CN113933932A - Multilayer waveguide route switching design method based on directional coupling - Google Patents
Multilayer waveguide route switching design method based on directional coupling Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12002—Three-dimensional structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
- H04J14/0254—Optical medium access
- H04J14/0267—Optical signaling or routing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12147—Coupler
Abstract
A multilayer waveguide route exchange design method based on directional coupling is characterized in that a plurality of waveguides are respectively positioned on a plurality of waveguide layers, the structure size of each waveguide core layer and the relative position between the waveguides are controlled, the core layer structure size of a waveguide coupling region is the same so as to meet phase matching conditions, the waveguide interval at the coupling region is smaller so as to have coupling effect, and the length of the coupling region is adjusted according to the coupling interval so as to realize efficient coupling between the waveguides. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, a multilayer waveguide structure is designed, the corresponding matched structure sizes of the waveguides in the waveguide structure are equal, and the loss is less during energy coupling conversion in an optical path while the phase matching condition is met; by controlling the structural size, the spacing distance and the coupling region length of the waveguide, the multilayer waveguide structure can be flexibly wired to meet different requirements; and the waveguides in the multilayer waveguide structure are arranged in multiple layers, the processing technology is simple, and the processing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical waveguides, in particular to a multilayer waveguide route switching design method based on directional coupling.
Background
In terms of signal conversion between multilayer waveguides, there are documents that use microring resonators for modulation filtering, wavelength division multiplexing, filtering devices, and mode division multiplexing of signals. As shown in fig. 1, in the micro-ring resonator, the phase matching condition is controlled by controlling the radius of the micro-ring, and light satisfying the phase matching condition is coupled into another waveguide path for transmission. The micro-ring resonator is divided into two types, wherein one type is that the micro-ring and the trunk waveguide are positioned on the same plane, and the other type is that the micro-ring and the trunk waveguide are positioned on two planes in the vertical direction. When the micro-ring is positioned in a multilayer waveguide structure with two planes in the vertical direction, signals are firstly coupled to the upper micro-ring from the lower branch waveguide and then coupled back to the lower trunk waveguide from the upper micro-ring for transmission, and the structure is complex in preparation process and difficult to process.
In the literature, "research on asymmetric directional couplers of polymer optical waveguides applied to mode division multiplexing", the university of electronic technology proposes a two-mode division multiplexer based on asymmetric directional coupling, in which two optical waveguides are placed in parallel in a plane, relevant parameters such as the structural size of the waveguides, adjustment of the waveguide spacing and the coupling length, and the like are selected based on a phase matching condition, and the modes participating in the directional coupling are separated and output. As shown in fig. 2, this solution has the advantages of relatively simple fabrication process of optical waveguide, high mode coupling efficiency, etc., but the structure can only be used on the same plane.
In the document "Mode multi/multiplexing with parallel waveguide Mode multiplexed transmission", 2014, university of hokkaido and japan mobile communications operator NTTDoCoMo proposed a three-Mode division multiplexing structure model based on asymmetric directional coupling technology, as shown in fig. 3, which is mainly studied to couple three modes into the same optical waveguide transmission channel for multi-Mode transmission by using two dimensions, horizontal and vertical. The technical scheme can realize the mode division multiplexing function of the three modes of the optical waveguide, but the coupling of the three modes of the optical waveguide is generated in three-dimensional dimension, the preparation process is complex, the requirement on the discharge precision of the position of the waveguide is high, and the mass production is difficult.
In the documents "Mode multiplexer based on interconnected horizontal and vertical polymer waveguide multiplexers" and "Compact three-dimensional polymer waveguide multiplexer", the method proposes an optical waveguide Mode division multiplexer based on asymmetric directional coupling technology at hong Kong City university, as shown in fig. 4, the method places three optical waveguides with identical structures in horizontal and vertical two dimensions, and performs Mode conversion by using the condition that the effective refractive indexes of the corresponding modes of the waveguides are equal (phase matching), so as to separate out different modes. Due to the existence of the optical waveguide in the vertical direction, the problem that precise alignment between the multiple layers of waveguides is difficult exists, and the preparation process is very complicated due to the fact that multiple times of spin coating of waveguide glue are needed.
The wavelength division multiplexing is also studied in the literature about energy directional coupling, and in the literature, "Silicon-based wavelength division multiplexing by multiplexing mode conversion in asymmetric directional couplers", as shown in fig. 5, the device schematic diagram of 4-wavelength division multiplexing is shown, 4 wavelengths are sequentially input from the left and then transferred into a trunk waveguide for transmission, the energy coupling among the wavelengths is in an inverted trapezoidal structure, and the transmitted light energy is directionally transferred when the phase matching condition is met.
In the document "Five-mode multiplexed based on shielded vertical directional couplers", as shown in fig. 6, spatially optically coupled devices also control different coupling region lengths to realize control of phase matching conditions, and finally realize mode division multiplexing and demultiplexing.
Disclosure of Invention
In the introduction of the above background art, the common feature of all optical waveguides is that the optical waveguide structures and sizes in the same device are different, and different phase matching conditions are achieved by using the different structure sizes, so as to achieve different requirements, and because these devices have specific phase matching conditions, the light which does not meet the conditions cannot complete the conversion of the optical path, when the optical path is converted, the light which does not meet the phase matching conditions is lost, and a large loss is introduced and cannot be used for optical path switching.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme. According to the multilayer waveguide route exchange design method based on directional coupling, a plurality of waveguides are respectively positioned on a plurality of waveguide layers, the structure size of each waveguide core layer and the relative position between the waveguides are controlled, so that the core layer structure size of a waveguide coupling region is the same to meet the phase matching condition, the waveguide interval at the coupling region is smaller to generate the coupling effect, and the length of the coupling region is adjusted according to the coupling interval, so that the waveguides can be efficiently coupled.
Further, by establishing a multilayer waveguide model and performing energy coupling simulation, the travel distance of the optical wave is determined to be the coupling length when the energy transmitted between the waveguides is completely converted or the conversion degree is maximized, the waveguide interval and the waveguide length of the coupling region capable of being efficiently coupled between the waveguides are determined, and the length of the coupling region is an odd multiple of the minimum coupling length when the waveguide optical path is wired.
Furthermore, the waveguides of each layer correspond to the waveguides of other layers one by one, and corresponding coupling regions are respectively formed between the middle layer waveguide and the corresponding upper layer waveguide and between the middle layer waveguide and the corresponding lower layer waveguide, so that optical signals are transmitted through the lower layer waveguide, the middle layer waveguide and the upper layer waveguide in sequence to realize routing exchange among the multiple layers of waveguides.
Furthermore, each layer is provided with one waveguide, the middle layer waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide are both linear waveguides, the lower part of one end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the lower layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion, and the upper part of the other end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the upper layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion.
Furthermore, each layer is provided with a plurality of waveguides, the middle layer waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide are all linear waveguides, the middle layer waveguide corresponds to the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide one to one, the lower part of one end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the lower layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion, and the upper part of the other end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the corresponding upper layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion.
Furthermore, two end parts of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line sections, the straight line sections are coupled with the corresponding linear waveguides, and the linear waveguides are parallel to each other in space, so that the two end parts of the S-shaped waveguide and the corresponding upper and lower layers of linear waveguides form a coupling area.
Furthermore, the sections of the linear waveguide and the S-shaped waveguide are both rectangular or square.
Further, among the waveguides in two adjacent layers, one of the layers has a plurality of waveguides, and two waveguides not adjacent in the layer are coupled with the same waveguide in the other layer.
Furthermore, in the waveguides of the adjacent layers, the upper layer waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, two ends of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one of the straight line segments is in matched coupling with one of the linear waveguides of the lower layer, and the other straight line segment is in matched coupling with the other linear waveguide of the lower layer.
Further, in the waveguides of the adjacent layers, the waveguide of the upper layer is a U-shaped waveguide, two ends of the U-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one of the straight line segments is coupled with one of the linear waveguides of the lower layer in a matching manner, and the other straight line segment is coupled with the other linear waveguide of the lower layer in a matching manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, a multilayer waveguide structure is designed, the corresponding matched structure sizes of the waveguides in the waveguide structure are equal, and the loss is less during energy coupling conversion in an optical path while the phase matching condition is met; by controlling the structural size, the spacing distance and the coupling region length of the waveguide, the multilayer waveguide structure can be flexibly wired to meet different requirements; and the waveguides in the multilayer waveguide structure are arranged in multiple layers, the processing technology is simple, and the processing cost is reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of resonant energy transfer of a prior art microring resonator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-mode division multiplexer based on asymmetric directional coupling in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-mode division multiplexing structure model based on an asymmetric directional coupling technique in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-mode division multiplexing structure model based on asymmetric directional coupling technology in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art 4-wavelength division multiplexing device;
FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a spatial optical mode-division multiplexing coupling device according to the prior art;
FIG. 6b is a schematic view of a cross-section of FIG. 6a at a different location;
fig. 7a and 7b are schematic diagrams of the optical waveguide energy coupling simulation result of the optical waveguide mode division multiplexing structure model designed in the present invention when the waveguide interval is small;
FIGS. 8a and 8b are schematic diagrams of a multilayer waveguide signal transmission model according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of FIGS. 8a and 8 b;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a multilayer waveguide signal cascade transmission model designed according to this invention;
fig. 11a and 11b are respectively a model diagram of an optical signal outputted from the same layer after being subjected to signal routing conversion of different layers according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the multilayer waveguide route exchange design method based on directional coupling, an optical waveguide mode division multiplexing structure model is established in simulation software, two models are established together, the sizes of the cross-section structures of optical waveguide core layers of the two models are different, the wavelength of a light source is set to be 1310nm, coupling simulation is carried out by taking the starting end of one optical waveguide in the corresponding model as input, and the simulation results of the two models are respectively shown in fig. 7a and 7 b. It is observed from the figure that when the light waveguides are spaced at a small interval, energy conversion occurs between the light waveguides, and the coupling efficiency is over 99%. When energy complete conversion or conversion degree maximization is defined, that is, when coupling efficiency is highest, the traveling distance of the optical wave is the coupling length, and the length of the coupling region needs to be adjusted according to the coupling interval of the corresponding model, so as to achieve high coupling efficiency.
According to the simulation result, a signal transmission model between the multilayer optical waveguides based on energy directional coupling is provided. The plurality of waveguides are respectively positioned on the plurality of waveguide layers, and the core layer structure size of the optical waveguides and the relative positions of the optical waveguides are controlled, so that the structure sizes of the corresponding positions of the waveguides in the coupling area are the same, namely, the mutually matched waveguide core layer structures are correspondingly the same, and the phase matching conditions are met between every two optical waveguides. The distance between the two waveguides at the coupling region at the matching position of the two waveguides is smaller, so that the coupling reaction can be ensured, and the length of the coupling region is controlled to be odd times of the minimum coupling length, so that the coupling efficiency is improved. After the above parameters are determined, the model is built.
Fig. 8a and 8b show two models of embodiments designed according to the present invention, each of which includes two linear waveguides and one S-shaped waveguide that are not on the same plane, and the cross-sectional shapes and sizes of the optical waveguide cores of the models shown in fig. 8a and 8b are different, and the positional relationship shown in the figures is taken as an example to explain, wherein the left linear waveguide is located below the S-shaped waveguide and defined as a left lower-layer waveguide, and the right linear waveguide is located above the S-shaped waveguide and defined as a right upper-layer waveguide. In the model of fig. 8a, all optical waveguides have the same rectangular cross-section, and wider surfaces are used between the coupling regions of the optical waveguides; in the model in fig. 8b, all optical waveguides are square in cross-section. The lower surface of one straight line segment of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the upper surface of the left lower-layer waveguide, and the S-shaped waveguide is coupled with the left lower-layer waveguide at the position to form a coupling region; the upper surface of the other straight line segment of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the lower surface of the right upper-layer waveguide, and the S-shaped waveguide is coupled with the right upper-layer waveguide at the position to form a coupling area. Two ends of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, the straight line segments are coupled with the corresponding straight line waveguides, the two straight line waveguides are parallel to each other in space, and only two ends of the S-shaped waveguide are matched with the corresponding straight line waveguides, so that the two waveguides realize light energy coupling conversion in a coupling area. And inputting optical signals into the left lower layer waveguide, wherein the optical signals can be coupled to the S-shaped waveguide from the left lower layer waveguide and then coupled to the right upper layer waveguide through the S-shaped waveguide, so that the routing exchange of the optical signals is realized.
The two structural models are simulated, and the simulation result is shown in fig. 9, wherein three schematic diagrams on the left side sequentially represent the energy changes of the lower layer waveguide on the left side, the S-shaped waveguide and the upper layer waveguide on the right side in the model. In the most right schematic diagram, File _1, File _2 and File _3 sequentially represent energy change curves in the left lower layer waveguide, the S-shaped waveguide and the right upper layer waveguide. The monitors of the model are respectively arranged in horizontal planes with different heights, the Fille _1 monitoring path is the lowest layer optical waveguide plane, the File _2 monitoring path is the middle layer optical waveguide plane, and the File _3 monitoring path is the uppermost layer optical waveguide plane. As can be seen from fig. 9, the energy in the left lower waveguide gradually decreases to be close to 0 in the corresponding coupling region, and the energy of the S-shaped waveguide gradually increases in the coupling region coupled with the left lower waveguide and is transferred to the next coupling region coupled with the right upper waveguide; in the coupling region between the S-shaped waveguide and the right upper waveguide, the energy in the S-shaped waveguide gradually decreases to 0, and correspondingly, the energy in the right upper waveguide gradually increases. In combination with the simulation result, it can be seen that, under the condition of reasonably controlling the optical waveguide wiring and the coupling region parameters, the optical signal energy gradually decreases to 0 in the left lower layer waveguide, increases to the maximum from 0 in the S-shaped waveguide, and then decreases to 0, and gradually increases to the maximum from 0 in the right upper layer waveguide.
Because the structural size of the S-shaped waveguide is completely the same as that of the linear waveguide, the two waveguides meet the phase matching condition, and all light energy in the left lower-layer waveguide can be converted and transmitted to the right upper-layer waveguide. And creating a multilayer waveguide signal cascade transmission model on the basis of the multilayer waveguide signal transmission model according to the model and the simulation result.
As shown in fig. 10, which is a schematic diagram of a signal cascade transmission model among multiple layers of waveguides, three left lower layer waveguides are provided and located on the same plane, three right upper layer waveguides are provided and located on the same plane, three waveguides in the left lower layer waveguide are sequentially in one-to-one correspondence with three waveguides in the right upper layer waveguide from left to right, and the corresponding waveguides are coupled and connected through S-shaped waveguides corresponding to the intermediate layer. The cascade shown in fig. 10 is performed in the right direction, where the optical signal is input from the left lower waveguide, the S-shaped waveguide is shifted to the right, and the optical signal is transferred to the right into the corresponding right upper waveguide. When the S-shaped waveguides in the middle layer are biased to the left, the cascaded structure can also be biased to the left according to the same principle, and in another embodiment, all the S-shaped waveguides can be biased to the left according to the requirement, so that the scheme has the feasibility of being biased to the left or the right. In other embodiments, multiple layers of waveguides may be provided as needed, as long as the matching coupling condition in the directional coupling scheme is satisfied.
In the optical waveguide wiring scheme based on energy directional coupling, optical waveguide core layer structures with different sizes can be used for each waveguide, and only the corresponding structures between the waveguides matched and coupled are required to be the same in shape and size during design, so that phase matching conditions are met between the optical waveguides. The length of the coupling area is set according to the corresponding coupling length, the coupling length is simulated, a wiring diagram is drawn, and the coupling area with the determined length can be transplanted to any position of the multilayer model according to the requirement, so that the model designed by the method has portability. Therefore, the signals of the multilayer optical waveguide can be output in the same layer or different layers, and can be customized according to requirements.
As shown in fig. 11a and 11b, two other embodiments are respectively manufactured according to the design method, the optical signals of the two models are output on the same layer after being subjected to signal routing conversion by different layers, the cross-sectional shapes and the dimensions of the core layers of the waveguides in each model are the same, and the waveguide position relationship shown in the figures is taken as an example for explanation. The two models are both provided with two layers of waveguides which are adjacent, and the lower layer is three linear waveguides which are arranged in parallel. As shown in fig. 11a, the upper waveguide of the model is an S-shaped waveguide, two ends of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one of the straight line segments is in matched coupling with the left linear waveguide, and the other straight line segment is in matched coupling with the right linear waveguide; the optical signal is input from one end of the left linear waveguide, the optical signal is transmitted into the S-shaped waveguide through the coupling effect, the optical signal is transmitted in the S-shaped waveguide and is output from the other end of the linear waveguide after being coupled with the other linear waveguide, and the input end and the output end in the model are not on the same side. As shown in fig. 11b, the waveguide on the upper layer is a U-shaped waveguide, two ends of the U-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one of the straight line segments is coupled with the straight line waveguide on the left side in a matching manner, and the other straight line segment is coupled with the straight line waveguide on the right side in a matching manner; the optical signal is input from one end of the linear waveguide on the left side or the right side, the optical signal is transmitted into the U-shaped waveguide through the coupling effect, the optical signal is transmitted in the U-shaped waveguide and is output from the linear waveguide after being coupled with the other linear waveguide, and the input end and the output end of the model are positioned on the same side. The two models show that optical signals can be output at different sides or the same side after being converted by different layers of signal routes, the output direction of the optical signals can be changed, and the multi-layer waveguide route switching with different requirements can be met.
After the design method of the invention is adopted to design and establish the optical waveguide mode division multiplexing structure model, corresponding devices can be prepared by adopting corresponding processes.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A multilayer waveguide route switching design method based on directional coupling is characterized in that: the plurality of waveguides are respectively positioned on the plurality of waveguide layers, the core layer structure size of each waveguide and the relative position between the waveguides are controlled, so that the core layer structure size of the waveguide coupling region is the same to meet the phase matching condition, the waveguide interval at the coupling region is smaller to generate the coupling effect, the length of the coupling region is adjusted according to the coupling interval, and the waveguides can be efficiently coupled.
2. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling according to claim 1, wherein: by establishing a multilayer waveguide model and performing energy coupling simulation, the travel distance of the optical wave is determined to be the coupling length when the energy transmitted between the waveguides is completely converted or the conversion degree is maximized, the waveguide interval and the waveguide length of a coupling area capable of being efficiently coupled between the waveguides are determined, and the length of the coupling area is odd times of the minimum coupling length when the waveguide optical path is wired.
3. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the waveguides of each layer correspond to the waveguides of other layers one by one, and corresponding coupling regions are respectively formed between the waveguides of the middle layer and the corresponding waveguides of the upper layer and the lower layer, so that optical signals are transmitted through the waveguides of the lower layer, the waveguides of the middle layer and the waveguides of the upper layer in sequence to realize routing exchange among the waveguides of the multiple layers.
4. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: each layer is provided with one waveguide, the middle layer waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide are all linear waveguides, the lower part of one end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the lower layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize the light energy coupling conversion, and the upper part of the other end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the upper layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize the light energy coupling conversion.
5. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling as claimed in claim 3, wherein: each layer is provided with a plurality of waveguides, the middle layer waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide are all linear waveguides, the middle layer waveguide corresponds to the upper layer waveguide and the lower layer waveguide one to one, the lower part of one end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the lower layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion, and the upper part of the other end part of the S-shaped waveguide is matched with the corresponding upper layer waveguide to enable the two waveguides to meet the phase matching condition to realize light energy coupling conversion.
6. The design method of directional coupling based multilayer waveguide routing switch according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the two end parts of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line sections, the straight line sections are coupled with the corresponding linear waveguides, and the linear waveguides are parallel to each other in space, so that the two end parts of the S-shaped waveguide and the corresponding upper and lower layers of linear waveguides form coupling areas.
7. The design method of directional coupling based multilayer waveguide routing switch according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the sections of the linear waveguide and the S-shaped waveguide are both rectangular or square.
8. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling according to claim 1, wherein: of the waveguides of two adjacent layers, one of the layers has a plurality of waveguides, and two waveguides that are not adjacent in the layer are coupled to the same waveguide of the other layer.
9. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling according to claim 8, wherein: in the adjacent layer of waveguides, the upper layer of waveguide is an S-shaped waveguide, two ends of the S-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one straight line segment is in matched coupling with one straight line waveguide of the lower layer, and the other straight line segment is in matched coupling with the other straight line waveguide of the lower layer.
10. The design method of multilayer waveguide routing switch based on directional coupling according to claim 8, wherein: in the adjacent layer of waveguides, the upper layer of waveguide is a U-shaped waveguide, two ends of the U-shaped waveguide are straight line segments, one straight line segment is matched and coupled with one straight line waveguide of the lower layer, and the other straight line segment is matched and coupled with the other straight line waveguide of the lower layer.
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| US20040258361A1 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-12-23 | Newport Opticom, Inc. | Low-loss optical waveguide crossovers using an out-of-plane waveguide |
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