Co, load and D1b form a loop, and excitation inductance of the secondary side of T1 releases energy to Co and the load. If iL1>0, L1, Cs, Co, load, D1b make up another loop, iL1 decreases, L1 and Cs release energy to Co and load; if iL1<0, L1, T1 minor, D1a, Cs form another loop, | iL1| increases, T1 releases energy to L1 and Cs.
In the 2 working stages, the secondary side of the T1 participates in the work, and the utilization rate of the T1 is high.
In addition, whether the driving signals vg1 to vgn of the switches S1 to Sn are synchronous (or asynchronous) or not may have an influence on the ripples of the voltages vs and Vo at the terminals Cs and Co.
(2) A DC voltage source is partially connected out
Let vgj be 0 and Sj be off constantly, assuming that Vij is connected out. The part of the circuit associated with Vij, including Lj, will no longer be involved in operation, while the rest of the circuit remains in operation. The working state of the partial access is similar to that of the full access, and the description is omitted.
Taking n-3, Vi 1-Vi 2-Vi 3-48V, and load-50 Ω; parameters from T1 to T3 are the same, a primary side excitation inductance Lmpj of Tj is 500 mu H, Tj, a secondary side excitation inductance Lmsj is 2mH, the coupling coefficient of Tj is 0.99, and the value range of j is 1 to 3; l1 ═ L2 ═ L3 ═ 300 μ H; cs ═ 1 μ F; the frequency of the switch driving signals vg 1-vg 3 is 100kHz and the duty ratio is 0.5.
Then, the synchronous state of the switch driving signal is vg1 vg2 vg 3; the asynchronous states of the switch driving signals are vg1, vg2 and vg3, and the phases are delayed by 2 pi/3 in sequence. Fig. 5 is a steady state simulation waveform diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention in the state of synchronization of the switch driving signals when the dc voltage source is fully connected. Fig. 6 is a steady state simulation waveform diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal when the dc voltage source is fully connected. Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of dynamic simulation of embodiment 1 of the present invention when the dc voltage source Vi3 is connected in/out in the asynchronous state of the switch driving signal.
From the simulation results shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the working states of the switch driving signals in the case of full access are similar to those in the case of asynchronous switching, the secondary side of the transformer participates in the work in the whole working period, and the utilization rate is high. As can be seen from the simulation results shown in fig. 7, embodiment 1 of the present invention supports the connection/disconnection of a dc voltage source.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit includes transformers T1 to Tn, switches S1 to Sn, diodes D1a to Dna, diodes D1b to Dnb, diodes D1c to Dnc, inductors L1 to Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, where n is an integer greater than 1. The structure is the same as that of embodiment 1 except that the second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor Co and is not connected to the first terminal of the capacitor Co.
The working principle of embodiment 2 is similar to that of embodiment 1. However, the terminal voltage vs of the capacitor Cs in the steady state is >0 (as shown in fig. 8, n is 3, and only Vi3 is connected in/out). A typical operating state is as follows:
stage 1: s1 is conducted, D1b is cut off, Vi1 outputs force, Vi1, the primary side of T1 and S1 form a loop, and the excitation inductor on the primary side of T1 stores energy. If iL1<0, L1, T1 secondary, D1a, Co, load, Cs form another loop, | iL1| decreases, L1 and Cs release energy to T1, Co and load; if iL1>0, the secondary side of L1, Cs, D1c, T1 constitutes another loop, iL1 increases, Vi1 releases energy to L1 and Cs through T1.
And (2) stage: s1 is cut off, D1b is conducted, Vi1 stops exerting force, the secondary side of T1, D1a, Co, load and D1b form a loop, and excitation inductance of the secondary side of T1 releases energy to Co and the load. If iL1>0, L1, Cs, D1b form another loop, iL1 decreases, L1 releases energy to Cs; if iL1<0, L1, T1 secondary, D1a, Co, load, Cs form another loop, | iL1| increases, T1 and Cs release energy to L1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, a multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit includes transformers T1 to Tn, switches S1 to Sn, diodes D1a to Dna, diodes D1b to Dnb, diodes D1c to Dnc, inductors L1 to Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, where n is an integer greater than 1.
The anode of the diode Djc is connected to the cathode of the diode Djb, the cathode of the diode Djc is connected to the cathode of the diode Dja, the first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to the first terminal of the secondary side of Tj (j has a value in the range of 1 to n), and the rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 1.
The working principle of embodiment 3 is similar to that of embodiment 1, and includes that the terminal voltage vs of the capacitor Cs in the steady state is <0 (as shown in fig. 9, n is taken to be 3, and only Vi3 is connected in/out). A typical operating state is as follows:
stage 1: s1 is conducted, D1a is cut off, Vi1 outputs force, Vi1, the primary side of T1 and S1 form a loop, and the excitation inductor on the primary side of T1 stores energy. If iL1 is greater than 0, the secondary sides of L1, Cs, Co, load, D1b and T1 form another loop, iL1 is reduced, and L1 and Cs release energy to T1, Co and load; if iL1<0, L1, T1 secondary, D1c, Cs form another loop, | iL1| increases, Vi1 releases energy to L1 and Cs through T1.
And (2) stage: s1 is cut off, D1a is conducted, Vi1 stops exerting force, the secondary side of T1, D1a, Co, load and D1b form a loop, and excitation inductance of the secondary side of T1 releases energy to Co and the load. If iL1<0, L1, D1a, Cs form another loop, | iL1| decreases, L1 releases energy to Cs; if iL1>0, L1, Cs, Co, load, D1b, T1 minor constitute another loop, iL1 increases and T1 and Cs release energy to L1, Co and load.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 4, a multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit includes transformers T1 to Tn, switches S1 to Sn, diodes D1a to Dna, diodes D1b to Dnb, diodes D1c to Dnc, inductors L1 to Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, where n is an integer greater than 1. The structure is the same as that of embodiment 3 except that the second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor Co.
The working principle of embodiment 4 is similar to that of embodiment 3. However, the terminal voltage vs of the capacitor Cs in the steady state is >0 (as shown in fig. 10, n is 3, and only Vi3 is connected in/out). A typical operating state is as follows:
stage 1: s1 is conducted, D1a is cut off, Vi1 outputs force, Vi1, the primary side of T1 and S1 form a loop, and the excitation inductor on the primary side of T1 stores energy. If iL1>0, the secondary side of L1, Cs, D1b, T1 form another loop, iL1 decreases, L1 energizes Cs and T1; if iL1<0, L1, T1 secondary, D1c, Co, load, Cs form another loop, | iL1| increases, Vi1 energizes L1, Co and load by T1 in conjunction with Cs.
And (2) stage: s1 is cut off, D1a is conducted, Vi1 stops exerting force, the secondary side of T1, D1a, Co, load and D1b form a loop, and excitation inductance of the secondary side of T1 releases energy to Co and the load. If iL1<0, L1, D1a, Co, load, Cs form another loop, | iL1| decreases, L1 and Cs release energy to Co and load; if iL1>0, the secondary side of L1, Cs, D1b, T1 constitutes another loop, iL1 increases and T1 energizes L1 and Cs.
In the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, the inductors and the capacitors which are similar to a star connection mode are adopted to cooperate with the transformers T1 to Tn to realize energy coupling among multiple inputs, so that the utilization rate of the transformers is improved; the switch can support the connection and disconnection of a direct current voltage source by changing the working state of the switch.
Although diodes are used for freewheeling and energy transfer on the secondary side of each transformer in the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the diodes may be replaced by controllable switching devices (e.g., synchronous rectifier MOSFETs). Besides, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the switch Sj is connected between the primary side of the transformer and the negative terminal of the DC voltage source Vij, and the first terminal of the primary side of the transformer Tj and the second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer Tj are in the same-name end relationship, the conversion unit in the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention may also have other suitable topology structures as long as energy can be controlled to be transmitted from the primary side of the transformer Tj to the secondary side of the transformer Tj by turning on and off the switch Sj. The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, characterized in that: the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit comprises transformers T1-Tn, switches S1-Sn, diodes D1 a-Dna, diodes D1 b-Dnb, diodes D1 c-Dnc, inductors L1-Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, wherein the value range of n is an integer larger than 1;
the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the positive end of a direct-current voltage source Vij, the second end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the first end of a switch Sj, the second end of the switch Sj is connected with the negative end of the direct-current voltage source Vij, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the anode of a diode Dja, the cathode of a diode Dja is simultaneously connected with the first end of a capacitor Co and the first end of a load, the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the cathode of a diode Djb, the anode of a diode Djb is simultaneously connected with the second end of the capacitor Co and the second end of the load, the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj are in a homonymous end relationship, and the value range of j is 1-n;
an anode of the diode Djc is connected to an anode of the diode Djb, a cathode of the diode Djc is connected to an anode of the diode Dja, a first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to a second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer Tj, second terminals of the inductors L1 to Ln are connected to a first terminal of the capacitor Cs, and the second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to either a first terminal of the capacitor Co or a second terminal of the capacitor Co.
2. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit, characterized in that: the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit comprises transformers T1-Tn, switches S1-Sn, diodes D1 a-Dna, diodes D1 b-Dnb, diodes D1 c-Dnc, inductors L1-Ln, capacitors Cs and Co, wherein the value range of n is an integer larger than 1;
the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the positive end of a direct-current voltage source Vij, the second end of the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the first end of a switch Sj, the second end of the switch Sj is connected with the negative end of the direct-current voltage source Vij, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the anode of a diode Dja, the cathode of a diode Dja is simultaneously connected with the first end of a capacitor Co and the first end of a load, the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the cathode of a diode Djb, the anode of a diode Djb is simultaneously connected with the second end of the capacitor Co and the second end of the load, the first end of the primary side of the transformer Tj and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer Tj are in a homonymous end relationship, and the value range of j is 1-n;
an anode of the diode Djc is connected to a cathode of the diode Djb, a cathode of the diode Djc is connected to a cathode of the diode Dja, a first terminal of the inductor Lj is connected to a first terminal of the secondary side Tj, second terminals of the inductors L1 to Ln are connected to a first terminal of the capacitor Cs, and a second terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to either a first terminal of the capacitor Co or a second terminal of the capacitor Co.
3. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit further comprises a buffer branch 1 to a buffer branch n, and the primary side of the transformer Tj is connected with the buffer branch j in parallel.
4. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the direct-current voltage sources Vi1 to Vin are direct-current power generation systems or direct-current energy storage systems, or alternating-current power generation systems or alternating-current energy storage systems cascaded with rectification circuits.
5. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the driving signals vg1 to vgn of the switches S1 to Sn are synchronous, or asynchronous.
6. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the parameters of the transformers T1 to Tn differ.
7. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: one or more of the diodes D1 a-Dna, D1 b-Dnb, and D1 c-Dnc are replaced by synchronous rectifier MOSFETs.
8. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit comprises a first conversion unit connected to a first direct-current voltage source, a second conversion unit connected to a second direct-current voltage source, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel with a load, wherein the first inductor, the second inductor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are respectively provided with a first end and a second end, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit respectively comprise:
a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein a first end of the primary side is connected to a first end of a corresponding DC voltage source;
the switch is provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the switch is connected with the second end of the primary side of the transformer, and the second end of the switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding direct-current voltage source;
the first diode is provided with an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor;
a second diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer; and
a third diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the second diode and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the first diode;
wherein:
the first end of the first inductor is connected with the second end of the secondary side of the transformer in the first conversion unit, the first end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the secondary side of the transformer in the second conversion unit, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the second ends of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor or connected with the second end of the second capacitor.
9. A multi-input-port DC-DC conversion circuit comprises a first conversion unit connected to a first direct-current voltage source, a second conversion unit connected to a second direct-current voltage source, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel with a load, wherein the first inductor, the second inductor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are respectively provided with a first end and a second end, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit respectively comprise:
a transformer having a primary side and a secondary side, wherein a first end of the primary side is connected to a first end of a corresponding DC voltage source;
the switch is provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the switch is connected with the second end of the primary side of the transformer, and the second end of the switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding direct-current voltage source;
the first diode is provided with an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor;
a second diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the secondary side of the transformer; and
a third diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode;
wherein:
the first end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer in the first conversion unit, the first end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the transformer in the second conversion unit, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the second ends of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor or the second end of the second capacitor.
10. A multi-input port DC-DC conversion circuit as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein one or more of said first to third diodes are replaced by synchronous rectifier MOSFETs.
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