CN113933631A - Multi-conductor cable electromagnetic parameter automatic testing method - Google Patents
Multi-conductor cable electromagnetic parameter automatic testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113933631A CN113933631A CN202111188094.6A CN202111188094A CN113933631A CN 113933631 A CN113933631 A CN 113933631A CN 202111188094 A CN202111188094 A CN 202111188094A CN 113933631 A CN113933631 A CN 113933631A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic test method for electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable, wherein the multi-conductor cable comprises N single-conductor cables, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; each single conductor cable comprising an a-terminal and a B-terminal, the method comprising the steps of: sequentially controlling two ends of the same single-conductor cable to be connected into a test system, and acquiring a first scattering parameter and a second scattering parameter of each single-conductor cable; calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and a phase constant; acquiring multiple scattering parameters of all groups of single-conductor cables; electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable are acquired. The invention can reflect the real performance of the cable by a real measurement method, utilizes the vector network analyzer to test the scattering parameters of the cable, and obtains the electromagnetic parameters of the cable by deducing the relation between the scattering parameters and the electromagnetic parameters of the cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multi-conductor cable parameter testing, in particular to an automatic multi-conductor cable electromagnetic parameter testing method.
Background
The cable harness is used as a junction of electronic and electrical equipment and systems and is used for realizing effective transmission of information and energy between different systems. Cables are usually present outside or inside the housing of electronic system equipment in the form of bundles of many individual wires, which are very susceptible to pick up fields formed in space due to electromagnetic emissions from equipment and the like, or to cross-talk with each other, and induced voltages and currents due to cable coupling can cause undesired responses in the terminal circuits connected to the cables, resulting in degraded circuit performance, or even cause electromagnetic compatibility failures.
When the electromagnetic compatibility analysis is performed on an actual cable, the electromagnetic parameters of the cable need to be obtained, the electromagnetic parameters are usually extracted by an approximate analysis method, a numerical calculation method and an actual measurement method, the approximate analysis method is to analyze and solve a simplified model under the condition of neglecting certain conditions to obtain the electromagnetic parameters, and the cable in the actual situation cannot completely meet the conditions of the simplified model, so the accuracy of the electromagnetic parameters obtained by the analysis method is not high; common numerical analysis methods mainly include a difference method, a variation method and a finite element method, and the numerical method is a full-wave method and has a large amount of calculation. In the actual use process, the geometric parameters and physical parameters of the cable can change in the use, transportation or storage processes, and the actual measurement method can reflect the real performance of the cable.
Therefore, a test method capable of automatically acquiring electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable is provided, which provides quantifiable parameters for the research of cable electromagnetic compatibility, and belongs to the problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic testing method for electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a first aspect of a multi-conductor cable electromagnetic parameter automatic test method, wherein the multi-conductor cable comprises N single-conductor cables, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, each single-conductor cable comprises an A end and a B end, and the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially controlling two ends of the same single-conductor cable to be connected into a test system, and acquiring a first scattering parameter and a second scattering parameter of each single-conductor cable;
calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and a phase constant;
performing combined control: after controlling the A ends of any two single-conductor cables to enter a test system and acquiring a third scattering parameter, controlling the A end of one single-conductor cable and the B end of the other single-conductor cable in the two single-conductor cables to enter the test system and acquiring a fourth scattering parameter; until the multi-scattering parameters of all groups of single conductor cables are acquired, said all groups being defined as: any single-conductor cable participates in the combination;
and acquiring the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and the multi-scattering parameters of all the groups of single-conductor cables, wherein the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable comprise mutual inductance and mutual capacitance.
Further, the test system comprises a computer, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a vector network analyzer; the first radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the A end of each single-conductor cable, and the second radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the B end of each single-conductor cable; the vector network analyzer is respectively connected with the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and is used for acquiring test parameters; the computer is respectively connected with the vector network analyzer, the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and used for obtaining and calculating the test parameters and controlling the access of the single-conductor cable by controlling the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch.
Furthermore, the computer is connected with the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch and the vector network analyzer through a Usb interface; and the computer completes the control of the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch and the vector network analyzer by utilizing Matlab.
Further, the calculating the electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and phase constant, and comprises the following formula:
in the formula, S11Is a first scattering parameter, S21Is a second scattering parameter, ZcIs the characteristic impedance, Z, of a single-conductor cable0For the impedance of the vector network analyzer port, β is the phase constant of the single conductor cable and l is the cable length of the single conductor cable.
Further, the impedance of the vector network analyzer port is 50 Ω.
Further, acquiring electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and multi-scattering parameters of all groups of single-conductor cables, wherein the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable include mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain a set of mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of each group of single-conductor cables, and solving an average value to be used as the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cables; the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of each set of single conductor cables is calculated by the following steps,
intermediate parameters can be obtained by using the obtained scattering parameters:
in the formula, S31Is the third scattering parameter, S41Is the fourth scattering parameter, Zc1And Zc2Respectively characteristic impedance, beta, of two single-conductor cables to be calculated1Is the phase constant of the first single conductor cable;
using (5) (6) as known, (7) (8):
as＝T1/a2R (7)
bs＝T1/b2L (8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
according to (4), (5), (7) and (8):
according to the equations (9) (10), intermediate quantities are substituted to yield:
tb＝Tb/K2
tf＝Tf/K1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
finally, obtaining coupling electromagnetic parameters:
wherein f is the frequency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the real performance of the cable can be reflected through an actual measurement method, the scattering parameter of the cable is tested by using a vector network analyzer, and the electromagnetic parameter of the cable is obtained through testing by deducing the relation between the scattering parameter and the electromagnetic parameter of the cable.
(2) In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a specific implementation of a test system and a specific connection of a computer to other parts of the test system are disclosed.
(3) In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a specific implementation of the steps is disclosed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method disclosed in an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a port number diagram of a single conductor cable according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are directions or positional relationships described based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 illustrates an automatic testing method for electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, where the multi-conductor cable includes N single-conductor cables, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and each single-conductor cable includes an a-terminal and a B-terminal, and the method includes the following steps:
s1: sequentially controlling two ends of the same single-conductor cable to be connected into a test system, and acquiring a first scattering parameter and a second scattering parameter of each single-conductor cable;
s2: calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and a phase constant;
s3: performing combined control: after controlling the A ends of any two single-conductor cables to enter a test system and acquiring a third scattering parameter, controlling the A end of one single-conductor cable and the B end of the other single-conductor cable in the two single-conductor cables to enter the test system and acquiring a fourth scattering parameter; until obtaining the multi-scattering parameters of all groups of single-conductor cables, the all groups are as follows: any single-conductor cable participates in the combination;
s4: and acquiring the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and the multi-scattering parameters of all the groups of single-conductor cables, wherein the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable comprise mutual inductance and mutual capacitance.
Specifically, in the exemplary embodiment, the performance of the real cable can be reflected through an actual measurement method, the scattering parameter of the cable is tested by using a vector network analyzer, and the electromagnetic parameter of the cable is obtained through the test by deducing the relationship between the scattering parameter and the electromagnetic parameter of the cable.
The explanation in step S3 is that, for example, there are 5 single-conductor cables, which may be combined in the form of 1+2, 2+3, 3+4, 4+ 5; or the combination of 1+3, 1+2, 1+4, 1+ 5; it may also be a combination of 1+3, 3+4, 3+2, 2+ 5. I.e. any association.
More preferably, in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the test system includes a computer, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch, and a vector network analyzer; the first radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the A end of each single-conductor cable, and the second radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the B end of each single-conductor cable; the vector network analyzer is respectively connected with the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and is used for acquiring test parameters; the computer is respectively connected with the vector network analyzer, the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and used for obtaining and calculating the test parameters and controlling the access of the single-conductor cable by controlling the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch.
More specifically, the computer is connected with a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a vector network analyzer through a Usb interface; and the computer completes the control of the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch and the vector network analyzer by utilizing Matlab. In addition, a junction box can be arranged between the radio frequency switch and the multi-conductor cable.
In the following exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the ports of N single-conductor cables are numbered first, the port numbers of the same single-conductor cable are consecutive, the port numbers of the same side of different cables are different by 2, and are numbered 1, 2, 3 … 2N-2, 2N-1, 2N, respectively, N ≧ 2, N is a positive integer (singular is the a side, and double is the B side).
For the implementation of step S1, specifically: for a first single-conductor cable, connecting to two ends of the same multi-conductor cable with the serial numbers 1 and 2 to obtain a first scattering parameter S11And a second scattering parameter S21(ii) a The above is repeated for a plurality of times until the first scattering parameter and the second scattering parameter of the N single-conductor cables are obtained.
For the implementation of step S2, in a preferred exemplary embodiment, for the first single-conductor cable, the calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameter and the cable length, the electromagnetic parameters including characteristic impedance and phase constant includes the following formula:
wherein S11 is the first scattering parameter, S21 isSecond scattering parameter, ZcIs the characteristic impedance, Z, of a single-conductor cable0Is the impedance of the vector network analyzer port (which in an exemplary embodiment is 50 Ω), β is the phase constant of the single conductor cable, and l is the cable length of the single conductor cable.
In further exemplary embodiments, further comprising calculating a phase velocity v:
v＝2πf/β
in the formula, f represents frequency.
The electromagnetic parameters of other single-conductor cables are the same, for example, for a first single-conductor cable and a second single-conductor cable, the characteristic impedance of the two cables can be calculated to be Zc1And Zc2Respectively, the phase constants are beta1And beta2。
For the implementation of step S3, taking the first single-conductor cable and the second single-conductor cable as an example, the cable ports 1 and 3 are connected to the vector network analyzer to measure the third scattering parameter S31(ii) a The cable ports 1 and 4 are connected into a vector network analyzer to measure the scattering parameter S41. The other sets of single conductor cables are calculated in the same manner.
While in an exemplary embodiment, all groups are calculated for the previous and the next cable: i.e. to obtain any two cables
Scattering parameter S ofj,iAnd Sj+1,iAnd automatically storing data in a computer, wherein i, j is 1,3,5 … 2N-1.
For the implementation of step S4, the obtaining electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and the multi-scattering parameters of all the groups of single-conductor cables includes obtaining electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable, where the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable include mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, and includes:
calculating to obtain a set of mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of each group of single-conductor cables, and solving an average value to be used as the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cables; the way in which the mutual inductance and the mutual capacitance of each set of single conductor cables are calculated (taking a first single conductor cable and a second single conductor cable as an example) comprises the following steps,
intermediate parameters can be obtained by using the obtained scattering parameters:
in the formula, S31Is the third scattering parameter, S41Is the fourth scattering parameter, Zc1And Zc2Respectively characteristic impedance, beta, of two single-conductor cables to be calculated1Is the phase constant of the first single conductor cable;
using (5) (6) as known, (7) (8):
as＝T1/a2R (7)
bs＝T1/b2L (8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
according to (4), (5), (7) and (8):
according to the equations (9) (10), intermediate quantities are substituted to yield:
tb＝Tb/K2
tf＝Tf/K1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
finally, obtaining coupling electromagnetic parameters:
wherein f is the frequency.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative only and not restrictive of the broad invention, and that various other modifications and changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art based upon the above teachings. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-conductor cable electromagnetic parameter automatic test method, the said multi-conductor cable includes N single conductor cables, N is greater than or equal to the positive integer of 2; every single conductor cable all includes A end and B end, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially controlling two ends of the same single-conductor cable to be connected into a test system, and acquiring a first scattering parameter and a second scattering parameter of each single-conductor cable;
calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and a phase constant;
performing combined control: controlling the end A of any two single-conductor cables to enter a test system, obtaining a third scattering parameter, controlling the end A of one single-conductor cable and the end B of the other single-conductor cable to enter the test system, and obtaining a fourth scattering parameter; until the multi-scattering parameters of all groups of single conductor cables are acquired, said all groups being defined as: any single-conductor cable participates in the combination;
and acquiring the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and the multi-scattering parameters of all the groups of single-conductor cables, wherein the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable comprise mutual inductance and mutual capacitance.
2. The method for automatically testing the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the test system comprises a computer, a first radio frequency switch, a second radio frequency switch and a vector network analyzer; the first radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the A end of each single-conductor cable, and the second radio frequency switch is used for controlling the access of the B end of each single-conductor cable; the vector network analyzer is respectively connected with the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and is used for acquiring test parameters; the computer is respectively connected with the vector network analyzer, the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch and used for obtaining and calculating the test parameters and controlling the access of the single-conductor cable by controlling the first radio frequency switch and the second radio frequency switch.
3. The method for automatically testing the electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: the computer is connected with the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch and the vector network analyzer through a Usb interface; and the computer completes the control of the first radio frequency switch, the second radio frequency switch and the vector network analyzer by utilizing Matlab.
4. The method for automatically testing the electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: according to the scattering parameters and the cable length, calculating electromagnetic parameters of each single-conductor cable, wherein the electromagnetic parameters comprise characteristic impedance and phase constants, and the electromagnetic parameters comprise the following formula:
in the formula, S11Is a first scattering parameter, S21Is a second scattering parameter, ZcIs the characteristic impedance, Z, of a single-conductor cable0For the impedance of the vector network analyzer port, β is the phase constant of the single conductor cable and l is the cable length of the single conductor cable.
5. The method for automatically testing the electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable according to claim 4, wherein: the impedance of the vector network analyzer port is 50 Ω.
6. The method for automatically testing the electromagnetic parameters of a multi-conductor cable according to claim 4, wherein: the acquiring the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable according to the electromagnetic parameters of the single-conductor cable and the multi-scattering parameters of all the groups of single-conductor cables, wherein the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cable comprise mutual inductance and mutual capacitance, and the acquiring comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain a set of mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of each group of single-conductor cables, and solving an average value to be used as the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of the electromagnetic parameters of the multi-conductor cables; the mutual inductance and mutual capacitance of each set of single conductor cables is calculated by the following steps,
intermediate parameters can be obtained by using the obtained scattering parameters:
in the formula, S31Is the third scattering parameter, S41Is the fourth scattering parameter, Zc1And Zc2Respectively characteristic impedance, beta, of two single-conductor cables to be calculated1Is the phase constant of the first single conductor cable;
using (5) (6) as known, (7) (8):
as＝T1/a2R (7)
bs＝T1/b2L (8)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
according to (4), (5), (7) and (8):
according to the equations (9) (10), intermediate quantities are substituted to yield:
tb＝Tb/K2
tf＝Tf/K1
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
finally, obtaining coupling electromagnetic parameters:
wherein f is the frequency.
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