CN113942398B - Single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism - Google Patents
Single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN113942398B CN113942398B CN202111406574.5A CN202111406574A CN113942398B CN 113942398 B CN113942398 B CN 113942398B CN 202111406574 A CN202111406574 A CN 202111406574A CN 113942398 B CN113942398 B CN 113942398B
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- track
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/03—Electric propulsion by linear motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism with a single permanent magnet array, which comprises a track beam, a suspension guide track, a carriage, a frame unit, a permanent magnet array, an upper skid, a lower skid and a side skid, wherein the suspension guide track is of a groove-shaped inclined structure; the upper skid, the lower skid and the sideslip skid are fixed on the suspension guide support frame, and are used for restraining the vertical movement of the vehicle body together with the lower sliding rail and the upper sliding rail and restraining the transverse movement of the vehicle body together with the sideslip rail on the side surface of the rail. When the vehicle body is stationary or the running speed is low, the lower skid falls on the contact of the lower sliding rail to support the vehicle; the vehicle-mounted magnet array interacts with the non-magnetic conductor plate during high-speed operation to enable the vehicle body to be in a suspension state; when the vehicle body is misplaced left and right, the inclined suspension guide rail enables the suspension force component to have self-guiding capability, and the mechanism integrating the low-speed mechanical support and the high-speed suspension guide support has compact and simple structure and can be applied to systems such as high-speed magnetic levitation trains, high-speed electromagnetic driving devices and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic levitation trains, in particular to a single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric levitation guiding integrated mechanism.
Background
The magnetic levitation track traffic technology stands out from a plurality of track traffic modes due to a plurality of advantages in the aspects of running speed, climbing capacity, turning radius, squelch and the like, and is receiving more and more attention. At present, the magnetic levitation technology mainly comprises two modes of electromagnetic levitation and electric levitation, and the latter has the advantages of larger levitation gap, self-stabilization, simple structure and the like under the application speed, and particularly, the permanent magnet electric levitation can not have the quench danger like a superconductor, and is economical, energy-saving, and more stable and reliable.
In the low-speed interval of the operation of the magnetic levitation train, the electric levitation force is insufficient to support the levitation of the train, and a reasonable active support mode is required to assist the running action of the train before levitation; when the magnetic levitation train runs at high speed, reasonable limit is needed to avoid collision between the magnet and the track.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism, and aims to simplify and integrate a device for realizing suspension, guide, support and limit key functions in a maglev train.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the integrated mechanism comprises a carriage, a frame unit, a magnetic levitation track lower conductor plate, a magnetic levitation track upper conductor plate, a lower slide rail, an upper slide rail, a side slide rail, a structural connecting piece, a connecting piece fixing seat, a permanent magnet array, a levitation guide support frame, an upper slide sled, a lower slide sled, a side slide sled and a linear driving motor component;
the carriage is arranged above the frame unit, and the linear driving motor assembly is arranged below the frame unit; the two sides of the frame unit are respectively and fixedly provided with a connecting piece fixing seat, the connecting piece fixing seat is connected with the suspension guide support frame through a structural connecting piece, and a permanent magnet array is arranged in the suspension guide support frame;
the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track are obliquely arranged and are parallel to each other; the upper sliding rail is located on the outer side of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and is connected with the upper sliding rail, the lower sliding rail is located on the outer side of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and is connected with the lower sliding rail, the side sliding rail is located on the outer side of the lower sliding rail and is connected with the upper sliding rail, the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail, the lower sliding rail, the upper sliding rail and the side sliding rail are combined to form an inclined groove-type structure guide rail, the inclination angle is a, the permanent magnet array is placed in the groove-type structure guide rail and is parallel to the space between the inclined lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail, the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and the non-magnetic conductive metal plate are arranged on the magnetic levitation rail, and the lower sliding rail, the upper sliding rail and the side sliding rail are all made of the non-magnetic conductive wear-resistant metal plate.
Further, the permanent magnet array consists of a plurality of permanent magnet blocks with N poles and S poles arranged at intervals, and is magnetized in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the permanent magnet array; or two layers of permanent magnet arrays magnetized in a Halbach mode.
Further, the permanent magnet arrays are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame unit, and the number of the permanent magnet arrays arranged on each side is the same.
Further, the upper skid, the lower skid and the side skid are fixed on the suspension guide support frame, and are matched with the lower sliding rail and the upper sliding rail to restrain the vertical movement of the vehicle, and are matched with the side skid to restrain the transverse movement of the vehicle.
Further, the upper skid, the lower skid and the side skids are made of non-magnetic conductive wear-resistant metal plates.
Further, the linear driving motor assembly comprises a motor stator, a motor stator winding, a motor rotor and a motor rotor supporting mechanism, wherein a motor rotor base, a motor rotor, a stator winding and a stator winding base are sequentially arranged below the frame unit; alternating current is supplied to the stator winding to drive the motor rotor to move, so that the vehicle is driven to move.
Further, when the permanent magnet array moves relatively to the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track, eddy current is generated in the lower conductor plate, repulsive force Fn1 vertical to the permanent magnet array upwards is generated between the eddy current field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array, and the Fn1 can be decomposed into normal force Fv1 vertical to the horizontal direction and tangential force Fh1 horizontal to the horizontal direction; simultaneously, eddy currents are generated in the upper conductor plate, a repulsive force Fn2 vertical to the downward direction of the permanent magnet array is generated between the eddy current field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array, and the repulsive force Fn2 can be decomposed into a normal force Fv2 vertical to the horizontal direction and a tangential force Fh2 vertical to the horizontal direction;
wherein fv=fncos (a), fh=fnsin (a), the normal force is represented by a levitation force to the vehicle, and the tangential force is represented by a transverse force to the vehicle; (Fv 1-Fv 2) form a levitation force to the vehicle and (Fh 1-Fh 2) form a guiding force.
Further, when the vehicle is stationary or the running speed is low, the lower skid falls on the lower slide rail to be contacted with the lower slide rail, so as to support the vehicle; when the vehicle runs at a high speed, the permanent magnet array interacts with the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track, so that the vehicle is in a levitation state; when the vehicle is dislocated left and right, the inclined groove-type structural track enables the suspension force to have self-guiding capability.
Further, a damping spring is arranged between the carriage and the frame unit.
Further, the integrated mechanism further comprises a track beam, a suspension track base, a suspension track lower support frame, a suspension track support column, a lower conductor plate back plate, an upper conductor plate back plate and a suspension track upper support frame; the suspension track base is arranged below the stator winding base, suspension track bases are respectively arranged on two sides above the suspension track base, suspension track supporting columns are fixedly arranged above the suspension track bases, a suspension track lower supporting frame and a suspension track upper supporting frame are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the suspension track supporting columns, a lower conductor plate backboard is arranged above the suspension track lower supporting frame, and the lower conductor plate is arranged below the magnetic suspension track lower conductor plate; the upper conductor plate backboard is arranged below the upper support frame of the suspension track, and above the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track.
In the invention, the permanent magnet arrays are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the frame unit. The left permanent magnet array receives the transverse force Fh2 of the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track to the right and receives the transverse force Fh1 of the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track to the left; the right permanent magnet array receives the transverse force Fh2 'of the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track to the left and receives the transverse force Fh1' of the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track to the right.
Further, the non-magnetic conductor plate may be an aluminum plate, a copper plate, or other suitable metal plates, which will not be described in detail herein. The thickness of the non-magnetic conductor plate meets the requirement that the eddy current effect is not limited by space, so that the levitation force is reduced, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of the conductor plate is ensured to be higher.
The upper skid and the lower skid are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the suspension guide support frame between the permanent magnet arrays, and the sideslip skid is arranged on the side surface of the suspension guide support frame. The upper skid, the lower skid and the side skids are made of non-magnetic wear-resistant metal plates, such as high-strength stainless steel, and can also be made of high-strength non-metal materials, such as polyurethane rubber bearings.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the lower sled falls on the lower sled contact surface to support the vehicle at rest or at a lower speed of operation.
The vehicle accelerates under the action of the propelling force of the motor rotor, the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track vertically upwards suspends the force Fv1 of the permanent magnet array, the gravity of the vehicle, the downward aerodynamic force and the resultant force of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track vertically downwards suspends the force Fv2 of the permanent magnet array are overcome, the vehicle reaches a balance position, and the vehicle suspends and runs;
when the vehicle deviates upwards from the balance position, the upward suspension force Fv1 of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track to the permanent magnet array is reduced, the downward suspension force Fv2 of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track to the permanent magnet array is increased, the vehicle is driven to return to the balance position downwards, and the upper skid contacts the upper sliding rail at the maximum displacement position to restrict the movement of the vehicle body in the vertical upward direction.
When the vehicle deviates downwards from the balance position under the influence of external force, the upward suspension force Fv1 of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track to the permanent magnet array is increased, the downward suspension force Fv2 of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track to the permanent magnet array is reduced, and the vehicle is driven to return to the balance position upwards; if the interference of the external force on the vehicle is larger than the electromagnetic force for driving the vehicle to return to the equilibrium position upwards, the lower skid at the maximum displacement contacts the lower sliding rail, and the movement of the vehicle body in the vertical and downward directions is restrained.
When the vehicle does not deviate left and right, the right transverse force Fh2 of the upper conductor plate of the left permanent magnet array magnetically levitated track is equal to the left transverse force Fh2 'of the upper conductor plate of the right permanent magnet array magnetically levitated track, the left transverse force Fh1 of the lower conductor plate of the left permanent magnet array magnetically levitated track is equal to the right transverse force Fh1' of the lower conductor plate of the right permanent magnet array magnetically levitated track, and the vehicle frame unit and the vehicle keep balance positions in the transverse direction.
When the vehicle deviates from the balance position leftwards under the influence of external force, the distance between the left permanent magnet array and the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track is increased, and the distance between the left permanent magnet array and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track is reduced, so that the left transverse force Fh1 is reduced, and the right transverse force Fh2 is increased; the distance between the right permanent magnet array and the conductor plate under the magnetic levitation track is reduced, the distance between the right permanent magnet array and the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track is increased, so that the left transverse force Fh2 'is reduced, and the right transverse force Fh1' is increased. Thus, the sum of the right lateral forces is greater than the sum of the left lateral forces, forcing the vehicle to return to the right to the neutral equilibrium position. If the external force applied to the vehicle is greater than the electromagnetic force driving the vehicle to return to the middle balance position to the right, the side sliding sledge at the maximum displacement contacts with the side sliding sledge at the left side surface of the track, and the lateral movement of the vehicle body is restrained.
When the vehicle deviates from the balance position to the right under the influence of external force, the distance between the left permanent magnet array and the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track is reduced, and the distance between the left permanent magnet array and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track is increased, so that the left transverse force Fh1 is increased, and the right transverse force Fh2 is reduced; the distance between the right permanent magnet array and the conductor plate under the magnetic levitation track is increased, the distance between the right permanent magnet array and the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track is reduced, so that the left transverse force Fh2 'is increased, and the right transverse force Fh1' is reduced. Thus, the sum of the left lateral forces is greater than the sum of the right lateral forces, forcing the vehicle to return to the neutral equilibrium position to the left. If the external force applied to the vehicle is larger than the electromagnetic force for driving the vehicle to return to the middle balance position leftwards, the sideslip sleds at the maximum displacement contact with the side sliding rail on the right side surface of the rail, so that the transverse movement of the vehicle body is restrained.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts repulsive force type permanent magnet electric suspension, and the suspension guiding system is composed of double-sided conductor plates and a middle vehicle-mounted magnet and is in a certain inclination angle, so that upward suspension force, downward suspension force and guiding force are provided without an additional guiding device.
2. The invention adopts the non-magnetic conductor plate, the process is simpler, the stability is better, and the cost is low.
3. The limit skid is simple and convenient to install, meets the requirements of supporting, running and buffering vibration reduction of the electric suspension train at low speed, and can be limited transversely, vertically at high speed, so that the mechanism can integrate the functions of low-speed mechanical support, high-speed limiting and suspension guiding, has a more compact and simple structure, and improves operability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single permanent magnet array sandwich permanent magnet electric suspension guiding integrated mechanism provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the relative positions of the permanent magnet array and the upper sled, sideslip sled of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the relative positions of the permanent magnet array and the upper sled, lower sled, and side sled of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary first permanent magnet array of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an example two of a permanent magnet array in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis of a vehicle-mounted permanent magnet array with an upward tilt angle in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis of an on-board permanent magnet array with downward tilt angle in the present invention.
Wherein 100 vehicles, 101 carriages, 110-1 left shock-absorbing springs, 110-2 right shock-absorbing springs, 40 carriage units, 20-1 left lower conductor plate of magnetic levitation track, 24-1 left upper conductor plate of magnetic levitation track, 20-2 right lower conductor plate of magnetic levitation track, 24-2 right upper conductor plate of magnetic levitation track, 21-2 right lower slide rail, 23-2 right upper slide rail, 22-2 right slide rail, 21-1 left lower slide rail, 23-1 left upper slide rail, 22-1 left slide rail, 43-1 left front permanent magnet array, 43-2 right front permanent magnet array, 43-3 left rear permanent magnet array, 43-4 right rear permanent magnet array, 44-1 left side support frame, 44-2 left side support frame of magnetic levitation guide, 45-1 and 45-3 left upper slide sleds, 46-1 left lower slide sleds, 47-1 and 47-3 left slide sleds, 45-2 and 45-4 right upper slide sleds, 46-2 right lower slide sleds, 47-2 and 47-4 motor sleds, 41-1 left motor sleds, 41-2 and 41-4 motor sleds, 41-2 stator connecting structure, 41-2 and 41-stator connecting stator structures, a 10 track beam, a 11-2 suspension track right base, a 12-2 suspension track right lower support frame, a 13-2 suspension track right support column, a 14-1 left lower conductor plate back plate, a 15-1 left upper conductor plate back plate, a 14-2 right lower conductor plate back plate, a 15-2 right upper conductor plate back plate, a, 16-2 upper right support frame of suspension track.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism. Comprises a vehicle 100, a carriage 101, damping springs (comprising left damping spring 110-1 and right damping spring 110-2), a frame unit 40, a lower conductor plate of a magnetic levitation track (comprising left lower conductor plate 20-1 of the magnetic levitation track and right lower conductor plate 20-2 of the magnetic levitation track), an upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track (comprising left upper conductor plate 24-1 of the magnetic levitation track and right upper conductor plate 24-2 of the magnetic levitation track), a lower slide rail 21 (comprising right lower slide rail 21-2 and left lower slide rail 21-1), an upper slide rail (comprising right upper slide rail 23-2 and left upper slide rail 23-1), a side slide rail (comprising right side slide rail 22-2 and left side slide rail 22-1), a permanent magnet array, a lower slide rail 21-2, a magnetic levitation track and a magnetic levitation track suspension guide support (including suspension guide left support 44-1, suspension guide right support 44-2), upper skids (including upper left skids 45-1 and 45-3, upper right skids 45-2 and 45-4), lower skids (including lower left skids 46-1, lower right skids 46-2), side skids (including lower left skids 47-1 and 47-3, right skids 47-2 and 47-4), structural connectors (including left structural connector 41-1, right structural connector 41-2), connector holder 42 (including left connector holder 42-1, right connector holder 42-2), motor stator 31, motor stator winding 32, motor mover 33, motor mover support mechanism 34, rail beam 10, the suspension track base (comprising a suspension track right base 11-2 and a suspension track left base), a suspension track lower support frame (comprising a suspension track right lower support frame 12-2 and a suspension track left lower support frame), a suspension track support column (comprising a suspension track right support column 13-2 and a suspension track left support column), a lower conductor plate back plate (comprising a left lower conductor plate back plate 14-1 and a right lower conductor plate back plate 14-2), an upper conductor plate back plate (comprising a left upper conductor plate back plate 15-1 and a right upper conductor plate back plate 15-2), and a suspension track upper support frame (comprising a suspension track right upper support frame 16-2 and a suspension track left upper support frame).
Fig. 2 is a top view of the relative positions of the permanent magnet array and the upper sled and the side sled of the present invention. The permanent magnet arrays are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame unit 40, and comprise four groups of front left permanent magnet array 43-1, front right permanent magnet array 43-2, rear left permanent magnet array 43-3 and rear right permanent magnet array 43-4, wherein an upper skid and a sideslip skid are fixed on a suspension guide support frame and also respectively comprise four groups.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the relative positions of the permanent magnet array and the upper, lower and side skids of the present invention. The upper skid and the lower skid are symmetrically arranged above and below the suspension guide support frame between the permanent magnet arrays, and the sideslip skid is arranged on the side surface of the suspension guide support frame. The upper skid, the lower skid and the side skids are made of non-magnetic wear-resistant metal plates, such as high-strength stainless steel, and can also be made of high-strength non-metal materials, such as polyurethane rubber bearings.
Fig. 4 is an example of a permanent magnet array according to the present invention, which is composed of a plurality of permanent magnet blocks arranged with N poles and S poles spaced apart, and magnetized in a radial direction perpendicular to the surface of the permanent magnet array.
Fig. 5 is an example two of a permanent magnet array of the present invention, a two-layer permanent magnet array magnetized in the Halbach manner.
When the linear motor rotor 33 and the linear driving motor stator 32 interact to propel the vehicle 100 to move, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet array moves relative to the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track or the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track, eddy currents are generated in the lower conductor plate, a vertical permanent magnet array upward repulsive force Fn1 is generated between the eddy current field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array, and the Fn1 can be decomposed into a normal force Fv1 vertically upward from the horizontal direction and a tangential force Fh1 horizontally leftward; eddy currents are generated in the upper conductor plate, a vertical permanent magnet array downward repulsive force Fn2 is generated between the eddy current field and the permanent magnet array magnetic field, and Fn2 can be decomposed into a vertical downward normal force Fv2 and a horizontal right tangential force Fh2.
The inclination angle of the magnetic levitation track is a, and the magnetic levitation track is divided into an upward inclination scheme and a downward inclination scheme.
Wherein fv=fncos (a), fh=fnsin (a), the normal force is represented by a levitation force to the frame unit, and the tangential force is represented by a transverse force to the frame unit.
The repulsive force Fn is inversely proportional to the distance between the permanent magnet array and the conductor plate under the magnetic levitation track or the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track, and the smaller the distance is, the larger the repulsive force Fn is, and the larger the distance is, the smaller the repulsive force Fn is.
Fig. 6 shows an example in which the angle of the levitation track is inclined upward.
When the levitation force Fv1 of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track to the permanent magnet array is overcome the gravity of the vehicle, the downward aerodynamic force and the resultant force of the lower levitation force Fv2 of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track to the permanent magnet array, the vehicle reaches a balance position, and the vehicle is in levitation operation;
when the vehicle deviates upwards from the balance position under the influence of external force, the upward suspension force Fv1 of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail to the permanent magnet array is reduced, the downward suspension force Fv2 of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail to the permanent magnet array is increased, and the vehicle is driven to return to the balance position downwards;
when the vehicle deviates downwards from the balance position under the influence of external force, the upward suspension force Fv1 of the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail to the permanent magnet array is increased, the downward suspension force Fv2 of the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail to the permanent magnet array is reduced, and the vehicle is driven to return upwards to the balance position;
the permanent magnet arrays are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the carriage unit 40. The left front permanent magnet array 43-1 receives the transverse force Fh2 of the upper conductor plate 24-1 on the left side of the magnetic levitation track to the right and receives the transverse force Fh1 of the lower conductor plate 20-1 on the left side of the magnetic levitation track to the left; the right front permanent magnet array 43-2 receives a lateral force Fh2 'to the left of the upper conductor plate 24-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track and receives a lateral force Fh1' to the right of the lower conductor plate 20-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track.
When the vehicle is not shifted left and right, the right transverse force Fh2 of the left upper conductor plate 24-1 of the left front permanent magnet array 43-1 magnetically levitated track is equal to the left transverse force Fh2 'of the right upper conductor plate 24-2 of the right permanent magnet array 43-2 magnetically levitated track, the left transverse force Fh1 of the left lower conductor plate 20-1 of the left front permanent magnet array 43-1 magnetically levitated track is equal to the right transverse force Fh1' of the right lower conductor plate 20-2 of the right front permanent magnet array 43-2 magnetically levitated track, and the frame unit 40 and the vehicle 100 maintain the balanced position in the lateral direction.
When the vehicle is influenced by external force to shift left and right, the distance between the permanent magnet array and the conductor plate under the magnetic levitation track or the conductor plate on the magnetic levitation track is changed, and the transverse force is correspondingly changed.
When the vehicle deviates leftwards from the balance position under the influence of external force, the distance between the left front permanent magnet array 43-1 and the left lower conductor plate 20-1 of the magnetic levitation track is increased, and the distance between the left front permanent magnet array and the left upper conductor plate 24-1 of the magnetic levitation track is reduced, so that the left transverse force Fh1 is reduced, and the right transverse force Fh2 is increased; the distance between the right front permanent magnet array 43-2 and the lower conductor plate 20-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track decreases and the distance between the right front permanent magnet array and the upper conductor plate 24-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track increases, resulting in a decrease in the left lateral force Fh2 'and an increase in the right lateral force Fh 1'. Thus, the sum of the right lateral forces is greater than the sum of the left lateral forces, forcing the vehicle to return to the right to the neutral equilibrium position.
When the vehicle deviates rightward from the balance position under the influence of external force, the distance between the left front permanent magnet array 43-1 and the lower conductor plate 20-1 on the left side of the magnetic levitation track is reduced, and the distance between the left front permanent magnet array and the upper conductor plate 24-1 on the left side of the magnetic levitation track is increased, so that the leftward transverse force Fh1 is increased, and the rightward transverse force Fh2 is reduced; the distance between the right front permanent magnet array 43-2 and the lower conductor plate 20-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track increases and the distance between the right front permanent magnet array and the upper conductor plate 24-2 on the right side of the magnetic levitation track decreases, resulting in an increase in the left lateral force Fh2 'and a decrease in the right lateral force Fh 1'. Thus, the sum of the left lateral forces is greater than the sum of the right lateral forces, forcing the vehicle to return to the neutral equilibrium position to the left.
Fig. 7 illustrates a force analysis diagram of the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet array when the inclination angle of the suspension track and the suspension magnet array is downward, and the working principle of the suspension system is the same as that when the inclination angle is upward, so that the description is omitted.
The whole suspension guiding process does not need active control, and the magnetic levitation vehicle body has stronger self-stability. The mechanism integrating the low-speed mechanical support and the high-speed suspension guide has compact and simple structure and can be applied to the contactless operation of a vehicle and a track of a high-speed electromagnetic driving system.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism is characterized by comprising a carriage, a frame unit, a lower conductor plate of a magnetic suspension track, an upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track, a lower slide rail, an upper slide rail, a side slide rail, a structural connecting piece, a connecting piece fixing seat, a permanent magnet array, a suspension guide support frame, an upper slide sled, a lower slide sled, a side slide sled and a linear driving motor component;
the carriage is arranged above the frame unit, and the linear driving motor assembly is arranged below the frame unit; the two sides of the frame unit are respectively and fixedly provided with a connecting piece fixing seat, the connecting piece fixing seat is connected with the suspension guide support frame through a structural connecting piece, and a permanent magnet array is arranged in the suspension guide support frame;
the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track are obliquely arranged and are parallel to each other; the upper sliding rail is positioned outside the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and is connected with the upper conductor plate, the lower sliding rail is positioned outside the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and is connected with the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail, the side sliding rail is positioned outside the lower sliding rail and is connected with the upper sliding rail, the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail, the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail, the lower sliding rail, the upper sliding rail and the side sliding rail are combined to form an inclined groove-type structural rail, the inclination angle is a, the permanent magnet array is placed in the groove-type structural rail and is arranged between the inclined lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail in parallel, the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation rail are all non-magnetic conductive metal plates, and the lower sliding rail, the upper sliding rail and the side sliding rail are all made of non-magnetic conductive wear-resistant metal plates;
the upper skid, the lower skid and the side skid are fixed on the suspension guide support frame, and are matched with the lower sliding rail and the upper sliding rail to restrain the vertical movement of the vehicle, and are matched with the side sliding rail to restrain the transverse movement of the vehicle;
when the vehicle is stationary or the running speed is low, the lower skid falls on the lower slide rail to be contacted with the lower slide rail, so as to support the vehicle; when the vehicle runs at a high speed, the permanent magnet array interacts with the lower conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic levitation track, so that the vehicle is in a levitation state; when the vehicle is misplaced left and right, the inclined groove-type structural track enables the suspension force component to have self-guiding capability.
2. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet array consists of a plurality of permanent magnet blocks which are arranged at intervals of N poles and S poles, and is magnetized in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the permanent magnet array; or two layers of permanent magnet arrays magnetized in a Halbach mode.
3. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet arrays are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the frame unit, and the number of the permanent magnet arrays arranged on each side is the same.
4. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guiding integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the upper skid, the lower skid and the side skids are made of non-magnetic conductive wear-resistant metal plates.
5. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the linear driving motor assembly comprises a motor stator, a motor stator winding, a motor rotor and a motor rotor supporting mechanism, and a motor rotor base, a motor rotor, a stator winding and a stator winding base are sequentially arranged below the frame unit; alternating current is supplied to the stator winding to drive the motor rotor to move, so that the vehicle is driven to move.
6. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guiding integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein when the permanent magnet array moves relatively to the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail and the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension rail, eddy current is generated in the lower conductor plate, repulsive force Fn1 vertical to the permanent magnet array upwards is generated between the eddy current field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array, fn1 can be decomposed into normal force Fv1 vertical to the horizontal direction and tangential force Fh1 vertical to the horizontal direction, meanwhile, eddy current is also generated in the upper conductor plate, repulsive force Fn2 vertical to the permanent magnet array downwards is generated between the eddy current field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array, and Fn2 can be decomposed into normal force Fv2 vertical to the horizontal direction and tangential force Fh2 vertical to the horizontal direction;
wherein fv=fncos (a), fh=fnsin (a), the normal force is represented by a levitation force to the vehicle, and the tangential force is represented by a transverse force to the vehicle; (Fv 1-Fv 2) form a levitation force to the vehicle and (Fh 1-Fh 2) form a guiding force.
7. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a damping spring is arranged between the carriage and a frame unit, and the linear driving motor assembly is arranged below the frame unit;
the integrated mechanism further comprises a track beam, a suspension track base, a suspension track lower support frame, a suspension track support column, a lower conductor plate back plate, an upper conductor plate back plate and a suspension track upper support frame; the suspension track base is arranged below the stator winding base, suspension track bases are respectively arranged on two sides above the suspension track base, suspension track supporting columns are fixedly arranged above the suspension track bases, and a suspension track lower supporting frame and a suspension track upper supporting frame are fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the suspension track supporting columns; the lower conductor plate backboard is arranged above the lower support frame of the suspension track, and below the lower conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track; the upper conductor plate backboard is arranged below the upper support frame of the suspension track, and above the upper conductor plate of the magnetic suspension track.
8. The single permanent magnet array sandwich type permanent magnet electric suspension guiding integrated mechanism according to claim 1, wherein,
the upper skid and the lower skid are respectively and symmetrically arranged above and below the suspension guide support frame between the permanent magnet arrays, and the sideslip skid is arranged on the side surface of the suspension guide support frame.
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| CN114083992B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-01-23 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Permanent magnet electric suspension guide integrated mechanism with double permanent magnet arrays |
| CN115140103B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-03-22 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Normally-conductive high-speed magnetic levitation vehicle and track system |
| CN115284888A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-04 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Superconductive magnetic levitation vehicle |
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