CN113945386B - Thrust determination method for ground pulley dynamic test engine of hair extension system - Google Patents
Thrust determination method for ground pulley dynamic test engine of hair extension system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113945386B CN113945386B CN202111117964.0A CN202111117964A CN113945386B CN 113945386 B CN113945386 B CN 113945386B CN 202111117964 A CN202111117964 A CN 202111117964A CN 113945386 B CN113945386 B CN 113945386B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/14—Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0038—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pushing force
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of engine tests, and particularly relates to a method for determining thrust of an engine in a dynamic test of a ground pulley of a hair play system. The method mainly comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring friction force, aerodynamic force and inertial force of the whole pulley; s2, determining a first thrust of the engine according to the balance relation among the friction force, aerodynamic force, inertial force and thrust of the pulley; s3, obtaining branch counter force between the air inlet channel and the engine and between the spray pipe and the engine; s4, determining the inner flow acting force according to the balance relation among the counter force, the inner flow acting force and the inertia force born by the component, and taking the inner flow acting force as the second thrust of the engine; and S5, determining the final thrust of the engine by weighting according to the weighting coefficients of the first thrust of the engine and the second thrust of the engine. The application fully considers the influence of the pulley acceleration effect on the thrust measurement, and can more accurately obtain the transient thrust characteristic of the hair play system in the ground running state.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of engine tests, and particularly relates to a method for determining thrust of an engine in a dynamic test of a ground pulley of a hair play system.
Background
The dynamic test of the ground pulley of the hair play system is a test that the hair play system, the relevant part of the aircraft body and the fairing are integrally arranged on the pulley frame, and the pulley slides along a high-precision ground slide rail under the thrust action of a tested engine so as to obtain the hair play matching characteristic of the hair play system in the ground sliding state. In the previous period of the test, the engine rotating speed state is kept unchanged, the whole pulley overcomes the friction force and aerodynamic force born by the pulley under the action of the engine thrust to accelerate the running, and in the process, the friction force, aerodynamic force and thrust of an advancing and discharging system born by the pulley are all changed along with the continuous increase of the running speed of the pulley. The accurate calculation of the transient thrust characteristics of the development system becomes a technical problem faced by the ground pulley dynamic test.
The traditional thrust pin thrust measuring method is widely applied to an engine test bed test, but is not applicable to a ground pulley dynamic test of an issuing system. The reason is that the pulley always has a certain acceleration in the dynamic test process of the ground pulley of the running-in system, and the acceleration has a larger influence on the strain of the thrust pin in the state, but the influence of the acceleration on the strain of the thrust pin is not considered in the traditional thrust pin measuring thrust method. In order to accurately obtain the transient thrust characteristics of the emission system in the acceleration state, a thrust solution method must be developed which fully considers the influence of acceleration on the thrust pin strain.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a method for determining the thrust of an engine for a dynamic test of a ground pulley of a hair play system, which mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring friction force, aerodynamic force and inertial force of the whole pulley;
s2, determining a first thrust of the engine according to the balance relation among the friction force, aerodynamic force, inertial force and thrust of the pulley;
s3, obtaining branch counter force between the air inlet channel and the engine and between the spray pipe and the engine;
s4, determining the inner flow acting force according to the balance relation among the counter force, the inner flow acting force and the inertia force born by the component, and taking the inner flow acting force as the second thrust of the engine;
and S5, determining the final thrust of the engine by weighting according to the weighting coefficients of the first thrust of the engine and the second thrust of the engine.
Preferably, in step S1, the friction force includes a sum of friction forces generated by lateral pressure and vertical pressure, including:
F f ＝μ(N y +N z )
wherein mu is the friction coefficient between the pulley and the sliding rail, N y And N z The lateral pressure and the vertical pressure, respectively.
Preferably, the lateral pressure calculation formula is as follows:
N y ＝F y +E y
wherein F is y And E is y The lateral aerodynamic force applied to the pulley and the lateral force component of the inflow in the air inlet and exhaust system are respectively.
Preferably, the vertical pressure is calculated as follows:
N z ＝G+F z +E z
wherein G is the gravity of the pulley, F z And E is z The vertical aerodynamic force of the pulley and the vertical force component of the inflow of the air inlet and outlet system are respectively.
Preferably, in step S1, the aerodynamic force is calculated by CFD.
Preferably, in step S1, the aerodynamic force is calculated by wind tunnel test.
Preferably, determining the aerodynamic force comprises:
s11, determining a lift force coefficient, a resistance coefficient and a lateral force coefficient of the pulley in a low-speed state;
step S12, determining aerodynamic force of the pulley in each speed state, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ρ is the atmospheric density of the test environment, V is the running speed of the pulley, S ref For reference area, C z Is the lift coefficient, C x As drag coefficient, C y Is the lateral force coefficient.
Preferably, in step S3, the counter force is measured by a pull pressure rod or a thrust pin provided on a connection structure between the intake duct and the engine, and the nozzle and the engine.
Preferably, in step S4, the weighting factor is determined by a pulley test of an engine equipped with a standard inlet duct and nozzle.
The application fully considers the influence of the pulley acceleration effect on the thrust measurement, and can more accurately obtain the transient thrust characteristic of the hair play system in the ground running state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining thrust of a ground tackle dynamic test engine of an emission system of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application become more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the application, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application provides a method for determining thrust of an engine in a dynamic test of a ground pulley of an advance and discharge system. The method comprises 3 steps of overall calculation, local calculation and comprehensive analysis. When the whole pulley is calculated by the integral method, the whole pulley is taken as a research object, the research object is balanced under the actions of friction force, aerodynamic force, thrust and inertia force, the friction force is estimated according to the friction coefficient and stress condition between the pulley and the sliding rail, the aerodynamic force is obtained according to CFD calculation or wind tunnel test on the aerodynamic shape of the pulley, the inertia force is calculated by measuring the acceleration and weight of the pulley, and finally the thrust of the transmission and drainage system is calculated according to the balance relation of all forces borne by the pulley. When the local method is calculated, according to the specific connection form between the air inlet channel and the engine as well as between the spray pipe and the engine, the concurrent system is decomposed into different parts to be respectively processed, the stress of each part comprises three types of forces including the acting force of inflow, the supporting reaction force of the pulley frame and the inertial force, the supporting reaction force is obtained through experimental measurement, the inertial force is calculated according to the acceleration and the weight of each part, finally, the inflow acting force born by each part is calculated according to the stress balance relation of each part, and the superposition of the inflow acting forces of each part is the thrust of the concurrent system. And finally, comprehensively analyzing according to the overall calculation and the local calculation results, and obtaining the final thrust of the feeding and discharging system through weighted summation.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for determining the thrust of the engine for the dynamic test of the ground pulley of the hair play system mainly comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring friction force, aerodynamic force and inertial force of the whole pulley;
s2, determining a first thrust of the engine according to the balance relation among the friction force, aerodynamic force, inertial force and thrust of the pulley;
s3, obtaining branch counter force between the air inlet channel and the engine and between the spray pipe and the engine;
s4, determining the inner flow acting force according to the balance relation among the counter force, the inner flow acting force and the inertia force born by the component, and taking the inner flow acting force as the second thrust of the engine;
and S5, determining the final thrust of the engine by weighting according to the weighting coefficients of the first thrust of the engine and the second thrust of the engine.
Wherein, step S1 and step S2 are overall resolving steps, step S3 and step S4 are local resolving steps, and step S5 is comprehensive analyzing step.
And during integral calculation, the whole pulley is regarded as a research object, the research object is balanced under the action of friction force, aerodynamic force, thrust and inertia force, the friction force is estimated according to the friction coefficient between the pulley and the sliding rail, the aerodynamic force is obtained according to CFD calculation or wind tunnel test on the aerodynamic shape of the pulley, the inertia force is calculated by measuring the acceleration and the weight of the pulley, and finally the thrust of the emission system is calculated according to the balance relation of all the forces borne by the pulley. The accuracy of the solution method depends on the accuracy of the aerodynamic force calculation or test and the accuracy of the friction coefficient estimation between the sled and the sled. In particular, the influence of the vertical and lateral aerodynamic forces of the trolley on the friction is taken into account when calculating the friction.
First consider friction force F f Is calculated as follows:
F f ＝μ(N y +N z )
wherein mu is a friction coefficient between the pulley and the sliding rail, the friction coefficient depends on materials, roughness, lubrication degree and the like of the pulley and the sliding rail, and the mu value is required to be obtained as accurately as possible through experiments; n (N) y And N z The lateral pressure and the vertical pressure respectively need to consider the lateral aerodynamic force born by the pulley and the force component possibly generated by the inflow of the inflow and the outflow system in the lateral direction, firstly, if the aerodynamic shape of the pulley is in an asymmetric shape or the influence of the lateral wind exists in the test, the lateral aerodynamic force born by the pulley needs to be considered, secondly, for the test of the complicated special-shaped inflow and outflow system, particularly, the expansion eccentricity exists in the inlet channel/the jet pipe or a certain lateral angle exists in the jet flow, the force component generated by the inflow of the inflow and the outflow system in the lateral direction needs to be considered, and therefore, the lateral pressure calculation formula is as follows:
N y ＝F y +E y
wherein F is y And E is y The lateral aerodynamic force applied to the pulley and the lateral force component of the inflow in the air inlet and exhaust system are respectively. The vertical pressure needs to consider the lateral aerodynamic force exerted on the pulley and the force component which can be generated by the inflow and exhaust system in the lateral direction and the weight of the pulley. For complex special-shaped intake and exhaust system tests, especially when the vertical eccentricity exists in an intake duct/a spray pipe or a certain vertical angle exists in a spray, force components generated in the vertical direction in the inflow and exhaust system must be considered. The vertical pressure calculation formula is as follows:
N z ＝G+F z +E z
wherein G is the gravity of the pulley, F z And E is z The vertical aerodynamic force of the pulley and the vertical force component of the inflow of the air inlet and outlet system are respectively.
Considering calculation of aerodynamic force, the aerodynamic force is obtained through CFD calculation or wind tunnel test, and in the dynamic test process of the ground pulley of the running-in system, the speed of the pulley continuously changes, and the CFD calculation or wind tunnel test is not realistic for each speed state. According to the aerodynamic characteristics of the pulley in the low-speed state, the aerodynamic coefficient of the pulley in the low-speed state can be considered to be basically unchanged, so that the aerodynamic force of the pulley in each speed state can be obtained by determining the lift coefficient, the resistance coefficient and the lateral force coefficient of the pulley in the low-speed state through CFD calculation or wind tunnel test, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ρ is the atmospheric density of the test environment, V is the running speed of the pulley, S ref For referenceArea (note S) ref To be consistent with CFD calculations or wind tunnel tests and taking into account the effect of scaling ratio), C x 、C y 、C z Aerodynamic coefficients of the pulley in heading, lateral and vertical directions (lift coefficient C z Coefficient of resistance C x And a side force coefficient C y )。
Considering the calculation of the inertial force, the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein a is the pulley acceleration, which is directly measured in the test.
In addition, the force components generated in the lateral direction and the vertical direction by the internal flow of the air inlet and exhaust system are obtained by test measurement according to the configuration of the air inlet and the spray pipe and the specific connection form between the air inlet and the engine and between the spray pipe and the engine. If the air inlet channel and the spray pipe have no eccentric distance, the force components generated in the lateral direction and the vertical direction in the air inlet and exhaust system can be ignored; if only the spanwise eccentricity is present, only the measurement of the lateral force component is considered; if only the vertical eccentricity exists, only the measurement of the vertical force component is considered; if both spanwise and vertical eccentricities are present, then the measurement of both lateral and vertical force components needs to be considered.
Finally, according to the balance relation of the forces to which the pulley is subjected, namely
E x -F f -F x -F I ＝0
The dynamic test thrust of the ground pulley of the feeding and discharging system is obtained by calculation
E x ＝F f +F x +F I
The calculation formulas of friction force, aerodynamic force and inertial force are brought into the above formula to obtain
During local calculation, according to the specific connection form between the air inlet channel and the engine as well as between the spray pipe and the engine, the concurrent system is decomposed into different parts to be respectively processed, the stress of each part comprises three types of forces including the acting force of inflow, the supporting reaction force of the pulley frame and the inertial force, the supporting reaction force is obtained through experimental measurement, the inertial force is calculated according to the acceleration and the weight of each part, finally, the inflow acting force born by each part is calculated according to the stress balance relation of each part, and the superposition of the inflow acting forces of each part is the thrust of the concurrent system.
The specific connection forms between the air inlet and the engine and the specific connection forms between the spray pipe and the engine comprise four combinations, and are shown in table 1. M in the Table jin 、M fa 、M pai The mass of the air inlet channel, the engine and the spray pipe are respectively M fa_pai 、M jin_fa 、M jin_fa_pai The total mass of the engine, the jet pipe, the air inlet channel and the running gear after the engine is fixedly connected with the jet pipe, and the a is the acceleration of the pulley.
Table 1 thrust force calculation formula for hair extension system under combination of different connection forms
And finally, comprehensively analyzing to determine the thrust of the final hair-growing and hair-growing system. The specific steps are that the weighting coefficient is determined according to the test data of the pulley for multiple tests (the weighting coefficient is determined according to the pulley test of an engine (with known thrust) provided with a standard air inlet channel and a jet pipe), and then the thrust obtained through integral calculation and the thrust obtained through local calculation are weighted and averaged to obtain the progressive thrust of the dynamic test of the pulley.
The application provides a dynamic test thrust solving method for a ground pulley of an advance and discharge system, which definitely provides test measurement items and notes required by the use of the solving method. The calculation method fully considers the influence of the pulley acceleration effect on the thrust measurement, and can accurately obtain the transient thrust characteristic of the hair play system in the ground running state.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should be included in the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The thrust determination method for the dynamic test engine of the ground pulley of the hair extension system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring friction force, aerodynamic force and inertial force of the whole pulley;
s2, determining a first thrust of the engine according to the balance relation among the friction force, aerodynamic force, inertial force and thrust of the pulley;
s3, decomposing the feed and discharge system into different parts for processing respectively according to the specific connection modes between the air inlet channel and the engine and between the spray pipe and the engine, wherein the stress of each part comprises three types of forces including the acting force of internal flow, the supporting counter force and the inertia force of the pulley frame, and measuring the supporting counter force of each part according to a pull pressure rod or a thrust pin on a connection structure between each part and the pulley frame;
s4, determining the inner flow acting force of each component according to the balance relation among the bearing reaction force, the inner flow acting force and the inertia force of each component, and superposing the inner flow acting force of each component as the second thrust of the engine;
and S5, determining the final thrust of the engine by weighting according to the weighting coefficients of the first thrust of the engine and the second thrust of the engine, wherein the weighting coefficients are determined by a pulley test of the engine provided with a standard air inlet channel and a spray pipe.
2. The method of determining engine thrust for a ground tackle dynamic test of an extension system according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the friction force includes a sum of friction forces generated by lateral pressure and vertical pressure, comprising:
F f ＝μ(N y +N z )
wherein mu is the friction coefficient between the pulley and the sliding rail, N y And N z The lateral pressure and the vertical pressure, respectively.
3. The method for determining the thrust of a ground tackle dynamic test engine for an emission system according to claim 2, wherein the lateral pressure calculation formula is as follows:
N y ＝F y +E y
wherein F is y And E is y The lateral aerodynamic force applied to the pulley and the lateral force component of the inflow in the air inlet and exhaust system are respectively.
4. The method for determining the thrust of the dynamic test engine of the ground tackle of the hair extension system according to claim 2, wherein the vertical pressure is calculated according to the following formula:
N z ＝G+F z +E z
wherein G is the gravity of the pulley, F z And E is z The vertical aerodynamic force of the pulley and the vertical force component of the inflow of the air inlet and outlet system are respectively.
5. The method for determining the thrust of a ground tackle dynamic test engine for an emission system according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the aerodynamic force is calculated by CFD.
6. The method for determining the thrust of the engine for the dynamic test of the ground tackle of the hair play system according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the aerodynamic force is calculated through a wind tunnel test.
7. A method of determining the thrust of a ground tackle dynamic test engine for an emission system as set forth in any one of claims 5 or 6 wherein determining the aerodynamic force includes:
s11, determining a lift force coefficient, a resistance coefficient and a lateral force coefficient of the pulley in a low-speed state;
step S12, determining aerodynamic force of the pulley in each speed state, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ρ is the atmospheric density of the test environment, V is the running speed of the pulley, S ref For reference area, C z Is the lift coefficient, C x As drag coefficient, C y Is the lateral force coefficient.
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