CN113945123A - Metering layer type full-electronic safety system - Google Patents
Metering layer type full-electronic safety system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113945123A CN113945123A CN202111096288.3A CN202111096288A CN113945123A CN 113945123 A CN113945123 A CN 113945123A CN 202111096288 A CN202111096288 A CN 202111096288A CN 113945123 A CN113945123 A CN 113945123A
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- controller
- layer
- acceleration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metering layer type full electronic safety system, which comprises a sensor module, a safety control module and a control module, wherein the sensor module is used for detecting recoil acceleration generated during projectile launching and deceleration during projectile layer penetrating and transmitting the recoil acceleration to the safety control module; the safety control module comprises a controller and a memory; the memory is used for storing instructions and storing the threshold values of the deceleration and acceleration of the projectile penetrating different target layers; a time window is set in the controller, and a first static switch is closed if the acceleration reaches a set threshold value during emission; opening a delay static switch in a delay mode; when the target is hit, the dynamic switch is closed and the detonation execution module is started in a layer counting mode through the detected deceleration and acceleration and the threshold corresponding to the target layer when the layer number reaches a preset value; the detonation module is used for receiving a firing signal of the controller to detonate the warhead; and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the modules. The invention meets the application of the full electronic safety system under small volume.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic fuzes, in particular to a full-electronic safety system for realizing fixed-point detonation by penetrating a multilayer target.
Background
In modern military activities, along with the increase of the attention degree of defense industry in various countries, in order to enable the projectile to have the capability of destroying targets, the projectile needs to have a penetration function for the hard targets. Meanwhile, hard targets are also divided into a plurality of types, including multiple layers and single layers according to the number of layers, and concrete, rock, soil, metal and the like according to the material, and in order to enable the projectile to detonate the warhead at the optimal detonation position, the projectile fuse is required to have a target identification function. In the prior art, the most mature technology is the timing detonation control technology, the distance detonation technology and the medium identification technology are the most rapidly developed technologies in recent years, and the layer detonation control technology has certain research results in recent years, but is not mature. The layer counting detonation control technology is characterized in that when a target is of a multilayer structure, overload acceleration is generated when a projectile penetrates through a target layer, overload signals are obtained through sensors, layer number information is formed, the projectile is controlled to detonate at proper time, and the hardware stability and a layer counting strategy are key.
The traditional penetration fuses are mostly electromechanical fuses, the safety and miniaturization of the traditional penetration fuses are different from those of a full electronic safety system with a microprocessor and a software algorithm replacing a mechanical structure, the detonation mode of the full electronic safety system is a slapper detonator utilizing high-voltage energy, and the safety of the full electronic safety system is extremely high due to a harsh high-voltage triggering mode of the slapper detonator. All-electronic safety systems have been mostly used for high-value ammunition for cost reasons, but in recent years, the cost of all-electronic safety systems has started to decrease, and such safety systems mostly operate by receiving and processing environmental information collected from a front leader, while conventional ammunition cannot be applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metering layer type all-electronic safety system with metering layer capability, which is applied to penetration ammunition, and has low cost and high safety.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a metered all-electronic security system comprising:
the sensor module is used for detecting recoil acceleration generated during projectile launching and deceleration acceleration in a projectile layer penetrating process and transmitting the recoil acceleration and the deceleration acceleration to the safety control module;
the safety control module comprises a controller and a memory;
the memory is used for storing instructions and storing the threshold values of the deceleration and acceleration of the projectile penetrating different target layers; a time window is set in the controller, and a first static switch SW1 is closed if the acceleration reaches a set threshold value during transmitting; in a time delay mode, a time delay static switch SW2 is opened; when the target is hit, the dynamic switch DW1 is closed and the detonation execution module is started in a layer counting mode through the detected deceleration and acceleration and the threshold corresponding to the target layer when the layer number reaches a preset value;
the detonation module is used for receiving a firing signal of the controller to detonate the warhead;
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the modules.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention adopts a full electronic system, has no mechanical structure, is simple to assemble and high in safety, does not need an external seeker to provide environmental information due to the design of the internal acceleration sensor, achieves the control of cost and volume, can be applied to conventional ammunition, and is suitable for mass production.
(2) The invention adopts a boost circuit, utilizes the generated PWM to dynamically control the high-voltage converter, outputs pulses with different duty ratios to different feedback voltages, not only can realize low-voltage to high-voltage conversion to reach the detonation voltage of the exploding foil, but also can keep stable high-voltage output.
(4) The invention adopts the internal integrated acceleration sensor, and the acceleration signal acquired by the sensor is processed by the sensing circuit and the controller, so that the effects of layer counting and dynamic switch opening and closing control can be achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a logical block diagram of a meter-level all-electronic security system.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a BOOST type high-voltage converter.
FIG. 3 is a Volton quadruple voltage rectifier circuit.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a multi-layered target.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a meter-level all-electronic security system controller.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a metering-layer type all-electronic safety system of the present embodiment includes a sensor module, a power module, a safety control module, and a detonation module.
The sensor module comprises an MEMS acceleration sensor and a sensing circuit, wherein the acceleration sensor is used for detecting the recoil acceleration generated when the projectile is launched, a time window is set in a controller, if a set acceleration threshold value is reached in the time window, a switch in a full electronic system is opened, in the embodiment, the acceleration sensor adopts a three-axis piezoresistive type, a bridge circuit is used for inhibiting the temperature drift of the projectile, the MEMS packaging technology is used for packaging the projectile, when the projectile is in a chamber, a forward acceleration signal is adopted, a set threshold value a1 is reached, and a first static switch SW1 of a muzzle signal is opened when the projectile is in a corresponding time window, wherein the set threshold value refers to the acceleration value when the acceleration reaches the maximum; when the pill is in the air, the delay static switch SW2 is turned on in a delay way; when the target is hit, the information of the number of layers is adopted, and the dynamic switch DW1 is closed in a layer counting mode when the number of layers reaches a preset value, so that the controller controls the high-voltage switch to be closed. The sensing circuit comprises a signal amplifying circuit and a filter circuit, wherein the signal amplifying circuit in the embodiment adopts an instrument amplifier and is used for amplifying differential signals, and the filter circuit is a second-order low-pass filter circuit and is used for denoising signals acquired by the acceleration sensor.
The power module in this embodiment takes the form of dual power supplies, one for the control module and the sensor module and one for the initiation module. In the embodiment, the safety control module utilizes the linear voltage stabilizer to stabilize the power supply voltage at 3.3V, so as to realize the stability of power supply; meanwhile, the double power supplies utilize MOS switching tubes to realize external wire cutting control electrification.
The safety control module consists of a double controller, a communication circuit and a memory. The controller in this embodiment adopts the FPGA, which has the advantages of fast data processing and stable operation, and the working flow is as shown in fig. 5. The double-controller is adopted for providing a redundant system, preventing ammunition misoperation after single-system misjudgment and ensuring the safety of the ammunition. The communication circuit is used for communication between the double controllers, communication between the sensing circuit and the controllers, communication between the controllers and the detonation modules and communication between the detonation modules and the relevant memories. The memory is used primarily for storing instructions. In this embodiment, the controller 1 detects that the acceleration signal reaches a SW1 closing threshold, sends a SW1 closing signal to the controller 2, if the controller 2 receives a SW1 closing signal in a corresponding time window, determines that the system is working normally, otherwise, determines that the system is failed, if the system is working normally, the program continues to run and closes SW1, the controller 2 delays for a while and sends a SW2 closing signal to the controller 1, after the controller 1 receives the closing signal, closes the switch SW2 and releases the locking of the DW1, starts detecting penetration acceleration, if the acceleration reaches a set threshold in the time window, the controller 1 sends a start-to-count signal, if the controller 2 receives the start-to-count signal in the time window set by the controller 2, the controller 2 starts to count, and at the same time, when the target layer is reached, the controller 2 sends a DW1 closing signal to the controller 1, if the controller 1 receives the DW1 closing signal within the delay time, the DW1 is closed, the high-voltage switch is closed, and if the DW1 closing signal is not received within the delay time, the high-voltage switch is directly closed, and the explosive foil is detonated.
The detonation module comprises a high-voltage switch, a booster circuit and an exploding foil detonator. The high-voltage switch is controlled by the controller, and when the safety system works and the number of layers reaches a preset value, the controller sends an ignition signal to close the high-voltage switch. The load voltage of the high-voltage switch is extremely large, the common MOS switch is not enough to meet the requirement, the embodiment uses an MCT (metal oxide semiconductor) switch, the MCT switch has the characteristics of high load and low breakover voltage of a common thyristor, and is a controllable thyristor, wherein the load refers to the output voltage of a high-voltage converter; in this embodiment, the Boost circuit is a Boost topology, a flow diagram of the Boost topology is shown in fig. 2, and the Boost topology is composed of a main circuit and a feedback circuit, where the main circuit is composed of a high-voltage converter and an energy storage capacitor, the high-voltage converter is mainly composed of a wolton voltage-doubling rectifier circuit, the wolton voltage-doubling rectifier circuit is shown in fig. 3, and the wolton voltage-doubling rectifier circuit is shown in the figure, where an output voltage can reach 4 times of an input voltage, and the output voltage mainly includes a capacitor and a diode, and the wolton voltage-doubling rectifier circuit has a great advantage that a voltage borne by each capacitor does not exceed twice of a peak value of a power supply voltage. The energy storage capacitor is the last-stage capacitor and stores energy required by exploding the exploding foil. In the feedback control loop, core components are a compensation amplification circuit and a PWM waveform generation circuit. The compensation amplifier not only needs to amplify the signal, but also needs to compensate the signal to meet the requirement of stability. The output voltage of the energy storage capacitor is subjected to voltage division sampling by the resistance sampling circuit and then is input into the compensation amplifier together with the reference voltage VREF, the compensation amplifier amplifies a difference signal formed by a sampling signal and the reference voltage and inputs the difference signal into the PWM generating circuit to be used as a reference quantity of control pulses, and then the PWM generator generates a pulse width modulation signal to adjust the duty ratio, so that the output voltage is controlled. The isolation circuit utilizes the linear photoelectric coupler to realize the isolation of the influence of PWM pulse sharp waves on a PWM control chip caused by electromagnetic interference in the processes of charging of the energy storage capacitor and feedback control, and completely isolates the control input end from the high-voltage output end. When the input voltage or the load impedance characteristic fluctuates, the feedback loop can adjust the modulation pulse in time to stabilize the output voltage; the initiator uses an exploding foil initiator, which detonates the warhead by a booster sequence after detonation.
In this embodiment, the main implementation method of the layer counting is to detect the frequency change of the signal caused by the vibration of the weapon when the weapon hits the target, by detecting the strong deceleration and acceleration generated when the weapon hits the target, compare the signal with the signal stored in the memory in the controller, if the correlation reaches a certain value, the controller determines that the target is a layer of target, as shown in fig. 4, 1 is a projectile, 2 is a layer-counting type all-electronic safety system, and the target to be hit is located below the layer-counting type all-electronic safety system, wherein 3 is a common thickness, 4 is a thick layer, and 5 is a thin layer, in order to make the safety system reliable in layer counting, the impact signal needs to be deeply studied, the deceleration and acceleration generated when 3 layers are penetrated is medium, the deceleration and acceleration generated when 4 layers are penetrated is large, the deceleration and acceleration generated when 5 layers are penetrated is small, the relevant data can be obtained through tests, and then the threshold value is set, or the method is realized by using a self-adaptive threshold algorithm, multiple harmonic collaborative judgment after Fourier transform and the like. Meanwhile, other interference signals can be generated in the process of penetrating the projectile, for example, the gap between modules of the weapon can generate vibration, so that the acceleration sensor can generate signal change, but the vibration has high frequency and small amplitude, and a good effect can be achieved by adopting low-pass filtering to meet the accuracy.
Said detecting a change in signal resulting from a breach of the weapon through at least one layer, characterized by: when the weapon hits a target, the weapon vibrates, and vibration amplitude-frequency characteristics of the weapon are collected and processed by the controller, so that the vibration signal is identified, and the purpose of layer counting is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. A metered fully electronic security system, comprising:
the sensor module is used for detecting recoil acceleration generated during projectile launching and deceleration acceleration in a projectile layer penetrating process and transmitting the recoil acceleration and the deceleration acceleration to the safety control module;
the safety control module comprises a controller and a memory;
the memory is used for storing instructions and storing the threshold values of the deceleration and acceleration of the projectile penetrating different target layers; a time window is set in the controller, and a first static switch SW1 is closed if the acceleration reaches a set threshold value during transmitting; in a time delay mode, a time delay static switch SW2 is opened; when the target is hit, the dynamic switch DW1 is closed and the detonation execution module is started in a layer counting mode through the detected deceleration and acceleration and the threshold corresponding to the target layer when the layer number reaches a preset value;
the detonation module is used for receiving a firing signal of the controller to detonate the warhead;
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the modules.
2. A metering-layer all-electronic safety system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is a dual controller, comprising a controller 1 and a controller 2;
when detecting that the acceleration signal reaches a first static switch SW1 closing threshold value, the controller 1 sends a first static switch SW1 closing signal to the controller 2, if the controller 2 receives the first static switch SW1 closing signal in a corresponding time window, the system is judged to work normally, otherwise, the system is judged to be failed;
if the system works normally, the first static switch SW1 is closed, the controller 2 delays for a period of time and sends a delay static switch SW2 closing signal to the controller 1, after the controller 1 receives the closing signal, the delay static switch SW2 is closed and the locking of the dynamic switch DW1 is released, the penetration deceleration acceleration is started to be detected, if the deceleration acceleration reaches a set threshold value in a time window, the controller 1 sends a start layer counting signal, if the controller 2 receives the start layer counting signal in the set time window, the controller 2 starts layer counting, meanwhile, the controller 1 starts delaying, when a target layer is reached, the controller 2 sends a closing signal of the dynamic switch DW1 to the controller 1, if the controller 1 receives the closing signal of the dynamic switch DW1 in the delay time, the dynamic switch DW1 is closed, the detonation module is started, if the closing signal of the dynamic switch DW1 is not received in the delay time, the detonation module is directly activated to detonate the exploding foil.
3. A metering-layer all-electronic safety system according to claim 1, wherein the detonation module comprises a high-voltage switch, a booster circuit, an exploding foil initiator;
the high-voltage switch is controlled by the controller, and when the safety system works and the number of layers reaches a preset value, the controller sends an ignition signal to close the high-voltage switch;
the booster circuit boosts input voltage, stores energy required by exploding the exploding foil, and supplies power to the exploding foil initiator when the high-voltage switch is closed.
4. A metering-layer-type all-electronic safety system according to claim 3, wherein the voltage boosting circuit is composed of two parts, namely a main circuit and a feedback circuit;
the main circuit consists of a high-voltage converter and an energy storage capacitor, wherein the high-voltage converter is used for boosting the voltage of the energy storage capacitor;
the feedback control loop comprises a compensation amplifying circuit, a PWM waveform generating circuit, a resistance sampling circuit and an isolating circuit; the output voltage of the energy storage capacitor is subjected to voltage division and sampling by a resistance sampling circuit and then is input into a compensation amplifier together with a reference voltage VREF; the compensation amplifier amplifies a difference signal formed by the sampling signal and the reference voltage and inputs the difference signal to the PWM generating circuit to be used as a reference quantity of control pulse, and then the PWM generator generates a pulse width modulation signal to adjust the duty ratio, so that the output voltage is controlled; the isolation circuit is used for isolating the influence of PWM pulse sharp waves caused by electromagnetic interference in the processes of charging the energy storage capacitor and feedback control.
5. A metering-layer all-electronic security system according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage switch is an MCT switch.
6. A metering-layer all-electronic security system according to claim 1, wherein the power supply module employs dual power supplies, one for power supply to the control module and the sensor module, and one for power supply to the detonation module.
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