CN113942426B

CN113942426B - Fuel cell energy management method, device, apparatus and readable storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN113942426B
Application number: CN202111370618.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李梦妮; 李春东; 刘金鑫; 黄国靖; 毛天仪
Original assignee: Dongfeng Trucks Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Trucks Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-18
Filing date: 2021-11-18
Publication date: 2023-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-18
Also published as: CN113942426A

Abstract

The application relates to a method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium for managing energy of a fuel cell, and relates to the technical field of energy management of the fuel cell, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a real-time SOC value of a power cell and an SOC value at the last moment, and determining a first SOC interval according to the SOC value at the last moment; judging whether the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval and smaller than the upper limit value of the first SOC interval; if so, determining the first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC section and the fuel electric output power, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell. Through the method and the device, even if the SOC value of the power battery fluctuates, the output power at the last moment can be used as the real-time output power of the fuel battery as long as the SOC value is not smaller than the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval, so that frequent change of the output power is avoided, and the durability and the service life of the fuel battery are further improved.

Description

Fuel cell energy management method, device, apparatus and readable storage medium

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of battery energy management technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a readable storage medium for managing energy of a fuel cell.

Background

In recent years, due to the rise in petroleum prices, the instability of resources, and the influence of global warming, more and more enterprises and researchers have been looking into the field of new energy automobiles. Among these, fuel cell hybrid vehicles are favored by many researchers by virtue of their short fueling time, long driving range, zero emission, and the like. However, in order to be able to efficiently supply the energy required for the running of the vehicle and to reduce the consumption of hydrogen and extend the life of the battery to compete with the conventional diesel vehicles, it is necessary to develop an energy management control strategy for the fuel cell hybrid vehicle to achieve this series of objects.

In the related art, the minimum output power of the hydrogen fuel cell is determined through the intervention speed of the hydrogen fuel cell in real time and the real-time speed of the vehicle, and the method can control the hydrogen fuel cell to output low power when the vehicle brakes, so that the braking energy recovery rate is improved; however, the method for adjusting the energy distribution of the hydrogen fuel cell system depends on comparison with the real-time speed of the vehicle, and the speed change of the vehicle is very rapid when the vehicle runs on an unspecified road, so that the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell system, namely, the output power at the current moment, changes rapidly, which is bad for the durability of the fuel cell and influences the service life of the fuel cell.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a fuel cell energy management method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problems of poor durability and short service life of a fuel cell caused by controlling the energy distribution of the fuel cell through real-time vehicle speed in the related technology.

In a first aspect, a fuel cell energy management method is provided, comprising the steps of:

acquiring a real-time SOC value and a last-time SOC value of a power battery, and determining a first SOC section according to the last-time SOC value;

judging whether the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of an SOC hysteresis interval and smaller than the upper limit value of a first SOC interval, wherein the SOC hysteresis interval is determined based on the first SOC interval and a corresponding preset hysteresis value;

if so, determining the first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC section and the fuel electric output power, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell.

In some embodiments, after the step of using the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell, the method further includes:

acquiring a second output power of the fuel-air system at the previous moment;

comparing the magnitude of the first output power with the magnitude of the second output power;

if the first output power is smaller than the second output power, the power battery is used as a power source and simultaneously supplies power for the whole vehicle load with the fuel battery;

if the first output power is equal to the second output power, the fuel cell is used as a power source to supply power for the whole vehicle load;

and if the first output power is larger than the second output power, the fuel-electric system charges the power battery.

In some embodiments, the second output power is an instantaneous power consumption of the whole vehicle.

In some embodiments, after the step of determining whether the real-time SOC value is greater than or equal to a lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval and less than an upper limit value of the first SOC interval, the method further includes:

if the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the upper limit value of the first SOC section, determining a second SOC section according to the real-time SOC value, wherein the lower limit value of the second SOC section is equal to the upper limit value of the first SOC section;

and determining third output power of the fuel-electric system according to the mapping relation between the second SOC interval and the fuel-electric output power, and taking the third output power as the output power of the fuel cell.

if the real-time SOC value is smaller than the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis zone, determining a third SOC zone according to the real-time SOC value, wherein the upper limit value of the third SOC zone is equal to the lower limit value of the first SOC zone;

and determining fourth output power of the fuel-electric system according to the mapping relation between the third SOC interval and the fuel-electric output power, and taking the fourth output power as the output power of the fuel cell.

In a second aspect, there is provided a fuel cell energy management apparatus comprising:

the power battery control device comprises an acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a real-time SOC value of a power battery and an SOC value at the last moment and determining a first SOC section according to the SOC value at the last moment;

the judging unit is used for judging whether the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval and smaller than the upper limit value of the first SOC interval, and the SOC hysteresis interval is determined based on the first SOC interval and the corresponding preset hysteresis value;

and the determining unit is used for determining the first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC interval and the fuel electric output power if the real-time SOC value is positive, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell.

In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a control unit for:

acquiring a second output power of the fuel-air system at the previous moment;

In some embodiments, the determining unit is further configured to:

In a third aspect, there is provided a fuel cell energy management apparatus comprising: the fuel cell energy management system comprises a memory and a processor, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to realize the fuel cell energy management method.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the aforementioned fuel cell energy management method.

The beneficial effects that technical scheme that this application provided brought include: the durability and the service life of the fuel cell can be improved, and the energy management of the fuel cell can be effectively realized.

The application provides a method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium for managing energy of a fuel cell, which comprise the steps of obtaining a real-time SOC value of a power cell and an SOC value at the last moment, and determining a first SOC interval according to the SOC value at the last moment; judging whether the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval and smaller than the upper limit value of the first SOC interval, wherein the SOC hysteresis interval is determined based on the first SOC interval and a corresponding preset hysteresis value; if so, determining the first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC section and the fuel electric output power, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell. Through the method and the device, even if the SOC value of the power battery fluctuates, as long as the SOC value is not smaller than the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval, the first output power of the fuel system can be determined according to the mapping relation between the first SOC interval and the fuel output power determined by the SOC value at the previous moment, and the first output power is used as the output power of the fuel battery, namely, the output power at the previous moment is used as the real-time output power of the fuel battery, so that frequent change of the output power is avoided, the durability and the service life of the fuel battery are further improved, and the energy management of the fuel battery is effectively realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for fuel cell energy management according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell energy management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell energy management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.

The embodiment of the application provides a fuel cell energy management method, a device, equipment and a readable storage medium, which can solve the problems of poor durability and short service life of a fuel cell caused by controlling the energy distribution of the fuel cell through real-time vehicle speed in the related technology.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell energy management method according to an embodiment of the present application, including the following steps:

step S10: acquiring a real-time SOC value and a last-time SOC value of a power battery, and determining a first SOC section according to the last-time SOC value;

step S20: judging whether the real-time SOC value is larger than or equal to the lower limit value of an SOC hysteresis interval and smaller than the upper limit value of a first SOC interval, wherein the SOC hysteresis interval is determined based on the first SOC interval and a corresponding preset hysteresis value;

step S30: if so, determining the first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC section and the fuel electric output power, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell.

Through the method and the device, even if the SOC value of the power battery fluctuates, as long as the SOC value is not smaller than the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval, the first output power of the fuel system can be determined according to the mapping relation between the first SOC interval and the fuel output power determined by the SOC value at the previous moment, and the first output power is used as the output power of the fuel battery, namely, the output power at the previous moment is used as the real-time output power of the fuel battery, so that frequent change of the output power is avoided, the durability and the service life of the fuel battery are further improved, and the energy management of the fuel battery is effectively realized.

Further, in an embodiment of the present application, after the step of taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell, the method further includes:

acquiring second output power of the fuel-air system at the previous moment, wherein the second output power is instantaneous power consumption of the whole vehicle;

Further, in the embodiment of the present application, after the step of determining whether the real-time SOC value is greater than or equal to the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval and less than the upper limit value of the first SOC interval, the method further includes:

The specific workflow and principles of the fuel cell energy management method are further explained below.

Exemplary, in the embodiment of the present application, a mapping relationship between an SOC (State of Charge) interval of the power battery and the output power of the fuel-electric system is preset, for example, the SOC interval is [85%,100% ], and the output power of the fuel-electric system is 0; the SOC interval is [83%, 85%), the output power of the fuel-electric system is 19kw; the SOC interval is 80 percent and 83 percent, and the output power of the fuel-electric system is 37kw; the SOC interval is 75 percent and 80 percent, and the output power of the fuel-electric system is 52kw; the SOC interval is [0, 55%), the output power of the fuel-air system is 108kw, and it should be noted that the foregoing examples of the mapping relationship between the SOC interval and the output power of the fuel-air system are only exemplary, and the specific mapping relationship may be set according to the actual requirement, which is not limited herein.

Determining SOC hysteresis intervals of all the SOC intervals according to preset hysteresis values, wherein the preset hysteresis values can be obtained by calibration according to test and real vehicle test conditions, and if the preset hysteresis value of the SOC interval is [85%,100% ] is 1%, the SOC hysteresis interval is [84%,85% ]; the preset hysteresis value of the SOC interval is [83%, 85%) and the SOC hysteresis interval is [81%,83% ]; the SOC interval is [80%, 83%) and the preset hysteresis value is 3%, and the SOC hysteresis interval is [77%,80% ].

For example, the obtained real-time SOC value is 81%, the SOC value at the previous moment is 82%, the first SOC interval [80%, 83%) and the output power of the fuel-electric system can be determined according to the SOC value at the previous moment, and since 81% of the real-time SOC value still falls within the first SOC interval, the fuel-cell system still uses the output power of 37kw (i.e., the first output power) as the output power of the fuel cell; for another example, the obtained real-time SOC value is 79%, the SOC value at the previous time is 82%, the first SOC interval is [80%, 83%) and the corresponding SOC hysteresis interval is [77%,80% ] according to the SOC value at the previous time, and the output power of the fuel cell system is 37kw, and since 79% of the real-time SOC value falls within the SOC hysteresis interval of [77%,80% ], the output power of the fuel cell system is still 37kw as the output power of the fuel cell.

Therefore, even if the real-time SOC value of the power battery fluctuates, the value of the first output power of the fuel system is kept unchanged as long as the value changes in the corresponding SOC interval and the corresponding hysteresis interval of the SOC interval, and particularly, the first output power of the fuel system can be determined according to the mapping relation between the first SOC interval and the fuel output power determined by the SOC value at the last moment, and is used as the output power of the fuel battery, namely, the output power at the last moment is used as the real-time output power of the fuel battery, so that the frequent change of the output power is avoided, the durability and the service life of the fuel battery are further improved, and the energy management of the fuel battery is effectively realized.

When the real-time SOC value is greater than or equal to the upper limit value of the first SOC section, for example, the SOC value at the previous time is 82% and the real-time SOC value is 84%, this indicates that the power battery is in a charged state at this time, which further indicates that the vehicle will maintain the power consumption of the lower first gear for a longer period of time, so as to improve the output utilization of the fuel system, and to be able to directly supply more power consumption to the whole vehicle, it is necessary to reduce the output power of the fuel cell, and at this time, the first output power of the fuel cell may jump to the output power of the lower first gear (for example, 19 kw). Therefore, the second SOC interval is determined to be [83%, 85%) based on the real-time SOC value of 84%, and then the third output power is determined to be 19kw based on the second SOC interval, and 19kw is taken as the output power of the fuel cell.

When the real-time SOC value is smaller than the lower limit value of the SOC hysteresis interval, for example, the SOC value at the previous moment is 82% and the real-time SOC value is 76%, it may be determined that the first SOC interval is [80%, 83%) according to the SOC value at the previous moment, the corresponding SOC hysteresis interval is [77%,80% ], and the output power of the fuel cell system is 37 kw. Therefore, the third SOC interval is determined to be [75%, 80%) based on the 76% real-time SOC value, and then the fourth output power is determined to be 52kw based on the third SOC interval, and 52kw is taken as the output power of the fuel cell.

Further, the second output power of the fuel system at the previous moment, that is, the instantaneous power consumption of the whole vehicle at the previous moment, is obtained, when the first output power is smaller than the second output power, for example, the first output power is 37kw, and the second output power is 39kw, which indicates that the output of the fuel system is insufficient to maintain the power output of the whole vehicle, and the power battery needs to serve as an auxiliary power source to output and supply power to the load of the whole vehicle simultaneously with the fuel battery; if the SOC value at the previous moment is 82% and the real-time SOC value is 76%, the real-time SOC value is reduced from 82% to 76% at the previous moment, which means that the output power of the power battery plus the output power of the fuel battery can only just maintain the power output of the whole vehicle, but the loss to the power battery is larger, so that the output power of the fuel battery needs to be increased; the corresponding SOC interval can be adjusted to be 75 percent and 80 percent according to the 76 percent of real-time SOC value, the output power is correspondingly adjusted to be 52kw, and the 52kw is taken as the output power of the fuel cell; however, if the SOC value at the previous time is 82% and the real-time SOC value is 79%, the 79% falls within the SOC hysteresis range of [77%,80% ], and at this time, the fuel cell system still uses 37kw as the output power of the fuel cell, so that it is possible to avoid frequent output power changes and degradation of the durability of the fuel cell system.

If the first output power is equal to the second output power, the output of the fuel system just maintains the power output of the whole vehicle, and at the moment, the output power of a power output source and the output power of a fuel cell do not need to be adjusted, and the fuel cell is used as the power source to supply power for the load of the whole vehicle continuously;

if the first output power is greater than the second output power, for example, the first output power is 37kw and the second output power is 18kw, which indicates that the output power of the fuel-air system is greater than the power consumption of the whole vehicle, further indicates that the power battery can be used as an energy storage system to store redundant capacity at the moment, so that the fuel-air system can charge the power battery. Obviously, the difference between the first output power and the second output power is the power part of the fuel system for charging the power battery; however, in order not to cause energy waste, the fuel cell is required to be mainly used for power supply of the whole vehicle, and the real-time SOC value of the power cell is increased in the charging process, so that the first output power of the fuel cell can be adjusted according to the change of the real-time SOC value. For example, the SOC value at the previous moment is 82%, and the real-time SOC value is 84%, which is significantly beyond the upper limit value 83% in the first SOC interval corresponding to the SOC value at the previous moment being 82%, the first output power of the fuel-electric system will jump to the output power of the lower first gear, that is, the SOC interval is [83%, 85%) and the output power 19kw of the corresponding fuel-electric system.

Therefore, according to the load consumption of the whole vehicle and the change of the SOC value of the power battery, the self-adaptive adjustment of the output power of the fuel system from low to high or from high to low is carried out, meanwhile, the SOC hysteresis interval is also arranged, and in the self-adaptive adjustment process of the output power of the fuel system, the output power value of the fuel system can be kept until the output power exceeds the hysteresis interval as long as the SOC value of the power battery can be stabilized within a certain hysteresis interval. Thus, the SOC balance of the power battery can be satisfied, and the durability of the fuel battery can be improved.

Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application further provides a fuel cell energy management device, including:

Still further, in an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes a control unit configured to:

Further, in an embodiment of the present application, the determining unit is further configured to:

Exemplary, in the embodiment of the application, the whole vehicle comprises a fuel cell system, a power output control system and a driving system, wherein the power output control system is connected with the fuel cell system and the power cell system, and the fuel cell system is used for providing power for the driving system. The power output control system comprises a whole vehicle controller and a high-voltage distribution box, wherein the acquisition unit, the judgment unit, the determination unit and the control unit are integrated on the whole vehicle controller, and the power output control system is used for controlling power source output supply and energy distribution of the fuel cell system and the power cell system. Specifically, the vehicle controller controls the high-voltage contactor of the power battery system and the fuel system in the high-voltage distribution box to be attracted by sending an electrifying instruction to the high-voltage distribution box, so that the power output of the power battery system and the power output of the fuel system are controlled.

In addition, the mapping relation between the SOC interval and the fuel electric output power is preset in the whole vehicle controller, meanwhile, the instantaneous power consumption of the whole vehicle is calculated, the energy distribution of the fuel electric system is controlled according to the calculated instantaneous power consumption, a high-voltage contactor, a fuse and the like for controlling the power battery system and the power output of the fuel electric system are contained in the high-voltage distribution box, and the high-voltage distribution box controls the on-off of the corresponding high-voltage contactor according to the control instruction of the whole vehicle controller. The power battery system is used as an auxiliary power source of the whole vehicle, and provides power supplement when the output of the fuel electric system is insufficient to support the load consumption of the whole vehicle, namely, when the voltage of the fuel electric system is pulled down due to the fact that the load of the driving system is large, the power battery outputs power; when the output power of the fuel cell system is larger than the power required by the driving system or the driving system is reversely charged, the fuel cell system is boosted, the voltage is larger than that of the power cell, and the fuel cell system charges the power cell at the moment to store redundant power.

It should be noted that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific operation of the above-described apparatus and units may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiment of the fuel cell energy management method, which is not described herein again.

The fuel cell energy management apparatus provided by the above-described embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program that can be run on a fuel cell energy management device as shown in fig. 3.

The embodiment of the application also provides a fuel cell energy management device, which comprises: the system comprises a memory, a processor and a network interface which are connected through a system bus, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the memory, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor so as to realize all or part of the steps of the fuel cell energy management method.

Wherein the network interface is used for network communication, such as sending assigned tasks, etc. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structure shown in fig. 3 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the present application and is not limiting of the computer device to which the present application may be applied, and that a particular computer device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

The processor may be a CPU, but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic device discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like, that is a control center of a computer device, with various interfaces and lines connecting various parts of the entire computer device.

The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or modules, and the processor implements various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory, and invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function (such as a video playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as video data, image data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart Media Card (SMC), secure Digital (SD) Card, flash Card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The embodiments also provide a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the steps of the aforementioned fuel cell energy management method.

The embodiments of the present application implement all or part of the above-described procedures, or may be implemented by a computer program that instructs related hardware to perform the steps of the above-described methods when the computer program is executed by a processor. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or in some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, record medium, USB flash disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-Only memory (ROM), random access memory (Random Access memory, RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and so forth. It should be noted that the content of the computer readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of the jurisdiction's jurisdiction and the patent practice, for example, in some jurisdictions, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals according to the jurisdiction and the patent practice.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.

The foregoing numbers in the embodiments of the present application are merely for description, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the application to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of fuel cell energy management comprising the steps of:

if so, determining a first output power of the fuel electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC section and the fuel electric output power, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell;

after the step of taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell, further comprising:

acquiring a second output power of the fuel-air system at the previous moment;

2. The fuel cell energy management method of claim 1, wherein: the second output power is the instantaneous power consumption of the whole vehicle.

3. The fuel cell energy management method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the step of determining whether the real-time SOC value is greater than or equal to a lower limit value of an SOC hysteresis interval and less than an upper limit value of a first SOC interval:

4. The fuel cell energy management method according to claim 1, further comprising, after the step of determining whether the real-time SOC value is greater than or equal to a lower limit value of an SOC hysteresis interval and less than an upper limit value of a first SOC interval:

5. A fuel cell energy management apparatus, comprising:

the determining unit is used for determining the first output power of the fuel-electric system according to the real-time SOC value and the mapping relation between the first SOC interval and the fuel-electric output power if yes, and taking the first output power as the output power of the fuel cell;

the control unit is used for acquiring the second output power of the fuel-air system at the last moment; comparing the magnitude of the first output power with the magnitude of the second output power; if the first output power is smaller than the second output power, the power battery is used as a power source and simultaneously supplies power for the whole vehicle load with the fuel battery; if the first output power is equal to the second output power, the fuel cell is used as a power source to supply power for the whole vehicle load; and if the first output power is larger than the second output power, the fuel-electric system charges the power battery.

6. The fuel cell energy management device of claim 5, wherein the determination unit is further configured to:

7. A fuel cell energy management apparatus, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein at least one instruction that is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the fuel cell energy management method of any of claims 1-4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized by: the computer storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the fuel cell energy management method of any one of claims 1 to 4.