CN113938805A - Method and device for quantizing bass tone quality - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for quantizing bass tone quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio; acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position; respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range. The invention can obtain the sound field characteristics under different bass loudspeaker position configurations in a small space through simulation, and quantize the sound quality sense of the sound field in the small space by using objective parameters, thereby providing suggestions and guidance for selecting the bass loudspeaker position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a method and a device for quantizing bass tone quality.
Background
With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the comfort requirement of customers on automobiles is also improved. Among them, the sound quality of sound in automobiles becomes an important factor of product competitiveness, and research and application of sound quality becomes a research hotspot of automobile acoustic systems. The sound effect of the whole vehicle is the final expression form of the sound, and is most directly concerned by consumers, and the quality of the sound effect becomes one of important indexes for positioning the quality of the vehicle type. Therefore, how to evaluate the sound quality of the in-vehicle sound rapidly and objectively becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
However, the sound field environment in the automobile belongs to a small space, has the characteristics of high reflection surface, complex geometric shape, suboptimal arranged loudspeakers, asymmetric acoustic paths and the like, and has great difficulty in improving and optimizing the tone quality, especially the improvement of the low-sound quality of the sound equipment lacks of a general optimization rule. Therefore, a set of quantification method suitable for the bass tone quality of the sound field in the small space is established, and the method has important research significance and economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for quantizing bass tone quality, which are used for solving the technical problems, and can acquire sound field characteristics under different bass loudspeaker position configurations in a small space through simulation, and quantize the tone quality sense of the sound field in the small space by using objective parameters, thereby providing suggestions and guidance for selection of the bass loudspeaker position.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quantizing bass sound quality, including:
respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio;
acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position;
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
Further, the method for quantizing the bass tone quality further includes:
and generating and outputting a bass quality quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding low-frequency ratio.
Further, the method for quantizing the bass tone quality further includes:
and selecting the candidate position corresponding to the maximum low-frequency ratio in the bass quality quantization table as the optimal candidate position and outputting the optimal candidate position.
Further, the method for quantizing the bass tone quality further includes:
and obtaining the total sound pressure level corresponding to each woofer group under the unit excitation condition according to the audio data.
Further, the method for quantizing the bass tone quality further includes:
and generating and outputting a sound pressure level distribution quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding total sound pressure level.
Further, the preset evaluation position comprises a main driving position and a secondary driving position rear-row position.
Further, the calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve respectively includes:
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve through a preset formula; the preset formula is as follows:
wherein LFR represents the low frequency ratio; y isband_nRepresents the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band; f. ofM1Representing the upper limit frequency of the preset low-frequency part energy; f. ofM2Represents the upper limit frequency of the preset middle and low frequency band range.
Further, fM1Taking 100 Hz; f. ofM2Taken to be 1000 Hz.
In order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention also provides a quantization apparatus of bass tone quality, comprising:
the audio playing module is used for respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio;
the first calculation module is used for acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve respectively; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for quantizing bass tone quality, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio; acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position; respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range. The invention can obtain the sound field characteristics under different bass loudspeaker position configurations in a small space through simulation, and quantize the sound quality sense of the sound field in the small space by using objective parameters, thereby providing suggestions and guidance for selecting the bass loudspeaker position.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for quantizing bass tone quality according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an in-vehicle woofer placement position provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an in-vehicle woofer placement position provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a quantization apparatus for bass quality according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quantizing bass sound quality, including the steps of:
s1, respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker sets arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio;
and S2, obtaining a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under the unit excitation condition according to the audio data collected from the preset evaluation position. In the embodiment of the invention, the preset evaluation position comprises a main driving position and a secondary driving position rear-row position.
S3, respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
In the embodiment of the present invention, further, step S3 specifically includes:
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve through a preset formula; the preset formula is as follows:
wherein LFR represents the low frequency ratio; y isband_nRepresents the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band; f. ofM1Representing the upper limit frequency of the preset low-frequency part energy; f. ofM2Represents the upper limit frequency of the preset middle and low frequency band range. In an embodiment of the present invention, further, fM1Taking 100 Hz; f. ofM2Taken to be 1000 Hz.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for quantizing bass sound quality further includes the steps of:
and S31, generating and outputting a bass quality quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding low-frequency ratio.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for quantizing bass sound quality further includes the steps of:
and S32, selecting the candidate position corresponding to the maximum low frequency ratio in the bass quality quantization table as the optimal candidate position and outputting the optimal candidate position.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for quantizing bass sound quality further includes the steps of:
and S4, obtaining the total sound pressure level corresponding to each bass loudspeaker set under the unit excitation condition according to the audio data.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for quantizing bass sound quality further includes the steps of:
and S41, generating and outputting a sound pressure level distribution quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding total sound pressure level.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the association between the woofer position and the bass perception in the small space in the vehicle is established by a method of objectively quantizing the objective parameters of the woofer position and the bass perception in the small space.
The in-vehicle sound system is different from a common environment, the number of reflectors in the vehicle is large, the peak-valley value of the frequency response is large, and the parameter frequency range for describing the in-vehicle low-pitched sound texture selected by the embodiment of the invention is a low-frequency band range (20Hz-1000Hz) in the frequency response curve of the whole vehicle.
Objective parameters of bass tone quality of a small-space sound field are obtained by performing secondary calculation on the frequency response of the whole vehicle: the low frequency ratio LFR, which is defined and calculated as follows:
low Frequency Ratio (LFR), defined as follows:
wherein LFR represents low frequencyA ratio; y isband_nRepresents the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band; f. ofM1Representing the upper limit frequency of the preset low-frequency part energy; f. ofM2Represents the upper limit frequency of the preset middle and low frequency band range. In consideration of the frequency range of use of the calculation model, the calculation frequency range of the denominator part is set to be 20Hz to 1kHz, and the calculation frequency range of the numerator part is set to be 20Hz to 100Hz in the present invention.
The LFR represents the proportion of the amplitude of the low-frequency part in the frequency band used by the low-frequency calculation model. As can be known from the formula (1), the LFR represents the energy ratio of the low-frequency energy component (20Hz-100 Hz) in the range of the medium-low frequency band (20Hz-1000Hz), and theoretically, the LFR is in a direct proportion relation with the subjective evaluation strength.
The bass tone quality of the small-space sound field is optimized by calculating the frequency response of the evaluation position of the small space in the vehicle under the excitation of the woofers at different positions of the small space in the vehicle through simulation, calculating the low-frequency ratio LFR objective parameter through secondary calculation, and comprehensively comparing to obtain the optimized candidate position of the woofer.
Based on the above scheme, in order to better understand the method for quantizing the bass sound quality provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the following detailed description is made:
the speaker groups of the present embodiment are configured into 5 groups, the positional distribution of which is shown in fig. 2 to 3. Because the small space sound cavity in the vehicle has symmetry, the woofers are symmetrically arranged, and the typical position in the figure only marks the woofer position on one side. As shown in fig. 2 to 3, reference numerals "1", "2", "3", "4", and "5" respectively denote candidate positions of two speakers at the same positions on the left and right sides of a model of a dummy vehicle body, wherein the distance between each group of woofers may be 50 cm. Wherein the main driving position is close to the left side of the loudspeaker group 2, and the back row of the auxiliary driving position is close to the right side of the loudspeaker group 4.
In the embodiment, an automobile geometric model of a simulation automobile of a certain model is established, and the low-frequency response curve of different loudspeaker sets at a certain fixed position in a small space under the unit excitation condition is calculated through numerical simulation.
1) Respectively simulating frequency response curves of bass loudspeaker sets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 at the main driving position and the rear row position of a copilot in a small space driver in the vehicle under the excitation condition of a calculation unit by numerical simulation;
2) secondarily calculating LFRs of different loudspeaker groups at the evaluation positions according to a parameter definition formula;
3) the total sound pressure levels of the bass loudspeaker sets of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 at the main driving position and the rear row position of the assistant driving position of the driver in the small space in the vehicle under the unit excitation condition of numerical simulation respectively.
Exemplary calculations are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 Objective parameters of bass tone quality
| Main driving position LFR | Copilot rear-row LFR | |
| Loudspeaker set 1 " | 0.67 | 0.71 |
| Loudspeaker set 2 " | 0.69 | 0.67 |
| Loudspeaker set 3 " | 0.60 | 0.45 |
| Loudspeaker set 4 " | 0.48 | 0.36 |
| Loudspeaker set 5 " | 0.38 | 0.50 |
TABLE 2 Total Sound pressure level of the rear row at the primary and secondary drive positions of different speaker groups at unit excitation input
It should be noted that, compared with the low frequency ratio LFR, which is an objective parameter of bass quality, different speaker sets have obvious differences. As can be seen from table 1, under the unit excitation condition, the speaker groups "1" and "2" have better score of low-frequency sound quality in the vehicle, the speaker group "3" has a centered score, and the speaker groups "4" and "5" have weaker contribution of low-frequency sound quality.
Meanwhile, as can be seen from the sound pressure level distribution of the main driving position in table 2, since the speaker groups "5", "1" and "2" are closer to the corners of the rectangular space in the vehicle, more in-vehicle modes are easier to be excited, and the total sound pressure level is slightly higher than the speaker groups "3" and "4"; meanwhile, the loudspeaker sets 1, 2 and 3 excite low-frequency energy (below 100 Hz) with higher proportion, and the reflected low-frequency occupation ratio is higher than 4 and 5, so that the low-frequency tone quality evaluation parameter LFR is slightly higher, and the subjective feeling of strength is better.
Similarly, it can be seen from the comparison between the sound pressure levels of the rear row of the rider-driving seat and the relative positions thereof that although the speaker groups "3" and "4" are closer to the right listening position in the middle row, the low-frequency sound quality evaluation parameter LFR is relatively low because the bass frequency component ratio is relatively small; although the overall sound pressure level of the speaker group "5" is high, the low-frequency sound field mode generated by the excitation thereof is richer and more average, and the low-frequency sound quality evaluation parameter LFR is not very prominent.
The bass tone quality parameters in the embodiment of the invention show obvious differences at different bass loudspeaker set positions, and the method for quantizing the bass tone quality provided by the invention can be used for predicting the bass tone quality characteristics of different bass loudspeaker positions of a vehicle with the same model, and can provide suggestions and guidance for selecting the bass loudspeaker positions.
By the embodiment of the invention, objective parameters of the position of the woofer and the bass tone quality sense in the small space can be objectively quantized, and the association between the position of the woofer and the tone quality sense is established in the small space in the vehicle, so that the subjective evaluation result of the bass tone quality can be further estimated through objective measurement.
It should be noted that the above method or flow embodiment is described as a series of acts or combinations for simplicity, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the described acts or sequences, as some steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously according to the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are exemplary embodiments and that no single embodiment is necessarily required by the inventive embodiments.
Referring to fig. 4, in order to solve the same technical problem, the present invention further provides a quantization apparatus for bass sound quality, including:
the audio playing module 1 is configured to control a plurality of woofer groups arranged at preset candidate positions to perform audio playing respectively;
the first calculation module 2 is configured to obtain, according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position, a frequency response curve corresponding to each of the woofer groups under a unit excitation condition;
the second calculating module 3 is used for calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve respectively; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
Further, the quantization apparatus of bass tone quality further includes:
and the tone quality quantization module is used for generating and outputting a bass quality quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding low-frequency ratio.
Further, the quantization apparatus of bass tone quality further includes:
and the position optimization module is used for selecting the candidate position corresponding to the maximum low-frequency ratio in the bass quality quantization table as the optimal candidate position and outputting the optimal candidate position.
Further, the quantization apparatus of bass tone quality further includes:
and the third calculation module is used for obtaining the total sound pressure level corresponding to each woofer group under the unit excitation condition according to the audio data.
Further, the quantization apparatus of bass tone quality further includes:
and the sound pressure level quantization module is used for generating and outputting a sound pressure level distribution quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding total sound pressure level.
Further, the preset evaluation position comprises a main driving position and a secondary driving position rear-row position.
Further, the calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve respectively includes:
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve through a preset formula; the preset formula is as follows:
wherein LFR represents the low frequency ratio; y isband_nRepresents the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band; f. ofM1Representing the upper limit frequency of the preset low-frequency part energy; f. ofM2Represents the upper limit frequency of the preset middle and low frequency band range.
Further, fM1Taking 100 Hz; f. ofM2Taken to be 1000 Hz.
It is to be understood that the foregoing apparatus embodiments correspond to the method embodiments of the present invention, and the quantization apparatus of bass sound quality provided by the embodiments of the present invention can implement the method of quantizing bass sound quality provided by any method embodiment of the present invention.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for quantizing bass tone quality, comprising:
respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio;
acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position;
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
2. The method of quantizing bass tone quality according to claim 1, further comprising:
and generating and outputting a bass quality quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding low-frequency ratio.
3. The method of quantizing bass sound quality according to claim 2, further comprising:
and selecting the candidate position corresponding to the maximum low-frequency ratio in the bass quality quantization table as the optimal candidate position and outputting the optimal candidate position.
4. The method of quantizing bass tone quality according to claim 1, further comprising:
and obtaining the total sound pressure level corresponding to each woofer group under the unit excitation condition according to the audio data.
5. The method of quantizing bass tone quality according to claim 4, further comprising:
and generating and outputting a sound pressure level distribution quantization table according to the preset candidate position, the preset evaluation position and the corresponding total sound pressure level.
6. The method of quantizing bass tone quality according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined evaluation positions include a main ride position and a rear-row position of a passenger ride position.
7. The method for quantizing bass sound quality according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the low frequency ratio of each frequency response curve separately comprises:
respectively calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve through a preset formula; the preset formula is as follows:
wherein LFR represents the low frequency ratio; y isband_nRepresents the average amplitude corresponding to the nth octave band; f. ofM1Representing the upper limit frequency of the preset low-frequency part energy; f. ofM2Represents the upper limit frequency of the preset middle and low frequency band range.
8. The method of quantizing bass tone quality according to claim 7, wherein fM1Taking 100 Hz; f. ofM2Taken to be 1000 Hz.
9. An apparatus for quantizing a bass tone quality, comprising:
the audio playing module is used for respectively controlling a plurality of bass loudspeaker groups arranged at preset candidate positions to play audio;
the first calculation module is used for acquiring a frequency response curve corresponding to each woofer group under a unit excitation condition according to audio data acquired from a preset evaluation position;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the low-frequency ratio of each frequency response curve respectively; the low-frequency ratio is the proportion of the energy of a preset low-frequency part in a frequency response curve in a preset medium-low frequency band range.
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