CN113942126B

CN113942126B - Processing device

Info

Publication number: CN113942126B
Application number: CN202111218063.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李新宇
Original assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-20
Filing date: 2021-10-20
Publication date: 2024-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-20
Also published as: CN113942126A

Abstract

The invention provides a processing device which is used for processing a workpiece of a sphere-shaped body. The processing device comprises: a mounting plate; a cutter assembly disposed on the mounting plate; the transmission assembly is arranged between the mounting plate and the cutter assembly, and is connected with the cutter assembly and drives the cutter assembly to linearly move relative to the mounting plate so as to change the cutting thickness of the cutter assembly on a workpiece. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the problem of inconvenient processing of the ceramic sphere body-missing workpiece with variable thickness in the related technology can be solved.

Description

Processing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical prosthesis processing, in particular to a processing device

Background

Human skeleton is the main bearing structure of human body and is important to human body. The acetabulum part is the core joint area of the physiological movement of the lower limb of the human body. Defects or injuries of bones of the acetabular part can have serious influence on normal life of people. Currently, a common way to treat the hip joint problems caused by osteoarthritis or degenerative osteoarthritis is to perform hip replacement surgery. The hip joint replacement operation adopts an acetabular prosthesis made of metal or ceramic material to fill a damaged acetabular fossa so as to form an artificial joint interface with good friction performance.

As medical and manufacturing levels advance, the materials used to make acetabular prostheses are also continually increasing. There is a gradual transition from metallic materials to ceramic materials. The ceramic used for the lining and the femoral head mainly comprises alumina and zirconia in different proportions and also contains a small amount of nickel and other components. The development of bioceramics has undergone a long-term process: 1. the second-generation ceramic is off-white and is not used at present; the third generation ceramic is yellow (commonly called as "yellow ceramic") and gradually exits the market; the fourth-generation ceramic is pink (commonly called as "powder ceramic") and is the main stream of the current market, and the service history of the fourth-generation ceramic is over 15 years. Ceramic materials are preferred materials for the joint surfaces because of their excellent anti-friction properties.

Problems remain in using ceramics as artificial acetabular prostheses. Although the toughness of the current ceramic materials is greatly improved compared with the prior ceramic products, the toughness of the current ceramic materials is still far from that of the current metal materials. There are many adverse events in clinic that ceramic liners or bulbs fracture.

In the related art, in order to prevent the ceramic acetabular cup from breaking due to stress concentration, the ceramic acetabular cup needs to be processed into a variable-thickness structure, but the ceramic acetabular cup with variable thickness is difficult to process due to the brittle nature of the ceramic, and the molding rate is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a processing device which solves the problem that a ceramic ball with a variable thickness is not easy to process in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a machining apparatus for machining a workpiece of a segment body, the machining apparatus comprising: a mounting plate; a cutter assembly disposed on the mounting plate; the transmission assembly is arranged between the mounting plate and the cutter assembly, and is connected with the cutter assembly and drives the cutter assembly to linearly move relative to the mounting plate so as to change the cutting thickness of the cutter assembly on a workpiece.

Further, the cutter component comprises an arc cutter and a rotating shaft connected with the arc cutter, a mounting groove is formed in the mounting plate, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the arc cutter, the other end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the mounting groove, and the transmission component drives the rotating shaft to move in the mounting groove.

Further, the mounting groove is rectangular, and the transmission assembly drives the cutter assembly to do linear motion along the length direction of the mounting groove.

Further, the transmission assembly comprises a belt structure, the belt structure is connected with the power device, and the belt structure drives the rotating shaft to do linear motion in the mounting groove.

Further, the transmission assembly further comprises: the roller structure is arranged in the mounting groove, and the belt structure is arranged around the periphery of the roller structure and the rotating shaft; the belt structure drives the rotating shaft and the roller structure to synchronously do linear motion in the mounting groove.

Further, the transmission assembly further comprises a bearing structure, the bearing structure is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft and located in the mounting groove, the roller structure is circumscribed with the bearing structure and forms a tangent point, and the belt structure is arranged on the periphery of the bearing structure and the periphery of the roller structure in a surrounding mode and passes through the tangent point.

Further, the processing device further comprises a clamping assembly arranged on the mounting plate, the workpiece is clamped on the clamping assembly, and the outer surface of the arc-shaped cutter is correspondingly arranged with the surface to be processed of the workpiece.

Further, the clamping assembly comprises a plurality of clamping jaws which are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting plate, a step structure is arranged on each clamping jaw, and the step structure supports a workpiece.

Further, a plurality of cutting edge grooves are formed in the arc-shaped cutter, and the plurality of cutting edge grooves are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped cutter.

The processing device adopting the technical scheme of the invention is mainly used for cutting and processing the acetabular cup, the cutter component adopts a spherical rotary processing cutter, the cutter component is arranged on the mounting plate through the transmission component, and the transmission component can drive the cutter component to move along the direction parallel to the mounting plate.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a first perspective schematic view of an embodiment of a machining device according to the invention when cutting a workpiece (wherein the workpiece is shown);

FIG. 2 shows a second perspective schematic view of an embodiment of the processing device of FIG. 1 when cutting a workpiece;

FIG. 3 shows a third perspective schematic view of an embodiment of the machining apparatus of FIG. 1 in cutting a workpiece;

FIG. 4 shows a fourth perspective schematic view of an embodiment of the machining apparatus of FIG. 1 (wherein the workpiece is shown) while cutting the workpiece;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a workpiece being processed by the processing apparatus of FIG. 1; and

fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the workpiece of fig. 5.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

1. a workpiece; 10. a mounting plate; 11. a mounting groove; 20. a cutter assembly; 21. an arc cutter; 211. a cutting edge groove; 22. a rotating shaft; 30. a transmission assembly; 31. a bearing structure; 32. a roller structure; 33. a belt structure; 40. clamping the assembly; 41. clamping jaw.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a machining apparatus for machining a workpiece 1 of a segment, an embodiment of the machining apparatus including a mounting plate 10, a cutter assembly 20, and a transmission assembly 30; the cutter assembly 20 is disposed on the mounting plate 10; the transmission assembly 30 is disposed between the mounting plate 10 and the cutter assembly 20, and the transmission assembly 30 is connected with the cutter assembly 20 and drives the cutter assembly 20 to linearly move relative to the mounting plate 10 so as to change the cutting thickness of the cutter assembly 20 on the workpiece 1.

The embodiment of the processing device is mainly used for digging holes of an acetabular cup, a workpiece 1 is the acetabular cup, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a cutter component adopts an arc-shaped rotary processing cutter, the cutter component is arranged on a mounting plate through a transmission component, and the transmission component can drive the cutter component to move along the direction parallel to the mounting plate, because the workpiece 1 is a segment body, when the rotary processing cutter is placed to eccentrically cut the bottom surface of the segment body, the workpiece 1 is inevitably formed into the segment body with uneven thickness, and then when the acetabular cup is implanted manually, the acetabular cup is installed according to the motion characteristics of a human body and the size of a space, so that a thicker part of the acetabular cup bears larger force, and a thinner part bears relatively smaller force.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the cutter assembly 20 includes an arc cutter 21 and a rotating shaft 22 connected to the arc cutter 21, a mounting groove 11 is provided on the mounting plate 10, one end of the rotating shaft 22 is connected to the arc cutter 21, the other end of the rotating shaft 22 is disposed in the mounting groove 11 in a penetrating manner, and the transmission assembly 30 drives the rotating shaft 22 to move in the mounting groove 11. The mounting groove 11 is rectangular, and the transmission assembly 30 drives the cutter assembly 20 to linearly move along the length direction of the mounting groove 11.

The mounting groove is a strip-shaped groove, one end of the rotating shaft is inserted into the strip-shaped groove, the transmission assembly is connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to integrally move along the length direction of the strip-shaped groove.

In addition, a scale mark is arranged on one side of the strip-shaped groove and used for indicating the moving distance of the rotating shaft along the strip-shaped groove, the moving distance of the cutter assembly can be known through the distance, and the eccentric distance of the groove machined by the cutter assembly can also be known.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the transmission assembly 30 includes a belt structure 33, where the belt structure 33 is connected to the power device, and the belt structure 33 drives the rotating shaft 22 to make a linear motion in the mounting groove 11. The transmission assembly 30 further includes: a roller structure 32 disposed in the installation groove 11, and a belt structure 33 surrounding the roller structure 32 and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22; the belt structure 33 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the roller structure 32 to synchronously move in a straight line in the installation groove.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the rotating shaft 22 moves linearly along the mounting groove 11, the transmission assembly 30 adopts a belt structure 33, the power device adopts a driving motor, the driving motor drives the belt to rotate, the roller structure and the rotating shaft are inserted in the mounting groove, the belt is respectively wound on the roller structure and the belt structure, the roller structure and the rotating shaft move together along the mounting groove under the driving of the driving motor, the diameters of the roller structure and the rotating shaft structure are added to be larger than the width of the strip-shaped hole, and the roller structure and the rotating shaft are mutually abutted through the belt when moving together.

In alternative embodiments not shown in the drawings, the transmission assembly herein may also employ a transmission chain to effect transmission.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the transmission assembly 30 further includes a bearing structure 31, the bearing structure 31 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 22 and is located in the mounting groove 11, the roller structure 32 circumscribes the bearing structure 31 and forms a tangential point, and the belt structure 33 is disposed around the outer peripheries of the bearing structure 31 and the roller structure 32 and passes through the tangential point.

In order to avoid the rotation of the rotating shaft driven by the belt in the moving process, a bearing is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft is connected with the belt through the bearing, and the rotating shaft is also abutted with the roller structure through the bearing.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the processing apparatus further includes a clamping assembly 40 provided on the mounting plate 10, the workpiece 1 is clamped on the clamping assembly 40, and the outer surface of the arc-shaped tool 21 is provided corresponding to the surface to be processed of the workpiece 1. The clamping assembly 40 includes a plurality of clamping jaws 41, the plurality of clamping jaws 41 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting plate 10, and a step structure is arranged on the clamping jaws 41 and supports the workpiece 1.

The clamping assembly in this embodiment adopts four clamping jaws, and the mounting panel is square, and four clamping jaws set up respectively on four angles of square, still are equipped with the card on the clamping jaw and establish the portion, and card establishes the portion and be used for with acetabular cup butt to fix the acetabular cup in four clamping jaw middles, card establishes the portion and adopts the form of recess, avoids acetabular cup removal after establishing acetabular cup card in the recess.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, a plurality of cutting edge grooves 211 are provided on the arc cutter 21, and the plurality of cutting edge grooves 211 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the arc cutter 21.

The arc-shaped cutter cuts the bottom surface of the workpiece 1 by rotating to form an arc-shaped groove, and a circle of cutting edge groove is arranged along the outer surface of the arc-shaped cutter, so that the arc-shaped cutter cuts the workpiece 1 when rotating.

On the traditional metal acetabular cup, due to the fact that the metal material is good in ductility and toughness and good in material elasticity, the acetabular cup has high recovery capacity after certain deformation, and the acetabular cup with the same thickness is mostly designed. However, with the increasing progress of material science, ceramic materials are increasingly used in joint replacement in the human body. While ceramic materials, although having good wear resistance and biocompatibility, have a relatively high brittleness and a relatively low resistance to deformation, still result in their inability to be used over a wide range of prostheses. Ceramic parts have been used previously as inner liner parts in combination with metal acetabular cups, and metal materials have been used on the exterior of the ceramic parts to reduce the risk of fracture failure due to brittle deformation.

The equal-stress acetabular cup is machined by the machining device, the whole acetabular cup is made of ceramic materials, and the ceramic materials are low in hardness and easy to machine before being sintered. Therefore, when the inner spherical joint surface is machined, the center of the machining tool is translated upwards and downwards, so that the thickness of the machined acetabular cup is changed in the whole.

Under the action of macroscopic external force, the inner spherical surface of the acetabular cup receives a force which is gradually reduced from top to bottom. Due to the gradually changing thickness of the acetabular cup, the overall acetabular cup force may still tend to be uniform under such non-uniform forces. Under the conditions of no obvious stress concentration and local stress overhigh, a comparatively ideal stress state is achieved.

The equal-stress acetabular cup processed by the processing device of the embodiment directly realizes two functions of acetabular bone integration and hip joint surface, and greatly reduces the complexity of prosthesis structure and operation. The reduced number of prosthetic components reduces the thickness of the prosthesis, and substantially reduces the amount of bone removed, which can provide a good basis for subsequent recovery of the patient.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

the invention provides a processing device of an equal-stress acetabular cup, wherein a clamping assembly is an acetabular cup clamping claw, and the clamping assembly and a clamping plate form a main body structure together, so that the acetabular cup can be fixed along an outer spherical surface. The cutter component adopts a spherical rotary processing cutter to be connected with a rotating shaft passing through the center of the sphere. The processing knife is provided with a cutting edge groove, and the inner sphere can be processed in a rotary cutting mode. The rotating shaft passes through the bearing, and forms a linear rolling shaft structure which can convert the rotation of the bearing into linear displacement together with the roller structure and the limiting transmission chain. The length of the transmission chain is fixed due to the limit function of the transmission chain. Under the effect of a rolling pair formed by the roller structure and the bearing, the bearing can translate up and down along the slotting direction, so that eccentric processing of the inner spherical surface of the acetabulum is realized. The center position and the offset scale marks can be marked on the grooving edge, so that the quantitative control of eccentricity can be realized.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining device for machining a workpiece (1) of a segment, characterized in that the machining device comprises:

a mounting plate (10);

a cutter assembly (20) disposed on the mounting plate (10);

the transmission assembly (30) is arranged between the mounting plate (10) and the cutter assembly (20), and the transmission assembly (30) is connected with the cutter assembly (20) and drives the cutter assembly (20) to move linearly relative to the mounting plate (10) so as to change the cutting thickness of the cutter assembly (20) on the workpiece (1);

the cutter assembly (20) comprises an arc cutter (21) and a rotating shaft (22) connected with the arc cutter (21), a mounting groove (11) is formed in the mounting plate (10), one end of the rotating shaft (22) is connected with the arc cutter (21), the other end of the rotating shaft (22) is arranged in the mounting groove (11) in a penetrating mode, and the transmission assembly (30) drives the rotating shaft (22) to move in the mounting groove (11);

the mounting groove (11) is rectangular, and the transmission assembly (30) drives the cutter assembly (20) to do linear motion along the length direction of the mounting groove (11).

2. Machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission assembly (30) comprises a belt structure (33), the belt structure (33) being connected to a power unit, the belt structure (33) driving the spindle (22) to move in a straight line in the mounting groove (11).

3. The processing device according to claim 2, wherein the transmission assembly (30) further comprises:

a roller structure (32) arranged in the mounting groove (11), wherein the belt structure (33) is arranged around the periphery of the roller structure (32) and the rotating shaft (22);

the belt structure (33) drives the rotating shaft (22) and the roller structure (32) to synchronously perform linear motion in the mounting groove.

4. A processing device according to claim 3, wherein the transmission assembly (30) further comprises a bearing structure (31), the bearing structure (31) is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft (22) and is located in the mounting groove (11), the roller structure (32) is circumscribed with the bearing structure (31) and forms a tangent point, and the belt structure (33) is surrounded on the peripheries of the bearing structure (31) and the roller structure (32) and passes through the tangent point.

5. The machining device according to claim 1, further comprising a clamping assembly (40) provided on the mounting plate (10), the workpiece (1) being clamped on the clamping assembly (40), an outer surface of the arc-shaped tool (21) being provided in correspondence with a surface to be machined of the workpiece (1).

6. Machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping assembly (40) comprises a plurality of clamping jaws (41), the clamping jaws (41) being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting plate (10), the clamping jaws (41) being provided with a step structure, which supports the workpiece (1).

7. The machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc-shaped tool (21) is provided with a plurality of cutting edge grooves (211), and the plurality of cutting edge grooves (211) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped tool (21).