CN113933135A - Gram staining kit and method for automatic drop staining - Google Patents
Gram staining kit and method for automatic drop staining Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113933135A CN113933135A CN202111192206.5A CN202111192206A CN113933135A CN 113933135 A CN113933135 A CN 113933135A CN 202111192206 A CN202111192206 A CN 202111192206A CN 113933135 A CN113933135 A CN 113933135A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- staining
- solution
- dyeing
- gram
- washing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003794 Gram staining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012192 staining solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XNKLLVCARDGLGL-JGVFFNPUSA-N Stavudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@H]1C=C[C@@H](CO)O1 XNKLLVCARDGLGL-JGVFFNPUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001203 stavudine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007447 staining method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000224526 Trichomonas Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007630 basic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
- G01N1/31—Apparatus therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnostic reagents, in particular to a gram staining kit and a staining method for automatic drop staining. The gram staining kit comprises a lotion and a staining solution; the moistening and washing liquid is sodium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol aqueous solution. When the automatic drop dyeing is carried out, the operation of rinsing by using the rinsing liquid is added in the dyeing pretreatment, so that the dyeing liquid is quickly spread in the sample area, and the dyeing liquid can be saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnostic reagents, in particular to a gram staining kit and a staining method for automatic drop staining.
Background
In the daily work of laboratories, particularly biological and clinical microbiological laboratories, morphological detection of microorganisms is the most common detection item, various staining methods are flexibly used, and morphological characteristics of microorganisms can be observed more conveniently by means of a microscope. Although there are many kinds of staining methods used in the microbial morphology detection, the staining procedure generally includes smearing, fixing, staining, washing with water, drying, and the like. The basic procedures of gram staining of leucorrhea samples, gram staining of sputum samples and flaking of acid-fast staining are all the same in the clinical common detection items.
The dyeing modes comprise dip dyeing, drop dyeing and spray dyeing. Directly immersing the glass slide in a staining solution during dip dyeing; when the drop dyeing or spray dyeing is carried out, the dye solution needs to be dropped or sprayed on the slide, the problems of spreading time and the use amount of the dye solution exist, the dye solution is not suitable to be spread in a sample area, and the time is changed by measuring for achieving the purpose of quick spreading.
With the development of electronic technology and automation technology, the use of automated instruments has become a necessary trend as a necessary means for clinical microbiological examination. The full-automatic gram staining instrument is used as a basic inspection technology and is comprehensively developed in various large and medium hospitals, and great contribution is made to clinical pathogenic microorganism identification. However, the automatic drop-dyeing gram dyeing instrument has the problem that the used dyeing liquid amount is large and is difficult to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a gram staining kit and a staining method for automated stavus. The invention adds a dyeing pretreatment method, can realize the functions of reducing the dye liquor consumption and realizing the rapid spreading in the sample area. The dyeing pretreatment method provided by the patent increases rinsing operation, can realize rapid spreading of the dye liquor in the sample area during clinical sample dyeing, and simultaneously achieves the purpose of saving the dye liquor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a gram staining kit for drop staining, which comprises a lotion and a staining solution; the moistening and washing liquid is sodium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol aqueous solution.
Preferably, the aqueous sodium chloride solution is physiological saline.
Preferably, the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, n-butanol and isobutanol.
Preferably, the alcohol is methanol or ethanol.
Preferably, the concentration of the alcohol aqueous solution is 1 vt% to 10 vt%.
Preferably, the concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution is 4 vt% to 6 vt%.
In the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the concentration of the alcohol aqueous solution is 5 vt%.
In the invention, the dyeing liquid comprises a primary dyeing liquid, iodine, a decoloration liquid and a secondary dyeing liquid.
The invention also provides a gram staining method for drop staining, which adopts the gram staining kit to stain a biological sample and comprises the following steps:
step (1), coating a biological sample on a sample area, and airing;
step (2) rinsing the sample area with a rinsing solution; the moistening and washing liquid is sodium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol aqueous solution;
and (3) dyeing the sample area by using a dyeing solution.
The purpose of this patent rinse is to spread on the slide fast for the initial staining solution. The phenomenon of rapid spreading after rinsing is a combination of surface tension (the smaller the surface tension, the faster the spreading speed on a hydrophilic glass slide) and similar compatibility (the same polarity mutually dissolves, promoting the spreading of the initial dye).
The invention is used for rinsing the sample area, and the excess rinsing liquid can be removed (poured or thrown away).
Preferably, the dyeing step is: the dyeing steps are as follows: dyeing with the primary dye solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; iodine dyeing for 10-20s, and washing with water; decolorizing the decolorized solution for 5-20 s, and washing with water; dyeing with the secondary dyeing solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; and (5) drying.
Preferably, the step of dyeing is: dyeing for 10s by using the primary dye solution, and washing with water; iodine staining for 10s, and washing with water; decoloring the decolored solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; dyeing with the dyeing liquor for 10s, and washing with water; and (5) naturally airing.
In the present invention, the biological sample is selected from, but not limited to, a leucorrhea sample or a sputum sample.
The invention has the technical effects that:
in the prior art, a step of washing with water is included after fixing and before dyeing, but this operation is to wash away the remaining fixing solution. The effect of quick spreading can not be achieved, and the using amount of the dye liquor is large. When the automatic drop dyeing is carried out, the operation of rinsing by using the rinsing liquid is added in the dyeing pretreatment, so that the dyeing liquid is quickly spread in the sample area, and the dyeing liquid can be saved.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a gram staining kit and a staining method for automatic drop staining, and a person skilled in the art can appropriately improve process parameters by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The reagents or apparatus used in the present invention are commercially available. Staining solutions were purchased from besol.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1 demonstration of the Effect of different lotions on gram staining
20 samples of trichomonas, leukocyte positive, candida, BV and normal leucorrhea were collected. Respectively taking 10 mu L of samples, coating the samples into circular areas with the diameter of 10-15mm, coating 5 smears on each sample, and naturally drying the smears. The procedure for the gram staining was as follows.
And (3) gram dyeing: dyeing for 10s by using the primary dye solution, and washing by using tap water; iodine dyeing for 10s, and washing with tap water; decoloring liquid for 10-20s, and washing with tap water; dyeing with the dyeing liquor for 10s, and washing with tap water; and (5) naturally airing.
Control group: gram stain (no rinse);
experimental group 1: before dyeing, the sample area is rinsed with 0.9% normal saline (the sample area is wetted, and the redundant part is poured off), and then normal gram dyeing is carried out;
experimental group 2: before dyeing, rinsing the sample area with 5% ethanol water solution (wetting the sample area, pouring out the residual part), and performing normal gram dyeing;
experimental group 3: before staining, the sample area was rinsed with 5% methanol solution (the sample area was wetted, and the excess was removed), and normal gram staining was performed.
Performing oil microscopic examination by using a microscope, and if the gram staining conditions of the trichomonas, candida, clue cells, dominant flora and epithelial cells of the control group and the experimental group are not obviously different, determining that the staining effect is acceptable; if the gram staining conditions of the control group and the experimental group have at least one obvious difference in the gram staining conditions of trichomonas, candida, clue cells, dominant flora and epithelial cells, the staining effect is considered to be unacceptable.
Table 1: effect of 0.9% Normal saline rinse on gram staining Performance
Table 2: effect of 5% ethanol solution rinsing on gram dyeing Properties
Table 3: effect of 5% methanol solution rinsing on gram dyeing Properties
From the above table, it can be seen that: the gram staining performance of flora, candida, trichomonas, leucocyte and epithelial cell is not obviously affected by 0.9 percent normal saline rinsing, 5 percent ethanol solution rinsing and 5 percent methanol solution rinsing.
Example 2 verification of the Primary dye spread Effect of different rinse solutions after rinsing
130 random white band samples were collected. Respectively taking 10 mu L of samples, coating the samples into circular areas with the diameter of 10-15mm, coating 5 smears on each sample, and naturally drying the smears. And (5) verifying the spreading effect of the initial dye liquor.
Control group: directly adding the initial dyeing liquid to completely cover the sample area, and recording the number of drops of the initial dyeing liquid used when the sample area is completely covered;
experimental group 1: rinsing the sample area with 0.9% physiological saline (wetting the sample area is enough, and the excess is poured off), and recording the number of drops of the initial dyeing solution when the sample area is completely covered;
experimental group 2: rinsing the sample area with 5% ethanol water (the sample area is wetted, and the excess is poured off), and recording the number of drops of the initial dyeing solution when the sample area is completely covered;
experimental group 3: the sample area was rinsed with 5% methanol solution (i.e., the sample area was wetted and the excess was poured off), and the number of drops of initial dye used when the sample area was completely covered was recorded.
The number of initial dye drops used when counting the complete coverage of the sample area with different rinses is given in the following table.
Table 5: usage amount of different rinse solutions for completely covering sample area
As can be seen from the table:
control group: the probability of 1 drop of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 8.46%; the probability of 2 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 33.85%; the probability of 3 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 63.85%; the probability of 4 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 85.38%.
Experimental group 1: the probability of 1 drop of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 87.69%; the probability of 2 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 96.92%; the probability of 3 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area is 100%;
experimental group 2: the probability of 1 drop of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 90.54%; the probability of 2 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 96.92%; the probability of 3 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 100%.
Experimental group 3: the probability of 1 drop of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 91.54%; the probability of 2 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 96.92%; the probability of 3 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 99.23%; the probability of 4 drops of initial dye completely covering the sample area was 100%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A gram staining kit for drop staining is characterized by comprising a lotion and a staining solution; the moistening and washing liquid is sodium chloride aqueous solution or alcohol aqueous solution.
2. A gram-staining kit according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous sodium chloride solution is physiological saline.
3. A gram stain kit according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol.
4. A gram stain kit according to claim 1 characterised in that the concentration of the aqueous alcohol solution is between 1 and 10 vt%.
5. A gram stain kit according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the staining solution comprises an initial staining solution, iodine, a destaining solution and a restaining solution.
6. A gram staining method for stavudine staining, wherein the biological sample is stained using the gram staining kit of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step (1), coating a biological sample on a sample area, and airing;
step (2) rinsing the sample area with a rinsing solution; the moistening and washing liquid is a sodium chloride aqueous solution or an alcohol aqueous solution;
and (3) dyeing the sample area by using a dyeing solution.
7. A gram staining method according to claim 6, wherein the staining step is: dyeing with the primary dye solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; iodine dyeing for 10-20s, and washing with water; decolorizing the decolorized solution for 5-20 s, and washing with water; dyeing with the secondary dyeing solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; and (5) drying.
8. A gram staining method according to claim 6, wherein the staining step is: dyeing for 10s by using the primary dye solution, and washing with water; iodine staining for 10s, and washing with water; decoloring the decolored solution for 10-20s, and washing with water; dyeing with the dyeing liquor for 10s, and washing with water; and (5) naturally airing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111192206.5A CN113933135B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Gram staining kit and staining method for automatic drop staining |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111192206.5A CN113933135B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Gram staining kit and staining method for automatic drop staining |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113933135A true CN113933135A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113933135B CN113933135B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
Family
ID=79279135
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111192206.5A Active CN113933135B (en) | 2021-10-13 | 2021-10-13 | Gram staining kit and staining method for automatic drop staining |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113933135B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4857459A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-08-15 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Stain for acid-fast bacilli |
| US4992365A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1991-02-12 | Hyman Edward S | Method of detecting bacteria in urine |
| US5009185A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1991-04-23 | Wescor, Inc. | Apparatus for applying a controlled amount of reagent to a microscope slide or the like |
| JP2003169694A (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-17 | Wako Pure Chem Ind Ltd | Gram's staining reagent solution, gram's staining reagent kit, and gram's staining method using the same |
| JP2017099328A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 日水製薬株式会社 | Post-dyeing reagent for gram dyeing and gram dyeing method |
| US20190212234A1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2019-07-11 | Nanocytomics, LLC | Automated staining system |
| CN110016492A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-16 | 吉林金域医学检验所有限公司 | A kind of Gram's stain |
| CN112852717A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-05-28 | 河南牧业经济学院 | Method for efficiently separating and culturing pig mammary epithelial cells |
-
2021
- 2021-10-13 CN CN202111192206.5A patent/CN113933135B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4992365A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1991-02-12 | Hyman Edward S | Method of detecting bacteria in urine |
| US4857459A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-08-15 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Stain for acid-fast bacilli |
| US5009185A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1991-04-23 | Wescor, Inc. | Apparatus for applying a controlled amount of reagent to a microscope slide or the like |
| JP2003169694A (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2003-06-17 | Wako Pure Chem Ind Ltd | Gram's staining reagent solution, gram's staining reagent kit, and gram's staining method using the same |
| JP2017099328A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 日水製薬株式会社 | Post-dyeing reagent for gram dyeing and gram dyeing method |
| US20190212234A1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2019-07-11 | Nanocytomics, LLC | Automated staining system |
| CN110016492A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-16 | 吉林金域医学检验所有限公司 | A kind of Gram's stain |
| CN112852717A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-05-28 | 河南牧业经济学院 | Method for efficiently separating and culturing pig mammary epithelial cells |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 白菊萍: "革兰氏染色技术的相关探讨研究", 医药卫生, vol. 41, no. 1, pages 125 - 126 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113933135B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Kokoskin et al. | Modified technique for efficient detection of microsporidia | |
| US10866171B2 (en) | Accelerated Wright-Giemsa and May-Grünwald staining methods | |
| EP0820525A1 (en) | In situ hybridization solution and process | |
| CN111218444B (en) | Sputum preserving fluid | |
| CN102393318A (en) | Simple and quick preparation method of thin-layer liquid-based cytology cell smear | |
| CN113945440A (en) | Papanicolaou staining kit, preparation method thereof and staining method | |
| EP2022858A1 (en) | Two-Step Gram Staining Method | |
| Sathawane et al. | Nuances of the Papanicolaou stain | |
| CN113933135A (en) | Gram staining kit and method for automatic drop staining | |
| WO2002012881A1 (en) | Rapid papanicolaou staining method for cervico-vaginal specimens | |
| CN107271241A (en) | A kind of frozen section method of Gorky's silver staining nerve fiber | |
| US5508175A (en) | Environmentally safe parasitology fixative and stain | |
| CN113375999B (en) | Acid-fast dyeing method and quality monitoring method | |
| CN208013093U (en) | Vaginal fluid visible component detection reagent external member | |
| US20070054258A1 (en) | Method of removing mucus and cell treatment solution and preservative solution used therefor | |
| Pudasaini et al. | Comparison of Ultrafast Papanicolaou stain with Standard Papanicolaou stain for cervical smear | |
| WO1995017519A1 (en) | Improved three reagent gram staining method and kit | |
| CN115791346A (en) | Mycobacterium tuberculosis acid-fast staining solution and preparation and staining method thereof | |
| CN220084477U (en) | Microorganism staining rack | |
| CN114295452A (en) | Human sperm morphological staining reagent and staining method | |
| WO2015150423A1 (en) | Method for semen analysis | |
| JPH0233358B2 (en) | GURAMUSEN SHOKUHOHO | |
| GB2026015A (en) | Cell smear staining composition and material, and production and use thereof | |
| CN112210584A (en) | Rapid lactic acid bacteria counting method | |
| CN117187003A (en) | Alkaline cleaning solution suitable for full-automatic biochemical analyzer and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |