CN113936265A - Parking space automatic identification method based on building general plane positioning diagram - Google Patents
Parking space automatic identification method based on building general plane positioning diagram Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parking space automatic identification method based on a building general plane positioning diagram, which comprises the following steps: step S1: acquiring all characters on the general plane positioning diagram, and traversing and finding a character string containing the beginning of the letter P; step S2: searching whether a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist in a certain range by taking the center of the character string as an origin, if so, always finding out that the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the same group do not have adjacent rectangular outlines, and executing step S3, otherwise, stopping searching; step S3: and positioning the layer where the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines are located, traversing and finding out other plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the layer, and marking all the rectangular outlines as the identified parking spaces. The recognition method can improve the modeling precision and the visualization degree of the urban parking space model, has small calculated amount, and is particularly suitable for automatic batch recognition of the parking spaces in the general plane positioning diagram.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building information modeling, and particularly relates to a parking space automatic identification method based on a building general plane positioning diagram for BIM three-dimensional modeling.
Background
The construction professional design drawing mainly refers to a general plan view, a single building plan view, an elevation view, a section view and a detailed building view of a building in a residential area of a city. Wherein, the general plane diagram also comprises the information of the terrain and the geographic entities in the urban residential area; measurement coordinate (or location size) information for field range; position information of road red lines, land red lines, building control lines, and the like; information of positions (main coordinates, positioning sizes) of green belts, original four-adjacent places of the site, planned roads and the like; names, locations, number of floors of main buildings, structures, underground buildings, etc.; names or numbers, number of layers, and locations (coordinates or correlation dimensions) of buildings and structures (hidden works such as civil air defense works, water storage tanks, oil reservoirs, and underground garages are shown by dotted lines); positioning information of squares, sports grounds, parking lots, enclosing walls, roads, barrier-free facilities, retaining walls, drainage ditches, slope protection, and the like. At present, construction engineering construction sites.
At present, a CAD technology-based method is mostly used for field layout modeling of construction engineering construction sites, so that a three-dimensional model is established in BIM software based on a general plane location diagram, but because facilities such as parking lots, buildings, enclosing walls, roads, greening and the like exist in the general plane diagram, the number of artificial terrains to be expressed in residential areas is large, the microscopic terrains are complex, the large-scale urban model is difficult to express in detail, and the microscopic geographic entity model is lack of boundary expression of various geographic entity models. Therefore, the refined model design and the microscopic terrain expression of the urban residential area are important contents of the three-dimensional modeling of the residential area, and the precision and the speed of the three-dimensional modeling can be improved only by performing targeted identification on various main objects. The parking space is used as one of common objects of a total plane positioning diagram and a BIM model of a residential area, and the accuracy of identification and modeling can effectively reflect the modeling precision and the specific visualization degree of the whole BIM three-dimensional model. In the prior art, no method for accurately identifying and modeling parking spaces in a parking lot in a general plan positioning diagram has been found.
Therefore, in view of the defects of the prior art, it is urgently needed to design an automatic parking space identification method based on a building total plane positioning diagram so as to improve the modeling precision and the visualization degree of a BIM three-dimensional model in areas such as residential areas.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Based on the above, the invention provides the parking space automatic identification method based on the building total plane positioning diagram, which can improve the modeling precision and the visualization degree of the urban building three-dimensional model, has small calculation amount, is particularly suitable for batch automatic identification of parking spaces in the total plane positioning diagram (namely the building total plane positioning diagram), and can identify and classify the parking spaces and parking lots with obvious characteristics in advance, thereby laying a good digital foundation for the subsequent three-dimensional modeling work of building models in other residential areas.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an automatic parking space identification method based on a building general plane positioning diagram, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, acquiring all characters on the general plane location graph, and traversing and searching character strings containing the beginning of the letter P;
step S2, using the center of the character string as an origin to search whether a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist in a certain range, if so, finding the end parts of the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the same group till no adjacent rectangular outline exists, and executing step S3, if not, stopping searching;
and S3, positioning the layer where the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines are located, traversing and finding out other plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the layer, and marking all the rectangular outlines as recognized parking spaces one by one.
Preferably, the parking space automatic identification method further includes:
step S4, rendering the recognized parking space to obtain a three-dimensional model of the parking space
Preferably, the certain range setting in step S2 is specifically within a 20m circumferential range.
Preferably, the rectangular profile is a closed quadrilateral having an area substantially equal to the area of a standard parking space, and the short sides of the closed quadrilateral can be irregular arc-shaped sides.
Preferably, the number of the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines may be specifically 2 or more.
Preferably, step S3 further includes: and classifying all the identified parking spaces into the same data set, and calculating the total number of elements of the parking spaces in the data set.
Preferably, step S4 further includes: and performing automatic operation on each rectangular outline to form a completely contained inner quadrangle, wherein each sideline corresponding to the inner quadrangle and the rectangular outline is parallel to each other, and performing processing rendering based on contrast colors on inner and outer spaces of all the inner quadrangles so as to display the outline of each parking space.
Preferably, the shortest distance between the inner quadrangle and the side line of the rectangular outline is 0.5 m.
In another aspect, the present invention further discloses a parking space automatic identification system based on the building general plane location diagram, including:
at least one processor; and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the parking space automatic identification method based on the building overall plan positioning diagram according to any one of the above items.
In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the parking space automatic identification method based on the building overall plan location map according to any one of the above embodiments.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the parking space automatic identification method based on the building general plane positioning diagram has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the parking space automatic identification and rendering modeling method utilizes the naming rule of the parking space, the distribution characteristics of the graph layer graph and the drawing rule of continuous drawing of the rectangular parking space to automatically identify and render and model the parking space, has small overall calculated amount, and is particularly suitable for CAD graphs such as general plane positioning graphs and the like.
(2) The automatic identification method can ensure the accuracy and rapidity of automatic identification work of the parking space through multi-layer verification.
(3) After the automatic identification method identifies and classifies the parking spaces of the relatively simple rectangular graphs in the general plane positioning diagram, all data sets representing the parking spaces can be removed in batches, so that buildings such as buildings in the general plane positioning diagram are continuously identified and modeled, and the calculation amount and data interference of subsequent identification and modeling work are reduced.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a general plan positioning view;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a parking space automatic identification method based on a general plane positioning diagram of a building according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layer in FIG. 1 where the parking space is located;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the parking space of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a parking space extraction effect diagram after the automatic parking space identification method based on the building general plane positioning diagram is used;
FIG. 6 is a 3D rendering effect diagram after rendering the parking space in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a general schematic of a three-dimensional model with 3D rendered parking spaces; .
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the general plan view of the building information with parking spaces, landscapes, buildings, streets, public facilities, etc. takes into account that the general plan view of such residential areas expresses many artificial terrains and complex microscopic terrains, so that it is necessary to perform effective identification and extraction on various building models in batches according to the characteristics of the building models, and then the various building models in the general plan view are extracted and rendered in sequence to complete three-dimensional modeling.
In order to solve the problem of automatic and batch identification of parking spaces in the general plan positioning diagram as shown in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2, the invention designs a parking space automatic identification method based on a building general plan positioning diagram, and the parking space automatic identification method comprises the following steps of S1-S4:
step S1, acquiring all characters on the general plane location graph, and traversing and searching character strings containing the beginning of the letter P;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the parking space is drawn, at least the mark of the parking space is generally marked inside or around the parking space outline, and the mark of the character is generally distinguished by the beginning of the letter P and the number, i.e. in the form of P, such as P16 or P24. The total amount of characters in the building total plane location graph is not large, so that the time is not too long even all the characters in one-time graph are traversed, the parking space is preliminarily located by taking the characters in the form of P as the starting points, unnecessary workload can be reduced, the searching time can be shortened, the calculation time for executing the character string matching of the step S1 in the complex total plane location graph is short, and the calculation time only needs 1 millisecond for a graphic processing computer with a 32G memory.
Step S2, using the center of the character string as an origin to search whether a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist in a certain range, if so, finding the end parts of the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the same group till no adjacent rectangular outline exists, and executing step S3, if not, stopping searching;
after finding the character string expressed in the form of P in step S1, it is further necessary to confirm whether the graphic indicated by the character is a parking space, and since the requirement for drawing a parking space is not strict, it is only generally required to mark at least one mark of a parking space inside, on or around the parking space outline to indicate that a parking space or a parking lot exists nearby, in order to more accurately identify all parking spaces, especially in the case of a parking space as shown in the top left corner P16 in fig. 3, it is necessary to find whether a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist within a certain range, the certain range may be set within a circumference range of 20m, where 20m is an actual range after considering a scale, and may be flexibly configured according to different drawings, because in the process of finding adjacent rectangular outlines, perhaps beyond this 20m circumferential extent. After a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines are found in the circumference range of 20m, the condition of parking space configuration is met, at the moment, the finding is continued until no adjacent rectangular parking spaces exist at the end parts of the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the same group, wherein the adjacent rectangular outlines are obviously shared, and thus parking spaces which belong to the same group and are continuously and transversely arranged or continuously and longitudinally arranged can be found. If no adjacent and continuous rectangular outlines are found in step S2, it can be determined that the P-type character string may refer to other building components instead of a parking space, and then the search can be stopped to search for adjacent rectangular outlines from the next character string matching P-type to reduce unnecessary calculation amount;
it should be noted that the rectangular outline is not a strict rectangular outline (which may be a rectangular outline conforming to a fixed length-width ratio of a parking space, a general standard rectangular parking space has a width of 2.6-3m and a length of 5.3m), and may be a closed quadrangle with an area substantially equal to the standard parking space, for example, when the difference between the area of the closed quadrangle and the area of the standard parking space is within 1/5 of the area of the standard parking space, the area is substantially equal, and the closed quadrangle is determined to be a rectangular outline conforming to the requirement, and the short side of the closed quadrangle may be an irregular arc side. Therefore, the method can identify a plurality of adjacent rectangles shown in fig. 4, and can also effectively identify turning parking spaces with arc-shaped edges or special-shaped parking spaces, and turning parking spaces are arranged at the curve shown in fig. 6; in addition, since parking spaces in the CAD drawing are generally drawn in clusters, few adjacent parking spaces below two which are individually set exist, and even if there is a CAD drawing, they are not drawn, so that the number of adjacent rectangular outlines recognized in a certain range for the first time can be specifically set to 2 or more.
S3, positioning the layer where the adjacent rectangular outlines are located, traversing and searching other adjacent rectangular outlines in the layer, and marking all the rectangular outlines as recognized parking spaces one by one;
after identifying that a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist around the mark of the character string in the form of P, the rectangular outline can be confirmed to be a parking space, but considering that a drawing person may not make the mark in the form of P at some places where the plurality of adjacent parking spaces are drawn, the method based on the steps S1-S2 cannot identify the parking spaces, so that other parking spaces need to be further identified based on the parking spaces already confirmed in the steps S1-S2, considering that in a drawing rule, the parking spaces or all parking spaces in the same layer are generally drawn in the same layer, so that the layer in which the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines are located is defined as a parking space layer, generally the layer only has a small number of patterns such as parking spaces, specifically referring to FIG. 3, so that other plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines can be searched in a whole map in the parking space layer, all the rectangular outlines are marked as recognized parking spaces one by one, so that not only can other parking spaces without character marks be found, but also unnecessary figure identification calculation amount can be reduced, and because other interfering closed figures are greatly reduced when the rectangular outlines in the parking bitmap layer are traversed generally.
As shown in fig. 5, that is, the parking space extraction effect map after the parking space automatic identification method based on the building total plan location map is used in the present invention, the data sets of all the identified parking spaces can be obtained after step S3. At this time, since the parking spaces in the same position and layer are only marked once in the data set, all the recognized parking spaces can be automatically counted, so that the total number of the parking spaces in the data set is obtained.
And step S4, rendering the recognized parking space to obtain a three-dimensional model of the parking space.
After all the rectangular parking spaces are identified, the fact that the parking spaces are not directly displayed in the three-dimensional model is considered, although the plane configuration of the parking spaces is only displayed, the lines of the rectangular outlines in the CAD drawings are thin, the outlines of the parking spaces and the number of all the parking spaces cannot be displayed when the rectangular outlines are directly placed in the three-dimensional model, and therefore each identified parking space needs to be rendered, and the parking spaces can be normally displayed in the three-dimensional model.
Further, in order to obtain the rendering display effect as shown in fig. 6-7, each rectangle contour is automatically made into an inner quadrangle completely contained, each side line corresponding to the inner quadrangle and the rectangle contour is parallel, the shortest distance between the corresponding side lines of the inner quadrangle and the rectangle contour may preferably be about 1/10 of the longest side line of the rectangle contour, for example, 0.5 meter (the parking space is generally 5.3 meters in length), and certainly, since some drawings are not labeled with distances, the value of the shortest distance between the corresponding side lines can be placed at the background and flexibly configured according to the drawings; and then performing processing rendering on the inner space and the outer space of all the inner quadrangles, such as: and automatically whitewashing the space range between the inner quadrangle and the rectangle outline, and automatically red in all the inner quadrangles to form the outline of the parking space displayed in contrast color, so that the three-dimensional rendering display of each parking space in the three-dimensional model is finally carried out as shown in figures 6 and 7, and the visualization degree and the recognition accuracy are enhanced.
The parking space automatic identification method utilizes the naming rule of the parking space, the distribution characteristics of the graph layer graph and the drawing rule of continuous drawing of the rectangular parking space to automatically identify and render and model the parking space, has small total calculated amount, and is particularly suitable for CAD graphs such as general plane positioning graphs and the like. The method can be independently used for parking space extraction and modeling of the general plane positioning diagram; for example, after the method of the present invention is used for identifying and classifying the parking spaces of relatively simple rectangular graphs in the general plane positioning diagram, all the data sets of the parking spaces are removed to continuously identify and model the building, so that the calculated amount and the data interference of the subsequent identification and modeling work can be reduced after the parking spaces are extracted.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative components and method steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention. The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A parking space automatic identification method based on a building general plane positioning diagram is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: acquiring all characters on the general plane positioning diagram, and traversing and finding a character string containing the beginning of the letter P;
step S2: searching whether a plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines exist or not within a certain range by taking the center of the character string as an origin, if so, always finding the end parts of the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the same group until no adjacent rectangular outline exists, and executing step S3, otherwise, stopping searching;
step S3: and positioning the layer where the plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines are located, traversing and searching other plurality of adjacent rectangular outlines in the layer, and marking all the rectangular outlines as the identified parking spaces one by one.
2. The method for automatically identifying a parking space based on the general building plan view of claim 1, further comprising:
step S4: and rendering the identified parking space to obtain a three-dimensional model of the parking space.
3. The method for automatically identifying a parking space based on a general building plan according to claim 1, wherein the certain range setting in step S2 is specifically within a circumferential range of 20 m.
4. The method for automatically identifying parking spaces based on the general building plan layout as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rectangular outline is a closed quadrangle with an area size substantially equal to that of a standard parking space, and the short sides of the closed quadrangle can be irregular arc-shaped sides.
5. The method for automatically identifying a parking space based on a general building plan view according to claim 1, wherein the number of the adjacent rectangular outlines is more than 2.
6. The method for automatically identifying parking spaces based on the general floor plan of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S3 further comprises: and classifying all the identified parking spaces into the same data set, and calculating the total number of elements of the parking spaces in the data set.
7. The method for automatically identifying parking spaces based on the general floor plan of a building as claimed in claim 2, wherein step S4 further comprises: and performing automatic operation on each rectangular outline to form a completely contained inner quadrangle, wherein each sideline corresponding to the inner quadrangle and the rectangular outline is parallel to each other, and performing processing rendering based on contrast colors on inner and outer spaces of all the inner quadrangles so as to display the outline of each parking space.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the shortest distance between the inner quadrilateral and the side line of the rectangular outline is 0.5 m.
9. A parking space automatic identification system based on a building general plane location chart is characterized by comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein:
the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the parking space automatic identification method based on the building overall plan location diagram according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for parking space automatic identification based on building map according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114155716A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市金蚁云数字科技有限公司 | Parking space management method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN114648546A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-21 | 深圳小库科技有限公司 | Building configuration scheme determination method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
-
2021
- 2021-09-08 CN CN202111058781.6A patent/CN113936265A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114155716A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市金蚁云数字科技有限公司 | Parking space management method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN114648546A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-21 | 深圳小库科技有限公司 | Building configuration scheme determination method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114648546B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-29 | 深圳小库科技有限公司 | Building configuration scheme determination method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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