CN113936857A - Rat-proof and termite-proof cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rat-proof and termite-proof cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113936857A CN113936857A CN202111173291.0A CN202111173291A CN113936857A CN 113936857 A CN113936857 A CN 113936857A CN 202111173291 A CN202111173291 A CN 202111173291A CN 113936857 A CN113936857 A CN 113936857A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/021—Features relating to screening tape per se
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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Abstract
The invention provides a rat-proof and termite-proof cable and a preparation method thereof. The rat-proof and termite-proof cable comprises a conductor core wire, and a conductor shielding layer, a cross-linked polyethylene insulating layer, an insulating shielding layer, a metal shielding layer, a wrapping layer and a polycarbonate protective layer which are sequentially coated on the outer surface of the conductor core wire. Based on the cable arrangement mode, the protection performance requirement and the application requirement on the interior of the cable can be met while the protection performance of the cable is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to a rat and termite prevention cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Most of the power cables are buried underground. For example, power cables laid in nuclear power stations, rail transit and tunnel environments are harsh in laying operation environments and difficult in construction, operation and maintenance. And mice and termites bite and erode the cable to cause serious conditions such as power transmission line damage or cable breakdown and the like, so that great economic loss is caused. The cable itself puts higher requirements on the performance of preventing rats and ants. Although some auxiliary prevention measures can be adopted in engineering, the difficulty is high, the cost is high, the effect is poor, and the performance-price ratio is not high in the performance of preventing rats and ants of the cable.
In recent years, power cables at home and abroad make great progress in the rat and termite prevention technology, but fewer cable products with the rat and termite prevention capability are produced, and fewer environment-friendly rat and termite prevention cable products which do not adopt toxic materials for avoiding permanent pollution to the environment are produced. At present, the rat-proof structure of most cables is divided into a metal layer rat-proof structure or a method of adding a rat repellent (capsaicin) in a sheath material and the like for rat-proof. The rat-proof metal armor layer is designed in the cable structure, so that the cable cost is increased, the resource waste is caused, and the product competitiveness is reduced. The mode of adding the repellent in the sheath material causes certain damage to the health of operators in the cable production, installation and laying processes, and simultaneously causes certain pollution to the surrounding environment. At present, most termite-proof cables are of nylon sheath type and have sheaths added with termite-proof agents (pyrethroid termite-proof agents). The nylon sheath type termite-proof cable is relatively high in cost, and the termite-proof agent added into the sheath has certain harm to personnel and environment. At present, fewer cable products with rat-proof and termite-proof performances are available in the market.
In summary, the cable in the prior art has problems of high cost, poor environmental protection, or poor rat and termite resistance, and therefore, there is a need to provide a cable which can meet the performance requirements of the cable and improve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a rat and termite prevention cable and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the cable is high in cost, poor in environmental protection, poor in rat and termite prevention performance and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rat/ant prevention cable, including a conductor core wire, and a conductor shielding layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer, an insulating shielding layer, a metal shielding layer, a wrapping layer and a polycarbonate protective layer which are sequentially coated on an outer surface of the conductor core wire.
Further, the raw materials of the polycarbonate protective layer comprise, by weight, 100 parts of polycarbonate, 20-25 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 20-25 parts of polypropylene and 20-25 parts of maleic anhydride; preferably, the polycarbonate protective layer is made of raw materials which are sequentially subjected to mixing, drying treatment and melt co-extrusion treatment; preferably, in the drying treatment process, the treatment temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the treatment time is 3-5 h; preferably, in the melt extrusion treatment process, the extrusion temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 300-400 bar.
Furthermore, the Shore hardness of the material of the polycarbonate protective layer is not less than 75D, and the density is 1.1-1.3 g/cm3Tensile strength is not less than 50MPa, elongation at break is more than 200%, and volume resistivity is 1 multiplied by 1014～10×1014Omega cm, and a dielectric constant of 2.9 to 3.5.
Further, the thickness of the polycarbonate protective layer is 1.4-3.0 nm.
Further, the conductor core wire is made of a copper wire, an aluminum wire or an aluminum alloy wire; preferably, the material of the conductor shielding layer is a cross-linking type semi-conductive shielding material; preferably, the insulating shielding layer is made of a cross-linking type non-strippable semiconductive shielding material or a cross-linking type strippable semiconductive shielding material; preferably, the metal shielding layer is made of a copper strip, a copper wire or an aluminum strip; the preferable material around the covering is non-woven fabrics, glass fiber tape, or high fire-retardant band.
Furthermore, the thickness of the conductor shielding layer is 0.5-1.2 mm; the thickness of the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer is 2.5-10.5 mm; the thickness of the insulating shielding layer is 0.5-1.2 mm; the thickness of the metal shielding layer is 0.1-1.0 mm; the thickness around the covering is 0.1 ~ 0.5 mm.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the above rat/ant-proof cable, the method comprising: step S1, providing a conductor core wire; and step S2, sequentially coating a conductor shielding layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer, an insulating shielding layer, a metal shielding layer, a wrapping layer and a polycarbonate protective layer on the outer surface of the conductor core wire.
Further, step S2 includes: step S21, placing the materials of the conductor shielding layer, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer on the outer surface of the conductor core wire in a surrounding manner in sequence from the near to the far direction, and then performing coextrusion treatment and vulcanization treatment in sequence so as to coat the conductor shielding layer, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer on the outer surface of the conductor core wire in sequence; step S22, sequentially arranging a metal shielding layer and a wrapping layer on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer through overlapping wrapping treatment; and step S23, placing a polycarbonate protective layer material on the outer surface of the wrapping layer for extrusion treatment to obtain the rat and ant prevention cable.
Further, in the step S21, in the co-extrusion treatment process, the extrusion temperature is 80-120 ℃; in the vulcanization treatment process, the vulcanization pressure is 6-10 bar, and the vulcanization temperature is 300-400 ℃.
Further, in step S23, in the extrusion process, the extrusion temperature is 250 to 300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 300 to 400 bar.
Based on the cable arrangement mode, the protection performance requirement and the application requirement on the interior of the cable can be met while the protection performance of the cable is better. The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade, namely the FS1 grade and the FY1 grade.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a rat/ant-proof cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a conductor core wire; 20. a conductor shield layer; 30. a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer; 40. an insulating shield layer; 50. a metal shielding layer; 60. wrapping a covering; 70. a polycarbonate protective layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As described in the background art, the cable in the prior art has problems of high cost, poor environmental protection, or poor rat and termite resistance. In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a rat-proof and ant-proof cable, as shown in fig. 1, the rat-proof and ant-proof cable comprises a conductor core wire 10, and a conductor shielding layer 20, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 30, an insulating shielding layer 40, a metal shielding layer 50, a wrapping layer 60 and a polycarbonate protective layer 70 which are sequentially coated on the outer surface of the conductor core wire 10.
The invention arranges the polycarbonate protective layer on the outer layer of the cable, thereby replacing a metal rat-proof layer and a pyrethroid termite-proof layer, and effectively solving the problems of high cost, poor environmental protection, poor rat-proof performance and termite-proof performance and the like of the cable in the prior art. Firstly, the polycarbonate material has higher hardness, elastic coefficient and strength, and can realize the effective rat-proof and termite-proof functions of the cable. The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable). Secondly, the polycarbonate material has wider application temperature range, lower shrinkage, good weather resistance and better electrical property. Therefore, the cable provided by the invention has more excellent electrical insulation, extension performance, size stability and chemical corrosion resistance, the heat resistance reaches 160 ℃, the cold resistance reaches-60 ℃, and the cable also has the advantages of self-extinguishing after leaving fire, flame retardance, no toxicity and the like. Moreover, the polycarbonate material is non-toxic and harmless, and has lighter density, so that the cable material is lighter, more environment-friendly and safer, has no harm to people and the surrounding environment, and ensures the safety and reliability of long-term operation of the power transmission line.
In particular, the polycarbonate protective layer of the present invention is provided on the basis of other functional layers in the synergistic cable. In particular, in the cable of the present invention, the conductor mainly plays a role of transmitting electric energy. The conductor shielding layer mainly plays a role in balancing an electric field and has the same potential as the conductor, so that partial discharge between the conductor and the insulating layer is avoided. The crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer mainly plays a role in preventing current from diffusing outwards, enabling the current to be transmitted towards one direction and protecting the conductor from being corroded and damaged. The insulating shielding layer mainly plays a role in equalizing electric field and equipotential of the metal sheath, and partial discharge between the insulating layer and the sheath is avoided. The metal shielding layer mainly plays a role in shielding an electric field and protecting insulation. The lapping layer plays the effect of separation metal shielding layer and outer jacket, and the construction of being convenient for is laid. The polycarbonate protective layer mainly plays a role in preventing rodents and ants from biting and eating and simultaneously plays a role in protecting the cable insulation wire core from mechanical damage.
In conclusion, based on the cable arrangement mode, the protection performance requirement and the application requirement on the interior of the cable can be met while the protection performance of the cable is better.
Preferably, the raw material of the polycarbonate protective layer 70 comprises, by weight, 100 parts of polycarbonate, 20 to 25 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 20 to 25 parts of polypropylene and 20 to 25 parts of maleic anhydride. Preferably, the polyolefin elastomer is one or more of an ethylene-octene copolymer, an ethylene-butene copolymer, or an ethylene-hexene copolymer. The modified polypropylene material is obtained by adding polyolefin elastomer, polypropylene and maleic anhydride into polycarbonate to graft-modify the polycarbonate. On the basis of keeping the excellent strength function of the polycarbonate, the processing performance of the polycarbonate can be further improved, the viscosity and the tensile property of the polycarbonate protective layer are improved, the bending strength and the bending modulus of the polycarbonate protective layer are reduced, the polycarbonate protective layer can be obtained by melt extrusion production in a single-screw extruder, the process requirement is simpler, the realizability is better, the universality is better, and the producible application type is better.
In an alternative embodiment, polycarbonate with the Japanese Tritsubishi brand EFD2110U, a DuPont Dow brand 8540 polyolefin elastomer, a Yankee brand B8101 polypropylene with a melt index of 6.0g/10min (230 ℃, 2.16kg) may be used.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the polycarbonate protective layer of the present invention can be prepared according to the prior art, for example, in a preferred embodiment, the material of the polycarbonate protective layer 70 is prepared by sequentially mixing, drying and melt co-extruding the raw materials. In the drying treatment process, the treatment temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the treatment time is 3-5 h. Based on the method, the fluidity of the material can be further improved, and the material is promoted to have better stability and better uniformity in the subsequent extrusion process. Preferably, in the melt extrusion treatment process, the extrusion temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 300-400 bar. Polycarbonate materials have a relatively high viscosity and are more flowable in a heated and molten state. Based on the synergistic cooperation of the extrusion temperature and the extrusion pressure, the extrusion process is more stable, the fluidity of the material can be effectively improved, and the obtained polycarbonate protective layer is more uniform and has better performance uniformity.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention uses a 150 extruder to melt-extrude the dried mixture. Wherein the temperature of the machine body is set to be 190-210 ℃ in a 1 region, 200-220 ℃ in a 2 region, 220-240 ℃ in a 3 region, 230-250 ℃ in a 4 region, 240-260 ℃ in the diameter of the machine and 250-270 ℃ in the machine head. 3 layers of filter screens are adopted at the diameter of the plastic extruding machine, the mesh number is respectively 60-80 meshes, 100-120 meshes and 60-80 meshes, and the filter screens are symmetrically arranged and have the function of uniformly extruding pressure so as to uniformly and stably extrude the plastic. The polycarbonate material is extruded more smoothly and uniformly by adopting a single-thread screw with low compression ratio.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the polycarbonate protective layer according to the invention can also be selected from polycarbonate materials conventionally commercially available in the prior art.
In order to further improve the above excellent properties of the cable, it is preferable that the polycarbonate shield layer 70 is made of a material having a Shore hardness of 75D or more and a density of 1.1g/cm3～1.3g/cm3Tensile strength is not less than 50MPa, elongation at break is more than 200%, and volume resistivity is 1 multiplied by 1014Ω·cm～10×1014Omega cm, and a dielectric constant of 2.9 to 3.5. In a preferred embodiment, the polycarbonate protective layer 70 selected for use in the present invention has a tensile strength change and an elongation at break change of no greater than Δ 25% after aging at 110 ℃ for 10 days.
In order to further balance the application performance and the protection performance of the cable, the thickness of the polycarbonate protection layer 70 is preferably 1.4-3.0 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the materials of the other functional layers in the cable according to the invention can be selected from those conventionally used in the art. For example, the material of the conductor 10 is a copper wire, an aluminum wire, or an aluminum alloy wire; the material of the conductor shielding layer 20 is preferably a cross-linked semiconductive shielding material; preferably, the insulating shielding layer 40 is made of a cross-linked non-strippable semiconductive shielding material or a cross-linked strippable semiconductive shielding material; preferably, the metal shielding layer 50 is made of copper strip, copper wire or aluminum strip; preferably, the wrapping layer 60 is made of non-woven fabric, glass fiber tape or high-flame-retardant wrapping tape. These can be replaced correspondingly by those skilled in the art according to the needs of their own products, and are not described herein in detail.
In an alternative embodiment, the crosslinked semiconductive shield is a peroxide crosslinked semiconductive shield, model number PYJJ in JB/T10738. The crosslinking type non-strippable semiconductive shielding material is a peroxide crosslinking type non-strippable semiconductive shielding material, and the type of JB/T10738 is PYJJ. The crosslinking type strippable semiconductive shielding material is a peroxide crosslinking type strippable semiconductive shielding material, and the JB/T10738 is PYJBJ. The high flame-retardant wrapping tape is a glass fiber tape or a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant tape.
Preferably, the thickness of the conductor shielding layer 20 is 0.5-1.2 mm; the thickness of the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 30 is 2.5-10.5 mm; the thickness of the insulation shielding layer 40 is 0.5-1.2 mm; the thickness of the metal shielding layer 50 is 0.1-1.0 mm; the thickness around covering 60 is 0.1 ~ 0.5 mm. On the basis of meeting the performance requirements of the cable, the problems that the cable in the prior art is high in cost, poor in environmental protection performance, poor in rat-proof performance and ant-proof performance and the like are effectively solved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rat-proof and termite-proof cable, which comprises the following steps: s1, providing a conductor core wire 10; s2, the outer surface of the conductor core wire 10 is sequentially covered with the conductor shielding layer 20, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 30, the insulating shielding layer 40, the metal shielding layer 50, the wrapping layer 60, and the polycarbonate protective layer 70.
Based on the reasons of the above phases, the cable prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has better rat and termite resistance, and can meet the protection performance requirement and application requirement on the interior of the cable.
In order to further improve the performance uniformity of the cable, in a preferred embodiment, step S2 includes the steps of: s21, placing the materials of the conductor shielding layer 20, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 30 and the insulation shielding layer 40 around the outer surface of the conductor core wire 10 in sequence from the near to the far direction, and then performing co-extrusion treatment and vulcanization treatment in sequence to wrap the conductor shielding layer 20, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 30 and the insulation shielding layer 40 on the outer surface of the conductor core wire 10 in sequence; s22, sequentially arranging a metal shielding layer 50 and a wrapping layer 60 on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 40 through overlapping wrapping treatment; and S23, placing the material of the polycarbonate protective layer 70 on the outer surface of the wrapping layer 60 for extrusion treatment to obtain the rat/ant-proof cable.
Preferably, in the step S21, the extrusion temperature is 80-120 ℃ in the co-extrusion treatment process; in the vulcanization treatment process, the vulcanization pressure is 6-10 bar, and the vulcanization temperature is 300-400 ℃. In step S23, in the extrusion process, the extrusion temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 300-400 bar. Based on this, the performance uniformity of cable is better, can solve the problem that cable in the prior art either has the cost height, or has the feature of environmental protection poor, or has rat protection performance and termite resistance relatively poor etc. more effectively.
The cable can be applied to areas and environments with serious rat damage and serious termite damage, can be laid in places such as cable trenches, cable troughs, cable bridges, tunnels, pipe galleries, ships and warships and can also be directly buried underground at a certain depth. The cable is safe and reliable when being applied to the regions and the environment for long-term operation.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
The rat-proof and termite-proof cable has the following structure:
as shown in fig. 1, a conductor core wire is used as a substrate, and a conductor shielding layer (thickness 1.0mm, material is cross-linked semiconductive shielding material, model number in B/T10738 is PYJJ), a cross-linked polyethylene insulating layer (thickness 4.5mm, material is cross-linked polyethylene), an insulating shielding layer (thickness 0.8mm, material is peelable cross-linked semiconductive shielding material, model number in JB/T10738 is PYJBJ), a metal shielding layer (thickness 0.1mm, material is copper strip), a lapping layer (thickness 0.2mm, material is non-woven fabric) and a polycarbonate protective layer (thickness 2.0mm) are sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the conductor core wire.
The preparation process of the rat-proof and termite-proof cable comprises the following steps:
1. 100 parts of polycarbonate (Japanese Mitsubishi brand EFD2110U), 25 parts of polyolefin elastomer (Dow Dupont brand 8540) and 25 parts of polypropylene (Yangzhi brand B8101, 6.0g/10min (230 ℃ C. 2.16kg)) are mixed with 25 parts of maleic anhydride in parts by weight, and the mixture is subjected to drying treatment and melt coextrusion treatment in sequence to obtain the material of the polycarbonate protective layer. Wherein, in the drying treatment process, the treatment temperature is 130 ℃, and the treatment time is 5 h. After drying, the mixture is extruded by a 150 extruder, wherein the temperature of the extruder body is 200 ℃ in a 1 region, 210 ℃ in a 2 region, 230 ℃ in a 3 region, 240 ℃ in a 4 region, the diameter of the extruder is 245 ℃, the temperature of the extruder head is 250 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 390 bar.
Wherein the material of the polycarbonate protective layer has Shore hardness of 78D and density of 1.3g/cm3Tensile strength of 58MPa, elongation at break of 200%, volume resistivity of 10X 1014Omega cm, dielectric constant 3.1. Resistance after aging at 110 ℃ for 10 daysTensile strength change rate: 15 percent. Elongation at break change after 10 days aging at 110 ℃: 14 percent.
2. The material of a conductor shielding layer (crosslinked semiconductive shielding material), a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (crosslinked polyethylene insulating material) and an insulating shielding layer (crosslinked strippable semiconductive shielding material) are sequentially placed on the outer surface of a conductor core wire (copper wire) to be sequentially subjected to coextrusion treatment and vulcanization treatment, and the conductor shielding layer, the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are sequentially arranged on the conductor. Wherein the extrusion temperature is 115 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 8bar, and the vulcanization temperature is 380 ℃.
3. Through overlapping wrapping treatment, a metal shielding layer (copper strip) and a wrapping layer (non-woven fabric) are sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer (the cross-linked strippable semi-conductive shielding material).
4. And placing the material of the polycarbonate protective layer on the outer surface of the wrapping layer (non-woven fabric) for extrusion treatment to obtain the rat and ant prevention cable. Wherein, in the extrusion treatment process, the extrusion temperature is 250 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 390 bar.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 2
The only difference from example 1 is the raw material composition of the polycarbonate protective layer. 100 parts of polycarbonate, 20 parts of polyolefin elastomer and 20 parts of polypropylene are mixed with 20 parts of maleic anhydride, and the materials of the polycarbonate protective layer are obtained through drying treatment and melt coextrusion treatment in sequence.
The material of the polycarbonate protective layer had a Shore hardness of 80D and a density of 1.28g/cm3Tensile strength of 65MPa, elongation at break of 220%, volume resistivity of 10X 1014Omega cm, dielectric constant 3.2. Tensile strength change rate after 10 days of aging at 110 ℃: 16 percent. Elongation at break change after 10 days aging at 110 ℃: 15 percent.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 3
The only difference from example 1 is the raw material composition of the polycarbonate protective layer. 100 parts of polycarbonate, 22 parts of polyolefin elastomer and 22 parts of polypropylene are mixed with 22 parts of maleic anhydride, and the materials of the polycarbonate protective layer are obtained through drying treatment and melt coextrusion treatment in sequence.
The material of the polycarbonate protective layer had a Shore hardness of 79D and a density of 1.3g/cm3Tensile strength of 61MPa, elongation at break of 210%, volume resistivity of 10X 1014Omega cm, dielectric constant 3.0. Tensile strength change rate after 10 days of aging at 110 ℃: 16 percent. Elongation at break change after 10 days aging at 110 ℃: 15 percent.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is only that in step 1, the treatment temperature during the drying treatment was 120 ℃ and the treatment time was 3 hours.
The material of the polycarbonate protective layer had a Shore hardness of 78D and a density of 1.3g/cm3Tensile strength of 58MPa, elongation at break of 200%, volume resistivity of 10X 1014Omega cm, dielectric constant 3.1. Tensile strength change rate after 10 days of aging at 110 ℃: 15 percent. Elongation at break change after 10 days aging at 110 ℃: 14 percent.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 1, the extrusion pressure during the melt extrusion process was 400 bar.
The material of the polycarbonate protective layer had a Shore hardness of 78D and a density of 1.3g/cm3Tensile strength of 58MPa, elongation at break of 200%, volume resistivity of 10X 1014Omega cm, dielectric constant 3.1. Tensile strength change rate after 10 days of aging at 110 ℃: 15 percent. Elongation at break change after 10 days aging at 110 ℃: 14 percent.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 6
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 2, the extrusion temperature is 118 ℃, the vulcanization pressure is 9bar and the vulcanization temperature is 400 ℃.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 7
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 4, the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure is 400 bar.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
Example 8
The only difference from example 1 is that in step 4, the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure is 300 bar.
The rat and ant prevention grade reaches the FSY11 grade specified in GB/T34016-2017 general rules of rat-proof and ant-proof wires and cables, namely FS1 grade (the protection rate is more than or equal to 0.9, and no tooth mark or light tooth mark exists on the surface of the sheath) and FY1 grade (no tooth mark damaged by termites exists on the surface of the cable).
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rat-proof and termite-proof cable is characterized by comprising a conductor core wire (10), and a conductor shielding layer (20), a cross-linked polyethylene insulating layer (30), an insulating shielding layer (40), a metal shielding layer (50), a wrapping layer (60) and a polycarbonate protective layer (70) which are sequentially coated on the outer surface of the conductor core wire (10).
2. The rat-proof and ant-proof cable according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the polycarbonate protective layer (70) comprises 100 parts by weight of polycarbonate, 20-25 parts by weight of polyolefin elastomer, 20-25 parts by weight of polypropylene and 20-25 parts by weight of maleic anhydride; preferably, the polycarbonate protective layer (70) is prepared by sequentially mixing, drying and melting and co-extruding the raw materials;
preferably, in the drying treatment process, the treatment temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the treatment time is 3-5 h;
preferably, in the melt co-extrusion treatment process, the extrusion temperature is 250-300 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 300-400 bar.
3. The rat-proof and ant-proof cable according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polycarbonate protective layer (70) is made of a material having a Shore hardness of 75D or more and a density of 1.1-1.3 g/cm3Tensile strength is not less than 50MPa, elongation at break is more than 200%, and volume resistivity is 1 multiplied by 1014～10×1014Omega cm, and a dielectric constant of 2.9 to 3.5.
4. The rat-ant prevention cable according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the polycarbonate protective layer (70) is 1.4 to 3.0 nm.
5. A rat/ant prevention cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the material of the conductor core wire (10) is a copper wire, an aluminum wire, or an aluminum alloy wire;
the material of the conductor shielding layer (20) is preferably a cross-linking type semi-conductive shielding material;
preferably, the insulating shielding layer (40) is made of a cross-linking type non-strippable semi-conductive shielding material or a cross-linking type strippable semi-conductive shielding material;
preferably, the metal shielding layer (50) is made of a copper strip, a copper wire or an aluminum strip;
preferably, the wrapping layer (60) is made of non-woven fabrics, glass fiber tapes or high-flame-retardant wrapping tapes.
6. The rat-proof and ant-proof cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the conductor shielding layer (20) is 0.5 to 1.2 mm; the thickness of the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (30) is 2.5-10.5 mm; the thickness of the insulation shielding layer (40) is 0.5-1.2 mm; the thickness of the metal shielding layer (50) is 0.1-1.0 mm; the thickness of the wrapping layer (60) is 0.1-0.5 mm.
7. A method of manufacturing a rat/ant-proof cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
step S1, providing a conductor core wire (10);
and step S2, sequentially coating a conductor shielding layer (20), a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (30), an insulating shielding layer (40), a metal shielding layer (50), a wrapping layer (60) and a polycarbonate protective layer (70) on the outer surface of the conductor core wire (10).
8. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 7, wherein the step S2 includes:
step S21, sequentially placing the materials of the conductor shielding layer (20), the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (30) and the insulating shielding layer (40) on the outer surface of the conductor core wire (10) in a surrounding manner from the near to the far direction, and then sequentially performing coextrusion treatment and vulcanization treatment so as to sequentially coat and arrange the conductor shielding layer (20), the crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer (30) and the insulating shielding layer (40) on the outer surface of the conductor core wire (10);
step S22, sequentially arranging the metal shielding layer (50) and the wrapping layer (60) on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer (40) through overlapping wrapping processing;
and step S23, placing the material of the polycarbonate protective layer (70) on the outer surface of the wrapping layer (60) for extrusion treatment to obtain the rat/ant prevention cable.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S21, the extrusion temperature during the co-extrusion treatment is 80-120 ℃; in the vulcanization treatment process, the vulcanization pressure is 6-10 bar, and the vulcanization temperature is 300-400 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step S23, the extrusion temperature is 250-300 ℃ and the extrusion pressure is 300-400 bar during the extrusion process.
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| CN202111173291.0A CN113936857A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Rat-proof and termite-proof cable and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202111173291.0A CN113936857A (en) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Rat-proof and termite-proof cable and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113936857A true CN113936857A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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| CN102760523A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 江苏上上电缆集团有限公司 | Power cable for rolling stock |
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