CN113936330A - Iris recognition device and method based on digital holography - Google Patents
Iris recognition device and method based on digital holography Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an iris identification device and method based on digital holography.A beam splitter I is arranged on the light path of an infrared laser in a light-tight shell and is divided into two beams, namely a reference beam and an object beam; a total reflection mirror, a beam expanding mirror II, a pinhole filter II, a lens II and a beam splitter III are sequentially arranged on the light path of the reference light beam, the beam splitter III is divided into two light paths, one light path is provided with the beam splitter II, and the other light path is provided with a signal receiver; the iris detection device comprises an object beam, a beam expander I, a pinhole filter I, a lens I and a beam splitter II, wherein the beam expander I, the pinhole filter I, the lens I and the beam splitter II are sequentially arranged on light paths of the object beam; the other light path passes through a beam splitter III; the object beam is reflected by the iris of the target to be measured, and the reflection light path is sequentially provided with a beam splitter II, a beam splitter III and a signal receiver. The invention ensures the accuracy, and greatly improves the recognition efficiency and the convenience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an iris identification device and method based on digital holography, and belongs to the field of infrared digital holography application.
Background
The biological feature recognition technology is a technology for carrying out identity recognition according to unique biological features and behavioral features which can be sampled and measured by everyone, and in the biological feature recognition technologies such as human faces, voices, palm prints, fingerprints and irises, the performances such as universality, uniqueness, stability, non-invasiveness and anti-counterfeiting performance of iris recognition are in the forefront, and the difficulty coefficients are high in the aspects of recognition difficulty and technical attack and customs.
In recent years, under the promotion of national top-level policies and domestic demand promotion, through technical research and development pursuit, Chinese enterprises have formed the perfect layout of the whole industrial chain in the field. With the iterative upgrade of the technology and the accelerated implementation of the industry fusion, the iris recognition can be further applied to the wide fields of smart cities, smart security, civil government affairs, smart homes and the like.
The existing iris recognition field has certain defects, so that the user interaction effect is not good: it is difficult to miniaturize the size of the image acquisition apparatus; the equipment cost is high, and the large-scale popularization cannot be realized; the lens may generate image distortion to reduce reliability; an automatic iris recognition system comprises two modules of hardware and software: the iris image acquisition device and the iris recognition algorithm respectively correspond to two basic problems of image acquisition and mode matching, and the requirements of the two problems are higher; the corresponding products can not be made according to the demands of different consumers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an iris recognition device and method based on digital holography, which effectively improve iris recognition efficiency, have higher recognition rate, greatly reduce the error recognition rate of iris recognition, and have the precision reaching the infrared wavelength level, namely the nanometer level; the recognition rate can be set according to the demand, the recognition is controllable and convenient, and a huge guarantee is provided for biological recognition.
The invention aims to provide an iris identification device and method based on digital holography, which not only give play to the advantage of high-precision measurement by means of holographic interference measurement, but also combine the advantages of strong anti-interference performance and real-time detection of infrared digital holography.
In order to meet the technical requirements, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an iris recognition device based on digital holography comprises the following components: the system comprises an infrared laser, a beam splitter I, a total reflection mirror, a beam expander I, a beam expander II, a pinhole filter I, a pinhole filter II, a lens I, a lens II, a beam splitter III, a signal receiver, an infrared window, a light-tight shell, a computer and an iris of a target to be detected;
the components inside the light-tight enclosure are arranged along the following light paths:
a beam splitter I is arranged on a light path of a laser beam emitted by the infrared laser, and divides the laser beam into two beams, namely a reference beam and an object beam;
a total reflection mirror, a beam expanding mirror II, a pinhole filter II and a lens II are sequentially arranged on the light path of the reference beam, so that the laser beam becomes parallel light; the light path of the parallel light; the beam splitter III is divided into two light paths, one light path is provided with a beam splitter II, and the other light path is provided with a signal receiver;
a beam expander I, a pinhole filter I and a lens I are sequentially arranged on a light path of an object beam to enable the laser beam to become parallel light, a beam splitter II is arranged on the light path of the parallel light, the beam splitter II splits into two light paths, an infrared window is arranged on one light path, and an iris of a target to be detected is positioned outside the infrared window; the other light path passes through a beam splitter III;
the object beam is reflected by the iris of the target to be measured, the beam splitter II, the beam splitter III and the signal receiver are sequentially arranged on the reflection light path, and the signal receiver is connected with a computer outside the light-tight shell.
Preferably, the infrared laser of the present invention selects the infrared laser with the central wavelength of 2200nm, which is not easy to be absorbed by moisture, as the detection light source, because the laser emitted by the laser is not easy to be absorbed by moisture, and the eyeball part contains a certain amount of moisture, compared with the laser easy to be absorbed by moisture, it can reduce the absorption of moisture to infrared light during the detection process, the interference fringes are more obvious, the influence caused by moisture is reduced, and the detection precision is improved. The longer the infrared wavelength, the stronger the diffraction capability, the stronger the penetration capability, the less signal loss attenuation, and the longer the infrared wavelength, the lower its environmental stability requirement. The infrared laser with the transmission laser wavelength of 2200nm is selected, the power of the laser is less than the international standard of maximum power for irradiating eyes of 5mw, the attenuation effect of the infrared laser beam with the wavelength in the air is weak, the infrared laser beam can be prevented from being attenuated too fast in the air, the requirement on the environmental stability is reduced, and the harm to human eyes is reduced.
Preferably, the infrared laser selects the infrared laser with the central wavelength of 2200nm, the infrared light of which is not easy to be absorbed by moisture, as a detection light source, the infrared light is invisible light, information acquisition cannot be influenced due to stimulation of light intensity on human eyes during iris acquisition, and meanwhile, the harm of the infrared laser irradiating human bodies within a short time under the power of 5mw is extremely small, so that the damage to the eyes of an acquirer is greatly reduced, and the safety is improved.
Preferably, the lens I and the lens ii according to the present invention are any one of a germanium lens, a silicon lens, and a glass lens.
Preferably, the beam splitter I, the beam splitter ii and the beam splitter iii are any one of a germanium beam splitter, a silicon beam splitter or a glass beam splitter.
Preferably, the beam expander I and the beam expander ii are any one of a germanium beam expander, a silicon beam expander or a glass beam expander.
Preferably, the signal receiver is an infrared focal plane array detector or a CCD image sensor with an induction band containing an infrared laser wavelength band. The sensor with high image unit transmission rate is selected as much as possible.
Preferably, the wavelength of the infrared light allowed to pass through by the infrared window of the present invention should be the same as the wavelength of the infrared laser, and the parameters of the infrared window should be matched with the parameters of the infrared laser.
The inner side of the side wall of the rectangular light-tight casing is pure black so as to absorb infrared light entering the light-tight casing and prevent the infrared light from reflecting back and forth inside the light-tight casing to be received by the signal receiver to influence the signal receiver on receiving the interference fringe pattern.
The iris identification method based on digital holography adopts the iris identification device based on digital holography, and comprises the following processes:
the light beam emitted by the infrared laser reaches the beam splitter I and then is divided into two beams, namely a reference beam and an object beam;
the reference beam passes through the total reflection mirror, reflects the laser to the beam expanding mirror II, the laser is subjected to filtering processing through the pinhole filter II after being expanded, and the filtered laser passes through the lens II to enable the reference beam to become parallel light;
the object beam reaches a beam expander I, the laser beam is subjected to filtering processing through a pinhole filter I after being expanded, the filtered laser beam passes through a lens I, so that the object beam becomes parallel light, and the parallel light penetrates through a beam splitter II, then strikes the iris of the target to be detected, and is reflected by the iris of the target to be detected;
the object beam is reflected by the beam splitter II to reach the beam splitter III, the object beam and the reference beam form an infrared holographic interference pattern on the beam splitter III, and the infrared holographic interference pattern is received and recorded by a signal receiver and then transmitted to a computer for storage and reproduction, so that a hologram containing the distribution condition of iris textures of a target to be detected is recorded; and carrying out image restoration processing on the two acquired target holograms, further carrying out image processing on the two restored iris texture distribution maps to obtain the similarity ratio of the irises, and automatically judging whether the two irises are matched according to the ratio to achieve the aim of iris recognition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method divides infrared light into two beams, wherein one beam is used as an object beam and irradiates the iris of a target to be detected, and H-O combination in water molecules can absorb infrared light with a plurality of specific wavelengths, so that the infrared light with the central wavelength as the section is avoided as much as possible, the infrared light which is difficult to absorb and has a slightly longer wavelength is preferably selected, the longer the infrared wavelength is, the lower the requirement on the environmental stability is, and the damage to the detected object is avoided in the detection process.
The total optical path of the experimental optical path can be reduced as much as possible, and the condition that the experimental result is not obvious due to overlarge loss of infrared light in the transmission process is avoided.
The infrared object beam and the infrared reference beam are parallel light after beam expansion, and the maximum difference value of the optical paths of the infrared object beam and the infrared reference beam needs to be within the coherence length range of the laser used by the device.
In the process of building the light path, because infrared is invisible, the light combining prism can be used for fitting infrared light and visible light in the process of building the light path, and the problem of detection increase caused by invisible infrared is solved.
The infrared laser is used as the detection light source, and the single-pulse infrared laser can be selected as the detection light source on the premise of higher stability requirement, so that a better detection effect is achieved.
The signal receiver uses the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor to receive the infrared hologram, the sensitivity of the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor is selected to be matched with the power of the infrared laser, and the sensing waveband of the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor is matched with the wavelength of the infrared laser, namely the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor can sense the waveband of the selected infrared laser wavelength, so that a good imaging effect is achieved.
The computer can carry out filtering processing on the infrared hologram received by the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor, redisplay the processed hologram and carry out subsequent image processing so as to realize the aim of iris recognition.
According to the invention, the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor is used for receiving the infrared hologram, the transmission rate of the image unit of the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor is as high as possible, the shutter speed is improved, the time for acquiring an image is shorter, errors caused by micro movement of a human body during shooting are reduced, and the stability of the device is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention applies the infrared digital holographic technology to iris recognition, compared with the traditional method of directly utilizing an infrared camera to collect iris patterns, the measurement precision directly reaches the infrared wavelength level due to the introduction of the holographic method, and the iris recognition precision is greatly improved.
(2) The invention applies the infrared digital holographic technology to iris recognition, compared with the traditional method of directly utilizing an infrared camera to collect iris patterns, the iris recognition technology has very strict requirements on the environment, and the wavelength of the infrared light wave adopted by the invention is longer, so that the whole iris recognition system can realize the collection and recognition of the iris under a larger vibration amplitude, and the requirement of the system on the environment stability is reduced.
(3) Compared with the traditional method of directly utilizing an infrared camera to collect iris patterns, the iris recognition device and the iris recognition method have the advantages that the infrared digital holographic technology is applied to iris recognition, and the penetration of infrared light is far stronger than that of visible light, so that the iris patterns of the target collected by the iris recognition device and the iris recognition method are clearer, and the reliability of recognition results is higher.
(4) The infrared holographic experiment method can obtain the three-dimensional information of the target body by utilizing the holographic method, the obtained experiment image contains the strength and phase information of the target body, compared with the original identification method, the method has more information, the collected three-dimensional information can introduce the stereoscopic depth of field identification effect, and the precision of the whole identification process is higher.
(5) According to the iris identification method based on digital holography, the infrared holographic experiment light path can greatly avoid the absorption of moisture to infrared light, the external influence is avoided, and the accuracy of experiment data is improved.
(6) According to the iris recognition device based on digital holography, the single pulse laser and the infrared focal plane array imaging sensor with higher sensitivity are used, the image quality can be greatly improved, a human body still has micro vibration during shooting, clear images are difficult to acquire through common infrared shooting, the stability of equipment is effectively improved, and iris data with higher quality can be acquired.
(7) According to the iris recognition device based on digital holography, the whole device is protected and fixed by the light-tight shell, the inner side of the side wall of the used light-tight shell is pure black, and only one round hole is reserved on the device so that a person to be detected can place eyes conveniently, interference of visible light is avoided, and iris recognition accuracy is improved.
(8) According to the iris recognition device based on digital holography, the wavelength of infrared light allowed to pass through the infrared window is the same as that of the infrared laser, and according to the characteristic that the infrared window penetrates through a single wavelength, except that the infrared light with the same wavelength as that of the laser in the device can enter the device, light with other wavelengths cannot enter the device, so that the interference of external stray light on device recognition can be effectively reduced, and the noise in the recognition process is greatly reduced.
(9) The iris identification method based on digital holography adopts an image processing method to process an initial iris infrared hologram and an iris infrared hologram to be identified, takes the number of pixel points as a basic unit of the displacement of the fringe, combines the size of the pixel points, can quickly calculate the difference of the two holograms, and obtains the similarity of the two irises according to the difference of the holograms so as to achieve the aim of iris identification; compared with the existing iris recognition algorithm, the method has the advantages of small operand and high recognition efficiency.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention:
in the figure: the system comprises an infrared laser 1, a beam splitter 2, a beam splitter I3, a total reflection mirror 4, a beam splitter I5, a beam splitter II 6, a pinhole filter I7, a pinhole filter II 8, a lens I9, a lens II 10, a beam splitter II 11, a beam splitter III 12, a signal receiver 13, an infrared window 13, a light-tight shell 14, a computer 15 and an iris 16 of a target to be detected.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a light-tight enclosure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an example of an infrared hologram of a target sphere recorded by actual shooting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an iris image according to the present invention. The dark area in the center of the image is the pupil, the textured area slightly outside is the iris, and the milky white area on the outermost layer is the sclera.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an iris identification device based on digital holography comprises an infrared laser 1, a beam splitter I2, a total reflection mirror 3, a beam expander I4, a beam expander ii 5, a pinhole filter I6, a pinhole filter ii 7, a lens I8, a lens ii 9, a beam splitter ii 10, a beam splitter iii 11, a signal receiver 12, a computer 15 and a target iris 16, wherein the signal receiver is arranged inside a light-tight shell 14, an infrared window 13 is fixed at a pinhole of the light-tight shell 14, the computer 15 and the target iris 16 are arranged outside the light-tight shell, and the computer 15 is connected with an infrared focal plane array imaging sensor through a data cable;
in this embodiment, the lens I8 and the lens ii 9 are germanium lenses; the beam splitter I2, the beam splitter II 10 and the beam splitter III 11 are germanium beam splitters; the beam expander I4 and the beam expander II 5 are germanium beam expanders.
In this embodiment, the infrared laser 1 selects an infrared laser with a central wavelength of 2200nm that is not easily absorbed by moisture, and the attenuation effect of the infrared laser beam at this wavelength in the air is weak, so that the infrared laser beam can be prevented from being attenuated too fast in the air, and the laser power is less than 5 mw; the He-Ne laser is a visible light laser with the wavelength of 632.8nm and is used for guiding an infrared light path when equipment is debugged.
The sensitivity of the signal receiver 12 is selected to match the power of the infrared laser 1, and the sensing waveband of the signal receiver needs to match the wavelength of the infrared laser 1, that is, the sensing waveband can sense the selected waveband of the wavelength of the infrared laser 1, so as to achieve a better imaging effect. The infrared focal plane array imaging sensor converts the received optical signals into electrical signals, and then transmits the electrical signals to the computer 15 for storage and data processing.
The infrared laser 1 emits an infrared beam having a center wavelength of 2200nm, and the pitch and direction of the infrared laser 1 are adjusted so that the beam is kept horizontal to the optical axis.
As shown in fig. 3, in the using process: the infrared laser 1 is turned on, laser emitted by the laser reaches a beam splitter I2, light is divided into two beams, one beam of light is reflected to reach a beam splitter I4, is filtered by a pinhole filter I6 and then is collimated into parallel laser beams by a lens I8, the parallel laser beams are transmitted by a beam splitter II 10, then irradiate the iris 16 of a target to be measured, are reflected by the iris to reach the beam splitter II 10, and then are reflected by the beam splitter II 10 to reach a beam splitter III 11, and the light beams are called object light beams; the other beam of light is transmitted to the total reflection mirror 3 through the beam splitter I2, the reflected light is expanded through the beam expander II 5, the expanded light is filtered by the pinhole filter II 7 and then collimated into a parallel laser beam through the lens II 9, the parallel laser beam directly reaches the beam splitter III 11, and the beam is called as a reference beam; the object beam and the reference beam reach the signal receiver 12 together under the action of the beam splitter III 11, holographic interference fringes for interference of the reference beam are formed, and interference information is transmitted to the computer 15 for storage and reproduction. After the detection light path is arranged, the infrared laser 1 is opened, and the placed iris 16 of the target to be detected is shot; firstly, shooting an infrared holographic interference pattern of a target iris as database information, recording the infrared holographic interference pattern as a first pattern, replacing the target iris to be detected, and then shooting an infrared holographic pattern of the target iris to be detected, as shown in a second pattern, as information to be identified, as shown in a figure 4; and carrying out image restoration processing on the two acquired target holograms, further carrying out image processing on the two restored iris texture distribution maps to obtain the similarity ratio of the irises, and automatically judging whether the two irises are matched according to the ratio to achieve the aim of iris recognition.
As shown in fig. 5, the figure is an example image of an iris shot by an infrared device, and the structure of the whole eyeball can be clearly distinguished: the dark area in the center of the image is the pupil, the textured area slightly outside is the iris, and the milky white area on the outermost layer is the sclera. The texture-like region is effective information to be extracted in the image processing, and each individual has its special texture feature, which is also the key to realize iris recognition.
When the infrared hologram is shot, the included angle of the reference light, namely the left and right directions of the beam splitter III 11, and the light intensity ratio of the reference light should be adjusted to be proper, so that the best effect hologram is ensured.
The resulting hologram is first smoothed. The high-frequency part of the hologram is eliminated by a smooth filtering method of mean filtering or frequency domain filtering, noise is a high-frequency component, an expected result can be achieved by using a low-pass filter, and the method can achieve the denoising processing of the image. The noise component of the image is greatly filtered by smoothing the edges caused by the iris and other high-frequency interference in the hologram. The principle of the mean filtering is to make convolution operation on all pixel points on the image and a filtering template, and replace the average value of all pixels in the template after the operation with the pixel value of the original single pixel point. The larger the template is, the smoother the processed image is, and the high-frequency part can be effectively filtered out, but the image edge becomes fuzzy due to the overlarge template, and the convolution operation time is obviously increased due to the fact that the template is enlarged. The following are two common mean processing templates:
(a)3 × 3 filtering template (b) m × n filtering template
And then, carrying out binarization processing on the smoothed image. The binarization is to convert a color image or a gray image into a black-and-white image, and after binarization processing, the outline and the boundary of the image can be more highlighted, a large amount of useless information is weakened, and the image information amount is reduced. A method of global threshold binarization or local binarization threshold can be selected, the selection of a proper threshold is the key of image binarization, the value of the threshold determines the range of an edge, and the accuracy of experimental processing is related. The infrared shooting avoids the interference of other light rays, so that the same threshold value can be selected as much as possible to reduce errors when the threshold value is selected.
And carrying out certain normalization processing on the image after the binarization processing.
And carrying out image enhancement on the normalized image. The normalized image has less obvious texture features, and in order to enhance texture information and weaken interference information, the image is enhanced, the detailed part is more obvious, so that a better target image is provided for the subtraction of the subsequent image, and a high-pass filter is a more typical image enhancement measure. The following are commonly used high pass filter templates:
the model of the infrared laser 1 in this embodiment is: MW-IR-2200/1-500 MW, the center wavelength of the infrared laser is 2200nm, and the power is adjustable; the signal receiver 12 is of the type: cube 817; the lens is a glass lens, the beam splitters are glass beam splitters, the beam expanders are glass beam expanders, and the total reflection mirror is a glass total reflection mirror.
Example 2
The structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, but the target iris of the embodiment 1 is replaced by a sphere similar to the environment of the iris, and the function realization of the whole device is not influenced.
The specific identification steps are as follows:
step 1: and (3) opening the infrared laser 1, collecting the infrared holographic fringes of the target sphere generated on the beam splitter III 11 by using a CCD image sensor after the infrared holographic fringes are stabilized, and storing the collected interference pattern in a computer, wherein the interference pattern is marked as a first image.
Step 2: and replacing the target sphere to be detected, collecting the infrared holographic fringes of the target sphere generated on the beam splitter III 11 by using a CCD image sensor after the target sphere to be detected is stabilized, and storing the collected interference pattern in a computer, wherein the collected interference pattern is marked as a second image.
And step 3: and carrying out a series of algorithm processing such as filtering, binaryzation, enhancement and the like on the two acquired holographic interferograms by using MATLAB to obtain clearer and denoised interferograms.
And 4, step 4: and (4) performing image restoration processing on the denoised and enhanced holographic interference images of the image I and the image II, and respectively extracting parts required by identification, wherein the parts are marked as an image III and an image IV.
And 5: and programming the third graph and the fourth graph on MATLAB for further image processing to obtain different parts of the two graphs, and marking the parts as the fifth graph.
Step 6: and (4) performing image processing algorithm operation on the fifth graph and the third graph on MATLAB to obtain the ratio of the target spheres occupied by different parts, namely the difference rate of the two graphs, so that the two spheres can be judged to be the same or different according to the ratio.
Fig. 4 is an example of an infrared hologram of a target sphere recorded by actual shooting in the embodiment of the present invention.
The steps 3 to 6 are implemented by running a self-programming program in the computer 15, and the embodiment 1 of the specific implementation method has already been described, so that the description is not repeated.
Example 3
The present embodiment has the same structure as embodiment 1, but differs from embodiment 1 in that the target iris in embodiment 1 is replaced with a palm print having texture information, without affecting the function of the entire device.
The embodiment is different from the existing fingerprint identification method, the texture information of the whole palm can be collected by utilizing a holographic means, the intensity and the phase information of the texture are included, and the accuracy, the reliability and the like of palm print identification are greatly improved by the method.
The specific identification steps are as follows:
step 1: and (3) opening the infrared laser 1, collecting the palm print infrared holographic fringes generated on the beam splitter III 11 by using a CCD image sensor after stabilization, and storing the collected interference pattern in a computer, and recording as a first image.
Step 2: and replacing the palm print to be detected, collecting the infrared holographic fringes of the palm print generated on the beam splitter III 11 by using a CCD image sensor after the palm print to be detected is stabilized, and storing the collected interference pattern in a computer, and recording the interference pattern as a second image.
And step 3: and carrying out a series of algorithm processing such as filtering, binaryzation, enhancement and the like on the two acquired holographic interferograms by using MATLAB to obtain clearer and denoised interferograms.
And 4, step 4: and (4) performing image restoration processing on the denoised and enhanced holographic interference images of the image I and the image II, and respectively extracting parts required by identification, wherein the parts are marked as an image III and an image IV.
And 5: and programming the third graph and the fourth graph on MATLAB for further image processing to obtain different parts of the two graphs, and marking the parts as the fifth graph.
Step 6: the image processing algorithm operation is carried out on the graph five and the graph three on MATLAB, the ratio of the target palm print occupied by different parts, namely the difference rate of the two graphs can be obtained, and the two palm prints can be judged to be the same or different according to the ratio.
The steps 3 to 6 are implemented by running a self-programming program in the computer 15, and the embodiment 1 of the specific implementation method has already been described, so that the description is not repeated.
Claims (8)
1. An iris recognition device based on digital holography is characterized in that: the device comprises the following components: the device comprises an infrared laser (1), a beam splitter I (2), a total reflection mirror (3), a beam expander I (4), a beam expander II (5), a pinhole filter I (6), a pinhole filter II (7), a lens I (8), a lens II (9), a beam splitter II (10), a beam splitter III (11), a signal receiver (12), an infrared window (13), a light-tight shell (14), a computer (15) and a target iris (16) to be detected;
the components within the light-tight enclosure (14) are arranged along the following light paths:
a beam splitter I (2) is arranged on a light path of a laser beam emitted by the infrared laser (1), and the beam splitter I (2) divides the laser beam into two beams, namely a reference beam and an object beam;
a total reflection mirror (3), a beam expanding mirror II (5), a pinhole filter II (7) and a lens II (9) are sequentially arranged on the light path of the reference beam, so that the laser beam becomes parallel light; the light path of the parallel light; the beam splitter III (11) is arranged, two light paths are formed after the beam splitter III (11) is split, one light path is provided with a beam splitter II (10), and the other light path is provided with a signal receiver (12);
a beam expander I (4), a pinhole filter I (6) and a lens I (8) are sequentially arranged on the light path of the object beam, so that the laser beam becomes parallel light, a beam splitter II (10) is arranged on the light path of the parallel light, the beam splitting of the beam splitter II (10) is carried out by two light paths, one light path is provided with an infrared window (13), and the iris (16) of the target to be detected is positioned outside the infrared window (13); the other light path passes through a beam splitter III (11);
the object beam is reflected by the iris (16) of the target to be measured, the beam splitter II (10), the beam splitter III (11) and the signal receiver (12) are sequentially arranged on the reflection light path, and the signal receiver (12) is connected with a computer (15) outside the light-tight shell (14).
2. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the infrared laser (1) is invisible infrared light which does not stimulate eyes and is used as identification light.
3. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lens I (8) and the lens II (9) are any one of germanium lenses, silicon lenses or glass lenses.
4. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the beam splitter I (2) and the beam splitter II (10) are any one of a germanium beam splitter, a silicon beam splitter or a glass beam splitter.
5. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the beam expander I (4) and the beam expander II (5) are germanium beam expanders, silicon beam expanders or glass beam expanders.
6. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the signal receiver (12) is an infrared focal plane array detector or a CCD image sensor with an induction wave band containing a wavelength wave band of an infrared laser (1).
7. The iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the infrared window (13) allows the infrared light to pass through the wavelength same as that of the infrared laser (1), and the parameters of the infrared window (13) are matched with those of the infrared laser (1).
8. An iris identification method based on digital holography is characterized in that: the iris recognition apparatus based on digital holography as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the processes of:
the light beam emitted by the infrared laser (1) reaches the beam splitter I (2) and then is divided into two beams, namely a reference beam and an object beam;
the reference beam passes through the total reflection mirror (3) and reflects the laser to the beam expanding mirror II (5), the laser is subjected to filtering processing through the pinhole filter II (7) after being expanded, and the filtered laser passes through the lens II (9) to enable the reference beam to become parallel light;
the object beam reaches a beam expander I (4), the laser beam is expanded and then is filtered by a pinhole filter I (6), the filtered laser beam passes through a lens I (8) to be converted into parallel light, and the parallel light passes through a beam splitter II (10), then is irradiated onto the iris (16) of the target to be detected and is reflected by the iris (16) of the target to be detected;
the object beam is reflected by the beam splitter II (10) to reach the beam splitter III (11), the object beam and the reference beam form an infrared holographic interference pattern on the beam splitter III (11), and the infrared holographic interference pattern is received and recorded by the signal receiver (12) and then transmitted to the computer (15) for storage and reproduction, so that a hologram containing texture distribution conditions of the iris (16) of the target to be detected is recorded; and carrying out image restoration processing on the two acquired target holograms, further carrying out image processing on the two restored iris texture distribution maps to obtain the similarity ratio of the irises, and automatically judging whether the two irises are matched according to the ratio to achieve the aim of iris recognition.
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| CN202111218984.7A CN113936330A (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2021-10-20 | Iris recognition device and method based on digital holography |
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