CN113937729B - Residual current protection device and distribution box - Google Patents
Residual current protection device and distribution box Download PDFInfo
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- CN113937729B CN113937729B CN202010609876.1A CN202010609876A CN113937729B CN 113937729 B CN113937729 B CN 113937729B CN 202010609876 A CN202010609876 A CN 202010609876A CN 113937729 B CN113937729 B CN 113937729B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
- H02G3/02—Details
- H02G3/08—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0061—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning transmission of signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
- H02H3/325—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors involving voltage comparison
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a residual current protection device and a distribution box to reduce the influence of an over-energy interference signal and improve the working reliability of the residual current protection device. The residual current protection device comprises a current transformer, a circuit module and a release, wherein the circuit module comprises a rectification circuit, an anti-interference circuit and a residual current judgment circuit, wherein: the rectifying circuit is connected with the secondary side of the current transformer; the anti-interference circuit is connected with the output end of the rectifying circuit and the tripper and is used for receiving a first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit, controlling the tripper to be closed when the voltage value of the first electric signal is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, and outputting the first electric signal to the residual current judging circuit when the voltage value of the first electric signal is less than the first preset threshold value; the residual current judging circuit is connected with the output end of the anti-interference circuit and the tripper and is used for controlling the tripper to be disconnected when the current flowing into the residual current judging circuit meets the preset condition.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic power, in particular to a residual current protection device and a distribution box.
Background
In a power supply and distribution system, in order to ensure power supply safety or power distribution safety, a protection circuit is generally arranged on a power supply path of the system and used for protecting the safety of devices in the system, for example, a Residual Current Device (RCD) is taken as an example, the residual current device can be used for detecting residual current passing through the power supply circuit, when the residual current exceeds a specified value, the system is determined to generate a leakage phenomenon, the power supply path is disconnected, and the purpose of protecting the safety of a load and the system devices is achieved. However, some existing residual current protection devices are easily affected by the over-energy current generated by lightning stroke to cause malfunction, so that the power supply path is disconnected, and the normal operation of the system is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a residual current protection device and distribution box for reduce the influence of excessive interference signal, improve residual current protection device's operational reliability.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a residual current protection device, which may include a current transformer, a circuit module, and a release, wherein a primary side of the current transformer may be connected to a measured line of a power distribution system, and a secondary side of the current transformer may be connected to the circuit module, so as to convert a current to be detected and output the converted current to the circuit module; the circuit module is respectively connected with the secondary side of the current transformer and the tripper and is used for controlling the working state of the tripper according to the signals received from the current transformer. When the circuit module is specifically arranged, the circuit module can comprise a rectifying circuit, an anti-interference circuit and a residual current judging circuit, wherein the rectifying circuit is connected with the secondary side of the current transformer and can be used for conditioning and outputting an electric signal output by the secondary side of the current transformer; the anti-interference circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the rectifying circuit and the tripper, and can be used for receiving a first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit, controlling the tripper to be closed when the voltage value of the first electric signal is greater than or equal to a first preset value, and enabling the first electric signal to be output to the residual current judging circuit when the voltage value of the first electric signal is less than a first preset threshold value; the residual current judging circuit is respectively connected with the output end of the anti-interference circuit and the tripper and can be used for controlling the tripper to be disconnected when the current flowing into the residual current judging circuit meets the preset condition.
When the residual current protection device is adopted to protect a power supply path for a power distribution system, when the system is struck by lightning and an excessive large current appears on a detected line, the voltage value of an electric signal sensed by the secondary side of a current transformer is far larger than the voltage generated during fault, and at the moment, if the voltage value of a first electric signal received by an anti-interference circuit and output by a rectifying circuit is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the anti-interference circuit can act the excessive energy on a release so as to enhance the magnetic field of an internal magnetic circuit of the release and keep the release in a closed state; and under the condition that faults such as electric leakage and the like occur in the system, because the current appearing on the tested circuit is small, the current and the voltage sensed by the secondary side of the current transformer are also relatively small, at the moment, if the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit received by the anti-interference circuit is smaller than a first preset threshold value, the first electric signal can be directly output to the residual current judging circuit, and when the residual current judging circuit determines that the current flowing in meets corresponding conditions, the tripper is controlled to be disconnected, so that the power supply path of the system is cut off, and the purpose of protecting the safety of the load and related electric devices in the system is achieved. Therefore, the residual current protection device provided by the application can realize the purpose of protecting the safety of the power supply and distribution system, can reduce the interference influence of the excess energy, and improves the working reliability of the residual current protection device.
In a specific embodiment, the release can comprise a magnetic yoke, an armature, a permanent magnet and a release coil, wherein one side of the magnetic yoke is provided with an opening, and two free ends of the opening side of the magnetic yoke are respectively a first end and a second end; the armature is arranged on the opening side of the magnetic yoke, and the armature can be hinged to the first end of the magnetic yoke so that the armature can be contacted with or separated from the second end of the magnetic yoke when rotating around the first end of the magnetic yoke; the permanent magnet can be fixedly arranged on the magnetic yoke, and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet can enable the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for adsorbing the armature, so that the armature can keep a contact state with the second end of the magnetic yoke under the condition that the system works normally, and the release is kept closed; the tripping coil is sleeved on the yoke iron of the magnetic yoke, and two ends of the tripping coil are connected with the output end of the residual current judging circuit, so that the tripping coil can be used for enabling the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for repelling the armature when electricity is obtained, enabling the armature to be separated from the second end of the magnetic yoke, and switching the tripper from a closed state to an open state.
When the anti-interference circuit is arranged, the anti-interference circuit specifically comprises a transient suppression diode and an anti-interference coil, wherein the transient suppression diode and the anti-interference coil can be arranged between two output end points of the rectifying circuit in series, the transient suppression diode can be used for conducting when the voltage value of the first electric signal is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value so as to enable the first electric signal to pass through the anti-interference coil, and can be used for enabling the first electric signal to be output to the residual current judging circuit when the voltage value of the first electric signal is less than the first preset threshold value; the anti-interference coil is sleeved on the yoke iron of the magnetic yoke and can be used for enabling the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for adsorbing the armature iron when the anti-interference coil is electrified.
By adopting the circuit structure, when the voltage value of the first electric signal is not less than the first preset threshold value, the transient suppression diode can be conducted, so that the first electric signal passes through the anti-interference coil, and the anti-interference coil generates a magnetic field with the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet after being electrified, thereby enhancing the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit in the release, enabling the armature to be firmly adsorbed at the second end of the magnetic yoke and avoiding the false operation of the release; when the voltage value of the first electric signal is smaller than a first preset threshold value, the voltage value is not enough to conduct the transient suppression diode, at the moment, the first electric signal can be directly output to the residual current judgment circuit, and the residual current judgment circuit determines whether the tripper operates or not. Therefore, the scheme can achieve the purpose of protecting the safety of the power supply and distribution system, reduce the interference influence of the excess energy and improve the working reliability of the residual current protection device.
In one possible embodiment, the immunity coil may be arranged in the circuit module in parallel with the residual current determination circuit. When the circuit is specifically designed, one end of the anti-interference coil is connected with a first output end point of the rectifying circuit and a first input end point of the residual current judging circuit, the other end of the anti-interference coil is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode, and the other end of the transient suppression diode is connected with a second output end point of the rectifying circuit and a second input end point of the residual current judging circuit. In the scheme, the anti-interference coil and the transient suppression diode are positioned on the same branch, and no current passes through the anti-interference coil under the cut-off state of the transient suppression diode, so that the internal magnetic circuit of the tripper is not affected when a system fails, and the working reliability of the residual current protection device can be improved.
In another possible embodiment, the anti-interference coil may also be arranged in the circuit module in series with the residual current determination circuit. During specific design, one end of the anti-interference coil is connected with a first output end point of the rectifying circuit, the other end of the anti-interference coil is connected with one end of the transient suppression diode and a first input end point of the residual current judging circuit, and the other end of the transient suppression diode is respectively connected with a second output end point of the rectifying circuit and a second input end point of the residual current judging circuit. By adopting the design, when the system has a leakage fault, although the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit passes through the anti-interference coil, the current value of the first electric signal is relatively small, so that the magnetic field intensity generated by the anti-interference coil is far smaller than that generated when the tripping coil is electrified, and the action of the tripper is not influenced.
When the anti-interference coil is arranged, the anti-interference coil and the tripping coil can be superposed and wound on the same yoke iron of the magnetic yoke in opposite winding directions, so that the anti-interference coil and the tripping coil can generate magnetic fields in opposite directions when being electrified.
In order to improve the working reliability of the release, in some possible embodiments, the release comprises an elastic member, and when the release is arranged, one end of the elastic member can be connected with the magnetic yoke, the other end of the elastic member is connected with one side of the armature hinged to the first end of the magnetic yoke, and when the armature is contacted with the second end of the magnetic yoke, the elastic member is in a stretched energy storage state; when the trip coil is electrified to separate the armature from the second end of the magnetic yoke, the elastic piece is gradually changed from an energy storage state to an energy release state, so that a certain pulling force can be applied to the armature, the pulling force can increase the torque for enabling the armature to rotate clockwise, and the rotation stroke of the armature is ensured, so that the power supply path can be reliably cut off.
In one possible embodiment, the residual current determination circuit may include a detector and a driving circuit, wherein the detector may be connected to an output terminal of the anti-interference circuit and configured to send a driving signal to the driving circuit when a value of a current flowing into the residual current determination circuit is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value; the driving circuit is respectively connected with the detector and the anti-interference coil and is used for amplifying the power of the driving signal to generate a control signal when receiving the driving signal and sending the control signal to the tripping coil to enable the tripping coil to be electrified so as to control the tripping device to be switched off.
When the detection circuit is specifically arranged, the detector can comprise a detection chip, a first capacitor and a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is a first input end point of the residual current protection circuit, the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and a first input end of the detection chip, and the other end of the first capacitor is a second input end point of the residual current judgment circuit; the second input end of the detection chip is connected with the reference power supply, and the output end of the detection chip is connected with the driving circuit;
the driving circuit may include a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth diode, a second capacitor, and an NPN transistor. The first end of the second resistor is connected with the anode of the fifth diode and the output end of the detection chip, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the second input end of the detection chip and the second end of the third resistor; the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with the first end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor; the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fifth resistor; and an emitting electrode of the NPN type triode is connected with the trip coil, a base electrode of the NPN type triode is connected with the second end of the fifth resistor, and a collecting electrode of the NPN type triode is connected with the second end of the second capacitor.
By adopting the circuit structure, when current flows into the residual current judging circuit, the first capacitor can be charged, if the current value flowing into the residual current judging circuit is larger than or equal to the second preset threshold value, when the voltage value of the first capacitor is larger than the reference power supply voltage, the detection chip can output a high-voltage driving signal, the driving current can be amplified and generate a control signal after receiving the driving signal, and then the NPN type triode is driven to be conducted through the control signal, so that the tripping coil is electrified, the tripper is switched from a closed state to an open state, the power supply path of the system is cut off, and the load and related electric devices are prevented from being damaged due to electric leakage faults.
In order to reduce the fluctuation of an electric signal output by the secondary side of the current transformer, a voltage stabilizing circuit can be further arranged between the secondary side of the current transformer and the rectifying circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a sixth resistor and a third capacitor, wherein the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the secondary side of the current transformer, the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the other end of the secondary side of the current transformer, the first end of the third capacitor is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a power distribution box, which may be applied to power supply and distribution systems in multiple scenarios such as wireless high-power 5G base stations or home circuits, and includes a box body and a residual current protection device in any one of the foregoing possible embodiments, where the box body is provided with a guide rail, the residual current protection device may be clamped in the guide rail, and a primary side of a current transformer of the residual current protection device may be connected to a power supply line of the power supply and distribution system, so as to detect whether there is a fault current on the power supply line of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional residual current protection device;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a residual current protection device provided in the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a trip unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another circuit module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a distribution box provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-residual current protection means; 100-a circuit module; 200-a release; 10-a rectifier circuit; 20-an anti-interference circuit;
30-residual current judging circuit; 40-a magnetic yoke; 50-an armature; 60-a permanent magnet; 41-a first end of the yoke;
42-a second end of the yoke; 70-a resilient member; 2-distribution box.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For the convenience of understanding the residual current protection device provided in the embodiments of the present application, an application scenario thereof is first described below. The residual current protection device provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a power supply system or a power distribution system, and is used for detecting whether the system has a fault (such as a leakage fault) or not, and disconnecting a power supply path of the system when the system is determined to have the fault, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the safety of a load and related electric devices in the system.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible residual current protection device in the prior art, where the residual current protection device includes a current transformer, a determination circuit 01 and a trip, where the current transformer can detect a residual current in a power supply path in real time, and convert the detected current and output the converted current to the determination circuit 01, when the current received by the determination circuit 01 is greater than a certain threshold, the current transformer can send a driving signal to the trip, and switch the trip from a closed state to an open state, so as to cut off the power supply path of the system, and when the current received by the determination circuit 01 is not greater than the threshold, the current transformer cannot send a driving signal to the trip, so that the trip remains in the closed state, and at this time, the system can normally perform power transmission. Although this residual current protection device can protect the safety of electrical part in load and the system in electric leakage fault, but in its use, if the system suffers the thunderbolt, great excess current can appear on the power supply route, at this moment, great electric current and higher voltage also can be sensed to current transformer's secondary side, very easily lead to judging the circuit mistake and judging leakage fault and control the release action, cut off the power supply route, can directly destroy the electrical part even when serious, lead to residual current protection device to damage. It should be noted that the term "excessive energy" in this application is understood to mean an excess of energy, including but not limited to: energy corresponding to an overvoltage (for example, energy resulting from a surge voltage, or the like) and energy corresponding to an overcurrent (for example, energy resulting from a surge current, or the like).
In order to solve the above problems, one solution in the prior art is to use a ferromagnetic material for electromagnetic shielding, so as to reduce the influence of an excessive current on an interference magnetic field generated by a release, and further reduce the risk of false operation of the release, but this design only has an effect on the interference magnetic field with a small intensity, and the ferromagnetic material is easily saturated by the strong interference magnetic field generated by the excessive current, so that the shielding effectiveness is reduced, and thus the false operation of the release is still caused; another solution is to use a voltage dependent resistor or other elements to suppress the high voltage and large current induced by the current transformer when the excessive current acts, but the voltage dependent resistor or other elements can only protect the circuit devices, so this solution cannot solve the problem of erroneous operation of the trip due to erroneous judgment of the electronic circuit.
Based on this, this application embodiment provides a residual current protection device, and this residual current protection device can pass through the energy that current transformer transmitted the circuit module with the excess current for strengthen the magnetic field intensity of the inside magnetic circuit of release, thereby reduce the magnetic field interference of excess current to the release, improve residual current protection device's operational reliability. The following describes a residual current protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The terminology used in the following examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As referred to herein, a plurality means two or more. The term "connection" referred to in this application, describing a connection relationship of two objects, may mean two connection relationships, for example, a and B connection, may mean: a is directly connected with B, and A is connected with B through C. In addition, it is to be understood that the terms first, second, etc. in the description of the present application are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order.
Referring first to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a residual current protection device provided in the present application. The residual current protection device 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a current transformer, a circuit module 100, and a trip 200, wherein a primary side of the current transformer may be connected in series in a measured line of a power distribution system, and a secondary side of the current transformer may be connected to the circuit module 100, so as to convert a detected current and output the converted current to the circuit module 100; the circuit module 100 is connected to the secondary side of the current transformer and the release 200, respectively, and is configured to process an electrical signal received from the secondary side of the current transformer and control the release 200 to open or close according to the processed electrical signal.
In specific implementation, the circuit module 100 may include a rectifying circuit 10, an anti-interference circuit 20, and a residual current determination circuit 30, where the rectifying circuit 10 is connected to the secondary side of the current transformer, and is configured to convert an electrical signal output by the secondary side of the current transformer into a direct current electrical energy and output the direct current electrical energy; the anti-interference circuit 20 is connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit 10 and the release 200, and is configured to receive the first electrical signal output by the rectifying circuit 10, control the release 200 to keep a closed state when the voltage value of the first electrical signal is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, and output the first electrical signal to the residual current determination circuit 30 when the voltage value of the first electrical signal is less than the first preset threshold; the residual current determination circuit 30 is connected to the output terminal of the immunity circuit 20 and the trip 200, and is configured to control the trip 200 to be turned off when the current flowing into the residual current determination circuit 30 satisfies a predetermined condition.
When the residual current protection device 1 is used for protecting a power supply and distribution system, under the condition that the system is struck by lightning, the current in a tested line is suddenly increased, at the moment, a secondary side of a current transformer can sense larger current and higher voltage, the voltage value of a first electric signal output by a rectification circuit 10 and received by an anti-interference circuit 20 is relatively larger, and when the voltage value of the first electric signal is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the anti-interference circuit 20 can apply the part of the over energy to a release 200 so as to enhance the magnetic field of an internal magnetic circuit of the release 200 and keep the release 200 in a closed state; when the system has faults such as electric leakage, the current appearing on the detected line is relatively small, so that the current and the voltage sensed by the secondary side of the current transformer are relatively small, at the moment, if the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit 10 and received by the anti-interference circuit 20 is smaller than a first preset threshold value, the first electric signal can be directly output to the residual current judging circuit 30, and when the residual current judging circuit 30 determines that the current flowing in meets corresponding conditions, the release 200 is controlled to be disconnected, so that the power supply path of the system is cut off, and the purpose of protecting the safety of the load and related electric devices in the system is achieved. Therefore, the residual current protection device 1 provided by the embodiment of the application can achieve the purpose of protecting the safety of a power supply and distribution system, reduce the influence of the excessive interference and improve the working reliability of the residual current protection device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a trip provided in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the trip unit 200 may include a yoke 40, an armature 50, a permanent magnet 60, and a trip coil L Removing device Wherein, one side of the magnetic yoke 40 has an opening, and in practical implementation, the magnetic yoke 40 may be configured in an approximately U-shaped structure, and the opening side of the magnetic yoke 40 includes two free ends, namely a first end 41 and a second end 42; the armature 50 is disposed at the opening side of the yoke 40, and the armature 50 may be hinged to the first end 41 of the yoke 40, and may contact or separate from the second end 42 of the yoke 40 when the armature 50 rotates around the first end 41 of the yoke 40, so as to close or open the trip device 200; the permanent magnet 60 may be disposed on the yoke 40, and a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 60 may cause the second end 42 of the yoke 40 to generate a magnetic force that attracts the armature 50, so that under a condition that the system normally operates, the armature 50 may maintain a contact state with the second end 42 of the yoke 40, that is, the trip 200 may be kept closed; trip coil L Removing device A trip coil L sleeved on the yoke iron of the magnetic yoke 40 Threshing device Is connected with the residual current judging circuit respectively, and is used for generating a magnetic field with the direction opposite to that of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 60 when the power is on, at the moment, the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 can generate a magnetic force for repelling the armature 50, so that the armature 50 is separated from the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40, and the trip is realizedThe device 200 is switched from the closed state to the open state.
It should be noted that the trip coil L Removing device The magnetic field strength generated when the power is applied needs to be greater than that generated by the permanent magnet 60, that is, the permanent magnet 60 causes the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 to generate an attraction force greater than that of the trip coil L Threshing device The repulsive force generated by the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 ensures that the armature 50 can overcome the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 60 and be smoothly separated from the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 when the system has a leakage fault. Understandably, trip coil L Removing device The magnetic field intensity generated when electrified can pass through the trip coil L Removing device The number of turns and the residual current of Removing device The size of the transmitted driving signal and other parameters are determined, and a residual current judging circuit and a trip coil L can be designed according to the used permanent magnet 60 during specific implementation Removing device And will not be described in detail here.
As mentioned above, when the armature 50 contacts the second end 42 of the yoke 40, the trip unit 200 is in the closed state and the power distribution system can normally transmit power, and when the armature 50 is separated from the second end 42 of the yoke 40, the trip unit 200 is in the open state and the power supply path of the power distribution system can be cut off. In specific implementation, the residual current protection device may further include an operating structure, the operating structure may be disposed at one side of the release 200, and one end of the operating structure is disposed with a movable contact connected to the power receiving line, and the power supply line is disposed with a stationary contact matched with the movable contact, when the system normally works, the movable contact may contact with the stationary contact under the control of the operating structure, so as to switch on the power supply path, and when the system has a fault such as leakage, the release 200 is disconnected, one end of the armature 50 rotates towards the direction far away from the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 (i.e. clockwise direction in fig. 3) under the action of the magnetic field, and contacts the operating structure, so that the operating structure controls the movable contact to separate from the stationary contact, and then cuts off the power supply path. The specific structure and transmission mode of the operating mechanism can refer to the design of some existing circuit breakers, and are not described herein again.
Continuing to refer to fig. 3, to raise the trip unit200, in some embodiments of the present application, the trip unit 200 may further include an elastic member 70, one end of the elastic member 70 may be connected to the yoke 40, and when the permanent magnet 60 is disposed on the yoke 40 near the first end 41 thereof, the elastic member 70 may also be connected to the permanent magnet 60 to reduce the difficulty of installation; the other end of the elastic element 70 is connected to the side of the armature 50 hinged to the first end 41 of the yoke 40, when the armature 50 contacts the second end 42 of the yoke 40, the elastic element 70 is in a stretched energy storage state, and the armature 50 can overcome the pulling force of the elastic element 70 under the action of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 60 and keep in contact with the second end 42 of the yoke 40, at this time, if the trip coil L is in the case of Removing device When energized, the armature 50 will trip the coil L Threshing device The generated magnetic field rotates clockwise and separates from the second end 42 of the yoke 40, and in the process, the elastic element 70 gradually changes from the energy storage state to the energy release state, so that a certain tensile force is applied to the armature 50, and the torque for rotating the armature 50 clockwise can be increased, so that the end of the armature 50 can reliably contact with the operating mechanism, and the power supply path is cut off.
The following describes specific structures of the rectifying circuit, the anti-interference circuit and the residual current protection circuit of the circuit module, respectively.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. When the rectifier circuit 10 is specifically arranged, the rectifier circuit 10 comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4, wherein the anode of D1 is a first input end point of the rectifier circuit, the cathode of D4 is a second input end point of the rectifier circuit, the cathode of D2 is a first output end point of the rectifier circuit, and the anode of D4 is a second input end point of the rectifier circuit; the anode of the D1 is connected with one end of the secondary side of the current transformer and the cathode of the D3, and the cathode of the D1 is connected with the cathode of the D2; and the anode of the D4 is connected with the anode of the D3, and the cathode of the D4 is connected with the other end of the secondary side of the current transformer and the anode of the D2. Therefore, the single-phase alternating current output by the secondary side of the current transformer can be converted into the unidirectional direct current for output through the regulating and rectifying functions of the rectifying circuit.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4 together, the immunity circuit 20 may include a transient suppression diode TVS and an immunity coil L Resist against TVS and anti-interference coil L Is resistant to Is arranged in series between two output terminals of the rectifier circuit 10, wherein the TVS is operable to be turned on when a voltage value of a first electrical signal output by the rectifier circuit 10 is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold (a turn-on voltage of the TVS) so that the first electrical signal passes through the immunity coil L Resist against And is used for outputting the first electrical signal to the residual current judgment circuit 30 when the voltage value of the first electrical signal is smaller than a first preset threshold value; anti-interference coil L Is resistant to The second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40 generates a magnetic force for attracting the armature 50 when the yoke 40 is energized. In particular implementation, the anti-interference coil L Is resistant to And trip coil L Threshing device The magnetic field generating device can be wound on the same side of the yoke 40 in a superposed manner, and the magnetic fields in opposite directions can be generated when the two are electrified by arranging the winding directions of the two in opposite directions.
When the system is struck by lightning and lightning energy exists in the tested circuit, the lightning energy enables the voltage value of the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit 10 to be not less than a first preset threshold value, so that the TVS can be conducted, and the first electric signal passes through the anti-interference coil L Resist against Anti-interference coil L Resist against After the power is supplied, a magnetic field with the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 60 is generated, that is, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic circuit in the release 200 can be enhanced, so that the armature 50 can be firmly adsorbed at the second end 42 of the magnetic yoke 40, and the false operation of the release 200 is avoided; when the system has an electric leakage fault, because the current appearing on the tested line is small, the voltage value of the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit 10 is not enough to enable the TVS to be conducted, at this time, the first electric signal can be directly output to the residual current judging circuit 30, and the residual current judging circuit 30 determines whether the release 200 operates or not.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the immunity coil L Resist against Can be connected in parallel in the circuit module 100, as shown in fig. 4, the anti-interference coil L Is resistant to One end of the second input terminal is connected to the first output terminal of the rectifying circuit 10 and the first input terminal of the residual current determining circuit 30, the other end is connected to one end of the TVS,the other end of the TVS is connected to a second output terminal of the rectifying circuit 10 and a second input terminal of the residual current determining circuit 30.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic diagram of another circuit module according to an embodiment of the present application is provided, in which an anti-interference coil L is disposed Resist against May also be connected in series in the circuit module 100. In the specific setting, the anti-interference coil L Is resistant to One end of the TVS is connected to the first output terminal of the rectifier circuit 10, the other end of the TVS is connected to one end of the TVS and the first input terminal of the residual current determination circuit 30, and the other end of the TVS is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier circuit 10 and the second input terminal of the residual current determination circuit 30. By adopting the arrangement, when the system works normally, no leakage current exists in the tested line, and the interference resisting coil L Is resistant to No current passes through the magnetic circuit breaker, so that a magnetic field cannot be generated in the release; when the system is struck by lightning, the first electrical signal output by the rectifying circuit 10 makes the TVS conducted, and the anti-interference coil L Resist against After the power is obtained, the magnetic field intensity of a magnetic circuit in the release can be enhanced, so that the release is kept in a closed state; when the system has a leakage fault, although the first electrical signal output from the rectifying circuit 10 passes through the anti-interference coil L Resist against But because of its relatively small current value, the immunity coil L Resist against The generated magnetic field intensity is far less than that of the trip coil L Threshing device The action of the tripper is not influenced by the magnetic field intensity generated when the power is on.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present application, the residual current determination circuit 30 may include a detector and a driving circuit, wherein the detector may be connected to an output terminal of the anti-interference circuit 20, and is configured to send a driving signal to the driving circuit when a value of a current flowing into the residual current determination circuit 30 is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value; the driving circuit is connected to the detector and the anti-interference coil 20, and is used for amplifying the power of the driving signal to generate a control signal and sending the control signal to the trip coil L when receiving the driving signal Removing device Make the trip coil L Removing device And the tripper is controlled to be disconnected by electrifying.
Specifically, the detector may include a detection chip, a first capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1, where a first end of R1 is a first input end of the residual current determination circuit 30, a second end of R1 is connected to the first end of C1, and a second end of C1 is a second input end of the residual current determination circuit; the first input end of the detection chip is connected with the second end of the R1 and the first end of the C1, the second input end of the detection chip is connected with the reference power supply, and the output end of the detection chip is connected with the driving circuit.
The driving circuit may include a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a fifth diode D5, a second capacitor C2, and an NPN transistor Q1. The first end of the R2 is connected with the anode of the D5 and the output end of the detection chip, and the second end of the R2 is connected with the second input end of the detection chip and the second end of the R3; the cathode of D5 is connected with the first end of R3 and the first end of R4; the second end of R4 is connected with the first end of C2 and the first end of R5; emitting electrode and trip coil L of NPN type triode Q1 Threshing device And the base electrode of the NPN type triode is connected with the second end of the R5, and the collector electrode of the NPN type triode is connected with the second end of the C2.
The residual current determination circuit 30 provided in the above embodiment may charge the C1 when the current flows into the residual current determination circuit 30, and if the current value flowing into the residual current determination circuit is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold value, the voltage value at the two ends of the C1 is greater than the reference power voltage, the detection chip may output the high-voltage driving signal, and amplify the driving signal through R2, R3, R4, R5, and D5 to generate the control signal, and then drive the NPN type triode Q1 to be turned on through the control signal, and at this time, the trip coil L may be turned on Threshing device When the power is obtained, the tripper is switched from a closed state to an open state, the power supply path of the system is cut off, and the load and related electric devices are prevented from being damaged due to electric leakage faults.
It should be noted that, in some possible embodiments of the present application, in order to reduce the fluctuation of the electrical signal output by the secondary side of the current transformer, a voltage stabilizing circuit may be further disposed between the secondary side of the current transformer and the rectifying circuit 10, and the voltage stabilizing circuit includes a sixth resistor R6 and a third capacitor C3, wherein a first end of R6 is connected to one end of the secondary side of the current transformer, and a second end of R6 is connected to the other end of the secondary side of the current transformer; the first end of C3 is connected with the first end of R6, and the second end of C3 is connected with the second end of R6.
The operation principle of the residual current protection device will be described in detail by taking the circuit module 100 shown in fig. 5 as an example.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, a and B are connected to the secondary side of the current transformer as input terminals of the circuit module 100, and C and D are connected to the trip coil L of the trip as output terminals of the circuit module 100 Threshing device And (4) connecting. When the system is struck by lightning, the current on the tested line is suddenly increased, and the secondary side of the current transformer senses larger current and higher voltage at the moment, so that the voltage value of the first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit 10 is also larger, when the voltage value of the first electric signal is larger than a first preset threshold value (the starting voltage of the TVS), the TVS is conducted, and at the moment, the TVS and the anti-interference coil L are conducted Resist against Forming a conduction path with the secondary side of the current transformer to make the first electric signal pass through the anti-interference coil L Resist against Anti-interference coil L Resist against After the power is obtained, the magnetic field intensity of a magnetic circuit in the release can be enhanced, so that the armature can be firmly adsorbed at the second end of the magnetic yoke, and the false operation of the release is avoided;
when a leakage fault occurs in the system, the current appearing on the detected line is small, so that the current and the voltage sensed by the secondary side of the current transformer are also relatively small, at the moment, the voltage value of the first electric signal output by the rectification circuit 10 does not reach the turn-on voltage of the TVS (the voltage value of the first electric signal is smaller than a first preset threshold), a branch where the TVS is located does not work, the first electric signal is directly output to the residual current judgment circuit 30 to charge the C1, at the moment, if the current value flowing into the residual current judgment circuit 30 is larger than or equal to a second preset threshold, so that when the voltage values at the two ends of the C1 are larger than the reference power voltage, the detection chip sends a driving signal to drive the NPN type triode Q1 to be conducted, and the tripping coil L is enabled to be conducted Removing device And the power supply path of the system is cut off when power is obtained, so that the purpose of protecting the safety of the load and related electric devices in the system is realized.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a distribution box 2, where the distribution box 2 is used to implement circuit deployment and distribution, and may be applied to a power supply and distribution system of a wireless high-power 5G (fifth generation mobile communication technology, referred to as 5G for short) base station, and may also be applied to a power supply and distribution system of a home circuit, and this application is not limited thereto. This distribution box 2 includes box body and one or more foretell residual current protection device 1, is equipped with the guide rail that sets up with residual current protection device 1 one-to-one on the box body to but make residual current protection device 1 joint in the guide rail, wherein, residual current protection device 1's current transformer once inclines to be connected with the power supply line of power supply and distribution system, whether there is the fault current on the power supply circuit of detecting system.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a residual current protection device, its characterized in that includes current transformer, circuit module and release, circuit module includes rectifier circuit, immunity circuit and residual current judgement circuit, wherein:
the rectifying circuit is connected with the secondary side of the current transformer and is used for conditioning and outputting an electric signal output by the secondary side of the current transformer;
the anti-interference circuit is connected with the output end of the rectifying circuit and the tripper and is used for receiving a first electric signal output by the rectifying circuit, controlling the tripper to be closed when the voltage value of the first electric signal is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold value, and outputting the first electric signal to the residual current judging circuit when the voltage value of the first electric signal is less than the first preset threshold value;
the residual current judging circuit is connected with the output end of the anti-interference circuit and the tripper and is used for controlling the tripper to be disconnected when the current flowing into the residual current judging circuit meets a preset condition;
the anti-interference circuit comprises a transient suppression diode and an anti-interference coil which are arranged between two output end points of the rectifying circuit in series.
2. The residual current protection device of claim 1, wherein the trip unit comprises a yoke, an armature, a permanent magnet, and a trip coil;
one side of the magnetic yoke is provided with an opening, and the opening side of the magnetic yoke is provided with a first end and a second end;
the armature is arranged on the opening side of the magnetic yoke and hinged to the first end of the magnetic yoke, and the armature is contacted with or separated from the second end of the magnetic yoke when rotating;
the permanent magnet is arranged on the magnetic yoke and is used for enabling the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for adsorbing the armature;
the tripping coil is sleeved on the yoke iron of the magnetic yoke, is connected with the residual current judging circuit and is used for enabling the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for repelling the armature iron when electrified.
3. The residual current protection device according to claim 2, wherein the transient suppression diode is configured to conduct when the voltage value of the first electrical signal is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, so that the first electrical signal passes through the immunity coil, and to output the first electrical signal to the residual current determination circuit when the voltage value of the first electrical signal is less than the first preset threshold;
the anti-interference coil is sleeved on the yoke iron of the magnetic yoke and used for enabling the second end of the magnetic yoke to generate magnetic force for adsorbing the armature iron when the magnetic yoke is electrified.
4. The residual current protection device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the anti-interference coil is connected to the first output terminal of the rectifying circuit and the first input terminal of the residual current judging circuit, and the other end is connected to one end of the transient suppression diode;
the other end of the transient suppression diode is connected with a second output end point of the rectifying circuit and a second input end point of the residual current judgment residual circuit.
5. The residual current protection device according to claim 3, wherein one end of the anti-interference coil is connected to the first output terminal of the rectifying circuit, and the other end of the anti-interference coil is connected to one end of the transient suppression diode and the first input terminal of the residual current determination circuit;
and the other end of the transient suppression diode is connected with a second output end point of the rectifying circuit and a second input end point of the current judgment residual circuit.
6. The residual current protection device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the anti-interference coil and the trip coil are sleeved on the same yoke of the magnetic yoke, and the winding directions of the anti-interference coil and the trip coil are opposite.
7. The residual current protection device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that said trip unit further comprises an elastic member, one end of said elastic member is connected with said yoke, and the other end is connected with one side of the first end of said yoke where said armature is hinged;
when the armature contacts the second end of the magnetic yoke, the elastic piece is in an energy storage state; when the armature is separated from the second end of the magnetic yoke, the elastic piece is in a release state.
8. The residual current protection device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the residual current determination circuit comprises a detector and a driving circuit;
the detector is connected with the output end of the anti-interference circuit and is used for sending a driving signal to the driving circuit when the current value flowing into the residual current judging circuit is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value;
the driving circuit is connected with the detector and the trip coil and used for amplifying the power of the driving signal to generate a control signal and sending the control signal to the trip coil to enable the trip coil to be electrified.
9. The residual current protection device of claim 8, wherein the detector comprises a detection chip, a first capacitor and a first resistor;
one end of the first resistor is used as a first input end point of the residual current judging circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and a first input end of the detection chip;
the other end of the first capacitor is used as a second input end point of the residual current judging circuit;
and the second input end of the detection chip is connected with a reference power supply, and the output end of the detection chip is connected with the driving circuit.
10. A distribution box, characterized in that, it comprises a box body and a residual current protection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the box body is provided with a guide rail, and the residual current protection device is clamped in the guide rail.
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