CN113943114B - Sintering method of composite spherical reflecting mirror - Google Patents
Sintering method of composite spherical reflecting mirror Download PDFInfo
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- CN113943114B CN113943114B CN202111228757.2A CN202111228757A CN113943114B CN 113943114 B CN113943114 B CN 113943114B CN 202111228757 A CN202111228757 A CN 202111228757A CN 113943114 B CN113943114 B CN 113943114B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0252—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity by gravity only, e.g. sagging
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical element manufacturing, in particular to a sintering method of a composite spherical reflecting mirror, which comprises the steps of processing a metal substrate of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, so that the deviation between the curvature radius of the metal substrate and the curvature radius of a designed spherical surface is within +/-0.01 mm, and the surface roughness of the metal substrate is controlled within Ra1.6mu m; processing optical glass of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, and processing the optical glass into a flat plate, wherein the thickness of the optical glass is controlled within 2mm plus or minus 0.1mm, the flatness is less than or equal to 0.02mm, and the surface roughness is controlled within Ra1.6mu m; sintering the metal substrate and the optical glass by using a fusion sealing furnace. According to the invention, the sintering process is optimized, the flat optical glass is directly used for sintering, the sintering of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is realized by means of the precision of the metal substrate, the processing difficulty of the optical glass before the sintering of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is reduced, and the sintering success rate of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical element manufacturing, in particular to a sintering method of a composite spherical reflecting mirror.
Background
Spherical reflectors are used in many fields of aviation and aerospace, and the types of spherical reflectors are commonly found in metal spherical reflectors, optical glass spherical reflectors, composite spherical reflectors and the like. The metal spherical reflector is mainly a Be reflector, and the Be reflector has extremely toxic property, poor machining performance, high price and high cost; optical glass has low strength, so that the diameter and thickness of the glass sphere must meet a certain ratio, usually up to 6-8:1, resulting in a relatively heavy glass mirror. Thus, composite spherical mirrors are used in many applications, consisting of a metal substrate and optical glass. During preparation, the metal substrate and the optical glass are required to be processed, then sintered and then optically processed to meet application requirements. The sintering method is that the metal substrate and the optical glass are respectively processed into the required spherical surfaces, and are placed in a fusion sealing furnace, and the optical glass is softened by high temperature, so that the metal substrate and the optical glass are bonded together, and the sintering of the metal substrate and the optical glass is realized.
In the existing sintering method of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, the processing precision requirement on the optical glass before sintering is high, the process is complex, the operation difficulty is high, the metal substrate and the optical glass before sintering are basically attached, the gas discharge is not facilitated, and the success rate after sintering is low. For this reason, improvements in the sintering process of composite spherical mirrors are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a sintering method of a composite spherical reflecting mirror.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a sintering method of a composite spherical reflector comprises the following steps,
s1, processing a metal substrate of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, so that the deviation between the curvature radius of the metal substrate and the curvature radius of a designed spherical surface is within +/-0.01 mm, and the surface roughness of the metal substrate is controlled within Ra1.6 mu m;
s2, processing the optical glass of the composite spherical reflecting mirror into a flat plate, wherein the processing difficulty of the optical glass to be sintered can be reduced, the thickness of the optical glass is controlled within 2mm plus or minus 0.1mm, the flatness is less than or equal to 0.02mm, the surface roughness is controlled within Ra1.6mu.m, and large sand holes with the diameter of more than 0.7mm and large scratches with the length of more than 15mm and the width of more than 0.07mm are not required to exist on the surface of the optical glass so as to ensure the sintering success rate of the metal substrate and the optical glass;
s3, sintering the metal substrate and the optical glass by using a fusion sealing furnace, wherein the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is controlled to be 50-200 mm, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the metal substrate to the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is more than or equal to 3.
Preferably, in step S1, annealing treatment is required after the metal substrate is processed, so as to reduce internal stress; the material of the metal substrate is titanium alloy, the molecular structure property of the titanium alloy is close to that of glass, the expansion coefficients of the titanium alloy and the optical glass are close to each other, the titanium alloy and the optical glass are convenient to sinter, and the density of the titanium alloy is 4.5g/mm 3 Only 57.7% of steel, the weight of the composite spherical reflecting mirror can be effectively controlled.
Preferably, the external dimension of the optical glass in the step S2 is smaller than the sintering caliber of the metal substrate in the step S1, and the difference between the external dimension of the optical glass and the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is 0.5mm plus or minus 0.05mm, so that the optical glass is prevented from being broken due to the fact that the optical glass protrudes out of the metal substrate during sintering.
Preferably, sintering the metal substrate and the optical glass in the step S3 by using a sealing furnace comprises the following steps:
s31, before sintering, opening a sealing furnace, placing a metal substrate into the sealing furnace, placing optical glass on the surface to be sintered of the metal substrate, and closing the sealing furnace;
s32, raising the temperature in the sealing furnace from room temperature to 500 ℃, and controlling the time to 10 hours;
s33, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
s34, continuously heating the temperature in the sealing furnace to 650 ℃, and controlling the time to be 6 hours;
s35, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 650 ℃ for 3 hours;
s36, cooling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to 300 ℃ and controlling the time to be 5 hours;
s37, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 300 ℃ for 2 hours;
s38, cooling the temperature in the sealing furnace to 100 ℃ and controlling the time to 17 hours;
and S39, opening the melting and sealing furnace, and taking out the mirror body after the mirror body is cooled to room temperature, thus obtaining the composite spherical reflecting mirror.
The composite spherical reflector prepared by the method has no bubbles between glass and metal, no cracks on the glass and uniform color of a sintered layer.
Preferably, the temperature control precision in the sealing furnace is +/-10 ℃, so that the control is convenient, and the operation difficulty can be reduced.
The working principle of the invention is that before sintering, the optical glass is directly suspended above the curved surface of the metal substrate, during sintering, the optical glass is softened and adsorbed on the surface of the metal substrate due to the influence of high temperature and dead weight, when the optical glass sinks, the gas between the metal substrate and the optical glass can uniformly overflow from the edge, and after sintering and cooling, the optical glass and the metal substrate are combined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the sintering process is optimized, the flat optical glass is directly used for sintering, the sintering of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is realized by means of the precision of the metal substrate, the processing difficulty of the optical glass before the sintering of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is reduced, and the sintering success rate of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a sintering temperature control curve in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a state of placement of a metal substrate and an optical glass before sintering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a state after sintering of the metal substrate and the optical glass in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a sintering method of a composite spherical reflecting mirror includes the steps of,
s1, machining a metal substrate 2 of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, wherein the metal substrate 2 is made of a titanium alloy material, and is machined by utilizing a numerical control lathe, and is axially compressed, so that deformation of the metal substrate 2 caused by compression force is avoided. Turning the metal substrate 2 into a spherical surface with the surface shape precision within +/-0.01 mm of the radius of the designed spherical surface, controlling the roughness within Ra1.6mu.m, and annealing after the metal substrate 2 is processed so as to reduce the internal stress;
s2, processing the optical glass 1 of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, namely processing the optical glass 1 with the glass brand number of K9 into a flat plate, and processing the optical glass 1 to be sintered into a specific spherical surface, so that the processing difficulty of the optical glass 1 to be sintered can be reduced, the thickness of the optical glass 1 after grinding is controlled within 2 mm+/-0.1 mm, the flatness is less than or equal to 0.02mm, the surface roughness is controlled within Ra1.6 mu m, and large sand holes with the diameter of more than 0.7mm, large scratches with the length of more than 15mm and the width of more than 0.07mm are not required to exist on the surface of the optical glass 1, thereby greatly reducing the initial processing difficulty of the optical glass 1 and ensuring the sintering success rate of the metal substrate 2 and the optical glass 1; the external dimension of the optical glass 1 is smaller than the sintering caliber of the metal substrate 2 in the step S1, the difference between the external dimension of the optical glass 1 and the sintering caliber of the metal substrate 2 is 0.5mm plus or minus 0.05mm, and the optical glass 1 is prevented from being broken due to the fact that the optical glass 1 protrudes out of the metal substrate 2 during sintering;
s3, sintering the metal substrate 2 and the optical glass 1 by using a fusion sealing furnace, wherein the sintering caliber of the metal substrate 2 is 160mm, the curvature radius of the metal substrate 2 is 608.1mm, the total thickness of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is controlled within 12mm, and the temperature control precision in the fusion sealing furnace is +/-10 ℃, so that the control is convenient, and the operation difficulty can be reduced.
Sintering the metal substrate 2 and the optical glass 1 by using a fusion sealing furnace, comprising the following steps:
s31, before sintering, opening a sealing furnace, putting the metal substrate 2 into the sealing furnace, placing the optical glass 1 on the surface to be sintered of the metal substrate 2, and closing the sealing furnace;
s32, raising the temperature in the sealing furnace from room temperature to 500 ℃, and controlling the time to 10 hours;
s33, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
s34, continuously heating the temperature in the sealing furnace to 650 ℃, and controlling the time to be 6 hours;
s35, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 650 ℃ for 3 hours;
s36, cooling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to 300 ℃ and controlling the time to be 5 hours;
s37, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 300 ℃ for 2 hours;
s38, cooling the temperature in the sealing furnace to 100 ℃ and controlling the time to 17 hours;
s39, opening a melting and sealing furnace, and taking out the mirror body after the mirror body is cooled to room temperature, so as to obtain the composite spherical reflecting mirror;
the composite spherical reflector prepared by the method has no bubbles between glass and metal, no cracks on the glass and uniform color of a sintered layer.
The working principle of the invention is that before sintering, the optical glass 1 is directly suspended above the curved surface of the metal substrate 2, during sintering, the optical glass 1 is softened and adsorbed on the surface of the metal substrate 2 due to the influence of high temperature and dead weight, when the optical glass 1 is sunk, the gas between the metal substrate 2 and the optical glass 1 can uniformly overflow from the edge, and after sintering and cooling, the optical glass 1 and the metal substrate 2 are combined.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The sintering method of the composite spherical reflecting mirror is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, processing a metal substrate of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, so that the deviation between the curvature radius of the metal substrate and the curvature radius of a designed spherical surface is within +/-0.01 mm, and the surface roughness of the metal substrate is controlled within Ra1.6 mu m;
s2, processing optical glass of the composite spherical reflecting mirror, wherein the optical glass is processed into a flat plate, the thickness of the optical glass is controlled within 2mm plus or minus 0.1mm, the flatness is less than or equal to 0.02mm, and the surface roughness is controlled within Ra1.6mu m; the external dimension of the optical glass is smaller than the sintering caliber of the metal substrate in the step S1, and the difference value between the external dimension of the optical glass and the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is 0.5mm plus or minus 0.05mm;
s3, sintering the metal substrate and the optical glass by using a fusion sealing furnace, wherein the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is controlled to be 50-200 mm, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the metal substrate to the sintering caliber of the metal substrate is more than or equal to 3;
wherein the metal substrate and the optical glass are sintered by a fusion sealing furnace, comprising the following steps:
s31, before sintering, opening a sealing furnace, placing a metal substrate into the sealing furnace, placing optical glass on the surface to be sintered of the metal substrate, and closing the sealing furnace;
s32, raising the temperature in the sealing furnace from room temperature to 500 ℃, and controlling the time to 10 hours;
s33, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 500 ℃ for 2 hours;
s34, continuously heating the temperature in the sealing furnace to 650 ℃, and controlling the time to be 6 hours;
s35, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 650 ℃ for 3 hours;
s36, cooling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to 300 ℃ and controlling the time to be 5 hours;
s37, controlling the temperature in the melting and sealing furnace to be constant at 300 ℃ for 2 hours;
s38, cooling the temperature in the sealing furnace to 100 ℃ and controlling the time to 17 hours;
and S39, opening the melting and sealing furnace, and taking out the mirror body after the mirror body is cooled to room temperature, thus obtaining the composite spherical reflecting mirror.
2. The method for sintering a composite spherical reflecting mirror according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the metal substrate needs to be annealed after being processed, and the material of the metal substrate is titanium alloy.
3. The method for sintering a composite spherical reflecting mirror according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature control precision in the melting and sealing furnace is +/-10 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111228757.2A CN113943114B (en) | 2021-10-21 | 2021-10-21 | Sintering method of composite spherical reflecting mirror |
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| CN113943114B true CN113943114B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102236116A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-11-09 | 刘海鹰 | Novel spherical mirror |
| CN102360089B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-12-26 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Large caliber granite glass compound spherical and aspheric reflectors and manufacture methods thereof |
| JP6628151B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2020-01-08 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Forming method of curved sheet glass |
| US10723104B2 (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2020-07-28 | Corning Incorporated | Light-responsive thin glass laminates |
| CN104880750A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 扬州霞光光电有限公司 | Light reflector with high resistance to impact |
| CN108958524A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-07 | 理义科技股份有限公司 | Curved touch panel and its preparation method |
| CN111847849A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 苏州新吴光电科技有限公司 | Glass hot bending process and application of glass hot bending process in 3D glass preparation method |
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