CN113947042A - Three-dimensional numerical simulation method and system for fluid flushing submarine pipeline - Google Patents
Three-dimensional numerical simulation method and system for fluid flushing submarine pipeline Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a three-dimensional numerical simulation method and a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid scouring of a submarine pipeline, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a simulation task in CFD simulation software; setting a physical model and physical parameters required by a simulation task, and importing the category and the attribute of the fluid; establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, wherein the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, and a guide pit is arranged below the pipeline assembly; carrying out grid division on a calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model, and setting an initial condition and a boundary condition; determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value, and setting a calculation time step; and (4) running simulation calculation to obtain flow field information around the submarine pipeline and simulate the expansion change process of the scoured pit. The method can simultaneously calculate the flow field change around the pipeline and the change of the sand bed scouring form, is favorable for analyzing the longitudinal extension rate of the scouring pit, determines the position of vortex generation, effectively avoids the pipeline from generating vortex-induced resonance, and improves the safety of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a three-dimensional numerical simulation method and a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for a fluid scour submarine pipeline.
Background
At present, offshore oil and gas resources such as offshore oil, natural gas and the like are increasingly paid more and more attention by people, a submarine pipeline is a life line for offshore oil and natural gas transportation, and the offshore oil and gas resources bring great benefits to the human society and also have the risk of polluting the environment due to pipeline oil leakage. The submarine pipeline is generally exposed on the seabed or buried in submarine soil, and under the combined action of waves and ocean currents, the pipeline is exposed out of the ground under the long-term complex action of the submarine marine environment, and the scouring process around the pipeline is accelerated. The scouring pit can be longitudinally expanded along the axial direction of the pipeline while the seabed is continuously deepened. When water flows around the pipeline, vortex which falls off alternately is generated behind the pipeline, so that vortex-induced vibration is induced to the pipeline, and the safety of the pipeline is threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor parameters such as the vibration frequency of the submarine pipeline and to take preventive measures in time.
In the related art, finite element software is generally used to calculate the vibration frequency of the pipeline. However, the applicant finds that the method for calculating the vibration frequency of the pipeline by using the finite element software cannot acquire flow field information around the pipeline, and most of the methods simulate the scouring of the submarine pipeline in a two-dimensional mode and cannot analyze the expansion condition of a scouring pit, so that the pipeline cannot be accurately and timely prevented from being damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the first objective of the present application is to provide a three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid flushing a submarine pipeline, which can simultaneously calculate the flow field change around the pipeline and the change of the sand bed flushing form, and is beneficial to analyzing the longitudinal expansion rate of a flushing pit, determining the position of a vortex, effectively avoiding the pipeline from generating vortex-induced resonance, and improving the safety of the pipeline.
A second object of the present application is to provide a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for scouring subsea pipelines;
a third object of the present application is to propose a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present application provides a method for three-dimensional numerical simulation of fluid scour of a subsea pipeline, the method comprising the steps of:
establishing a simulation task in preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software, and setting the total computation time, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system in the simulation task;
setting a physical model required by the simulation task and physical parameters of the physical model, and introducing the category and the attribute of the fluid from a fluid material library;
establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of a submarine pipeline, wherein the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, setting attributes of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model, and arranging an induction pit below the pipeline assembly;
carrying out grid division on a calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model, and setting initial conditions and boundary conditions of the calculation domain;
setting the output time interval and the type of output data of the simulation task, determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value, and setting a calculation time step length;
and (4) running simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline, and simulating an expansion change process of the scoured pit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, simulating an extension change process of the erosion pit includes: determining a beach shoulder formed by flushing the sand bed with fluid, and simulating the form change and the expansion direction of the beach shoulder.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, simulating the change in the form of the berm comprises: generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart; and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the flow field information around the subsea pipeline includes a flow velocity field around the subsea pipeline, and after obtaining the flow field information around the subsea pipeline, the method further includes: and determining a zero flow velocity zone at the beach shoulder according to the flow velocity field, and determining the position of a vortex which induces the vortex-induced vibration of the submarine pipeline according to the zero flow velocity zone.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the physical model includes: turbulence models, critical Shields models, local Shields models, entrainment lift models for silt, sedimentation models, bed load transport models, and suspended silt concentration models.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the critical Shields model is represented by the following formula:
wherein,
wherein beta is the slope angle of the riverbed,
is a preset angle of repose of the silt,. psi.*,iIs a dimensionless parameter for describing the particle size of the i-th silt, i being the kind of silt.
To achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid-scouring a subsea pipeline, comprising:
the system comprises a first setting module, a second setting module and a third setting module, wherein the first setting module is used for establishing a simulation task in preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software and setting the total computation time, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system in the simulation task;
the second setting module is used for setting the physical model required by the simulation task and the physical parameters of the physical model, and importing the category and the attribute of the fluid from the fluid material library;
the system comprises an establishing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the establishing module is used for establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, the attribute of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model is set, and an induction pit is arranged below the pipeline assembly;
the third setting module is used for carrying out grid division on the calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model and setting the initial condition and the boundary condition of the calculation domain;
the fourth setting module is used for setting the output time interval and the type of the output data of the simulation task, determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value and setting a calculation time step length;
and the calculation module is used for operating simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline and simulating an expansion change process of the scoured pit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation module is specifically configured to: determining a beach shoulder formed by scouring of the sand bed, and simulating the form change and the extension direction of the beach shoulder.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation module is further configured to: generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart; and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least has the following beneficial effects: the method establishes a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline in CFD software, simulates the scene of fluid scouring of the submarine pipeline by a CFD numerical simulation method, starts the process of fluid scouring of a sand bed by arranging an induction pit, simulates the longitudinal expansion of the scouring pit along the axis direction of the pipeline, and further can simultaneously calculate the flow field change around the pipeline and the change of the scouring form of the sand bed, is favorable for analyzing the silt starting mechanism and the scouring evolution rule, solves the problem of multiphase fluid-solid coupling of the pipeline, water flow and silt during the scouring of the submarine pipeline, can acquire the flow field change information in the scouring process of the submarine pipeline and analyze the longitudinal expansion rate of the scouring pit, and can also determine the position of a vortex which can cause the vortex-induced resonance of the pipeline, thereby being favorable for timely and effectively avoiding the vortex-induced resonance of the pipeline, the safety of the submarine pipeline is improved.
In order to achieve the above embodiments, the third aspect of the present application further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline in the above embodiments.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional scour model of a subsea pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sand bed flushing mode at a first time according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sand bed flushing configuration at a second time according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sand bed flushing mode at a third time according to an embodiment of the present application
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sand bed flushing mode at a fourth time according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flow velocity field distribution around a subsea pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of the circumference of a submarine pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that, the scouring problem of the submarine pipeline involves the combined action of the pipeline, water flow and sediment, which is a multidisciplinary cross problem and is complex in calculation, and finite element software adopted in the related technology is difficult to realize three-dimensional numerical simulation, and the expansion condition of the scouring pit is difficult to analyze in the related technology, which is not beneficial to preventing the damage of the pipeline. Therefore, the three-dimensional numerical simulation method for the fluid to scour the submarine pipeline is provided, the problem of multi-phase fluid-solid coupling of the pipeline, sediment and fluid is solved, the flow field change around the pipeline and the change of the scouring form of a sand bed can be calculated simultaneously, and vortex-induced resonance of the pipeline can be avoided.
The following describes a three-dimensional numerical simulation method and a system for fluid-scouring subsea pipelines according to embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 101, establishing a simulation task in a preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software, and setting the total computation time, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system in the simulation task.
The preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software may include various CFD software such as FLOW3D software, OpenFOAM software, REEF3D software, and the like, which may be specifically selected according to actual needs, and as an example, the present application adopts FLOW3D software as preset simulation software to execute a simulation task. In the embodiment of the application, the vibration frequency of the pipeline is calculated by a CFD method, and compared with finite element software, the flow field information around the pipeline can be calculated subsequently.
The established simulation task is a task for simulating the flow field change condition around the pipeline and the expansion condition of a flushing pit flushed out from a sand bed in a fluid and sediment flushing scene of the pipeline. The flow field in the embodiment of the present application may include a flow velocity field, a pressure field, and the like of fluid, silt, and the like around the pipeline on a time and space point coordinate field.
In the embodiment of the application, a simulation task is newly built in the FlOW3D software, and then parameters such as total calculation time length, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system are set in the built simulation task. The compressibility of the fluid to be set is a property that the volume or density of fluid particles around the set pipeline can be changed under the condition of a certain pressure difference or temperature difference, the quantity of the fluid can be a parameter reflecting the magnitude of the fluid impacting the pipeline, such as the flow rate passing through the section of the pipeline in unit time, and the unit system can be a unit of data calculated and output in the task.
Step 102, setting a physical model and physical parameters of the physical model required by the simulation task, and importing the category and the attribute of the fluid from the fluid material library.
The physical model required by the simulation task is a model for simulating the flow field change situation around the pipeline and the expansion situation of a scouring pit in a sand bed and calculating data information such as the spatial distribution of the flow field and the sand scouring at different moments. The physical parameters may be preset custom parameters and data for calculation, which are required when the physical model is used for calculation.
In an embodiment of the present application, when setting a physical model and physical parameters of the physical model required by a simulation task, as a possible implementation manner, in a first step, a mass conservation equation used in calculation is determined, and the mass conservation equation is expressed by the following formula:
where u, v, ω are the velocity components in the three coordinate directions.
Secondly, determining a momentum conservation equation adopted in the calculation, and expressing the momentum conservation equation by the following formula:
wherein S isu,Sν,SωIs 3 broad source terms, S under the experimental conditions in the examples of this applicationu＝Sν＝Sω0, and then the momentum equation can be simplified as:
wherein ν is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid.
Thirdly, setting a turbulence model, and expressing the turbulence model by the following formula:
wherein, mu1Is the viscosity of the turbulence, k is the kinetic energy of the turbulence, ε is the dissipation ratio of the kinetic energy of the turbulence, CμIs a preset constant and p is the density of the fluid. The transport equation for the turbulence energy k is then expressed by the following equation:
wherein, c1，c2，σk，σεAre preset different empirical coefficients.
Fourthly, setting a critical Shields model, wherein Shields number is a dimensionless number in fluid dynamics and can be obtained by deduction according to the ratio of the shear stress acted on the bed surface by the water flow and the underwater gravity of the bed sand, and the critical Shields number is calculated by using a Soulsby-Whitehouse equation in the embodiment of the application, and the expression is as follows:
whereas the sand bed may include inclined surfaces in the embodiments of the present application, the critical Shields number and silt angle of repose may be modified for the inclined surfaces. At the inclined interface, the bed load is less stable and therefore more easily entrained by the downwardly moving fluid. Therefore, the critical Shields model can be further represented in the embodiments of the present application by the following formula:
wherein beta is the slope angle of the riverbed,
is a predetermined angle of repose of the silt,. psi.*,iIs a dimensionless parameter for describing the particle size of the i-th silt, i being the kind of silt.
Fifthly, setting a local Shields parameter model according to the local riverbed shearing stress tau, wherein the set local Shields model can be expressed by the following formula:
wherein tau is calculated by using a wall surface law and a bottom shear stress secondary law of the three-dimensional turbulence and the shallow water turbulence respectively, and is calculated by combining the roughness of the bed surface. Specifically, assume the bed surface roughness ksWith local median diameter d in the transport silt50In direct proportion, the roughness k of the bed surface can be calculated by the following formulas：
ks＝Croughd50
Wherein, CroughIs a user-defined coefficient.
And sixthly, setting a suction lift model of the sediment, wherein the suction lift model of the sediment is expressed by the following formula:
wherein alpha isiIs the parameter of sand entrainment, nsIs directed outward pointing normal, p, to the compression bed interfaceiIs the density of silt, pfIs the fluid density, diIs the particle size of the silt, d*Dimensionless parameter, theta, describing the particle size of the sandiIs the local hiltz number. In one embodiment of the present application, the value of the sand-entrainment parameter for the model is set to 0.018, in this embodiment ulift,iThe method is used for calculating the amount of suspended filler silt and effectively serving as a mass source of suspended silt on the interface of the packed bed. The simulated sediment is then transported with the fluid flow.
A seventh step of setting a sedimentation model, wherein sedimentation refers to the process of sedimentation of the silt particles from the suspension onto the sand bed due to weight or standing still during transport of the bed carrier, and the sedimentation and entrainment of the particles are the opposite processes, often occurring simultaneously. The settling velocity equation of the deposition model is expressed by the following formula in the examples of the present application:
wherein v isfIs the kinematic viscosity of the fluid.
And step eight, setting a bed load transportation model, wherein bed load transportation is a sediment transportation mode generated by the fact that sediment rolls on the surface of the sand bed. In the embodiment of the application, one of the following three equations can be selected to represent the bed load transport model according to the sediment volume transport rate from the riverbed:
Φi＝βMPM,i(θi-θ’cr,i)1.5cb,i
wherein, cb,iIs the volume fraction, phi, of the riverbed surface materialiIs the dimensionless bed-load sand-transporting rate, phiiWith bed load sand transport rate qb,iIn connection with this, in the present embodiment, the bed load sand transport rate of the bed load transport model is calculated by the following formula:
wherein q isb,iIs the bed load sand transport rate,. phiiIs the dimensionless bed load sand transport rate.
In the bed load transport model, another physical parameter to be set is an estimate of bed load thickness, i.e. the thickness of saltating sediment. In the embodiment of the application, the thickness of the jump sediment is estimated by the following formula:
wherein f isbIs the critical volume fraction of silt, deltaiIs the bed mass thickness ubedload,iIs a dimensionless parameter representing the thickness of the ballast bed of the ballast, assuming in this example that the ballast flow is in the same direction as the flow near the sand bed interface.
And step nine, setting a suspended sediment concentration model, wherein the suspended sediment concentration is calculated by solving a transport equation of the suspended sediment concentration, and in the embodiment of the application, the suspended sediment concentration model is expressed by the following formula:
wherein, Cs,iIs the suspended mass concentration of silt i, D is the diffusion coefficient, us,iIn order to suspend the flow rate of the silt,
is the hamiltonian.
In this embodiment, each silt in the suspension is simulated by the model to move at a different velocity than the fluid and other materials, since particles with different mass densities and sizes have different inertias and are subject to different resistances. Accordingly, the volume concentration c of suspended sediments,iDefined as the volume of suspended sediment species i per volume of water-sand mixture, can be calculated in the present embodiment by the following formula:
therefore, the physical model required by the completion of the simulation task and the physical parameters of the physical model are set, and the physical model set in the embodiment of the application can simulate the change condition of the flow field around the pipeline and can also simulate the expansion condition of the scouring pit on the sand bed at different moments and other silt scouring information.
Further, in the fluid material library of the CFD simulation software, the type and properties of the fluid that flushes the pipeline are imported to the simulation task. The fluid is liquid water which is used for flushing the submarine pipeline in the embodiment of the application, and the property of the fluid can comprise information such as density and viscosity of the fluid.
103, establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, wherein the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, setting attributes of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model, and arranging an induction pit below the pipeline assembly.
In particular, the three-dimensional scouring model of the subsea pipeline is a model simulating the subsea pipeline under real fluid and silt scouring scenarios, which, in one embodiment of the present application, as shown in figure 2, the three-dimensional scour model of the subsea pipeline may include components such as a pipeline 10, a sand bed 20, fluids (not shown), wherein the pipe assembly is arranged in a water trough in the sand bed assembly, and wherein one solids platform 30 is arranged in front of and behind the pipe assembly, respectively, for a smooth transition of the water flow, and wherein, an inducing pit is arranged right below the middle of the pipeline, for example, the inducing pit can be an initial hemispherical pit and is used for inducing a scouring process, namely, the inducing fluid erodes the inducing pit to form the eroded pit, thereby being convenient for simulating the longitudinal expansion condition and the like of the eroded pit in the continuous scouring process and analyzing the information of the longitudinal expansion rate and the like of the eroded pit. Then, attributes are set for each component.
It should be noted that, after the completion parameters are set in the simulation task, the flow change situation and the sand bed erosion change situation around the pipeline at different times can be simulated according to the three-dimensional erosion model of the submarine pipeline, the erosion form pipeline of the sand bed at different times can be more accurately determined, and the rear of the shedding situation of the vortex behind the pipeline, that is, the shedding situation of the vortex downstream of the pipeline, is determined, and the vortex behind the pipeline refers to the vortex formed on the other side of the pipeline (in this example, the right side of the pipeline) after the pipeline is flushed by the fluid, for example, after the pipeline is flushed perpendicularly to the pipeline from left to right in fig. 2.
And step 104, carrying out grid division on the calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model, and setting initial conditions and boundary conditions of the calculation domain.
The calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model corresponds to the actual physical domain of the three-dimensional scouring model and is used for analyzing and calculating the flow field information around the pipeline and the scouring state region of the sand bed, the calculation domain comprises all related objects and conditions in the simulation task, and the size of the calculation domain can be integral multiple corresponding to the size of the physical domain of the three-dimensional scouring model.
In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation domain is further subjected to grid division so as to calculate flow field information at different spatial distribution positions and erosion forms of the sand bed at different positions, for example, flow velocity information at different distances from the pipeline is calculated, and for example, sand bed height information at different positions upstream and downstream of the pipeline is calculated.
Further, initial conditions and boundary conditions of the calculation domain are set. The boundary condition is a condition which should be satisfied by the solution of the equation set on the fluid motion boundary, and the initial condition and the boundary condition are definite conditions for obtaining the numerical solution by subsequently solving the equation. In one embodiment of the present application, for the boundary conditions, a constant inlet flow rate is set, the outlet boundary is set to outflow, the Y-axis direction boundaries are all set to symmetric boundaries Symmetry, the Z min boundary is set to the Wall boundary Wall, and the Z max boundary is set to the pressure boundary, and therefore the free liquid level, so the relative pressure is set to 0.
And 105, setting the output time interval and the type of output data of the simulation task, determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value, and setting a calculation time step.
The output time interval is the interval when data is output after a simulation task is calculated, and the calculation method for solving the numerical value is a method for solving the control equation set after modeling and determining the control equation by the CFD numerical simulation method to obtain the numerical value solution on discrete time or space points.
In the embodiment of the present application, for the control equations in different models, corresponding solving methods may be set to solve the numerical values, for example, for the deposition model, a corresponding solving method is set to solve the settling velocity equation, the differential terms in the control equations are approximately expressed as discrete algebraic forms, so that the discrete algebraic forms become algebraic equation sets, and then the discrete algebraic equation sets are solved to obtain the numerical solutions of the settling velocities at discrete spatial points, so that the settling velocities of the sediment particles at different positions above the sand bed can be obtained. For another example, for the bed load transport model, another solving method is set to solve the bed load sand transport rate equation, so that the bed load sand transport rates at different positions near the sand bed interface can be obtained. Further, an initial time step and a minimum time step required for calculation in the calculation method for solving the numerical value are set.
And 106, operating simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline, and simulating the expansion change process of the scoured pit.
Specifically, the simulation task is controlled to start running calculation through a determined calculation method, in the embodiment of the application, the calculation process can be displayed in the task calculation process, the calculation process information can be displayed in an observation window of an interactive interface, and a user can conveniently know the progress of the task and the specific calculation process of each step.
It should be noted that, the above physical model and parameters are set and completed in the simulation task according to the setting mode in the above steps, and a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, and the like, the operation of a simulation task is controlled, CFD simulation software can solve the change conditions of parameters corresponding to each component in the three-dimensional scouring model at different moments according to the own operational logic, after the generated calculation result is further processed and analyzed, various numerical values can be obtained according to the solution to simulate the flow field distribution around the submarine pipeline and the change of the sand bed scouring form, for example, and calculating data such as the turbulent viscosity change condition, the average turbulent kinetic energy and the like of each fluid in the fluid assembly according to the set turbulent model, and obtaining the flow velocity of different positions around the pipeline at different moments according to the calculated data at different moments so as to simulate the flow velocity field around the pipeline.
It should be noted that, since the inducing pit is arranged below the pipeline assembly, after the scouring process is performed, according to the calculated critical shield number, bed load sand transport rate, entrainment lift coefficient of the sediment and the like, and in combination with information such as coordinates of the sand bed assembly, the scouring form of the sand bed and the extension change process of the scouring pit at different stages caused by sediment transport can be simulated in the process of fluid scouring the sand bed.
In an embodiment of the present application, simulating the expansion change process of the erosion pit includes determining a shoal formed by the fluid erosion of the sand bed, and simulating a morphological change and an expansion direction of the shoal, wherein simulating the morphological change of the shoal includes: generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart; and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal. Furthermore, a zero flow velocity zone at the beach shoulder can be determined according to a flow velocity field around the submarine pipeline, and the position of a vortex which induces vortex-induced vibration of the submarine pipeline is determined according to the zero flow velocity zone.
For example, in the initial stage of flushing, when water flows through an induction small hole preset in the middle of a bed surface below a pipeline, the water flow is contracted, the flow rate is increased, the flushing of a pore passage near the small hole is intensified, and the flushing process is started. At the shoulder-crossing position where the pipeline and the sand bed are connected, the shearing force of the bed surface is large, so that the shoulder-crossing is continuously collapsed, the shoulder-crossing is longitudinally expanded towards two sides along the axis of the pipeline, and the silt below the pipeline is accelerated to be conveyed to the downstream to form a shoal, namely the shoal at the first moment as shown in fig. 3.
Along with the continuous scouring process, scouring is continuously expanded along the axial direction of the pipeline, and meanwhile, the sedimentation range of the downstream silt is continuously expanded, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the beach shoulders are scoured to be semi-elliptical at the subsequent stages such as the second moment, the third moment and the like, and are sedimentated and expanded from the two sides in the direction right behind the induction hole. The area formed by the beach shoulder and the pipeline can be regarded as a scouring pit for scouring. Meanwhile, by means of the generated flow line diagram around the submarine pipeline, (wherein the flow line diagram is a diagram showing the fluid operation condition at a certain moment, and is shown in fig. 8, a flow line is drawn on the flow line diagram, and arrows show the flow direction of the fluid), it can be seen that when water flows through two sides of a beach shoulder formed by silt deposition, a large number of vortexes are generated and continue to erode the beach shoulder, and the shape of the vortexes gradually tends to the streamline shape shown in fig. 6, so that the shape change and the expansion direction of the beach shoulder at different times, namely the expansion change process of the flushing brush, shown in fig. 3 to fig. 6 is simulated by analyzing the erosion of the beach shoulder.
In addition, from the obtained information of the flow velocity field around the subsea pipeline, a flow velocity field distribution diagram around the subsea pipeline as shown in fig. 7 can be generated, as can be seen from the figure, near the upstream pipeline, i.e. in front of the fluid flushing pipeline, e.g. at the left side of the pipeline as shown in fig. 7, a zero flow velocity zone 1, i.e. a set of stagnation points at the upstream edge of the pipeline, is generated due to the obstructed flow of water. Two low-flow-velocity zones 2 are formed near the downstream shoal at the edges of the two sides of the shoal, two obvious zero-flow-velocity zones are formed at the two sides of the scouring pit and near the junction of the shoal and the bed surface, and the reason that the zero-flow-velocity zones are possibly generated is deduced according to the positions of the zero-flow-velocity zones. Therefore, by the aid of the simulation method, the shedding condition of the vortex behind the pipeline can be accurately simulated.
As another example, after the flushing is started, as the flushing gap (i.e. the distance between the flushing pit and the pipeline) is increased, the obstruction of the water flow is reduced, the flow velocity below the pipeline is reduced, the average turbulence kinetic energy of the flow field is reduced along with the reduction, and the turbulence kinetic energy is reduced, which indicates that the turbulence degree of the flow field is reduced. Flow information around the pipe can be calculated from the calculated average turbulence energy.
Further, the calculation results are displayed in a display mode corresponding to the CFD simulation software, for example, when the FlOW3D software is adopted as the simulation software, the calculation results are output through the FlOW3D software and the FlowSight software carried by the software, and the results are displayed in a text and image mode.
Therefore, the three-dimensional numerical simulation method can calculate the flow field information around the submarine pipeline, simulate the expansion change process of the scoured pits at different times, further calculate the longitudinal expansion rate of the scoured pits according to the expansion degree at different times, facilitate the analysis of the state of the pipeline, and timely execute preventive measures to avoid the pipeline from being damaged.
In summary, the three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid scouring of a submarine pipeline according to the embodiment of the present application establishes a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline in CFD software, simulates a scene of fluid scouring of the submarine pipeline by the CFD numerical simulation method, and starts a process of fluid scouring of a sand bed by providing an induction pit, so as to simulate longitudinal extension of the scouring pit along the axis direction of the pipeline, thereby simultaneously calculating a flow field change around the pipeline and a change of a sand bed scouring form, facilitating analysis of a silt starting mechanism and a scouring evolution law, solving a problem of multiphase fluid-solid coupling of the pipeline, water flow and silt during scouring of the submarine pipeline, acquiring flow field change information during the scouring of the submarine pipeline and analyzing a longitudinal extension rate of the scouring pit, and determining a position of a vortex which may cause vortex-induced vortex resonance of the pipeline, therefore, vortex-induced resonance of the pipeline can be effectively avoided in time, and the safety of the submarine pipeline is improved.
In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application further provides a three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid-flushing a subsea pipeline according to the embodiments of the present application, and as shown in fig. 9, the system includes a first setting module 100, a second setting module 200, an establishing module 300, a third setting module 400, a fourth setting module 500, and a calculating module 600.
The first setting module 100 is configured to establish a simulation task in preset computational fluid dynamics CFD simulation software, and set a total computation time, fluid compressibility, a fluid quantity, and a unit system in the simulation task.
The second setting module 200 is used for setting the physical model and the physical parameters of the physical model required by the simulation task, and importing the category and the attribute of the fluid from the fluid material library.
The building module 300 is used for building a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, the attributes of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model are set, and an induction pit is arranged below the pipeline assembly.
And a third setting module 400, configured to perform mesh division on the computation domain of the three-dimensional flush model, and set an initial condition and a boundary condition of the computation domain.
The fourth setting module 500 is configured to set an output time interval and a type of output data of the simulation task, determine a calculation method for solving a numerical value, and set a calculation time step.
And the calculation module 600 is used for operating simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline, and simulating an expansion change process of the scour pit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation module 600 is specifically configured to: determining the beach shoulders formed by scouring of the sand bed, and simulating the form change and the extension direction of the beach shoulders.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation module 600 is further configured to: generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart; and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the flow field information around the subsea pipeline includes a flow velocity field around the subsea pipeline, and the calculation module 600 is further configured to: and determining a zero flow velocity zone at the beach shoulder according to the flow velocity field, and determining the position of a vortex which induces the vortex-induced vibration of the submarine pipeline according to the zero flow velocity zone.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second setting module 200 is specifically configured to: setting a turbulence model, a critical Shields model, a local Shields model, a entrainment lift model of silt, a sedimentation model, a bed load transportation model and a suspended silt concentration model.
Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the second setup module 200 is further configured to represent the critical Shields model by the following formula:
wherein,
wherein beta is the slope angle of the riverbed,
is a predetermined angle of repose of the silt,. psi.*,iIs a dimensionless parameter for describing the particle size of the i-th silt, i being the kind of silt.
It should be noted that the explanation of the above embodiment of the three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid scouring of subsea pipelines is also applicable to the system of the embodiment, and the details are not repeated here
To sum up, the three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid scouring of the submarine pipeline in the embodiment of the application can simultaneously calculate the flow field change around the pipeline and the change of the scouring form of a sand bed, is beneficial to analyzing a silt starting mechanism and a scouring evolution rule, and solves the problem of multiphase fluid-solid coupling of the pipeline, water flow and silt during scouring of the submarine pipeline. .
In order to achieve the above embodiments, the present application further proposes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid scour of subsea pipelines as described in any one of the above embodiments.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional numerical simulation method for fluid scouring of submarine pipelines is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a simulation task in preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software, and setting the total computation time, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system in the simulation task;
setting a physical model required by the simulation task and physical parameters of the physical model, and introducing the category and the attribute of the fluid from a fluid material library;
establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of a submarine pipeline, wherein the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, setting attributes of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model, and arranging an induction pit below the pipeline assembly;
carrying out grid division on a calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model, and setting initial conditions and boundary conditions of the calculation domain;
setting the output time interval and the type of output data of the simulation task, determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value, and setting a calculation time step length;
and (4) running simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline, and simulating an expansion change process of the scoured pit.
2. The simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the simulation of the expansion change process of the flushing pits comprises:
determining a beach shoulder formed by flushing the sand bed with fluid, and simulating the form change and the expansion direction of the beach shoulder.
3. The simulation method of claim 2, wherein the simulating the berm morph comprises:
generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart;
and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal.
4. The simulation method according to claim 2, wherein the flow field information around the submarine pipeline includes a flow velocity field around the submarine pipeline, and after obtaining the flow field information around the submarine pipeline, the method further comprises:
and determining a zero flow velocity zone at the beach shoulder according to the flow velocity field, and determining the position of a vortex which induces the vortex-induced vibration of the submarine pipeline according to the zero flow velocity zone.
5. The simulation method of claim 1, wherein the physical model comprises: turbulence models, critical Shields models, local Shields models, entrainment lift models for silt, sedimentation models, bed load transport models, and suspended silt concentration models.
6. The simulation method of claim 5, wherein the critical Shields model is represented by the following formula:
wherein,
wherein beta is the slope angle of the riverbed,
is a preset angle of repose of the silt,. psi.*,iIs a dimensionless parameter describing the particle size of the i-th silt, i being the kind of silt.
7. A three-dimensional numerical simulation system for fluid scour of subsea pipelines, comprising:
the system comprises a first setting module, a second setting module and a third setting module, wherein the first setting module is used for establishing a simulation task in preset Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation software and setting the total computation time, fluid compressibility, fluid quantity and unit system in the simulation task;
the second setting module is used for setting the physical model required by the simulation task and the physical parameters of the physical model, and importing the category and the attribute of the fluid from the fluid material library;
the system comprises an establishing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the establishing module is used for establishing a three-dimensional scouring model of the submarine pipeline, the three-dimensional scouring model comprises a pipeline assembly, a sand bed assembly and a fluid assembly, the attribute of each assembly of the three-dimensional scouring model is set, and an induction pit is arranged below the pipeline assembly;
the third setting module is used for carrying out grid division on the calculation domain of the three-dimensional scouring model and setting the initial condition and the boundary condition of the calculation domain;
the fourth setting module is used for setting the output time interval and the type of the output data of the simulation task, determining a calculation method for solving a numerical value and setting a calculation time step length;
and the calculation module is used for operating simulation calculation, processing and analyzing the generated calculation result, obtaining flow field information around the submarine pipeline and simulating an expansion change process of the scoured pit.
8. The simulation system of claim 7, wherein the calculation module is specifically configured to: determining a beach shoulder formed by scouring of the sand bed, and simulating the form change and the extension direction of the beach shoulder.
9. The simulation system of claim 8, wherein the calculation module is further configured to:
generating a flow chart around the pipeline, and determining a plurality of vortexes formed by the whirling fluid according to the flow chart;
and simulating the form change of the shoal according to the erosion of the plurality of vortices to the shoal.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method for three-dimensional numerical simulation of fluid scour of subsea pipelines as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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