CN113933299A - Fruit and vegetable planting management system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Fruit and vegetable planting management system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a growth detection module, an environment detection module, an Internet of things gateway, a processing module and a replenishment module; the growth detection module, the environment detection module and the supply module are respectively provided with a ZigBee unit, the growth detection module, the environment detection module and the supply module are respectively connected with the Internet of things gateway through the ZigBee unit, a communication unit is arranged in the processing module, and the processing module is connected with the Internet of things gateway through the communication unit; the growth detection module is used for detecting the growth state of the fruits and vegetables; the environment detection module is used for detecting the internal environment parameters and the external environment parameters of the fruit and vegetable growing shed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable planting, in particular to a fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things.
Background
The modern society needs to cultivate a batch of breakthrough fruit and vegetable excellent varieties with great application prospects, construct a batch of standardized, large-scale, intensive and mechanized dominant seed production bases, build a batch of fruit and vegetable cultivation industries with strong breeding capability, advanced production and processing technology, sound marketing network and in-place technical service, have clear sound and complete responsibility, advanced means and powerful supervision seed management systems, obviously improve the autonomous research and development capability and the coverage rate of the excellent varieties and ensure the effective supply of main agricultural products such as grains. Vegetables are non-replaceable non-staple food in daily life of people, and are main sources of vitamins, minerals and dietary fibers necessary for maintaining human health.
Therefore, guarantee fruit vegetables supply has been an essential link of people's life, and among the prior art, when carrying out fruit vegetables planting, there is not enough to the monitoring management of the growth state of fruit vegetables, especially at present that need guarantee fruit vegetables production quality, and the high quality growth production of guarantee fruit vegetables is very important, consequently all accomplishes to follow the monitoring from every stage of fruit vegetables growth, needs a technique that can in time monitor and manage fruit vegetables growth to solve this defect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things, which can monitor the growth state of fruits and vegetables in time and manage and supply the fruits and vegetables in time so as to solve the problem that the management and monitoring in the existing fruit and vegetable planting process are insufficient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things comprises a growth detection module, an environment detection module, an Internet of things gateway, a processing module and a supply module; the growth detection module, the environment detection module and the supply module are respectively provided with a ZigBee unit, the growth detection module, the environment detection module and the supply module are respectively connected with the Internet of things gateway through the ZigBee unit, a communication unit is arranged in the processing module, and the processing module is connected with the Internet of things gateway through the communication unit;
the growth detection module is used for detecting the growth state of the fruits and vegetables;
the environment detection module is used for detecting internal environment parameters and external environment parameters of the fruit and vegetable growing shed;
the processing module is used for processing according to the growth state of the fruits and vegetables, the internal environment parameters and the external environment parameters to obtain the replenishment parameters of the fruits and vegetables, and controlling the replenishment module to replenish according to the replenishment parameters;
and the supply module is used for supplying according to the supply parameters of the processing module.
Further, the processing module comprises a dividing unit, the dividing unit is configured with a dividing strategy, the dividing strategy comprises dividing the fruit and vegetable growth area into a plurality of growth areas, the growth areas are marked as S1-Sn in sequence, and n represents the number of the growth areas;
the growth detection module comprises a plurality of growth detection units, and the growth detection units are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas;
the environment detection module comprises a plurality of internal environment detection units and an external environment detection unit, the internal environment detection units are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas, and the external environment detection unit is arranged outside the fruit and vegetable growth shed.
Furthermore, the growth detection unit comprises a camera, the camera is arranged on one side of the growth area, and the camera is used for shooting growth pictures of fruits and vegetables in the growth area;
the internal environment detection unit comprises an internal temperature and humidity detector, a nutrient solution flowmeter and an illumination detector, the internal temperature and humidity detector is used for measuring the internal temperature and the internal humidity in the growth area, the nutrient solution flowmeter is used for measuring the nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area, and the illumination detector is used for measuring the illumination amount in the growth area;
the external environment detection unit comprises an external temperature and humidity detector, and the external temperature and humidity detector is used for measuring the external temperature and the external humidity of the fruit and vegetable growing shed.
Further, the processing module comprises a first detection control unit and a first processing unit; the first detection control unit is used for controlling the growth detection module to detect, and the first processing unit is used for processing the data acquired by the growth detection module;
the first detection control unit is configured with a first detection control strategy comprising: dividing the growth period of the fruits and vegetables in the growth area into T1-Tm in sequence, wherein m represents the division quantity of the growth period, T1 represents the 1 st growth period, and Tm represents the mth growth period; controlling a camera to shoot growth pictures of the fruits and vegetables in the middle section of each growth period;
the first processing unit is configured with a first processing policy comprising: identifying the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables in the growth picture;
substituting the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables into a growth calculation formula to obtain the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables;
and substituting the growth state value and the nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area into a nutrient supply formula to obtain the nutrient solution supply amount of the fruits and the vegetables in the growth area.
Further, the growing calculation formula is configured to:
pszt ═ a1 × (a1 × GDgs + a2 × ZZgs + a3 × YMgs); whereinPszt is the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables, GDgs is the height of the fruits and vegetables, ZZgs is the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables, YMgs is the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables, a1 is a first proportional coefficient, a2 is a second proportional coefficient, A3 is a third proportional coefficient, A1 is a first compensation proportion, and a1, a2, A3 and A1 are respectively greater than 0; the nutrient replenishment formula is configured to:
wherein YYbj is the nutrient solution supply amount, Yygj is the nutrient solution supply amount, B1 is the offset value, B1 is the supply amount ratio value, and B1 and B1 are respectively greater than 0.
Further, the method for acquiring the height of the fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: dividing the contours of the fruits and the vegetables in the growing picture, respectively drawing a horizontal line at the highest point and the lowest point of the contours of the fruits and the vegetables, and setting the distance between the two horizontal lines as the height of the fruits and the vegetables;
the method for acquiring the diameter of the trunk of the fruit and vegetable comprises the following steps: dividing the trunk region of the fruit and vegetable in the growing picture to obtain the height of the trunk region, selecting the height of two thirds of the trunk region, upwards selecting the position of two thirds of the trunk region height from the lowest point of the trunk region, obtaining the width of the trunk region at the position, and setting the width of the trunk region at the position as the trunk diameter of the fruit and vegetable;
the method for obtaining the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: selecting the middle points of the contour of the fruits and the vegetables in the upper and lower directions, drawing a horizontal line at the middle points, selecting a picture above the horizontal line as a blade identification area, acquiring the blade area and the blank area of the identification area, obtaining the ratio of the blank area to the blade area, and setting the ratio as the blade density of the fruits and the vegetables.
Further, the processing module further comprises a second detection control unit and a second processing unit; the second detection control unit is used for controlling the environment detection module to detect, and the second processing unit is used for processing the data acquired by the environment detection module;
the second detection control unit is configured with a second detection control strategy, which includes: controlling an internal temperature and humidity detector, a nutrient solution flow meter, an illumination detector and an external temperature and humidity detector to detect in the middle section of each growth period;
the second processing unit is configured with a second processing policy, the second processing policy comprising: substituting the internal temperature, the internal humidity, the nutrient solution supply quantity, the illumination quantity, the external temperature and the external humidity into a growth quality formula, and calculating to obtain a growth quality value of the growth area;
grading the growth areas according to the growth quality values, and when the growth quality values are larger than or equal to a first growth threshold value, grading the growth areas into first growth grades; when the growth quality value is greater than or equal to a second growth threshold and smaller than a first growth threshold, dividing the growth area into a second growth grade; when the growth quality value is less than the second growth threshold, the growth area is classified into a third growth grade.
Further, the growth quality formula is configured to:
pszl ═ C1 × [ (WDw-C1) + WDn ] + C2 × [ (SDw-C2) + SDn ] + C3 × YYgj + C4 × GZl; wherein Pszl is a growth quality value, WDw is an external temperature, WDn is an internal temperature, SDw is an external humidity, SDn is an internal humidity, GZl is a light dose, C1 is a temperature offset value, C2 is a humidity offset value, C1 is a temperature conversion ratio, C2 is a humidity conversion ratio, C3 nutrient solution conversion ratio, and C4 is a light conversion ratio.
Furthermore, the supply module comprises a nutrient solution supply valve and a maintenance terminal, the nutrient solution supply valve is arranged at an outlet of a nutrient solution supply pipeline, the maintenance terminal is in communication connection with the processing module, and the maintenance terminal assigns maintenance personnel to perform maintenance according to the growth grade of the growth area.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the growth state of the fruits and vegetables can be detected through the growth detection module, and the nutrient solution can be timely supplied by monitoring the growth state of the fruits and vegetables, so that the growth of the fruits and vegetables in the corresponding growth area can be timely ensured; can detect the inside environmental parameter and the outside environmental parameter of fruit vegetables growth canopy through the environment detection module, monitor through the inside and outside environment to fruit vegetables growth, can acquire the environmental quality of the fruit vegetables growth in the different regions to distribution maintainer manages the supply, has improved management validity and the promptness to fruit vegetables growth.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the first embodiment.
In the figure, 1, a growth detection module; 11. a growth detection unit; 12. a camera; 2. an environment detection module; 21. an internal environment detection unit; 211. an illumination amount detector; 212. a nutrient solution flow meter; 213. an internal temperature and humidity detector; 22. an external environment detection unit; 221. an external temperature and humidity detector; 3. a replenishment module; 31. a nutrient solution supply valve; 32. maintaining the terminal; 4. a ZigBee unit; 5. an Internet of things gateway; 6. a processing module; 61. a communication unit; 62. dividing the cells; 63. a first detection control unit; 64. a first processing unit; 65. a second detection control unit; 66. a second processing unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system according to the present invention; the fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things comprises a growth detection module 1, an environment detection module 2, an Internet of things gateway 5, a processing module 6 and a supply module 3; the growth detection module 1, the environment detection module 2 and the supply module 3 are respectively provided with a ZigBee unit 4, the growth detection module 1, the environment detection module 2 and the supply module 3 are respectively connected with an Internet of things gateway 5 through the ZigBee unit 4, a communication unit 61 is arranged in the processing module 6, and the processing module 6 is connected with the Internet of things gateway 5 through the communication unit 61; through set up zigBee unit 4 and be connected with wireless gateway in every module, can improve the integral type connection effect in this system.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment; the growth detection module 1 is used for detecting the growth state of fruits and vegetables; the growth detection module 1 comprises a plurality of growth detection units 11, and the growth detection units 11 are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas; the number of the growth detection units 11 is the same as that of the growth areas of the fruits and vegetables. Growth detecting element 11 includes camera 12, camera 12 sets up one side in the growth region, camera 12 is used for shooing the growth picture of fruit vegetables in the growth region. Through the identification of the growth picture, the growth state of the fruits and vegetables can be obtained.
The environment detection module 2 is used for detecting internal environment parameters and external environment parameters of the fruit and vegetable growing shed; the environment detection module 2 comprises a plurality of internal environment detection units 21 and an external environment detection unit 22, the internal environment detection units 21 are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas, and the external environment detection unit 22 is arranged outside the fruit and vegetable growth shed.
The internal environment detection unit 21 includes an internal temperature and humidity detector 213, a nutrient solution flow meter 212, and an illumination amount detector 211, where the internal temperature and humidity detector 213 is configured to measure an internal temperature and an internal humidity in the growth area, the nutrient solution flow meter 212 is configured to measure a nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area, and the illumination amount detector 211 is configured to measure an illumination amount in the growth area;
the external environment detection unit 22 comprises an external temperature and humidity detector 221, and the external temperature and humidity detector 221 is used for measuring the external temperature and the external humidity outside the fruit and vegetable growing shed. Outside humiture can be through the ventilation unit of fruit vegetables canopy that grows and change, consequently monitors outside humiture very necessary.
The processing module 6 is used for processing according to the growth state of the fruits and vegetables, the internal environment parameters and the external environment parameters to obtain the replenishment parameters of the fruits and vegetables, and controlling the replenishment module 3 to replenish according to the replenishment parameters; the processing module 6 comprises a dividing unit 62, the dividing unit 62 is configured with a dividing strategy, the dividing strategy comprises dividing the fruit and vegetable growth area into a plurality of growth areas, and the growth areas are marked as S1-Sn in sequence, and n represents the number of the growth areas; by marking the regions, corresponding marking of the detected data can be facilitated.
The processing module 6 comprises a first detection control unit 63 and a first processing unit 64; the first detection control unit 63 is configured to control the growth detection module 1 to perform detection, and the first processing unit 64 is configured to process data acquired by the growth detection module 1;
the first detection control unit 63 is configured with a first detection control strategy comprising: dividing the growth period of the fruits and vegetables in the growth area into T1-Tm in sequence, wherein m represents the division quantity of the growth period, T1 represents the 1 st growth period, and Tm represents the mth growth period; controlling the camera 12 to shoot growth pictures of the fruits and vegetables in the middle section of each growth period;
the first processing unit 64 is configured with a first processing strategy comprising: identifying the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables in the growth picture; the method for acquiring the height of the fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: dividing the contours of the fruits and the vegetables in the growing picture, respectively drawing a horizontal line at the highest point and the lowest point of the contours of the fruits and the vegetables, and setting the distance between the two horizontal lines as the height of the fruits and the vegetables;
the method for acquiring the diameter of the trunk of the fruit and vegetable comprises the following steps: dividing the trunk region of the fruit and vegetable in the growing picture to obtain the height of the trunk region, selecting the height of two thirds of the trunk region, upwards selecting the position of two thirds of the trunk region height from the lowest point of the trunk region, obtaining the width of the trunk region at the position, and setting the width of the trunk region at the position as the trunk diameter of the fruit and vegetable;
the method for obtaining the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: selecting the middle points of the contour of the fruits and the vegetables in the upper and lower directions, drawing a horizontal line at the middle points, selecting a picture above the horizontal line as a blade identification area, acquiring the blade area and the blank area of the identification area, obtaining the ratio of the blank area to the blade area, and setting the ratio as the blade density of the fruits and the vegetables.
Substituting the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables into a growth calculation formula to obtain the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables;
and substituting the growth state value and the nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area into a nutrient supply formula to obtain the nutrient solution supply amount of the fruits and the vegetables in the growth area.
The growth calculation formula is configured as: pszt ═ a1 × (a1 × GDgs + a2 × ZZgs + a3 × YMgs); wherein Pszt is the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables, GDgs is the height of the fruits and vegetables, ZZgs is the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables, YMgs is the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables, a1 is a first proportional coefficient, a2 is a second proportional coefficient, A3 is a third proportional coefficient, A1 is a first compensation proportion, and a1, a2, A3 and A1 are respectively greater than 0; the nutrient replenishment formula is configured to:
wherein YYbj is the nutrient solution supply amount, Yygj is the nutrient solution supply amount, B1 is the offset value, B1 is the supply amount ratio value, and B1 and B1 are respectively greater than 0. The a1, a2 and a3 are changed based on different growth cycles of the fruits and vegetables, and the influence of the heights of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameters of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf densities of the fruits and vegetables on the growth state values of the fruits and vegetables are different in specific gravity in different growth cycles of the fruits and vegetables, so that the values of a1, a2 and a3 are necessary to be adjusted in time. In the nutrient supply formula, the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables is an important reference parameter of the nutrient solution supply amount, and the nutrient solution supply amount which is already supplied is used as a basis.
The processing module 6 further comprises a second detection control unit 65 and a second processing unit 66; the second detection control unit 65 is configured to control the environment detection module 2 to perform detection, and the second processing unit 66 is configured to process data acquired by the environment detection module 2;
the second detection control unit 65 is configured with a second detection control strategy comprising: controlling an internal temperature and humidity detector 213, a nutrient solution flow meter 212, an illumination detector 211 and an external temperature and humidity detector 221 to detect in the middle section of each growth cycle;
the second processing unit 66 is configured with a second processing strategy, which includes: substituting the internal temperature, the internal humidity, the nutrient solution supply quantity, the illumination quantity, the external temperature and the external humidity into a growth quality formula, and calculating to obtain a growth quality value of the growth area;
grading the growth areas according to the growth quality values, and when the growth quality values are larger than or equal to a first growth threshold value, grading the growth areas into first growth grades; when the growth quality value is greater than or equal to a second growth threshold and smaller than a first growth threshold, dividing the growth area into a second growth grade; when the growth quality value is less than the second growth threshold, the growth area is classified into a third growth grade. After different growth grades are marked out, maintenance personnel can manage and supply each area in a targeted manner.
The growth quality formula is configured as:
pszl ═ C1 × [ (WDw-C1) + WDn ] + C2 × [ (SDw-C2) + SDn ] + C3 × YYgj + C4 × GZl; wherein Pszl is a growth quality value, WDw is an external temperature, WDn is an internal temperature, SDw is an external humidity, SDn is an internal humidity, GZl is a light dose, C1 is a temperature offset value, C2 is a humidity offset value, C1 is a temperature conversion ratio, C2 is a humidity conversion ratio, C3 nutrient solution conversion ratio, and C4 is a light conversion ratio. Wherein, in the growth quality formula, the internal and external growth environment of the fruit and vegetable growth shed is the main reference.
The replenishment module 3 is used for performing replenishment according to the replenishment parameters of the processing module 6.
The replenishing module 3 comprises a nutrient solution supply valve 31 and a maintenance terminal 32, the nutrient solution supply valve 31 is arranged at the outlet of a nutrient solution supply pipeline, the maintenance terminal 32 is in communication connection with the processing module 6, and the maintenance terminal 32 assigns maintenance personnel for maintenance according to the growth grade of the growth area.
The working principle is as follows: in the fruit vegetables growth process, can detect the growth state of fruit vegetables through growth detection module 1, can detect the inside environmental parameter and the external environmental parameter of fruit vegetables growth canopy through environment detection module 2, then carry out data transmission through zigBee unit 4 and wireless gateway, can carry out data processing after transmitting to processing module 6, can carry out the supply management through supply module 3 after the processing, guaranteed the timely management control to fruit vegetables growth process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a growth detection module (1), an environment detection module (2), an Internet of things gateway (5), a processing module (6) and a replenishment module (3); the growth detection module (1), the environment detection module (2) and the supply module (3) are respectively provided with a ZigBee unit (4), the growth detection module (1), the environment detection module (2) and the supply module (3) are respectively connected with the Internet of things gateway (5) through the ZigBee unit (4), a communication unit (61) is arranged in the processing module (6), and the processing module (6) is connected with the Internet of things gateway (5) through the communication unit (61);
the growth detection module (1) is used for detecting the growth state of fruits and vegetables;
the environment detection module (2) is used for detecting internal environment parameters and external environment parameters of the fruit and vegetable growth shed;
the processing module (6) is used for processing according to the growth state of the fruits and vegetables, the internal environment parameters and the external environment parameters to obtain the replenishment parameters of the fruits and vegetables, and controlling the replenishment module (3) to replenish according to the replenishment parameters;
and the replenishment module (3) is used for performing replenishment according to the replenishment parameters of the processing module (6).
2. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 1, wherein the processing module (6) comprises a dividing unit (62), the dividing unit (62) is configured with a dividing strategy, the dividing strategy comprises dividing a fruit and vegetable growing area into a plurality of growing areas, the growing areas are marked as S1-Sn in sequence, and n represents the number of the growing areas;
the growth detection module (1) comprises a plurality of growth detection units (11), and the growth detection units (11) are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas;
the environment detection module (2) comprises a plurality of internal environment detection units (21) and an external environment detection unit (22), wherein the internal environment detection units (21) are respectively arranged in a plurality of growth areas, and the external environment detection unit (22) is arranged outside the fruit and vegetable growth shed.
3. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 2, wherein the growth detection unit (11) comprises a camera (12), the camera (12) is arranged on one side of the growth area, and the camera (12) is used for shooting growth pictures of fruits and vegetables in the growth area;
the internal environment detection unit (21) comprises an internal temperature and humidity detector (213), a nutrient solution flow meter (212) and an illumination amount detector (211), wherein the internal temperature and humidity detector (213) is used for measuring the internal temperature and the internal humidity in the growth area, the nutrient solution flow meter (212) is used for measuring the nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area, and the illumination amount detector (211) is used for measuring the illumination amount in the growth area;
the external environment detection unit (22) comprises an external temperature and humidity detector (221), and the external temperature and humidity detector (221) is used for measuring the external temperature and the external humidity outside the fruit and vegetable growing shed.
4. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 3, wherein the processing module (6) comprises a first detection control unit (63) and a first processing unit (64); the first detection control unit (63) is used for controlling the growth detection module (1) to detect, and the first processing unit (64) is used for processing the data acquired by the growth detection module (1);
the first detection control unit (63) is configured with a first detection control strategy comprising: dividing the growth period of the fruits and vegetables in the growth area into T1-Tm in sequence, wherein m represents the division quantity of the growth period, T1 represents the 1 st growth period, and Tm represents the mth growth period; controlling a camera (12) to shoot growth pictures of the fruits and vegetables in the middle section of each growth period;
the first processing unit (64) is configured with a first processing policy comprising: identifying the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables in the growth picture;
substituting the height of the fruits and vegetables, the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables and the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables into a growth calculation formula to obtain the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables;
and substituting the growth state value and the nutrient solution supply amount in the growth area into a nutrient supply formula to obtain the nutrient solution supply amount of the fruits and the vegetables in the growth area.
5. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 4, wherein the growth calculation formula is configured as: pszt ═ a1 × (a1 × GDgs + a2 × ZZgs + a3 × YMgs); wherein Pszt is the growth state value of the fruits and vegetables, GDgs is the height of the fruits and vegetables, ZZgs is the trunk diameter of the fruits and vegetables, YMgs is the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables, a1 is a first proportional coefficient, a2 is a second proportional coefficientThe scaling factor, A3 is the third scaling factor, A1 is the first compensation scale, a1, a2, A3 and A1 are respectively larger than 0; the nutrient replenishment formula is configured to:
wherein YYbj is the nutrient solution supply amount, Yygj is the nutrient solution supply amount, B1 is the offset value, B1 is the supply amount ratio value, and B1 and B1 are respectively greater than 0.
6. The fruit and vegetable planting management system based on the Internet of things of claim 5, wherein the fruit and vegetable height obtaining method comprises the following steps: dividing the contours of the fruits and the vegetables in the growing picture, respectively drawing a horizontal line at the highest point and the lowest point of the contours of the fruits and the vegetables, and setting the distance between the two horizontal lines as the height of the fruits and the vegetables;
the method for acquiring the diameter of the trunk of the fruit and vegetable comprises the following steps: dividing the trunk region of the fruit and vegetable in the growing picture to obtain the height of the trunk region, selecting the height of two thirds of the trunk region, upwards selecting the position of two thirds of the trunk region height from the lowest point of the trunk region, obtaining the width of the trunk region at the position, and setting the width of the trunk region at the position as the trunk diameter of the fruit and vegetable;
the method for obtaining the leaf density of the fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps: selecting the middle points of the contour of the fruits and the vegetables in the upper and lower directions, drawing a horizontal line at the middle points, selecting a picture above the horizontal line as a blade identification area, acquiring the blade area and the blank area of the identification area, obtaining the ratio of the blank area to the blade area, and setting the ratio as the blade density of the fruits and the vegetables.
7. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 6, wherein the processing module (6) further comprises a second detection control unit (65) and a second processing unit (66); the second detection control unit (65) is used for controlling the environment detection module (2) to detect, and the second processing unit (66) is used for processing the data acquired by the environment detection module (2);
the second detection control unit (65) is configured with a second detection control strategy comprising: controlling an internal temperature and humidity detector (213), a nutrient solution flow meter (212), an illumination detector (211) and an external temperature and humidity detector (221) to detect in the middle section of each growth cycle;
the second processing unit (66) is configured with a second processing strategy comprising: substituting the internal temperature, the internal humidity, the nutrient solution supply quantity, the illumination quantity, the external temperature and the external humidity into a growth quality formula, and calculating to obtain a growth quality value of the growth area;
grading the growth areas according to the growth quality values, and when the growth quality values are larger than or equal to a first growth threshold value, grading the growth areas into first growth grades; when the growth quality value is greater than or equal to a second growth threshold and smaller than a first growth threshold, dividing the growth area into a second growth grade; when the growth quality value is less than the second growth threshold, the growth area is classified into a third growth grade.
8. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 7, wherein the growth quality formula is configured as follows:
pszl ═ C1 × [ (WDw-C1) + WDn ] + C2 × [ (SDw-C2) + SDn ] + C3 × YYgj + C4 × GZl; wherein Pszl is a growth quality value, WDw is an external temperature, WDn is an internal temperature, SDw is an external humidity, SDn is an internal humidity, GZl is a light dose, C1 is a temperature offset value, C2 is a humidity offset value, C1 is a temperature conversion ratio, C2 is a humidity conversion ratio, C3 nutrient solution conversion ratio, and C4 is a light conversion ratio.
9. The Internet of things-based fruit and vegetable planting management system according to claim 8, wherein the supply module (3) comprises a nutrient solution supply valve (31) and a maintenance terminal (32), the nutrient solution supply valve (31) is arranged at an outlet of a nutrient solution supply pipeline, the maintenance terminal (32) is in communication connection with the processing module (6), and the maintenance terminal (32) assigns a maintenance person to perform maintenance according to the growth grade of a growth area.
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