CN113946033A - High-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens - Google Patents
High-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN113946033A CN113946033A CN202111144813.4A CN202111144813A CN113946033A CN 113946033 A CN113946033 A CN 113946033A CN 202111144813 A CN202111144813 A CN 202111144813A CN 113946033 A CN113946033 A CN 113946033A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens which comprises a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5 and a filter, wherein the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the second lens L2 is a double-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the third lens L3 is a double-convex spherical lens with positive focal power, the fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave spherical lens with positive focal power, the fifth lens L5 is a convex-concave aspheric lens with positive focal power, and the ratio range of the effective focal length of the lens to the total optical length of the lens is limited, so that the lens has a larger field angle. The resolution of the lens reaches more than 300 ten thousand pixels, the field angle can reach 150 degrees, the F number # F is less than or equal to 1.15, the lens has a larger shooting range and higher relative illumination, and clear imaging can be still maintained in an environment of-40 to +105 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical lenses, and particularly relates to a high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens.
Background
With the promotion of intelligent detection technology, the 3D space detection technology based on laser radar is developing vigorously. Because the laser radar has the advantages of high detection precision, strong anti-interference capability, long coverage range, wide application range and the like, the laser radar is applied to the military and civil fields; meanwhile, the laser radar is the only device capable of sensing surrounding image information in an all-dimensional and three-dimensional manner on the unmanned intelligent driving automobile of the level above L3 at present, and the unmanned driving automobile opens up a wide road for the application of the laser radar in the future. The camera lens of application on the laser radar sensor needs to provide comparatively accurate initial three-dimensional data for subsequent 3D space modeling, also guarantees that imaging quality is good under extreme environment simultaneously. Therefore, the development of a laser radar lens having a large relative aperture, a high resolution, a large field angle, and no defocus at an extreme environmental temperature is more urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens, which has the resolution of more than 300 ten thousand pixels, the field angle of 150 degrees and the F-number # F of less than or equal to 1.15, has a larger shooting range and higher relative illumination and can still keep clear imaging in an environment of-40 to +105 ℃.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens, which comprises a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5 and a filter, wherein the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the second lens L2 is a double-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the third lens L3 is a double-convex spherical lens with positive focal power, the fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave spherical lens with positive focal power, and the fifth lens L5 is a convex-concave aspheric lens with positive focal power, and the following conditions are met:
0.06<f0/TTL<0.15
where f0 is the effective focal length of the lens, and TTL is the total optical length of the lens.
Preferably, a STOP is provided between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4.
Preferably, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
f1/f0<0
where f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f0 is the effective focal length of the lens.
Preferably, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
0.5<|f1/f3|<1.2
where f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3.
Preferably, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
1.6<n1<1.85，1.5<n2<1.75，1.55<n3<1.8，1.5<n4<1.7，1.6<n5<1.75
where n1 is the d-light refractive index of the first lens L1, n2 is the d-light refractive index of the second lens L2, n3 is the d-light refractive index of the third lens L3, n4 is the d-light refractive index of the fourth lens L4, and n5 is the d-light refractive index of the fifth lens L5.
Preferably, the working waveband of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is 865nm to 915 nm.
Preferably, the maximum field angle of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted lidar lens is 150 °.
Preferably, the F-number # F of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is less than or equal to 1.15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the specific range of the effective focal length of the lens and the optical total length of the lens is limited, so that the lens has a larger field angle which can reach 150 degrees and has a larger shooting range; by adopting a small number of lenses, reasonably configuring the focal power of the lenses and setting the position of the diaphragm, the resolution of the lens reaches more than 300 ten thousand pixels, the F number # F is less than or equal to 1.15, the relative illumination in the range of 865-915 nm of working wavelength is more than 78%, and the clear imaging can be kept without defocusing under the environment of-40 ℃ to +105 ℃, so that the method can be applied to the technical field of 3D space detection, such as the cooperation with a laser radar sensor on an unmanned automobile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high resolution wide angle vehicle laser radar lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a MTF graph according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of MTF at-40 ℃ in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of MTF at a high temperature of +105 ℃ in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of relative illuminance in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a MTF graph according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a MTF curve at-40 ℃ for the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of MTF at a high temperature of +105 ℃ according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph showing relative illuminance in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It is to be noted that, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
As shown in fig. 1, a high resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens includes a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5 and an optical filter, which are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, wherein the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the second lens L2 is a double-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the third lens L3 is a double-convex spherical lens with positive focal power, the fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave spherical lens with positive focal power, and the fifth lens L5 is a convex-concave aspheric lens with positive focal power, and the following conditions are satisfied:
0.06<f0/TTL<0.15
where f0 is the effective focal length of the lens, and TTL is the total optical length of the lens.
The first lens L1, the second lens L2, the third lens L3, and the fourth lens L4 of the lens are spherical lenses, and the fifth lens L5 is an aspherical lens. The first lens L1 has a light receiving function, the second lens L2 can correct off-axis aberration, the third lens L3 can be arranged to reduce a deflection angle for light entering and is beneficial to compensating high and low temperature defocusing, the fourth lens L4 is used for correcting on-axis aberration, and the fifth lens L5 adopts an aspheric lens, so that an optical system can reasonably correct aberration under the condition of having a large field angle, distortion can be well compensated, the lens has high resolution, and a Chief Ray Angle (CRA) is reduced to match a photosensitive chip to improve the light energy receiving efficiency of the chip. The optical filter can filter out stray light and improve the imaging resolution of the lens.
The ratio range of the effective focal length of the lens and the optical total length of the lens is limited, so that the lens has a larger field angle which can reach 150 degrees and has a larger shooting range; the optical power of the lens is reasonably configured and the position of the diaphragm is set by only adopting five lens lenses, so that the resolution of the lens reaches more than 300 ten thousand pixels, the F number # F is less than or equal to 1.15, the contrast in the working wavelength range is high, the lens is not defocused in the environment of minus 40 ℃ to plus 105 ℃, clear imaging can be still kept in an extreme environment, the structure is simple, and the lens can be applied to the technical field of 3D space detection, such as the cooperation with a laser radar sensor on an unmanned automobile.
In one embodiment, a STOP is disposed between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4. The STOP serves to limit the on-axis beam aperture and helps to improve image quality.
In one embodiment, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
f1/f0<0
where f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f0 is the effective focal length of the lens.
In one embodiment, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
0.5<|f1/f3|<1.2
where f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f3 is the effective focal length of the third lens L3.
By defining the focal length ratio of the first lens L1 and the lens and the focal length ratio of the first lens L1 and the third lens L3, the aberration of the lens can be corrected, which is beneficial to improving the image quality and insensitive to the assembly tolerance of the lens.
In one embodiment, the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further satisfies the following condition:
1.6<n1<1.85，1.5<n2<1.75，1.55<n3<1.8，1.5<n4<1.7，1.6<n5<1.75
where n1 is the d-light refractive index of the first lens L1, n2 is the d-light refractive index of the second lens L2, n3 is the d-light refractive index of the third lens L3, n4 is the d-light refractive index of the fourth lens L4, and n5 is the d-light refractive index of the fifth lens L5.
Through reasonable distribution of the refractive indexes of the materials, all the lenses in the lens are made to have shapes which are easy to process, the cost is effectively reduced, and the stability of the lens is improved.
In one embodiment, the working band of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is 865nm to 915 nm. The relative illumination of the lens in the range of 865nm to 915nm is larger than 78%, and the captured brightness information has higher reduction degree.
In one embodiment, the maximum field angle of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted lidar lens is 150 °. Has a larger shooting range.
In one embodiment, the F-number # F of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is less than or equal to 1.15. The lens has a large aperture and a short focal length, so that the lens has a large luminous flux.
The following detailed description further discloses specific parameters of the lens according to a specific embodiment.
Example 1:
this embodiment adopts full glass lens structure for the camera lens has good stability. The effective focal length f1 of the first lens L1 is-9.8, and the effective focal length f3 of the third lens L3 is 16.7.
The relevant parameters for each lens are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In table 1, S1 and S2 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens L1, S3 and S4 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the second lens L2, S5 and S6 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens L3, S8 and S9 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4, S10 and S11 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5, and S12 and S13 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the filter, respectively.
The aspherical lens of the present embodiment satisfies the following formula:
wherein z is rise, C is 1/r, r is surface curvature radius, h is radial coordinate, k is cone coefficient, a is fourth order coefficient, B is sixth order coefficient, C is eighth order coefficient, D is tenth order coefficient, and E is twelfth order coefficient.
The aspheric coefficients are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The technical indexes realized by the embodiment are as follows:
1. focal length: f0 is 3.3 mm;
2. f-number # F is 1.15;
3. the working wavelength is as follows: 895nm +/-20 nm;
4. angle of view 2 ω: 150 degrees;
5. relative illuminance: the relative illumination of the whole field of view is more than 78%;
6. total optical length: <47 mm.
The final imaging effect of the embodiment is evaluated by the MTF curve in fig. 2, the MTF curve in each field is gradually decreased, and the MTF is >0.45 when the full-field resolution is 60lp/mm, which indicates that the lens has good imaging effect and resolution in the full field. Fig. 3 and 4 are MTF curves at a low temperature of-40 ℃ and a high temperature of +105 ℃, respectively, and it can be seen that the MTF of the lens is greater than 0.4 when the resolution is 60lp/mm in an extreme temperature range environment of-40 ℃ to +105 ℃, and still can maintain a good image quality. The illuminance curve of fig. 5 shows that the relative illuminance of the marginal field of view reaches 78%, and the full-frame illuminance is uniform.
Example 2:
this embodiment adopts full glass lens structure for the camera lens has good stability. The effective focal length f1 of the first lens L1 is-11.3, and the effective focal length f3 of the third lens L3 is 15.5.
The relevant parameters for each lens are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| Surface number | Surface type | Radius of curvature | Thickness of | Refractive index | Abbe number |
| Article surface | Spherical surface | Infinity | Infinity | ||
| S1 | Spherical surface | 85.1 | 2.1 | 1.75 | 49.8 |
| S2 | Spherical surface | 6.5 | 4.5 | ||
| S3 | Spherical surface | -75.6 | 2.2 | 1.54 | 61.2 |
| S4 | Spherical surface | 6.9 | 6.5 | ||
| S5 | Spherical surface | 10.2 | 5.6 | 1.57 | 70.6 |
| S6 | Spherical surface | -40.2 | 1.4 | ||
| Stop | Spherical surface | Infinity | -1 | ||
| S8 | Spherical surface | 10.3 | 2.7 | 1.69 | 50.5 |
| S9 | Spherical surface | 25.7 | 2.6 | ||
| S10 | Aspherical surface | 35.8 | 4.8 | 1.71 | 29.3 |
| S11 | Aspherical surface | -10.9 | 1 | ||
| S12 | Spherical surface | Infinity | 0.7 | 1.52 | 64.2 |
| S13 | Spherical surface | Infinity | 6.6 | ||
| Image plane (IMA) | Spherical surface | Infinity |
In table 3, S1 and S2 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the first lens L1, S3 and S4 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the second lens L2, S5 and S6 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens L3, S8 and S9 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4, S10 and S11 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5, and S12 and S13 correspond to the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the filter, respectively.
The aspherical lens of the present embodiment satisfies the following formula:
wherein z is rise, C is 1/r, r is surface curvature radius, h is radial coordinate, k is cone coefficient, a is fourth order coefficient, B is sixth order coefficient, C is eighth order coefficient, D is tenth order coefficient, and E is twelfth order coefficient.
The aspheric coefficients are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
The technical indexes realized by the embodiment are as follows:
1. focal length: f0 ═ 3.32 mm;
2. f-number # F is 1.15;
3. the working wavelength is as follows: 885nm +/-20 nm;
4. angle of view 2 ω: 150 degrees;
5. relative illuminance: the relative illumination of the whole field of view is more than 78%;
6. total optical length: <50 mm.
The final imaging effect of the embodiment is evaluated by the MTF curve in fig. 6, the MTF curve in each field is gradually decreased, and the MTF is >0.44 when the full-field resolution is 60lp/mm, which indicates that the lens has better imaging effect and resolution in the full field. Fig. 7 and 8 are MTF curves at a low temperature of-40 ℃ and a high temperature of +105 ℃, respectively, and it can be seen that the MTF of the lens is greater than 0.38 when the resolution is 60lp/mm in an extreme temperature range environment of-40 ℃ to +105 ℃, and still can maintain a good image quality. The illuminance curve of fig. 9 shows that the relative illuminance of the marginal field of view reaches 78%, and the full-frame illuminance is uniform.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the more specific and detailed embodiments described in the present application, but not be construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high resolution wide angle vehicle laser radar camera lens which characterized in that: the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens comprises a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5 and an optical filter, wherein the first lens L1 is a convex-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the second lens L2 is a double-concave spherical lens with negative focal power, the third lens L3 is a double-convex spherical lens with positive focal power, the fourth lens L4 is a convex-concave spherical lens with positive focal power, the fifth lens L5 is a convex-concave aspheric lens with positive focal power, and the following conditions are met:
0.06<f0/TTL<0.15
where f0 is the effective focal length of the lens, and TTL is the total optical length of the lens.
2. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: a STOP is provided between the third lens L3 and the fourth lens L4.
3. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further meets the following conditions:
f1/f0<0
wherein f1 is the effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f0 is the effective focal length of the lens.
4. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further meets the following conditions:
0.5<|f1/f3|<1.2
wherein f1 is an effective focal length of the first lens L1, and f3 is an effective focal length of the third lens L3.
5. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens further meets the following conditions:
1.6<n1<1.85，1.5<n2<1.75，1.55<n3<1.8，1.5<n4<1.7，1.6<n5<1.75
wherein n1 is a d-optical refractive index of the first lens L1, n2 is a d-optical refractive index of the second lens L2, n3 is a d-optical refractive index of the third lens L3, n4 is a d-optical refractive index of the fourth lens L4, and n5 is a d-optical refractive index of the fifth lens L5.
6. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: the working waveband of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is 865nm to 915 nm.
7. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: the maximum field angle of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is 150 degrees.
8. The high-resolution wide-angle vehicle lidar lens of claim 1, wherein: and the F-number # F of the high-resolution wide-angle vehicle-mounted laser radar lens is less than or equal to 1.15.
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| CN114415346A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-04-29 | 江西联创电子有限公司 | Optical lens |
| CN117991479A (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-05-07 | 宁波永新光学股份有限公司 | Laser radar receiving optical lens |
| CN117991479B (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-06-07 | 宁波永新光学股份有限公司 | Laser radar receiving optical lens |
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| CN113946033B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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