CN113942475B

CN113942475B - Pedal simulator and braking system

Info

Publication number: CN113942475B
Application number: CN202111255660.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张�杰; 李磊
Original assignee: China Automotive Innovation Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Automotive Innovation Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-27
Filing date: 2021-10-27
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-27
Also published as: CN113942475A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of brake systems, and discloses a pedal simulator and a brake system. According to the pedal simulator and the brake system, the first magnetic element, the second magnetic element and at least two rubber pieces with different hardness are matched to provide pedal force, when the rubber pieces with different hardness are switched to provide the pedal force, the pedal force is in gentle transition, no obvious inflection point exists, and good foot feeling is provided. The first magnetic element is arranged on the piston, the second magnetic element is arranged on the rubber piece adjacent to the piston, and repulsive force between the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element can act on the rubber piece to enable the rubber piece to be close to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity and enable the piston to return quickly; utilize the repulsion force between the first magnetic element of casing cooperation and the second magnetic element to fix the rubber spare, it is not hard up to prevent that the footboard simulator from not working time rubber spare, need not to provide extra mounting structure for the rubber spare, simplifies footboard simulator structure and assembly process, reduce cost.

Description

Pedal simulator and braking system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of brake systems, in particular to a pedal simulator and a brake system.

Background

The electromechanical hydraulic servo brake system is a brand new integrated brake system based on a line control technology, a traditional vacuum booster is cancelled, and a power assisting part and an ESP system are integrated through the line control technology, so that the weight of the brake system is reduced.

The existing electromechanical and hydraulic servo brake system cancels direct connection between a brake pedal and a wheel cylinder to decouple the brake pedal and the wheel cylinder, therefore, a pedal simulator is generally adopted to provide a reaction force to simulate the reaction force of the traditional brake system to the brake pedal, and a driver can feel good pedal feeling.

In the prior art, a pedal simulator formed by a plurality of springs with different rigidity is often adopted to provide pedal feeling, but the pedal simulator adopting the structure has the following technical problems:

1. when the pedal simulator is internally provided with the multistage springs, each spring needs to be provided with an installation structure, so that the pedal simulator is complex in structure, complex in assembly, low in production efficiency and high in part processing cost.

2. As shown in fig. 1, when the pedal force is provided by switching springs with different stiffness, a remarkable transitional inflection point exists, and the foot feel is poor.

In order to solve the technical problems, the prior art proposes that a spring is replaced by a rubber part, pedal force is provided through the rubber part, when the rubber parts with different hardness are switched to act, the pedal force is slowly transited, an obvious inflection point of the pedal force is avoided, and driving comfort is improved; and the piston of the pedal simulator is reset by utilizing a reset spring so as to restore the deformation of the rubber piece.

However, when the rubber member and the return spring are installed, an installation structure needs to be arranged for each rubber member and each return spring, so that the pedal simulator using the rubber member to provide the pedal force still has the problems of complex structure, low assembly efficiency and high part processing cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pedal simulator and a brake system which have simple structure, high assembly efficiency and low cost, can provide a gently-transitional pedal force, provide good foot feeling and improve driving comfort.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pedal simulator, comprising:

a housing having an accommodating chamber and an oil hole for connecting a brake master cylinder;

the piston is arranged in the accommodating cavity in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the piston, the accommodating cavity is divided into a mounting cavity and a braking cavity, and the braking cavity is communicated with the oil hole;

the at least two rubber pieces with different hardness are arranged in the mounting cavity, and the at least two rubber pieces are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the piston;

the installation cavity is internally provided with:

the first magnetic element is fixedly arranged on the piston;

the second magnetic element is fixedly arranged on the rubber part adjacent to the piston, the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element are matched to generate repulsive force, and the repulsive force acts on the rubber part to enable the rubber part to be close to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, the first magnetic element is a magnetic ring, and the second magnetic element is a magnetic ring or an electromagnet.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, the second magnetic element is a magnetic ring, and the second magnetic element and the rubber piece adjacent to the piston are injection molded or arranged separately.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, each of the rubber members is provided with a deformation hole.

As an alternative solution to the above pedal simulator, the deformation hole in the rubber member with high hardness is smaller than the deformation hole in the rubber member with low hardness.

As an optional technical scheme of the pedal simulator, a circulation hole communicated with the installation cavity is formed in the shell;

the communicating hole is communicated with the outside atmosphere or communicated with a medium cavity which contains liquid medium and is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, in two adjacent rubber members, the rubber member closer to the piston has a hardness smaller than the rubber member farther from the piston.

As an optional technical scheme of the pedal simulator, in two adjacent rubber pieces, the rubber piece closer to the piston is provided with a rubber insertion part which has the same hardness as the rubber piece and is in insertion fit with the rubber piece farther from the piston.

As an alternative solution to the pedal simulator described above, the housing includes:

the shell main body is provided with the accommodating cavity with one open end;

and the rear cover is used for blocking the opening.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, the rear cover is provided with a mounting groove, all the rubber members are sequentially inserted into the mounting groove along a depth direction of the mounting groove, and the rubber member farthest from the piston can abut against an inner bottom wall of the mounting groove.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, a limiting member is disposed on an inner wall of the housing, and the limiting member can abut against an end surface of the piston facing the rubber member.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, the limiting member is an opening end surface of the mounting groove.

As an optional technical scheme of the pedal simulator, a limiting part is convexly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the rear cover, and a pressing ring which is in threaded connection with the shell main body is sleeved outside the rear cover;

along the axial direction of the piston, the pressing ring is abutted against the limiting part, and the limiting part is pressed on the inner wall of the shell main body.

As an optional technical solution of the pedal simulator, an outer peripheral wall of the limiting portion is a tapered surface, and an inner peripheral wall of the housing main body has a tapered mating surface that mates with the tapered surface.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a brake system including the pedal simulator described above.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the pedal simulator and the brake system, the first magnetic element, the second magnetic element and at least two rubber pieces with different hardness are matched to provide the pedal force, when the rubber pieces with different hardness are switched to provide the pedal force, the pedal force is in smooth transition, no obvious inflection point exists, good foot feeling is provided, and driving comfort is improved.

The first magnetic element is arranged on the piston, and the second magnetic element is arranged on the rubber piece adjacent to the piston, so that additional installation structures are not required to be provided for the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element; arrange through first magnetic element and second magnetic element and make the repulsion force between the two produce, this repulsion force acts on the rubber spare and makes it press close to the inner wall that holds the chamber, the realization utilizes the repulsion force between first magnetic element of casing cooperation and the second magnetic element to fix the rubber spare, it is not hard up to prevent that the rubber spare is not worked when the footboard simulator, need not to provide extra mounting structure for the rubber spare, reduce the spare part quantity of footboard simulator, the structure and the assembly process of footboard simulator have been simplified, the footboard simulator cost has been reduced. In addition, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element also has the effect of enabling the piston to be quickly returned.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a graph of pedal force versus pedal travel characteristics for a prior art pedal simulator employing multi-stage springs;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pedal simulator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a piston provided with a first magnetic element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first rubber member with the second magnetic element mounted thereon according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a pedal force-pedal stroke characteristic diagram of a pedal simulator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. a housing; 11. a housing main body; 111. an oil hole; 12. a rear cover; 121. a flow-through hole; 122. a limiting part; 123. a limiting member; 13. pressing a ring; 14. a brake chamber; 15. a mounting cavity;

2. a piston; 21. a protrusion; 22. a sealing groove; 23. a step surface;

31. a first rubber member; 32. a second rubber member; 33. a third rubber member; 34. a deformation hole;

41. a first magnetic element; 42. a second magnetic element;

5. and a seal.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pedal simulator provided in the present embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a pedal simulator and a brake system, wherein the brake system includes a brake pedal, a brake master cylinder and the pedal simulator, when a driver steps on the brake pedal, the brake master cylinder can send brake oil to the pedal simulator, and the pedal simulator provides a pedal feel to the driver.

The pedal simulator comprises a shell 1, a piston 2 and a rubber part, wherein the shell 1 comprises an accommodating cavity and an oil hole 111 for connecting a brake master cylinder; the piston 2 is arranged in the accommodating cavity in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the piston 2, the accommodating cavity is divided into a braking cavity 14 and an installation cavity 15 by the piston 2, and the braking cavity 14 is communicated with the oil hole 111; the rubber spare is located in installation cavity 15, and the rubber spare is equipped with two at least and hardness difference, and two at least rubber spares distribute in proper order along 2 axial of piston. Illustratively, three rubber members are provided, three rubber members distributed in sequence in the axial direction of the piston 2 are respectively referred to as a first rubber member 31, a second rubber member 32 and a third rubber member 33, the hardness of the first rubber member 31 is smaller than that of the second rubber member 32, the hardness of the second rubber member 32 is smaller than that of the third rubber member 33, and the hardness of the rubber member closer to the piston 2 in two adjacent rubber members is smaller than that of the rubber member farther from the piston 2. It should be noted that the number of the rubber members is not limited to three, and may be two, four or more.

When stepping on the brake pedal, the brake master cylinder will send brake oil into the brake cavity 14 through the oil hole 111, when the oil pressure in the brake cavity 14 increases to a certain degree, the brake piston 2 will slide in the housing 1 to extrude the rubber piece, so that the rubber piece with small hardness starts to generate elastic deformation first, the rubber piece with large hardness starts to generate elastic deformation later, and the rubber piece generates elastic deformation to generate resistance to provide pedal feeling.

When the brake pedal is released, the existing pedal simulator adopts the return spring to reset the piston 2 so as to reset the piston 2 and restore the rubber part to deform, but when the rubber part and the return spring are installed, an installation structure needs to be arranged for each rubber part and the return spring, so that the existing pedal simulator using the rubber part to provide pedal force has the problems of complex structure, low assembly efficiency and high part processing cost.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the pedal simulator provided by the present embodiment uses a magnetic element to provide a repulsive force to reset the piston 2.

Specifically, a first magnetic element 41 and a second magnetic element 42 are arranged in the mounting cavity 15, wherein the first magnetic element 41 is fixedly mounted on the piston 2; the second magnetic element 42 is fixedly mounted on the rubber adjacent to the piston 2. The first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 cooperate to generate a repulsive force that acts on the rubber member to be proximate to the inner wall of the receiving cavity. Specifically, the repulsive force enables the adjacent two rubber members to abut against each other in the axial direction of the piston 2, and the rubber member farthest from the piston 2 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 1. Illustratively, the first rubber member 31 is adjacent to the piston 2, and the second magnetic element 42 is mounted on the first rubber member 31.

The repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 is F1, the maximum static friction force when the piston 2 slides relative to the rubber is F2, the pressure of the brake oil in the brake chamber 14 acting on the piston 2 is F3, and when F3 is greater than the sum of F1 and F2, the piston 2 can slide in the housing 1 to press the rubber; when F3 is smaller than F1 and F2, the piston 2 will slide within the housing 1 under the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 to be quickly returned. Further, when the brake pedal is not depressed, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 causes the piston 2 to abut against the inner bottom wall of the housing 1, and the piston 2 and the first rubber 31 are separated. The brake pedal is stepped on when the piston 2 and the first rubber 31 are separated, and an initial pedal feel is provided by the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42.

In the embodiment, the first magnetic element 41 is fixedly arranged on the piston 2, and the second magnetic element 42 is fixedly arranged on the rubber (the first rubber 31) adjacent to the piston 2, so that a mounting structure is not required to be provided for the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42; through arranging the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, repulsive force is generated between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, two adjacent rubber pieces can be abutted against each other along the axial direction of the piston 2 by utilizing the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, and the rubber piece farthest from the piston 2 is abutted against the inner wall of the shell 1, so that each rubber piece is fixed by utilizing the shell 1 to be matched with the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, the aim of preventing the rubber pieces from loosening when the pedal simulator does not work is fulfilled, an additional installation structure is not required to be provided for the rubber piece, the number of parts of the pedal simulator is reduced, the structure and the assembly process of the pedal simulator are simplified, and the cost of the pedal simulator is reduced.

In this embodiment, the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 are both magnetic rings, which have the advantages of simple structure, low cost and strong anti-interference capability, and the same poles of the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 are oppositely arranged, so that the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 cooperate to generate a repulsive force. In other embodiments, the first magnetic element 41 may be configured as a magnetic ring, the second magnetic element 42 may be configured as an electromagnet, and the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 cooperate to generate a repulsive force by controlling a current direction of the electromagnet. However, compared to the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 which both use magnetic rings, the electromagnet has a weak interference resistance, and needs to be controlled to be turned on or off, and the installation of the electromagnet is relatively complicated.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to fixedly mount the first magnetic element 41 on the piston 2, the piston 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a mounting groove, and the first magnetic element 41 is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove by interference fit or over fit. Optionally, the piston 2 is made of a non-magnetic and non-conductive material to prevent the generation of eddy current phenomena and magnetic induction phenomena during the movement of the piston. In other embodiments, the piston 2 may also be made of a magnetic and conductive material, and in this case, an insulating member needs to be disposed between the inner wall of the mounting groove and the contact surface of the first magnetic element 41, and the insulating member is made of a magnetic isolating material, where the insulating member may be an insulating layer directly processed on the outer wall of the first magnetic element 41 contacting the inner wall of the mounting groove or an insulating layer directly processed on the inner wall of the mounting groove, or may be insulating paper sandwiched between the inner wall of the mounting groove and the first magnetic element 41. The piston 2 may also be made of a magnetic and non-conductive material, in which case a magnetic separation member is provided between the inner wall of the mounting groove and the contact surface of the first magnetic element 41. The piston 2 may also be made of a non-magnetic and electrically conductive material, in which case an insulating element is provided between the inner wall of the mounting groove and the contact surface of the first magnetic element 41.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to fixedly mount the second magnetic element 42 on the first rubber 31, the second magnetic element 42 and the first rubber 31 are injection molded, so that the post-assembly is simplified. Illustratively, the second magnetic element 42 is formed inside the first rubber 31 by injection molding, the first rubber 31 is pressed against the second rubber 32 by the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, the second rubber 32 is pressed against the third rubber 33, and the third rubber 33 is pressed against the inner wall of the housing 1. Since the first rubber member 31 is made of rubber material and has a non-magnetic and non-conductive structure, no insulator is required between the contact surfaces of the first rubber member 31 and the second magnetic member 42. In another embodiment, the second magnetic element 42 and the first rubber 31 may be separately provided, for example, the second magnetic element 42 and the first rubber 31 may be separately processed, and the second magnetic element 42 may be attached to the first rubber 31 on the side facing the piston 2 of the first rubber 31, and the second magnetic element 42 may be attached to the first rubber 31 in such a manner that the first magnetic element 41 is attached to the piston 2 made of a non-magnetic, non-conductive material, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the housing 1 includes a housing body 11 and a rear cover 12, wherein the housing body 11 is provided with the accommodating chamber with an open end, the piston 2 is slidably disposed in the accommodating chamber, and the oil hole 111 is disposed on a bottom wall of the accommodating chamber. In order to prevent the brake oil in the brake chamber 14 from leaking into the mounting chamber 15 from between the contact surfaces of the piston 2 and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber during the sliding process of the piston 2, a sealing groove 22 is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the piston 2, a sealing member 5 is mounted in the sealing groove 22, and the sealing is performed through the sealing member 5. Exemplarily, the piston 2 is a columnar structure, the sealing element 5 is a cup, and the cup is installed in the sealing groove 22 of the piston 2, so that the outer peripheral wall of the piston 2 is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity in a sealing manner. In other embodiments, a sealing groove may be formed in an inner wall of the piston 2, the sealing element is installed in the sealing groove, and the position of the sealing groove is limited, so that the sealing element is always clamped between an outer peripheral wall of the piston 2 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity in the process that the piston 2 slides in the accommodating cavity, so as to achieve the sealing connection between the outer peripheral wall of the piston 2 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a projection 21 is provided on the side of the piston 2 facing the bottom wall of the housing main body 11 so that the outer peripheral wall of the piston 2 and the outer peripheral wall of the projection 21 are connected by a step surface 23, and the oil hole 111 is provided facing the step surface 23. When the brake pedal is not pressed, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 causes the protrusion 21 to abut against the inner bottom wall of the housing 1, the contact area between the protrusion 21 and the inner bottom wall of the accommodating cavity is small, and at this time, the contact surface between the brake oil in the brake cavity 14 and the piston 2 is large, which is beneficial to reducing the oil pressure in the brake cavity 14 when the protrusion 21 is separated from the inner bottom wall of the brake cavity 14.

As shown in fig. 2, the rear cover 12 is used to close the opening of the receiving cavity. In order to fix the rear cover 12, a limiting part 122 is convexly arranged on the peripheral wall of the rear cover 12, and a pressing ring 13 which is connected to the shell main body 11 in a threaded manner is sleeved outside the rear cover 12; the pressing ring 13 abuts against the stopper portion 122 in the axial direction of the piston 2, and presses the stopper portion 133 against the inner wall of the case main body 11. Alternatively, the outer peripheral wall of the stopper portion 122 is a tapered surface, and the inner peripheral wall of the case main body 11 has a tapered mating surface that mates with the tapered surface. The axial limit and the radial limit of the back cover 12 are realized by the matching of the pressing ring 13 and the limit part 122 and the matching of the conical surface and the conical matching surface. The pressing ring 13 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the shell body 11 so as to fixedly connect the pressing ring 13 to the shell body 11, and the rear cover 12 is simple in installation and fixing mode and convenient to disassemble and assemble. The fixing method of the rear cover 12 and the case main body 11 is not limited to the above method.

Alternatively, the rear cover 12 is provided with a mounting groove, the three rubber members are sequentially inserted into the mounting groove along the depth direction of the mounting groove, and the third rubber member 33 abuts against the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove by using the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, thereby preventing each rubber member from moving in the axial direction of the piston 2. Prescribe a limit to through the external diameter to the radial width of mounting groove and rubber spare, if with rubber spare and mounting groove clearance fit, the realization utilizes the internal perisporium of mounting groove to carry out radially spacingly to the rubber spare, prevents that the rubber spare from radially rocking along piston 2. The rubber piece is fixed through the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 and the rear cover 12, and the rubber piece is simple in installation mode and low in cost.

Further, a stopper 123 is provided on the rear cover 12, and the piston 2 can abut against the stopper 123. Exemplarily, the limiting member 123 is an opening end surface of the mounting groove, and the opening end surface can be abutted to the piston 2, so that other structures are not required to be additionally arranged to limit the piston 2, the number of parts of the pedal simulator is reduced, the structure of the pedal simulator is simplified, and the cost is reduced.

Further, each rubber member is provided with a deformation hole 34, and a deformation space is provided for the rubber member through the deformation hole 34. Exemplarily, the rubber part is of an annular structure, the deformation holes 34 of the three rubber parts are coaxially arranged, the inner hole of the rubber part is the deformation hole 34, the rubber part of the annular structure is simple in structure, the requirement on a mold is low, and the mold cost and the part processing cost are low.

Because the deformation amount of the rubber part with high hardness is relatively small when the pressure is equal, in order to provide enough deformation space for the elastic deformation of the rubber part, the aperture of the deformation hole 34 on the rubber part with high hardness is smaller than that of the deformation hole 34 on the rubber part with low hardness. Illustratively, when the hardness of the three rubber members increases in the axial direction away from the piston 2, the deformation amount of the first rubber member 31 is larger than that of the second rubber member 32, and the deformation amount of the second rubber member 32 is larger than that of the third rubber member 33, for this reason, the aperture of the deformation hole 34 in the first rubber member 31 is larger than that of the deformation hole 34 in the second rubber member 32, and the aperture of the deformation hole 34 in the second rubber member 32 is larger than that of the deformation hole 34 in the third rubber member 33, so that a sufficient deformation space is provided for the deformation of each rubber member.

Further, the casing 1 is provided with a flow hole 121 communicating with the mounting chamber 15, and the flow hole 121 communicates with the outside atmosphere. The flow hole 121 is adopted to make the installation cavity 15 be non-closed, so that the delay of the response of the piston 2 caused by the fact that the piston 2 compresses air in the installation cavity 15 because of the sealing of the installation cavity 15 in the process that the piston 2 moves to the side where the rubber part is located can be avoided. In addition, because the rubber spare extrusion in-process generates heat, carry out the circulation of gas between air and the external atmosphere through the installation cavity 15 in, can also play and carry out cooling's effect to the rubber spare.

In other embodiments, the flow hole 121 may be communicated with a medium chamber which contains a liquid medium and is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the medium chamber may be a cooling lubricating oil passage of an engine, a water tank, an oil tank or the like. In the process that the piston 2 moves towards the side where the rubber part is located, liquid medium in the installation cavity 15 enters the medium cavity through the circulation hole 121 under the pushing action of the piston 2, and the medium cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere, so that response delay of the piston 2 cannot be caused. When the piston 2 moves to the side far away from the rubber piece, in order to enable the liquid medium in the medium cavity to enter the mounting cavity 15 through the circulation hole, the part of the medium cavity communicated with the circulation hole 121 can be always positioned below the liquid level in the medium cavity, and the liquid medium in the medium cavity can enter the mounting cavity 15 through the circulation hole by utilizing the negative pressure in the mounting cavity 15 when the piston resets.

Illustratively, the flow hole 121 is formed in the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove. Optionally, the circulation hole 121 is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the rubber member is cooled by air. Illustratively, when the three rubber members are coaxially arranged, the mounting cavity 15 communicates with the flow hole 121 through the deformation hole 34 on the first rubber member 31, the deformation hole 34 on the second rubber member 32, and the deformation hole 34 on the third rubber member 33 in this order.

When the brake pedal is not stepped on, the brake chamber 14 is gradually decompressed, the piston 2 gradually approaches the inner bottom wall of the housing body 11 under the action of the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, the rubber member gradually returns to separate the piston 2 from the rubber member, and finally the protrusion 21 of the piston 2 abuts against the inner bottom wall of the housing 1 under the action of the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42, and at this time, the first rubber member 31 and the piston 2 are arranged at an interval.

The operation of the pedal simulator provided in the present embodiment when the brake pedal is depressed will be briefly described with reference to fig. 2.

The first stage is as follows: when the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake master cylinder sends brake oil into the brake cavity 14 through the oil hole 111, the oil pressure in the brake cavity 14 is gradually increased, when F3 is larger than the sum of F1 and F2, the piston 2 slides in the housing 1 against the repulsive force and gradually approaches the rubber piece, as the piston 2 gradually approaches the first rubber piece 31, the distance between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 is gradually reduced, and the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 is gradually increased; after the piston 2 contacts the first rubber 31, the piston 2 will continue to slide in the housing 1 against the above mentioned repulsion force and the resistance provided by the first rubber 31, and the piston 2 presses the first rubber 31 to deform the first rubber 31, and at the same time the first rubber 31 deforms, so that the distance between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 is further reduced, and the repulsion force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 will continue to increase.

And a second stage: after the force of the piston 2 acting on the first rubber member 31 is increased to a certain extent, the second rubber member 32 starts to deform, and the piston 2 continues to slide in the housing 1 against the repulsive force described above and the resistance provided by the first rubber member 31 and the second rubber member 32.

And a third stage: after the acting force of the piston 2 on the first rubber piece 31 is increased to a certain degree, the third rubber piece 33 starts to deform, the piston 2 overcomes the repulsion force, and the resistance provided by the first rubber piece 31, the second rubber piece 32 and the third rubber piece 33 continues to slide in the shell 1 until the piston 2 abuts against the opening end face of the mounting groove, the piston 2 cannot continue to slide in the piston 2, and the opening degree of the brake pedal is maximum at the moment.

While the piston 2 slides in the housing 1, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 provides an initial pedal force when the piston 2 is separated from the first rubber 31, and the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 gradually increases as the piston 2 approaches the first rubber 31. Since the hardness of the rubber member closer to the piston 2 is smaller than that of the rubber member farther from the piston 2 among the two adjacent rubber members axially distributed along the piston 2, the first rubber member 31, the second rubber member 32, and the third rubber member 33 start to function in order to provide the pedal force after the piston 2 contacts the first rubber member 31. Fig. 5 is a characteristic curve of pedal force versus pedal stroke of the pedal simulator provided in the present embodiment, where the first stage corresponds to the stage AB in fig. 5, the repulsive force between the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 provides the main pedal force in the first stage, and the first rubber 31 starts to deform to provide the pedal force near the second stage; the second stage corresponds to the section BC in fig. 5, in which the second rubber member 32 starts to deform to provide the pedal force; the third stage corresponds to the CD-section in fig. 5, in which the third rubber member 33 starts to deform to provide the pedal force. This embodiment adopts first magnetic element 41, second magnetic element 42 and three rubber spare cooperation to provide the pedal force, and when the rubber spare that switches different hardnesses provided the pedal force, the transition is gentle to the pedal force, does not have obvious knee point, provides good feel, has improved driving comfort.

It should be noted that, different vehicle models have different requirements for the pedal force provided by the pedal simulator, and different pedal feeling can be provided by changing the magnetic fluxes of the first magnetic element 41 and the second magnetic element 42 and the hardness of each rubber piece when the pedal simulator works, so as to match different vehicle models.

Example two

This embodiment carries out further optimization to above-mentioned footboard simulator on the basis of embodiment one, and when the hardness of the rubber spare that is close apart from piston 2 in two adjacent rubber spares was less than the hardness of the rubber spare far away apart from piston 2, be equipped with on the rubber spare that is close apart from piston 2 the same and with the rubber spare grafting complex rubber grafting portion far away apart from piston 2 with its hardness. Illustratively, a first rubber plug-in part is arranged on the first rubber piece 31, and a first plug-in part which is in plug-in fit with the first rubber plug-in part is arranged on the second rubber piece 32; the second rubber part 32 is provided with a second rubber insertion part, and the third rubber part 33 is provided with a second insertion part which is in insertion fit with the second rubber insertion part.

When the first rubber part 31 is elastically deformed and the second rubber part 32 is not elastically deformed, the first rubber insertion part is not elastically deformed because the first rubber insertion part does not have enough deformation space; when second rubber spare 32 just begins to take place elastic deformation, the elastic deformation of second rubber spare 32 will provide the deformation space for the elastic deformation of first rubber grafting portion, and first rubber grafting portion and second rubber spare 32 will take place elastic deformation simultaneously. When the second rubber part 32 is elastically deformed and the third rubber part 33 is not elastically deformed, the second rubber insertion part is not elastically deformed because the second rubber insertion part does not have enough deformation space; when elastic deformation just begins to take place at third rubber spare 33, the elastic deformation of third rubber spare 33 will provide the deformation space for the elastic deformation of second rubber grafting portion, and second rubber grafting portion and third rubber spare 33 will take place elastic deformation simultaneously.

The pedal simulator provided by the embodiment, when the hardness of the rubber piece closer to the piston 2 in two adjacent rubber pieces is smaller than the hardness of the rubber piece farther from the piston 2, the rubber inserting part which is the same as the hardness of the rubber piece closer to the piston 2 and is matched with the rubber piece farther from the piston 2 in an inserting manner is arranged on the rubber piece closer to the piston 2, in two adjacent rubber pieces, when the rubber piece with higher hardness is switched to act, the rubber piece with higher hardness just starts to generate elastic deformation, the rubber inserting part on the rubber piece with lower hardness simultaneously generates elastic deformation, in the process of switching the rubber pieces with different hardnesses to provide pedal force, the pedal force is provided by the rubber piece with higher hardness and the rubber inserting part on the rubber piece with lower hardness together, the transition of the pedal force on a pedal force-pedal stroke characteristic curve is more gradual, no obvious inflection point exists, better foot feel is provided, and the driving comfort is further improved.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pedal simulator, comprising:

the brake system comprises a shell (1), wherein the shell (1) comprises an accommodating cavity and an oil hole (111) for connecting a brake master cylinder;

the piston (2) is arranged in the accommodating cavity in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the piston (2), the accommodating cavity is divided into a mounting cavity (15) and a braking cavity (14), and the braking cavity (14) is communicated with the oil hole (111);

at least two rubber pieces with different hardness are arranged in the mounting cavity (15), and the at least two rubber pieces are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the piston (2);

the device is characterized in that the installation cavity (15) is internally provided with:

a first magnetic element (41) fixedly mounted to the piston (2);

the second magnetic element (42) is fixedly arranged on the rubber piece adjacent to the piston (2), and the first magnetic element (41) and the second magnetic element (42) are matched to generate repulsive force which acts on the rubber piece to enable the rubber piece to be close to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity;

the hardness of the rubber piece closer to the piston (2) in two adjacent rubber pieces is smaller than that of the rubber piece farther from the piston (2);

and in the two adjacent rubber pieces, the rubber piece closer to the piston (2) is provided with a rubber plug-in part which has the same hardness as the rubber piece and is in plug-in fit with the rubber piece farther from the piston (2).

2. The pedal simulator according to claim 1, wherein said first magnetic element (41) is a magnetic ring and said second magnetic element (42) is a magnetic ring or an electromagnet.

3. Pedal simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that said second magnetic element (42) is injection-moulded or provided separately from said rubber adjacent to said piston (2).

4. The pedal simulator according to claim 1, wherein each of the rubber members is provided with a deformation hole (34).

5. The pedal simulator according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the deformation hole (34) in the rubber member having a large hardness is smaller than the diameter of the deformation hole (34) in the rubber member having a small hardness.

6. The pedal simulator according to claim 4, characterized in that said housing (1) is provided with a through hole (121) communicating with said mounting chamber (15);

the circulation hole (121) is communicated with the outside atmosphere or a medium cavity which contains a liquid medium and is communicated with the outside atmosphere.

7. The pedal simulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the housing (1) comprises:

the shell body (11), wherein the accommodating cavity with one open end is arranged on the shell body (11);

a rear cover (12), said rear cover (12) for closing off said opening.

8. The pedal simulator according to claim 7, wherein the rear cover (12) is provided with a mounting groove, all the rubber members are sequentially inserted into the mounting groove along the depth direction of the mounting groove, and the rubber member farthest from the piston (2) can abut against the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove.

9. The pedal simulator according to claim 8, wherein a stop member (123) is provided on the inner wall of the housing (1), the stop member (123) being capable of abutting against an end surface of the piston (2) facing the rubber member.

10. The pedal simulator according to claim 9, wherein the stopper (123) is an open end surface of the mounting groove.

11. The pedal simulator according to claim 7, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the rear cover (12) is convexly provided with a limiting part (122), and the rear cover (12) is externally sleeved with a pressing ring (13) which is in threaded connection with the shell main body (11);

along the axial direction of the piston (2), the pressing ring (13) is abutted against the limiting part (122), and the limiting part (122) is pressed on the inner wall of the shell main body (11).

12. The pedal simulator according to claim 11, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the stopper portion (122) is a tapered surface, and the inner peripheral wall of the case main body (11) has a tapered mating surface that mates with the tapered surface.

13. A braking system comprising a pedal simulator according to any one of claims 1 to 12.