CN113932943A - Seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG (liquefied Petroleum gas), temperature measuring system and method - Google Patents
Seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG (liquefied Petroleum gas), temperature measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113932943A CN113932943A CN202111536356.3A CN202111536356A CN113932943A CN 113932943 A CN113932943 A CN 113932943A CN 202111536356 A CN202111536356 A CN 202111536356A CN 113932943 A CN113932943 A CN 113932943A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), a temperature measuring system and a method, and relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring and investigation. The temperature sensor comprises optical fibers which are axially wound at equal intervals and are bonded on the positioning rod, a plurality of LPG are written on the optical fibers at equal intervals, one end of each optical fiber is connected with the integrated demodulation module on the deck, and the end face of the other end of each optical fiber is plated with a reflection film. The temperature measurement system comprises a data processing module, an integrated demodulation module, a bearing optical cable and the seawater surface layer temperature sensor, wherein the data processing module, the integrated demodulation module, the bearing optical cable and the seawater surface layer temperature sensor are located on a deck, the integrated demodulation module comprises a light source and a wavelength demodulation module, the integrated demodulation module is connected with an optical fiber of the seawater surface layer temperature sensor through the bearing optical cable, and the wavelength demodulation module is connected with the data processing module. The seawater surface layer temperature sensor, the temperature measuring system and the method disclosed by the invention realize the omnibearing high-resolution three-dimensional monitoring of the seawater interface on the basis of improving the measuring precision and reducing the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring and investigation, in particular to a seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) (long-period fiber grating), a temperature measuring system and a method.
Background
The accurate acquisition of the temperature data of the seawater surface layer (the boundary layer of the seawater interface water) has important scientific significance for the research aspects of climate change, marine environment, national defense and military, aquaculture and the like. The study on the section fine measurement technique of the temperature profile of the boundary layer of the water at the interface of the sea air in the article notes that: researchers in marine fields at home and abroad commonly define the depth range of 0-0.5m of seawater as a boundary layer of seawater at an air interface.
At present, the seawater temperature monitoring mainly comprises a single-point water temperature sensor, far infrared, satellite remote sensing technology and the like. The single-point water temperature sensor is large in size, and the temperature profile data which can be acquired in the depth range of 0-0.5m is limited; far infrared and satellite remote sensing technologies can only obtain temperature data of the surface of seawater, and cannot obtain the internal temperature of the seawater.
At present, a sensor for performing high-precision three-dimensional observation on the temperature of a seawater section of 0-0.5m of a seawater surface layer is available, but an electrical temperature sensor is adopted, so that on one hand, due to the limitation of the size of the electrical temperature sensor, more sensors cannot be arranged in a space of 0-0.5m, the expansibility is not high, and the measurement resolution on the temperature section is low; on the other hand, when the electric temperature sensor is packaged, factors such as sealing, water proofing and the like need to be considered, so that the sensor is complex, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are high, and the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), a temperature measuring system and a method, so as to achieve the purposes of realizing the omnibearing three-dimensional monitoring of a sea-air interface and improving the spatial resolution on the basis of improving the measuring precision and reducing the cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on the LPG comprises optical fibers which are axially wound at equal intervals and are bonded on a positioning rod, a plurality of LPG are written on the optical fibers at equal intervals, one end of each optical fiber is connected with an integrated demodulation module on a deck, and the end face of the other end of each optical fiber is plated with a reflecting film.
In the above scheme, the positioning rod is an optical fiber arrangement screw or an optical axis, and the optical fibers are wound in the optical fiber arrangement grooves on the optical fiber arrangement screw at equal intervals or tightly wound on the optical axis.
In a further technical scheme, the length of the gate region of the LPG is the same as the length of the interval between two adjacent LPGs, and the following relationship is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Lis the gate region length of the LPG/the interval length between two adjacent LPGs,Din order to determine the diameter of the positioning rod,din order to obtain the cross-sectional diameter of the optical fiber,Sis the pitch of the screw.
In the above scheme, two ends of the positioning rod are mounted on the support frame, and the top of the support frame is provided with the optical fiber inlet.
In the above scheme, the diameter of the cross section of the optical fiber is 0.25 mm.
In the scheme, the supporting frame and the positioning rod are made of beryllium bronze or navy copper materials.
In the scheme, the zinc block is arranged outside the support frame and used as a sacrificial anode.
The seawater surface layer temperature measuring system based on the LPG comprises a data processing module, an integrated demodulation module, a bearing optical cable and a seawater surface layer temperature sensor, wherein the data processing module, the integrated demodulation module, the bearing optical cable and the seawater surface layer temperature sensor are located on a deck, the integrated demodulation module comprises a light source and a wavelength demodulation module, the integrated demodulation module is connected with an optical fiber of the seawater surface layer temperature sensor through the bearing optical cable, and the wavelength demodulation module is connected with the data processing module.
In the above scheme, the bearing optical cable comprises a bare optical fiber and an armor protective sleeve wrapped outside the bare optical fiber.
A seawater surface temperature measuring method based on LPG adopts a seawater surface temperature measuring system based on LPG, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a seawater surface layer temperature sensor below the seawater surface layer to enable a positioning rod to be in a vertical state;
then, a light source is started, light emitted by the light source reaches the seawater surface temperature sensor through a bearing optical cable, is transmitted along the optical fiber, reaches the reflecting film on the end face of the optical fiber through a plurality of LPG, is reflected by the reflecting film, returns along the optical fiber and reaches the wavelength demodulation module through the bearing optical cable;
and finally, the wavelength demodulation module demodulates the wavelength after the LPG, and the demodulated optical information enters the data processing module to obtain the seawater surface temperature data.
Through the technical scheme, the seawater surface layer temperature sensor, the temperature measuring system and the method based on the LPG have the following beneficial effects:
1. the LPG temperature sensor adopted by the invention is an optical passive device, the underwater work is safe and reliable, the detection signal is an optical signal, and the technical problems of water tightness and the like of the traditional electric signal detection equipment are solved.
2. The LPG adopted in the invention has the advantages of convenient writing, simple structure and low cost, and has higher temperature sensitivity and measurement precision within 0.01 ℃ compared with the traditional FBG (Bragg grating).
3. The optical fiber written with the LPG is wound on the positioning rod at equal intervals to form the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is distributed in an array type precision distribution in the depth direction of the seawater (500 mm), every two adjacent LPG are spaced by 1mm (the minimum can reach 0.25 mm) of a thread pitch in the depth direction of the seawater, the spatial resolution is greatly improved, and the omnibearing three-dimensional monitoring of the temperature profile of the sea-air interface can be realized.
4. The invention has the advantages that the reflection film is plated on the end face of the optical fiber, the optical information of transmission type LPG can be reflected along the original path, the optical path structure is simplified, and the integrated demodulation module is arranged on the deck, so that the system integration level is higher and the operation is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seawater surface temperature sensor based on LPG according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an optical fiber arrangement on an optical fiber arrangement screw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an LPG array as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring the surface temperature of seawater based on LPG according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a comparison of temperature fitting curves of the LPG based seawater surface temperature sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention and the existing FBG based seawater surface temperature sensor.
In the figure, 1, a positioning rod; 2. an optical fiber; 3. a support frame; 4. an optical fiber entrance; 5. an optical fiber arrangement screw; 6. a fiber placement groove; 7. LPG; 8. a reflective film; 9. a data processing module; 10. an integrated demodulation module; 11. a load-bearing optical cable; 12. a seawater surface temperature sensor; 13. a light source; 14. and a wavelength demodulation module.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention provides an LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) -based seawater surface layer temperature sensor 12 which comprises optical fibers 2 wound and adhered to a positioning rod 1 at equal intervals in the axial direction as shown in figure 1, wherein the diameter of the cross section of each optical fiber 2 is 0.25mm in the embodiment. Two ends of the positioning rod 1 are arranged on the support frame 3, and the top of the support frame 3 is provided with an optical fiber inlet 4. The optical fiber 2 is passed through the optical fiber inlet 4, then wound around the positioning rod 1, and the optical fiber 2 is completely bonded with a thermally conductive silica gel.
The supporting frame 3 and the positioning rod 1 are made of beryllium bronze or navy copper materials, the supporting frame 3 and the positioning rod 1 are made of the same material, and therefore biological adhesion can be prevented, and the electrochemical corrosion phenomenon of different metal materials in seawater can be avoided.
A zinc block can be arranged outside the support frame 3 to be used as a sacrificial anode.
As shown in fig. 2, the positioning rod 1 may be a fiber arrangement screw 5, and the optical fiber 2 is tightly wound in a fiber arrangement groove 6 on the fiber arrangement screw 5. The effective thread length of the optical fiber arrangement screw rod 5 is 500mm, the thread parameters are M33X1.0 (namely the major diameter of the thread is 33.0mm, and the thread pitch is 1.0 mm), the optical fiber arrangement screw rod 5 is in a vertical state (the axis is vertical to the water surface) when being placed under water, and the spatial resolution of temperature measurement is 1mm of one thread pitch.
The positioning rod 1 can also be an optical axis, and the optical fiber 2 is tightly wound on the optical axis. The interval of each circle of optical fiber 2 in the depth direction of the seawater is only 0.25mm of the diameter of the optical fiber 2, and the thread pitch is 0, so that the spatial resolution of temperature measurement can reach 0.25mm, and the spatial resolution of sensor temperature measurement is greatly increased.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of LPGs 7 are uniformly written on the optical fiber 2 to form an LPG array. One end of the optical fiber 2 is connected with an integrated demodulation module 10 on the deck, and the end face of the other end is plated with a reflecting film 8, wherein the reflecting film 8 is a high-reflectivity medium which can be an electrolyte film or a metal film, such as copper, molybdenum, silicon, germanium and the like.
The gate region length of the LPG 7 is the same as the interval length between two adjacent LPG 7, and the following relation is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Lbeing the gate length of the LPG 7/the interval length between two adjacent LPGs 7,Din order to locate the diameter of the rod 1,dfor the cross-sectional diameter of the optical fiber 2,Sis the pitch of the screw.
The method for manufacturing the LPG-based seawater surface temperature sensor 12 of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) a plurality of LPGs 7 with the physical length L are written on a section of the optical fiber 2 placed under water by using ultraviolet laser, and the interval length between every two adjacent LPGs 7 is L.
(2) The section of the tail end of the section of the optical fiber 2 placed under water is plated with a reflecting film 8;
(3) the optical fiber 2 with the LPG array is wound in the fiber arrangement groove 6 of the fiber arrangement screw 5 in a rotating manner, and then the optical fiber 2 on the fiber arrangement screw 5 is completely bonded with the thermally conductive silica gel.
An LPG-based seawater surface temperature measuring system is shown in figure 4 and comprises a data processing module 9, an integrated demodulation module 10, a bearing optical cable 11 and a seawater surface temperature sensor 12 which are positioned on a deck, wherein the integrated demodulation module 10 comprises a light source 13 and a wavelength demodulation module 14, the integrated demodulation module 10 is connected with an optical fiber 2 of the seawater surface temperature sensor 12 through the bearing optical cable 11, and the wavelength demodulation module 14 is connected with the data processing module 9.
The bearing optical cable 11 comprises a bare optical fiber and an armored protective sleeve wrapped outside the bare optical fiber, and the bare optical fiber and the optical fiber 2 in the seawater surface layer temperature sensor 12 can be the same optical fiber.
A seawater surface temperature measuring method based on LPG adopts a seawater surface temperature measuring system based on LPG, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging a seawater surface layer temperature sensor 12 below the seawater surface layer to enable a positioning rod 1 to be in a vertical state; the support frame 3 can be fixedly arranged at the draught line position of the buoy, or arranged on a floating body floating on the water surface, or the equipment per se is lighter, and the support frame 3 can be placed below the water surface by lifting the bearing optical cable 11.
Then, the light source 13 is turned on, light emitted by the light source 13 reaches the seawater surface temperature sensor 12 through the bearing optical cable 11, is transmitted along the optical fiber 2, reaches the reflecting film 8 on the end face of the optical fiber 2 through the plurality of LPG 7, is reflected by the reflecting film 8, returns along the optical fiber 2 again, and reaches the wavelength demodulation module 14 through the bearing optical cable 11;
finally, the wavelength demodulation module 14 demodulates the wavelength after passing through the LPG 7, and the demodulated optical information enters the data processing module 9 to obtain the seawater surface temperature data.
The seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG provided by the embodiment of the invention and the existing seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on FBG are subjected to temperature curve fitting, the fitting result is shown in figure 5, as can be seen from figure 5, the temperature sensitivity of the seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG provided by the invention can reach 400 pm/DEG C, and the temperature sensitivity can reach 0.0025 ℃/pm after inversion, namely the temperature measurement precision can reach 0.0025 ℃; the temperature sensitivity of the FBG can reach 10 pm/DEG C, and the temperature measurement precision is 0.1 ℃ per pm after the inversion, namely 0.1 ℃. Therefore, the temperature measuring accuracy of the seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on LPG is higher.
The spatial resolution of 0.25mm and 1mm in the embodiment of the invention is only two special cases, and the sensors with different resolutions can be configured according to the requirements of users. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The seawater surface layer temperature sensor based on the LPG is characterized by comprising optical fibers which are axially wound at equal intervals and are bonded on a positioning rod, wherein a plurality of LPG are written on the optical fibers at equal intervals, one end of each optical fiber is connected with an integrated demodulation module on a deck, and the end face of the other end of each optical fiber is plated with a reflecting film.
2. The LPG-based seawater surface temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning rod is an optical fiber arrangement screw or an optical axis, and the optical fibers are wound in the optical fiber arrangement grooves on the optical fiber arrangement screw at equal intervals or tightly wound on the optical axis.
3. The seawater surface temperature sensor based on LPG as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gate area length of LPG and the interval length between two adjacent LPG are the same, and the following relationship is satisfied:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Lis the gate region length of the LPG/the interval length between two adjacent LPGs,Din order to determine the diameter of the positioning rod,din order to obtain the cross-sectional diameter of the optical fiber,Sis the pitch of the screw.
4. The LPG-based seawater surface temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two ends of the positioning rod are mounted on a support frame, and the top of the support frame is provided with an optical fiber inlet.
5. The LPG-based seawater skin temperature sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber has a cross-sectional diameter of 0.25 mm.
6. The LPG-based seawater surface temperature sensor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the support frame and the positioning rod are both beryllium bronze or navy copper material.
7. The LPG-based seawater surface temperature sensor as claimed in claim 4, wherein a zinc block is arranged outside the support frame as a sacrificial anode.
8. An LPG-based seawater surface temperature measuring system, which comprises a data processing module positioned on a deck, an integrated demodulation module, a bearing optical cable and the seawater surface temperature sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the integrated demodulation module comprises a light source and a wavelength demodulation module, the integrated demodulation module is connected with an optical fiber of the seawater surface temperature sensor through the bearing optical cable, and the wavelength demodulation module is connected with the data processing module.
9. The LPG-based seawater surface temperature measuring system of claim 8, wherein the bearing optical cable comprises a bare optical fiber and an armored protective sheath wrapped outside the bare optical fiber.
10. An LPG based seawater surface temperature measuring method using the LPG based seawater surface temperature measuring system according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
firstly, arranging a seawater surface layer temperature sensor below the seawater surface layer to enable a positioning rod to be in a vertical state;
then, a light source is started, light emitted by the light source reaches the seawater surface temperature sensor through a bearing optical cable, is transmitted along the optical fiber, reaches the reflecting film on the end face of the optical fiber through a plurality of LPG, is reflected by the reflecting film, returns along the optical fiber and reaches the wavelength demodulation module through the bearing optical cable;
and finally, the wavelength demodulation module demodulates the wavelength after the LPG, and the demodulated optical information enters the data processing module to obtain the seawater surface temperature data.
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Application publication date: 20220114 |