CN113949068B - Voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition - Google Patents
Voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing an influence index system of voltage on the power grid loss, taking the contribution rate of the power grid loss of each node into consideration, grading and partitioning and optimizing a grid frame by utilizing a K-means clustering algorithm, and performing voltage regulation control with the aim of proper deviation between the current voltage of a central point in the partition and a target value, minimum voltage regulation quantity of each node and minimum power grid loss of each grading partition. The invention considers the adjustment mode with small voltage fluctuation and the effect of reducing loss of each partition at the same time aiming at the selection of voltage control, thereby fully realizing the unification of safe and economic operation of the power grid. The method has the characteristics of strong operability, high calculation efficiency and convenient realization, and has good effects of reducing network loss, improving the running economy of the power distribution network and improving the power quality of the power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of voltage control, and particularly relates to a voltage control method based on dynamic loss reduction subareas of a power grid.
Background
Voltage is an important index of electric energy quality, and the voltage quality has important influence on the safe and economic operation of an electric power system, and on ensuring the safe production and product quality of users and the safety and service life of electrical equipment. Reactive compensation and reactive balance of the power system are basic conditions for guaranteeing voltage quality, so that the voltage quality can be guaranteed, the running stability and safety of the power system are improved, the electric energy loss is reduced, and the electric energy economic benefit is fully exerted.
(1) The reactive power flow fluctuation is large, and the voltage regulation of the power grid with obvious voltage regulation loss is realized by configuring reactive power compensation equipment for a certain period of time and carrying out static reactive power optimization on the system.
Although the method improves the overall voltage level of the power distribution system, the influence of the voltage on the network loss is ignored in the optimization process, the network loss is increased due to the excessively high voltage level of the system after the optimization, and the user requirement is not met due to the excessively low voltage. The problems of insufficient legal support, unreasonable electricity price structure, deficient incentive policy and the like exist due to different electricity utilization characteristics of various regions. Moreover, the power demand side management technology is generally a method which takes the power quality into account in real time in the implementation process on the premise of ensuring the power quality.
(2) Reactive power regulating equipment with over-high action frequency
The logic design of passive power regulation and the AVC device with insufficient redundancy can lead to that when voltage fluctuates, the times of the on-load voltage regulating transformer tap and the capacitive reactance switch action are more, the service life of the switch and the tap is influenced, the probability of faults of power regulating equipment is increased, and the operation reliability of a power grid is influenced.
(3) Reactive voltage regulation is not accurate enough
The capacity allocation of the on-load voltage regulating transformer tap and the capacity allocation of the capacitive reactance are unsuitable, the power regulating mode of the on-load voltage regulating transformer tap is nonlinear, the excessive or insufficient power regulating possibly caused by the excessive setting of the gear, and the phenomenon that the operating voltage is too high caused by the fact that the capacitive reactance is put into the capacitive reactance easily occurs due to the capacity and grouping setting of the capacitive reactance is similar to the situation that the operating voltage is too low after the capacitive reactance is cut off.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition.
Firstly, establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss by taking the characteristics of easy data acquisition and redundancy as principles, wherein the influence index system is divided into two subsystems of equipment attribute and operation attribute; the concept of the contribution rate of the voltage to the network loss is introduced, and the larger the contribution coefficient is, the higher the influence degree of the node voltage to the network loss is. And then processing the influence factors according to the index attribute, and partitioning the network by adopting a K-means clustering algorithm to divide a control area so as to form the control area. And (3) according to the voltage grade hierarchical optimization, finally taking each hierarchical partition as a unit, taking the minimum current voltage regulating quantity of the central hubs in the partitions as a target, and simultaneously taking other constraint conditions of the power grid into consideration to carry out voltage regulation control.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the voltage control method based on the power grid loss reduction grading partition is characterized in that firstly, an influence index system of voltage on the power grid loss is established, then the contribution rate of the power grid loss of each node is considered, grading partition optimization is carried out on the grid by utilizing a K-means clustering algorithm, and voltage regulation control is carried out with the aim that the deviation between the current voltage of a center in the partition and a target value is proper, the voltage regulation quantity of each node is minimum, and the power grid loss of each grading partition is the lowest;
the specific steps of the voltage regulation control are as follows:
step S1, establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss;
step S2, establishing a judging system of influence of voltage on the network loss, and calculating the contribution rate of the network loss;
step S3, carrying out layering and partitioning calculation according to the network loss contribution coefficient;
in the step S1, the principle of establishing the impact index system of the voltage on the network loss is as follows: the index data is easy to obtain; reflecting an overview of the grid, including the size of the scale; the running condition of the power grid under the voltage fluctuation is reflected; the influence index system established based on the principle is divided into two subsystems of equipment attribute and operation attribute;
establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss by taking index feature availability and quantifiability as principles, simplifying and screening to obtain a final practical influence index, and finally screening practical influence indexes of equipment attributes and operation attributes;
the practical impact indicators of the device attributes include voltage class x 1 Same voltage class line change position x 2 Power supply node voltage x 3 ；
The voltage level x 1 : the voltage class in the coverage area of the network loss calculation is indicated, and the more the voltage class is, the larger the crossing power is, and the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the same voltage class line variable position x 2 : the electric distance from the central point of the line to the two ends of the transformer is indicated, and the larger the electric distance is, the higher the line loss is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is;
the power supply node voltage x 3 : the larger the voltage amplitude of the power supply node is, the larger the influence on the nearby non-point source nodes is;
the practical influence indexes of the operation attribute comprise voltage node load rate x 4 Voltage compensation capability x 5 Historical fluctuation amplitude x of voltage node 6 Voltage power factor x 7 ；
The voltage node load factor x 4 : in the equipment node load range, the network loss is the lowest and stable, and when the voltage exceeds or falls below the range, the influence of the voltage on the network loss is increased;
the voltage compensation capability x 5 : including transformer tap adjustment capability, capacitanceSwitching capacity of the device and reactive power regulation capacity of the power supply node;
the historical fluctuation amplitude x of the voltage node 6 : the larger the node voltage fluctuation amplitude is, the higher the frequency is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is; the voltage power factor x 7 : the power factor of the node directly influences the voltage, and the larger the power factor is, the smaller the reactive power transmitted to the periphery is, and the smaller the influence on the network loss is;
in the step S2, the system for determining the influence of the voltage on the network loss is combined with the statistical data in the practical influence index x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 6 And x 7 Processing according to the corresponding attribute;
the practical influence index is divided into a forward influence factor, a reverse influence factor and a proper interval influence factor according to attributes;
the larger the index value of the forward direction influence factor is, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the smaller the index value of the reverse influence factor is, the greater the influence degree on the network loss is;
the index value of the influence factor of the suitable interval is in a certain range, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is, the influence degree is reduced beyond the interval;
converting the real influence index attribute into a dimensionless value according to the real influence index attribute, wherein the conversion steps are as follows: assuming that n nodes exist in the power grid, the index number is m;
the practical impact index is calculated as the forward impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as the reverse impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as follows for the appropriate interval impact factor:
wherein r is ij An index value that is a j-th index in the i-th node voltage; r is (r) jmax Maximum value of the j index in n voltage nodes; r is (r) jmin The minimum value of the j index at n voltage nodes; q 1j 、q 2j The left and right boundary values of the ideal interval of the suitable interval index j are respectively;
in the step S2, the process of calculating the network loss contribution rate is as follows: determining the loss index contribution coefficient of each element, wherein the calculation steps of the loss index contribution coefficient of each element are as follows: firstly, solving information entropy values of influence indexes of n voltage nodes on network loss:
and, if V ij =0, then define:
m in the formula j Information entropy of all n voltage nodes aiming at a j-th index is represented; r's' ij An index value of the j index of the i voltage node after index pretreatment; v (V) ij The weight coefficient of the jth index of the ith voltage node in all the voltage nodes;
then, the contribution coefficients of the respective influence indexes are calculated respectively according to the following formulas:
calculating the contribution rate of each voltage node to the network loss, and sequencing each index according to the influence degree of the index on the network loss, so that the calculation of the contribution rate of the network loss is more reasonable, and the specific steps are as follows: first, according to the system index pairThe influence degree of the network loss is ordered as follows: x is x 1 ＞x 2 ＞x 3 ＞x 4 ＞x 5 ＞x 6 ＞x 7 ；
Then, the relative importance yk among indexes is divided into five grades, and the values are referenced as follows:
according to y k Is a calculated weight coefficient w of (2) j ：
Other weight coefficients are w j-1 ＝y k w j ；
Calculating the comprehensive weight of each index, and calculating the contribution value of each voltage node to the network loss according to the following formula:
h in i The contribution value of the ith voltage node to the network loss is represented, and finally the contribution coefficient is obtained as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe sum of the contribution values of n voltage nodes to the network loss is represented.
As a further specific implementation optimization of the present invention,
in the step S3, the hierarchical partition calculation according to the network loss contribution coefficient includes the following steps: step S31, drawing a full-voltage-level grid network frame topology, and numbering 0,1,2 for each node from a grid-connected bus;
step S32, obtaining basic information of grid-connected nodes, and obtaining contribution coefficient lambda of each node voltage to grid loss i ；
Step S33, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points for an unregulated region, taking voltage class, voltage regulation amplitude and network loss contribution coefficient into consideration, performing preliminary iteration partition by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S34, setting priority according to voltage class for voltage nodes in the unregulated partition, wherein the priority of the high voltage class is higher than that of the low voltage class;
step S35, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the contribution coefficient of network loss is considered, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the voltage of the high-priority node in the partition meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Wherein the voltage node value to be regulated is U imin 、U imax Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the qualified voltage;
step S36, the high-level voltage node has supporting function on the low-level voltage node to which it belongs, and is incorporated into the evaluation system of the lower-level voltage, and the supporting coefficient is set as x 8 The influence degree is the highest absolute influence, and the influence degree is considered when the net loss contribution rate of the lower voltage is calculated;
step S37, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points again for the lower voltage, taking the influence of high-level voltage node adjustment into consideration, carrying out iterative partitioning by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S38, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on the K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the node voltage in the current level subarea meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
step S39, repeating the above processes to adjust the global voltage to a reasonable range, and completing the voltage control process.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in:
1. the invention provides a voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition, which considers the adjustment mode with smaller voltage fluctuation and the effect of loss reduction of each partition at the same time aiming at the selection of voltage control, thereby fully realizing the unification of power grid safety and economic operation.
2. According to the invention, an index system of influence of voltage on the network loss is constructed, the properties and the operation properties of the power grid equipment are fully considered, five practical influence factors are screened out by taking the easy acquisition and the quantifiability of data as principles, and a reference basis is provided for calculating the contribution rate of the voltage to the network loss.
3. The invention provides a new power grid grading and partitioning method, which fully considers the weight of a grid loss influence factor, and partitions a target grid in a grading manner, and confirms an adjustment target through a K-means clustering algorithm, so that the voltage adjustment requirement under various scenes can be met.
4. When the invention is used for voltage control, the actual running grid operation and equipment action conditions are fully considered, so that the equipment action is less, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
5. The method has the characteristics of strong operability, high calculation efficiency and convenient realization, and has good effects of reducing network loss, improving the running economy of the power distribution network and improving the power quality of the power distribution network.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings, which are needed in the embodiments or prior art descriptions, to be understood that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention,
other figures may be derived from these figures without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of optimizing a voltage control method based on a grid loss reduction hierarchical partition.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, for a determined grid structure of a power grid, an optimal voltage regulation mode is determined, and the invention provides a voltage control method based on a grid loss grading partition.
Further, the specific steps of the voltage regulation control are as follows:
step S1, establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss;
step S2, establishing a judging system of influence of voltage on the network loss, and calculating the contribution rate of the network loss;
step S3, carrying out layering and partitioning calculation according to the network loss contribution coefficient;
further, in the step S1, the voltage change time affects the flow condition of the system power flow, and the network loss generated during the flow process will also change, so that it is necessary to fully and deeply study the impact indexes. The establishment principle of the influence index system of the voltage to the network loss is as follows: the index data is easy to obtain; reflecting an overview of the grid, including the size of the scale; the running condition of the power grid under the voltage fluctuation is reflected; the influence index system and the subsystem thereof are established based on the principle, and the subsystem is divided into two subsystems of equipment attribute and operation attribute.
Furthermore, an influence index system of voltage on network loss is established based on the index feature availability and quantifiability as principles, and simplification and screening are carried out to obtain a final practical influence index, and finally the practical influence index of the equipment attribute and the operation attribute is screened out.
The practical impact indicators of the device attributes include voltage class x 1 Same voltage class line change position x 2 Power supply node voltage x 3 ；
The voltage level x 1 : the voltage class in the coverage area of the network loss calculation is indicated, and the more the voltage class is, the larger the crossing power is, and the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the same voltage class line variable position x 2 : the electric distance from the central point of the line to the two ends of the transformer is indicated, and the larger the electric distance is, the higher the line loss is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is;
the power supply node voltage x 3 : the larger the voltage amplitude of the power supply node is, the larger the influence on the nearby non-point source nodes is;
the practical influence indexes of the operation attribute comprise voltage node load rate x 4 Voltage compensation capability x 5 Historical fluctuation amplitude x of voltage node 6 Voltage power factor x 7 ；
The voltage node load factor x 4 : in the equipment node load range, the network loss is the lowest and stable, and when the voltage exceeds or falls below the range, the influence of the voltage on the network loss is increased;
the voltage compensation capability x 5 : the power supply node reactive power regulation device comprises transformer tap regulation capability, capacitor switching capability and power supply node reactive power regulation capability;
the historical fluctuation amplitude x of the voltage node 6 : the larger the node voltage fluctuation amplitude is, the higher the frequency is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is; the voltage power factor x 7 : the power factor of the node directly influences the voltage, and the larger the power factor is, the smaller the reactive power transmitted to the periphery is, and the smaller the influence on the network loss is;
in the step S2, the system for determining the influence of the voltage on the network loss is combined with the statistical data in the practical influence index x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 6 And x 7 Processing according to the corresponding attribute;
the practical influence index is divided into a forward influence factor, a reverse influence factor and a proper interval influence factor according to attributes;
the larger the index value of the forward direction influence factor is, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the smaller the index value of the reverse influence factor is, the greater the influence degree on the network loss is;
the index value of the influence factor of the suitable interval is in a certain range, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is, the influence degree is reduced beyond the interval;
converting the real influence index attribute into a dimensionless value according to the real influence index attribute, wherein the conversion steps are as follows: assuming that n nodes exist in the power grid, the index number is m;
the practical impact index is calculated as the forward impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as the reverse impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as follows for the appropriate interval impact factor:
wherein r is ij An index value that is a j-th index in the i-th node voltage; r is (r) jmax Maximum value of the j index in n voltage nodes; r is (r) jmin The minimum value of the j index at n voltage nodes; q lj 、q 2j The left and right boundary values of the ideal interval of the suitable interval index j are respectively;
in the step S2, the process of calculating the network loss contribution rate is as follows: determining the loss index contribution coefficient of each element, wherein the calculation steps of the loss index contribution coefficient of each element are as follows: firstly, solving information entropy values of influence indexes of n voltage nodes on network loss:
and, if V ij =0, then define:
m in the formula j Information entropy of all n voltage nodes aiming at a j-th index is represented; r's' ij Is a passing fingerMarking the index value of the j index of the i voltage node after pretreatment; v (V) ij The weight coefficient of the jth index of the ith voltage node in all the voltage nodes;
then, the contribution coefficients of the respective influence indexes are calculated respectively according to the following formulas:
calculating the contribution rate of each voltage node to the network loss, and sequencing each index according to the influence degree of the index on the network loss, so that the calculation of the contribution rate of the network loss is more reasonable, and the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, the following ordering is made according to the influence degree of the system index on the network loss:
x 1 ＞x 2 ＞x 3 ＞x 4 ＞x 5 ＞x 6 ＞x 7 ；
then according to the relative importance degree y among indexes k The values are divided into five grades, and the values are referenced as follows:
according to y k Is a calculated weight coefficient w of (2) j ：
Other weight coefficients are w j-1 ＝y k W j ；
Calculating the comprehensive weight of each index, and calculating the contribution value of each voltage node to the network loss according to the following formula:
h in i The contribution value of the ith voltage node to the network loss is represented, and finally the contribution coefficient is obtained as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe sum of the contribution values of n voltage nodes to the network loss is represented.
As a further specific implementation optimization of the present invention,
in the step S3, the hierarchical partition calculation according to the network loss contribution coefficient includes the following steps: step S31, drawing a full-voltage-level grid network frame topology, and numbering 0,1,2 for each node from a grid-connected bus;
step S32, obtaining basic information of grid-connected nodes, and obtaining contribution coefficient lambda of each node voltage to grid loss i ；
Step S33, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points for an unregulated region, taking voltage class, voltage regulation amplitude and network loss contribution coefficient into consideration, performing preliminary iteration partition by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S34, setting priority according to voltage class for voltage nodes in the unregulated partition, wherein the priority of the high voltage class is higher than that of the low voltage class;
step S35, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the contribution coefficient of network loss is considered, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the voltage of the high-priority node in the partition meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Wherein the voltage node value to be regulated is U imin 、U imax Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the qualified voltage;
step S36, the high-level voltage node has supporting function on the low-level voltage node to which it belongs, and is incorporated into the evaluation system of the lower-level voltage, and the supporting coefficient is set as x 8 The influence degree is the highest absolute influence, and the influence degree is considered when the net loss contribution rate of the lower voltage is calculated;
step S37, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points again for the lower voltage, taking the influence of high-level voltage node adjustment into consideration, carrying out iterative partitioning by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S38, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on the K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the node voltage in the current level subarea meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
step S39, repeating the above processes to adjust the global voltage to a reasonable range, and completing the voltage control process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; it is obvious to a person skilled in the art to combine several embodiments of the invention. Such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A voltage control method based on power grid loss reduction grading partition is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss, considering the contribution rate of the network loss of each node, carrying out hierarchical partition optimization on the network frame by utilizing a K-means clustering algorithm, and carrying out voltage regulation control with the aim of proper deviation between the current voltage of a central axis in a partition and a target value and minimum voltage regulation quantity of each node and the lowest network loss of each hierarchical partition;
the specific steps of the voltage regulation control are as follows:
step S1, establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss;
step S2, establishing a judging system of influence of voltage on the network loss, and calculating the contribution rate of the network loss;
step S3, carrying out layering and partitioning calculation according to the network loss contribution coefficient;
in the step S1, the principle of establishing the impact index system of the voltage on the network loss is as follows: the index data is easy to obtain; reflecting an overview of the grid, including the size of the scale; the running condition of the power grid under the voltage fluctuation is reflected; the influence index system established based on the principle is divided into two subsystems of equipment attribute and operation attribute;
establishing an influence index system of voltage on network loss by taking index feature availability and quantifiability as principles, simplifying and screening to obtain a final practical influence index, and finally screening practical influence indexes of equipment attributes and operation attributes;
the practical impact indicators of the device attributes include voltage class x 1 Same voltage class line change position x 2 Power supply node voltage x 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The voltage level x 1 : the voltage class in the coverage area of the network loss calculation is indicated, and the more the voltage class is, the larger the crossing power is, and the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the same voltage class line variable position x 2 : the electric distance from the central point of the line to the two ends of the transformer is indicated, and the larger the electric distance is, the higher the line loss is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is;
the power supply node voltage x 3 : the larger the voltage amplitude of the power supply node is, the larger the influence on the nearby non-point source nodes is;
the practical influence indexes of the operation attribute comprise voltage node load rate x 4 Voltage compensation capability x 5 Historical fluctuation amplitude x of voltage node 6 Voltage power factor x 7 ；
The voltage node load factor x 4 : in the equipment node load range, the network loss is the lowest and stable, and when the voltage exceeds or falls below the range, the influence of the voltage on the network loss is increased;
the voltage compensation capability x 5 : the power supply node reactive power regulation device comprises transformer tap regulation capability, capacitor switching capability and power supply node reactive power regulation capability;
the historical fluctuation amplitude x of the voltage node 6 : the larger the node voltage fluctuation amplitude is, the higher the frequency is, and the larger the influence on the network loss is;
the voltage isPower factor x 7 : the power factor of the node directly influences the voltage, and the larger the power factor is, the smaller the reactive power transmitted to the periphery is, and the smaller the influence on the network loss is;
in the step S2, the system for determining the influence of the voltage on the network loss is combined with the statistical data in the practical influence index x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 6 And x 7 Processing according to the corresponding attribute;
the practical influence index is divided into a forward influence factor, a reverse influence factor and a proper interval influence factor according to attributes;
the larger the index value of the forward direction influence factor is, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is;
the smaller the index value of the reverse influence factor is, the greater the influence degree on the network loss is;
the index value of the influence factor of the suitable interval is in a certain range, the larger the influence degree on the network loss is, the influence degree is reduced beyond the interval;
converting the real influence index attribute into a dimensionless value according to the real influence index attribute, wherein the conversion steps are as follows: assuming that n nodes exist in the power grid, the index number is m;
the practical impact index is calculated as the forward impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as the reverse impact factor as follows:
the practical impact index is calculated as follows for the appropriate interval impact factor:
wherein r is ij An index value that is a j-th index in the i-th node voltage; r is (r) jmax Maximum value of the j index in n voltage nodes; r is (r) jmin The minimum value of the j index at n voltage nodes; q 1j 、q 2j The left and right boundary values of the ideal interval of the suitable interval index j are respectively;
in the step S2, the process of calculating the network loss contribution rate is as follows: determining the loss index contribution coefficient of each element, wherein the calculation steps of the loss index contribution coefficient of each element are as follows: firstly, solving information entropy values of influence indexes of n voltage nodes on network loss:
and, if V ij =0, then define:
m in the formula j Information entropy of all n voltage nodes aiming at a j-th index is represented; r's' ij An index value of the j index of the i voltage node after index pretreatment; v (V) ij The weight coefficient of the jth index of the ith voltage node in all the voltage nodes;
then, the contribution coefficients of the respective influence indexes are calculated respectively according to the following formulas:
calculating the contribution rate of each voltage node to the network loss, and sequencing each index according to the influence degree of the index on the network loss, so that the calculation of the contribution rate of the network loss is more reasonable, and the specific steps are as follows: firstly, the following ordering is made according to the influence degree of the system index on the network loss: x is x 1 ＞x 2 ＞x 3 ＞x 4 ＞x 5 ＞x 6 ＞x 7 ；
Then, the relative importance yk among indexes is divided into five grades, and the values are referenced as follows:
according to y k Is a calculated weight coefficient w of (2) j ：
Other weight coefficients are w j-1 ＝y k w j ；
Calculating the comprehensive weight of each index, and calculating the contribution value of each voltage node to the network loss according to the following formula:
h in i The contribution value of the ith voltage node to the network loss is represented, and finally the contribution coefficient is obtained as follows:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe sum of the contribution values of n voltage nodes to the network loss is represented.
2. The voltage control method based on the power grid loss reduction hierarchical partition according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the hierarchical partition calculation according to the power grid loss contribution coefficient includes the following steps: step S31, drawing a full-voltage-level grid network frame topology, and numbering 0,1,2 for each node from a grid-connected bus;
step S32, obtaining basic information of grid-connected nodes, and obtaining contribution coefficient lambda of each node voltage to grid loss i ；
Step S33, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points for an unregulated region, taking voltage class, voltage regulation amplitude and network loss contribution coefficient into consideration, performing preliminary iteration partition by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S34, setting priority according to voltage class for voltage nodes in the unregulated partition, wherein the priority of the high voltage class is higher than that of the low voltage class;
step S35, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the contribution coefficient of network loss is considered, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the voltage of the high-priority node in the partition meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
wherein the method comprises the steps of
Wherein the voltage node value to be regulated is U imin 、U imax Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the qualified voltage;
step S36, the high-level voltage node has supporting function on the low-level voltage node to which it belongs, and is incorporated into the evaluation system of the lower-level voltage, and the supporting coefficient is set as x 8 The influence degree is the highest absolute influence, and the influence degree is considered when the net loss contribution rate of the lower voltage is calculated;
step S37, uniformly selecting K voltage sensitive points again for the lower voltage, taking the influence of high-level voltage node adjustment into consideration, carrying out iterative partitioning by using a K-means optimization algorithm, and redetermining the K voltage sensitive points;
step S38, positive and negative adjustment is carried out on the K voltage sensitive points within a reasonable range, the minimum voltage adjustment amount is taken as a target, and the node voltage in the current level subarea meets the requirement through preliminary adjustment calculation;
step S39, repeating the above processes to adjust the global voltage to a reasonable range, and completing the voltage control process.
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