CN113932596A - Lump ore drying device and drying method - Google Patents
Lump ore drying device and drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113932596A CN113932596A CN202111235952.8A CN202111235952A CN113932596A CN 113932596 A CN113932596 A CN 113932596A CN 202111235952 A CN202111235952 A CN 202111235952A CN 113932596 A CN113932596 A CN 113932596A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
- F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/14—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction
- F26B25/16—Chambers, containers, receptacles of simple construction mainly closed, e.g. drum
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lump ore drying device and a drying method, wherein the lump ore drying device comprises: the rotary cylinder is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an exhaust port, and an ore outlet is arranged on the wall of the cylinder close to the lower end of the periphery; the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with an air hole wall with air holes distributed in the circular direction, the peripheral part of the air hole wall is provided with annular hot air bellows, and each annular hot air bellows is provided with an air inlet and communicated with the rotary cylinder through the air holes; the riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotary cylinder and is used for supporting the rotary cylinder to rotate; and the driving device is arranged at the head part of the rotary cylinder and is used for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate. The drying device and the drying method can solve the problems of insufficient removal of crystal water and serious ore pulverization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, in particular to a device for drying lump ore. The invention also relates to a method for drying lump ore.
Background
At present, the ore blocks fed into the furnace generally have high viscosity and high powder content, particularly, the water content of the ore blocks imported overseas generally reaches about 6 percent, and the powder content reaches more than 20 percent. Due to the facts that materials are conveyed by water, the conveying distance is far, logistics links are many, open-air stacking is carried out in the turnover process, and damage is increased when the materials are conveyed and loaded, the powder content of lump ore is even higher than 30%. Meanwhile, the increase of water content of the lump ore causes a large amount of powder to be adhered to the surface of the lump ore, a screen plate of the vibrating screen is often blocked during screening, and the screening effect cannot be achieved, so that the powder ore adhered to the surface of the lump ore finally enters the blast furnace, the air permeability of the blast furnace is influenced, the smelting cost of the blast furnace is increased, and the stable smooth operation of the furnace condition of the blast furnace is also influenced.
With the development of the iron-making blast furnace operation technology and the requirement of high-efficiency economical production of iron-making, the charging proportion of blast furnace lump ore is higher and higher. Because the lump ore as a high-quality iron-containing raw material can be directly put into a furnace for smelting, not only can the agglomeration process and the energy consumption of the agglomerated pellet be saved, the pollution of the agglomerated pellet process to the environment is effectively reduced, but also the domestic and foreign iron ore resources can be fully and reasonably utilized, the TFe content of the lump ore imported from abroad is higher, the charging proportion is improved, the charging grade is favorably improved, particularly when the market price of the lump ore is reasonable, the charging of the lump ore into the furnace is increased as far as possible, the iron-making cost is reduced, and the technical and economic indexes of blast furnace iron-making are improved. However, since natural lump ore is a "raw material", and when it is directly smelted in a blast furnace without high-temperature treatment, the iron ore is broken and pulverized due to the internal stress of the iron ore itself, thermal decomposition of crystal water and carbonate in the iron ore, and evaporation of natural moisture in the upper part of the blast furnace, so that the upper part of the blast furnace is deteriorated in air permeability, which causes the deterioration of the air permeability of the blast furnace, the increase of coke ratio, which brings disadvantages to the normal operation of the blast furnace, and the blast furnace is difficult to operate in severe cases, which severely limits the use ratio of the natural lump ore iron ore in the blast furnace.
The technical progress of iron making leads the use ratio of the natural lump ore iron ore to be improved compared with the prior art, but the use ratio is only below 10 percent on average, which seriously limits the ability of creating economic benefit of iron making. The general method for treating the crystal water of the lump ore mainly comprises the steps of drying the lump ore by using the waste heat of a pellet circular cooler, drying the lump ore by using a pellet vertical furnace, roasting by using a sintering machine, drying the lump ore by using the waste heat of the circular cooler of the sintering machine and the like, but the methods all have the problems of insufficient crystal water removal and serious ore pulverization, are not beneficial to the utilization of the lump ore in the past for a long time, and cause resource waste and aggravate cost burden.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a lump ore drying device and a drying method thereof so as to solve the problems of insufficient removal of crystal water and serious ore pulverization.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lump ore drying device, comprising:
the rotary cylinder is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an exhaust port, and an ore outlet is arranged on the wall of the cylinder close to the lower end;
the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with an air hole wall distributed with air holes in the circumferential direction, the peripheral part of the air hole wall is provided with annular hot air bellows, and each annular hot air bellows is respectively provided with an air inlet and communicated with the rotary cylinder through the air holes; the annular hot air bellows are respectively used for introducing hot air with different temperatures, and the temperature of the hot air introduced by each annular hot air bellows is sequentially increased from the ore inlet to the ore outlet;
the riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotary cylinder and is used for supporting the rotary cylinder to rotate;
and the driving device is arranged at the head part of the rotary cylinder and is used for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate.
Optionally, the riding wheel mechanism is provided with a lifting driving component to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder by changing the height of the riding wheel mechanism.
Optionally, the aperture of the air inlet hole on the air hole wall is less than or equal to 3mm, and the aperture ratio is between 0.5 and 1.5 percent.
Optionally, the revolving cylinder is provided with a gap on the wall of the cylinder near the lower end to form the ore outlet.
Optionally, the air hole walls include a first air hole wall, a second air hole wall and a third air hole wall which are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the rotary cylinder, and the annular hot air bellows includes a first hot air bellows which surrounds the first air hole wall, a second hot air bellows which surrounds the second air hole wall and a third hot air bellows which surrounds the third air hole wall.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lump ore drying method for drying lump ore by using any one of the above lump ore drying devices, including:
the driving device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate, so that the lump ore bin becomes a centrifugal motion state in the rotary cylinder;
conveying lump ore from the ore inlet into the head area of the rotary cylinder;
introducing hot air into an annular hot air bellow from an air inlet, so that the hot air enters a rotary cylinder from an air inlet of an air hole wall to be directly contacted with lump ore, drying and then discharging from an air outlet;
and discharging the dried lump ore from an ore outlet of the rotary cylinder.
Further, comprising:
controlling the flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotary cylinder according to the following formula:
wherein: u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas flow entering the drying chamber, d is the particle size of the dried fluidized lump ore, rho is the fluid density, mu is the fluid viscosity, rho ispThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
Further, comprising: and introducing hot air with the temperature of T1 into the first hot air box, introducing hot air with the temperature of T2 into the second hot air box, and introducing hot air with the temperature of T3 into the third hot air box, wherein T3 is more than T2 and more than T1.
Further, the temperature range of the T1 is 400-450 ℃, the temperature range of the T2 is 500-550 ℃, and the temperature range of the T3 is 600-650 ℃.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides another lump ore drying apparatus, comprising:
the rotary cylinder is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet and a hot air outlet, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with a hot air inlet, and an ore outlet is arranged on the wall of the cylinder close to the lower end;
the inner wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with a plurality of material raising plates distributed in the circumferential direction, each material raising plate is of an inward-protruding hollow structure and is provided with an air inlet, the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with a hollow groove communicated with each material raising plate, the periphery of the hollow groove is provided with annular bellows, and each annular bellows is respectively provided with an air inlet for introducing compressed air; each annular air box is respectively used for introducing compressed air with different temperatures, and the temperature of the compressed air introduced into each annular air box is sequentially increased progressively from the ore inlet to the ore outlet
The riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotary cylinder and is used for supporting the rotary cylinder to rotate;
and the driving device is arranged at the head part of the rotary cylinder and is used for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate.
Optionally, the riding wheel mechanism is provided with a lifting driving component to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder by changing the height of the riding wheel mechanism.
Optionally, the cross section of the material lifting plate is of a trapezoidal hollow structure, and the end part and two sides of the material lifting plate are provided with the air inlet holes.
Optionally, the aperture of the air inlet hole is less than or equal to 1 mm.
Optionally, a head air box is arranged at the upper end of the rotary cylinder, an air inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the rotary cylinder, and the head air box and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected with the rotary cylinder through flexible connection devices.
Optionally, the material raising plate is divided into at least three sections in the length direction of the rotary cylinder, and the material raising plate includes a first section material raising plate forming a first drying section, a second section material raising plate forming a second drying section, and a third section material raising plate forming a third drying section.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides another lump ore drying apparatus for drying lump ore, including:
the driving device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate, so that the lump ore bin is in a throwing motion state in the rotary cylinder;
introducing compressed air into the annular air box, so that the compressed air enters the inner cavity of the lifting plate through the empty groove and enters the rotary cylinder through the air inlet hole in the lifting plate, and a circle of high-pressure air layer is formed around the lifting plate;
conveying lump ore from the ore inlet into the head area of the rotary cylinder;
introducing hot air into the rotary cylinder from a hot air inlet, so that the hot air is directly contacted with lump ore in the process of passing through the rotary cylinder, drying and then discharging from exhaust air;
and discharging the dried lump ore from an ore outlet of the rotary cylinder.
Further, comprising:
controlling the flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotary cylinder according to the following formula:
wherein: u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas flow entering the drying chamber, d is the particle size of the dried fluidized lump ore, rho is the fluid density, mu is the fluid viscosity, rho ispThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
Further, comprising: the temperature of the hot air introduced into the rotary cylinder is THot airAt the drying stage, the temperature T of the compressed airPressing 1Controlling the air volume of compressed air at normal temperature to enable the drying temperature to be 420-450 ℃; in the second drying stage, the temperature of the compressed air is given as TPressing 2Controlling the air quantity of the compressed air of the drying second section to ensure that the temperature of the drying second section is 520-550 ℃; in the three drying stages, the temperature of the compressed air is given by TPressing 3Controlling the air volume of the compressed air in the three drying sections to ensure that the temperature in the three drying sections is at 620-650 ℃ and T isPressing 3＞TPressing 2＞THot air。
Further, said THot airAt 450-500 ℃, TPressing 2At 550 to 650 ℃, TPressing 3Is 650 to 750 ℃.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lump ore drying device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another lump ore drying apparatus disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view B-B of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing six possible motion states of the lump ore bin in the revolving cylinder along with different rotating speeds.
In the figure:
1. rotary cylinder 2, riding wheel mechanism 3, driving device 4, ore inlet 5, exhaust port 6, ore outlet 7, first riding wheel 8, second riding wheel 9, oil cylinder 10, air inlet 11, air hole wall 12, annular hot air bellow 13, air inlet 14, head bellow 15, hot air outlet 16, air inlet pipe 17, hot air inlet 18, material raising plate 19, empty groove 20, annular bellow 21, air inlet 22, sealing device 23 and flexible connecting device
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In this specification, terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" and the like are established based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and depending on the drawings, the corresponding positional relationships may vary, and the direction defined by the characters is preferentially adopted in the direction defined by the characters in the specification, and therefore, the scope of protection is not absolutely limited; moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the lump ore drying device provided by the present invention mainly comprises a rotary cylinder 1, a riding wheel mechanism 2, a driving device 3, and the like.
The rotary cylinder 1 is arranged in an inclined way at an inclination angle of 10-30 degrees, the upward inclined upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet 4, the downward inclined lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an exhaust port 5, and the cylinder wall close to the lower end is provided with a gap which forms an ore outlet 6.
The rotary cylinder 1 is supported at the bottom by a first supporting wheel 7 and a second supporting wheel 8, the rotary cylinder 1 can continuously rotate under the support of the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8, the head of the rotary cylinder 1 is provided with a driving device 3, specifically, a motor can be in meshing transmission with a gear ring at the head of the rotary cylinder through a gear, so that the rotary cylinder 1 is driven to rotate, the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8 are respectively provided with an oil cylinder 9, the heights of the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8 can be changed by controlling the oil cylinder 9, the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder 1 is adjusted, the downward moving speed of lump ore in the rotary cylinder 1 is further controlled, and the drying time of the lump ore is changed.
The wall of the revolving cylinder 1 is provided with an air hole wall 11 distributed with air holes 10 in the circumferential direction, the periphery of the air hole wall 11 is provided with an annular hot air bellow 12, the aperture of the air hole 10 is less than or equal to 3mm, the aperture ratio is 0.5-1.5% so as to prevent lump ore from blocking or entering the annular hot air bellow 12, the annular hot air bellow 12 and the outer wall of the revolving cylinder 1 are sealed through a sealing device 22, and the annular hot air bellow 12 is provided with an air inlet 13 and communicated with the revolving cylinder 1 through the air holes 10.
Specifically, along the length direction of the rotary cylinder 1, the air hole wall 11 is divided into a first air hole wall, a second air hole wall, and a third air hole wall at intervals, and correspondingly, the annular hot air box 12 is divided into a first hot air box surrounding the first air hole wall, a second hot air box surrounding the second air hole wall, and a third hot air box surrounding the third air hole wall, wherein the area corresponding to the first air hole wall forms a first drying section, the area corresponding to the second air hole wall forms a second drying section, and the area corresponding to the third air hole wall forms a third drying section.
The annular hot air bellows 12 are respectively used for introducing hot air with different temperatures, and the temperature of the hot air introduced into each annular hot air bellows 12 is sequentially increased from the ore inlet to the ore outlet. For example, 450 ℃, 550 ℃ and 650 ℃ may be used, respectively.
When the drying device for lump ore runs, the rotary cylinder 1 is driven by the driving device 3 to rotate at a certain speed, so that lump ore bins formed by the lump ore entering the rotary cylinder 1 can be in a centrifugal motion state in the rotary cylinder 1, namely, the lump ore is not deposited at the bottom of the rotary cylinder 1, but is annularly distributed on the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 1 at a certain thickness under the action of centrifugal force and moves downwards under the action of gravity, in the process, hot air introduced into an annular hot air bellow 12 enters the rotary cylinder 1 from an air inlet 10 to be directly contacted with the lump ore to fully and reasonably dry the lump ore, the lump ore is dried through three sections of hot air areas with different temperatures, finally, the flue gas is discharged from an air outlet 5, the air outlet 5 is designed to have micro negative pressure (-25Pa to-75 Pa) so as to prevent the flue gas from being discharged from an ore inlet 4, and the air outlet 5 can have a dust removal function, or the discharged flue gas can be conveyed to subsequent processing equipment for dust removal and the like through a pipeline, the dried lump ore is discharged from the ore outlet 6 of the rotary cylinder 1, enters a conveying device, and enters a blast furnace for use after being screened.
The invention provides a lump ore drying method, which adopts the lump ore drying device to dry lump ore and comprises the following steps:
the driving device 3 drives the rotary cylinder 1 to rotate at a higher speed, so that the lump ore bin is in a centrifugal motion state in the rotary cylinder 1, and is fully contacted with hot air, and the drying efficiency is improved;
according to the centripetal force formula of centrifugal motion formed by lump ore, the rotating speed n of the rotary cylinder 1 is specifically as follows:
F＝mω2r≥mg…………(1)；
ω＝2πn…………(2)；
obtaining the following components:
assuming that the radius r of the rotating cylinder 1 is 2m and the gravity acceleration g is 9.8m/s2And (3) obtaining:
n≥21rpm；
namely, the rotation speed of the rotating cylinder 1 is 21rpm or more.
Conveying natural lump ore to a conveying device (generally a belt) through a lump ore bin, and conveying the lump ore into a head area of the rotary cylinder 1 from an ore inlet 4;
introducing hot air into an annular hot air bellow 12 from an air inlet 13, so that the hot air enters the rotary cylinder 1 from an air inlet 10 of the air cavity wall 11 to be directly contacted with lump ore, drying and then discharging from an air outlet 5;
the particle size distribution of the lump ore is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 lump ore size distribution
| Lump ore particle size | Mass fraction |
| 0-6.3mm | 10-12％ |
| 6.3-12mm | 10-12％ |
| 10-20mm | 45-55％ |
| Over 20mm | 21-35％ |
The flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotating cylinder 1 can be controlled according to the following formula:
wherein: u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas stream into the rotating cylinder 1 and d is the dry fluidized lump ore particle size (according to the lump ore particle size distribution, preference is given to6mm), ρ is the density of the fluid, μ is the viscosity of the fluid, ρpThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
The dried lump ore is discharged from the ore outlet 6 of the rotary cylinder 1.
Considering that the temperatures at which the lump ores with different water contents are likely to crack are different in the high-temperature drying, according to the study, the relationship between the water content of the obtained lump ore and the optimum drying temperature is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 moisture content of lump ore and optimum drying temperature
| Water content of lump ore | Drying temperature |
| <2％ | 650 |
| 2％-4％ | 650℃ |
| 4-6％ | 550℃ |
| >6％ | 450℃ |
The temperatures of the first hot air section, the second hot air section and the third hot air section are gradually reduced according to the drying process, so that the temperatures are respectively controlled to be 450 ℃, 550 ℃ and 650 ℃.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in another embodiment, the lump ore drying device provided by the invention mainly comprises a rotary sleeve 1, a supporting roller mechanism 2, a driving device 3 and the like.
The rotary cylinder 1 is obliquely arranged at an inclination angle of 10-30 degrees, the upward inclined upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with a mine inlet 4 and a head air box 14, the head air box 14 is provided with a hot air outlet 15, the lower end of the rotary cylinder 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 16 to form a hot air inlet 17, and the head air box 14 and the air inlet pipe 16 are respectively connected with the rotary cylinder 1 through flexible connecting devices 23. In addition, the revolving cylinder 1 is provided with a gap on the cylinder wall near the lower end, and the gap forms an ore outlet 6.
When the rotary drum type drying machine works, dry hot air enters the rotary drum 1 through the hot air inlet 17 at the lower end and passes through materials in the rotary drum 1, and hot air flow after drying is discharged from the hot air outlet 15 at the upper end of the rotary drum 1 after dust removal through smoke.
In another embodiment, the air inlet direction of the drying hot air can be reversed, that is, the drying hot air enters the interior of the rotary cylinder 1 from the upper end of the rotary cylinder and then is discharged outwards from the lower end of the rotary cylinder 1.
The rotary cylinder 1 is supported at the bottom by a first supporting wheel 7 and a second supporting wheel 8, the rotary cylinder 1 can continuously rotate under the support of the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8, the head of the rotary cylinder 1 is provided with a driving device 3, specifically, a motor can be in meshing transmission with a gear ring at the head of the rotary cylinder through a gear, so that the rotary cylinder is driven to rotate, the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8 are respectively provided with an oil cylinder 9, the heights of the first supporting wheel 7 and the second supporting wheel 8 can be changed by controlling the oil cylinder 9, the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder 1 is adjusted, the speed of downward movement of lump ore in the rotary cylinder 1 is further controlled, and the drying time of the lump ore is changed.
The hydrous lump ore bin enters the head part of the rotary cylinder 1 through a feeding device, and the lump ore bin can have six motion states in the rotary cylinder 1, such as slippage (a), collapse (b), roll (c), overflow (d), throw (e) and centrifugation (f) as shown in fig. 5. In order to form the throwing state, thereby obtaining the best gas-solid contact and improving the drying efficiency, the material lifting plate 18 is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 1, and the material can form the throwing state by the control of the material lifting plate structure, the combination filling rate and the rotating speed.
Specifically, six material raising plates 18 distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 1, the material raising plates 18 are divided into three sections in the length direction of the rotary cylinder 1, the three sections are respectively a first section material raising plate forming a first drying section, a second section material raising plate forming a second drying section and a third section material raising plate forming a third drying section, each material raising plate 18 is of an inward-protruding and hollow structure, the cross section of each material raising plate is of a trapezoidal hollow structure, air inlet holes 10 are formed in the end portion and the two sides of each material raising plate, the aperture of each air inlet hole 10 is smaller than or equal to 1mm, an empty groove 19 communicated with each material raising plate is formed in the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder 1, an annular air box 20 is arranged on the periphery of each empty groove 19, the annular air box 20 and the outer wall of the rotary cylinder 1 are sealed through a sealing device 22, and the annular air box 20 is provided with an air inlet 21 for introducing compressed air.
When the lump ore drying device operates, the rotary cylinder 1 is driven by the driving device 3 to rotate at a certain speed, so that lump ore bins formed by the lump ores entering the rotary cylinder 1 can be in a throwing motion state in the rotary cylinder 1, namely, the lump ores are not deposited at the bottom of the rotary cylinder but are continuously thrown up and fall down, so that the lump ores can be loosely distributed in the rotary cylinder 1 and move downwards under the action of gravity, in the process, hot air is introduced into the rotary cylinder 1 from the hot air inlet 17, and directly contacts with the lump ores in the process of passing through the rotary cylinder 1 to be dried and then is discharged from the hot air outlet 15, and the dried lump ores are discharged from the ore outlet 6 of the rotary cylinder 1 and conveyed to a blast furnace; meanwhile, the compressed air introduced into the annular air box 20 passes through the empty groove 19, enters the inner cavity of the lifting blade 18, passes through the air inlet 10 on the lifting blade 18, enters the rotary cylinder 1, a circle of high-pressure air layer is formed around the lifting blade 18, the high-pressure air layer can reduce the friction and the abrasion of materials on the lifting blade 18, and heat hot air, so that different drying regions can be dried at different temperatures according to different water contents, the drying of materials is facilitated, and small particles adhered to lump ore can be blown off, thereby reducing the possibility that fine ore enters a blast furnace, and solving the problems of insufficient removal of crystal water and serious pulverization of ore.
The present invention also provides a lump ore drying method for drying lump ore using the above-described lump ore drying apparatus, including:
the rotary cylinder 1 is driven to rotate by the driving device, so that the lump ore bin is in a throwing motion state in the rotary cylinder 1, and is fully contacted with hot air, and the drying efficiency is improved;
introducing compressed air into the annular air box 20, so that the compressed air enters the inner cavity of the lifting blade 18 through the empty groove 19 and enters the rotary cylinder 1 through the air inlet hole 10 on the lifting blade 18 to form a circle of high-pressure air layer around the lifting blade 18;
conveying lump ore from an ore inlet into the head area of the rotary cylinder 1;
introducing hot air into the rotary cylinder 1 from a hot air inlet 17, so that the hot air is directly contacted with lump ore in the process of passing through the rotary cylinder 1, drying and then discharging from a hot air outlet 15;
the flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotating cylinder 1 can be controlled according to the following formula:
wherein: u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas flow entering the drying chamber, d is the particle size of the dried fluidized lump ore, rho is the fluid density, mu is the fluid viscosity, rho ispThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
The dried lump ore is discharged from the ore outlet 6 of the rotary cylinder 1 and conveyed to a blast furnace.
Considering that the temperatures at which the lump ores with different moisture contents are prone to burst are different under high-temperature drying, according to experimental studies, the relationship between the moisture content of the obtained lump ores and the optimal drying temperature is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 moisture content of lump ore and optimum drying temperature
| Water content of lump ore | Drying temperatureDegree of rotation |
| <2％ | 650 |
| 2％-4％ | 650℃ |
| 4-6％ | 550℃ |
| >6％ | 450℃ |
Specifically, the temperature T of the main drying hot air entering the rotary cylinder 1 is givenHot airAt the drying stage, normal temperature air is adopted as compressed air, the temperature is detected at the middle position of the drying stage, and the air volume of the compressed air is controlled, so that the temperature of the drying stage is controlled at 420-450 ℃; detecting the temperature at the middle position of the second drying section, setting the temperature of the compressed air to be 650 ℃, and controlling the air quantity of the compressed air of the second drying section to ensure that the temperature of the second drying section is 520-550 ℃; and detecting the temperature at the middle position of the three drying sections, setting the temperature of the compressed air to be 750 ℃, and controlling the air volume of the compressed air of the three drying sections to ensure that the temperature of the first drying section is 620-650 ℃.
The lump ore drying apparatus and the drying method according to the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. Lump ore drying device, its characterized in that includes:
the rotary cylinder is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an exhaust port, and an ore outlet is arranged on the wall of the cylinder close to the lower end;
the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with an air hole wall distributed with air holes in the circumferential direction, the peripheral part of the air hole wall is provided with annular hot air bellows, and each annular hot air bellows is respectively provided with an air inlet and communicated with the rotary cylinder through the air holes; the annular hot air bellows are respectively used for introducing hot air with different temperatures, and the temperature of the hot air introduced by each annular hot air bellows is sequentially increased from the ore inlet to the ore outlet;
the riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotary cylinder and is used for supporting the rotary cylinder to rotate;
and the driving device is arranged at the head part of the rotary cylinder and is used for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate.
2. The lump ore drying device according to claim 1, wherein the riding wheel mechanism is provided with a lifting driving means to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder by changing the height of the riding wheel mechanism.
3. The lump ore drying device of claim 1, wherein the aperture of the air inlet hole in the air hole wall is 3mm or less, and the aperture ratio is between 0.5 and 1.5%.
4. The lump ore drying device of claim 1, wherein said rotary cylinder is notched on the wall of the cylinder near the lower end to form said ore discharge port.
5. The lump ore drying device of claim 1, wherein the gas bore walls comprise first, second, and third gas bore walls spaced apart along a length of the drum, and the annular hot air bellows comprises a first hot air bellows surrounding the first gas bore wall, a second hot air bellows surrounding the second gas bore wall, and a third hot air bellows surrounding the third gas bore wall.
6. A lump ore drying method for drying lump ore using the lump ore drying apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5 above, comprising:
the driving device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate, so that the lump ore bin becomes a centrifugal motion state in the rotary cylinder;
conveying lump ore from the ore inlet into the head area of the rotary cylinder;
introducing hot air into an annular hot air bellow from an air inlet, so that the hot air enters a rotary cylinder from an air inlet of an air hole wall to be directly contacted with lump ore, drying and then discharging from an air outlet;
and discharging the dried lump ore from an ore outlet of the rotary cylinder.
7. The lump ore drying method of claim 6, comprising:
controlling the flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotary cylinder according to the following formula:
wherein: u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas flow entering the drying chamber, d is the particle size of the dried fluidized lump ore, rho is the fluid density, mu is the fluid viscosity, rho ispThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
8. The lump ore drying method of claim 6, comprising: and introducing hot air with the temperature of T1 into the first hot air box, introducing hot air with the temperature of T2 into the second hot air box, and introducing hot air with the temperature of T3 into the third hot air box, wherein T3 is more than T2 and more than T1.
9. The lump ore drying method according to claim 8, wherein the temperature range of T1 is 400 ℃ to 450 ℃, the temperature range of T2 is 500 ℃ to 550 ℃, and the temperature range of T3 is 600 ℃ to 650 ℃.
10. Lump ore drying device, its characterized in that includes:
the rotary cylinder is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the rotary cylinder is provided with an ore inlet and a hot air outlet, the lower end of the rotary cylinder is provided with a hot air inlet, and an ore outlet is arranged on the wall of the cylinder close to the lower end;
the inner wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with a plurality of material raising plates distributed in the circumferential direction, each material raising plate is of an inward-protruding hollow structure and is provided with an air inlet, the cylinder wall of the rotary cylinder is provided with a hollow groove communicated with each material raising plate, the periphery of the hollow groove is provided with annular bellows, and each annular bellows is respectively provided with an air inlet for introducing compressed air; each annular air box is respectively used for introducing compressed air with different temperatures, and the temperature of the compressed air introduced into each annular air box is sequentially increased progressively from the ore inlet to the ore outlet
The riding wheel mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rotary cylinder and is used for supporting the rotary cylinder to rotate;
and the driving device is arranged at the head part of the rotary cylinder and is used for driving the rotary cylinder to rotate.
11. The lump ore drying device of claim 10, wherein the riding wheel mechanism is provided with a lifting driving means to adjust the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder by changing the height of the riding wheel mechanism.
12. The lump ore drying device of claim 10, wherein the material raising plate has a trapezoidal hollow structure in cross section, and the air inlet holes are opened at an end portion and both sides thereof.
13. The lump ore drying device of claim 10, wherein the aperture of the air intake hole is 1mm or less.
14. The lump ore drying device of claim 10, wherein a head air box is provided at an upper end of the rotary cylinder, an air inlet pipe is provided at a lower end of the rotary cylinder, and the head air box and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected to the rotary cylinder by flexible connection means.
15. The lump ore drying device of claim 10, wherein the material raising plate is divided into at least three sections in a length direction of the rotary cylinder, including a first section material raising plate forming a drying section, a second section material raising plate forming a drying section, and a third section material raising plate forming a drying section.
16. A lump ore drying method for drying lump ore using the lump ore drying apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 15, comprising:
the driving device drives the rotary cylinder to rotate, so that the lump ore bin is in a throwing motion state in the rotary cylinder;
introducing compressed air into the annular air box, so that the compressed air enters the inner cavity of the lifting plate through the empty groove and enters the rotary cylinder through the air inlet hole in the lifting plate, and a circle of high-pressure air layer is formed around the lifting plate;
conveying lump ore from the ore inlet into the head area of the rotary cylinder;
introducing hot air into the rotary cylinder from a hot air inlet, so that the hot air is directly contacted with lump ore in the process of passing through the rotary cylinder, drying and then discharging from exhaust air;
and discharging the dried lump ore from an ore outlet of the rotary cylinder.
17. The lump ore drying method of claim 16, comprising:
controlling the flow rate u1 of hot air entering the rotary cylinder according to the following formula:
wherein:u1 is the flow rate of the drying gas flow entering the drying chamber, d is the particle size of the dried fluidized lump ore, rho is the fluid density, mu is the fluid viscosity, rho ispThe lump ore density is shown, and g is the gravity acceleration.
18. The lump ore drying method of claim 16, comprising: the temperature of the hot air introduced into the rotary cylinder is THot airAt the drying stage, the temperature T of the compressed airPressing 1Controlling the air volume of compressed air at normal temperature to enable the drying temperature to be 420-450 ℃; in the second drying stage, the temperature of the compressed air is given as TPressing 2Controlling the air quantity of the compressed air of the drying second section to ensure that the temperature of the drying second section is 520-550 ℃; in the three drying stages, the temperature of the compressed air is given by TPressing 3Controlling the air volume of the compressed air in the three drying sections to ensure that the temperature in the three drying sections is at 620-650 ℃ and T isPressing 3＞TPressing 2＞THot air。
19. The lump ore drying method of claim 16, wherein T is THot airAt 450-500 ℃, TPressing 2At 550 to 650 ℃, TPressing 3Is 650 to 750 ℃.
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