CN113932473B - Defrosting device and defrosting method for multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump and air conditioner - Google Patents

Defrosting device and defrosting method for multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113932473B
CN113932473B CN202111402708.6A CN202111402708A CN113932473B CN 113932473 B CN113932473 B CN 113932473B CN 202111402708 A CN202111402708 A CN 202111402708A CN 113932473 B CN113932473 B CN 113932473B
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China
Prior art keywords
defrosting
heat exchanger
electromagnetic valve
air conditioning
conditioning unit
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CN113932473A (en
Inventor
李鹏
王鹏帅
高力胜
许如亚
张萌
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Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Ningbo Aux Electric Co Ltd
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Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Ningbo Aux Electric Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37Capillary tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02Defrosting cycles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

The invention provides a defrosting device, a defrosting method and an air conditioner for a multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump, wherein the defrosting device for the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump is used for the multi-machine parallel air conditioner, the multi-machine parallel air conditioner comprises more than two air conditioning units which are arranged in parallel, each air conditioning unit is provided with a fin heat exchanger, the fin heat exchanger of at least one air conditioning unit comprises more than two heat exchange assemblies, the more than two heat exchange assemblies comprise at least one defrosting heat exchanger, the defrosting heat exchanger is provided with defrosting pipelines which are respectively connected with a compressor exhaust port of another air conditioning unit and an air inlet of a gas-liquid separator, and the defrosting pipelines are used for introducing high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerants discharged by the compressor of the other air conditioning unit into the fin heat exchangers for defrosting and returning the refrigerants after the defrosting effect to the original air conditioning unit. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the defrosting heat exchanger, when defrosting is needed, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in another air conditioning unit is introduced to defrost, so that the heating efficiency of the air conditioner is ensured while the defrosting is effectively performed.

Description

Defrosting device and defrosting method for multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump and air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioners, in particular to a defrosting device and a defrosting method for a multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump and an air conditioner.
Background
When the multi-machine parallel air conditioning system heats in winter, in the heat pump heat absorption process, as water vapor in the air is gradually condensed on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger, a thick white frost layer is formed on the surface of the heat exchanger for a long time, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger is seriously affected, and the heat pump heating capacity is greatly reduced. And the long-term heat exchange is poor, and key parts of the air conditioner are extremely easy to damage.
In order to ensure the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger and the heat pump reliability of the air conditioning unit, the main solution is that the compressor is stopped, the four-way valve is switched to a refrigerating state, the compressor is started again to discharge hot air into the outdoor heat exchanger for defrosting, and after defrosting is completed, the compressor is stopped, is switched to a heating state, and then heating is started again. However, the compressor of the air conditioning unit needs to be started and stopped for many times, the power consumption is high in the starting and stopping process of the compressor, and the service lives of key components such as the compressor can be reduced due to the fact that the compressor is frequently started and stopped and the four-way valve is switched.
In addition, in the multi-split system, when one of the multi-split systems adopts a switching refrigeration mode for defrosting, the water temperature in the whole buffer water tank can be influenced, so that the temperature in the water tank is quickly reduced, and the use experience of a user is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, the service life of key parts can be reduced due to the need of repeated start-stop of a compressor and switching of a four-way valve in the defrosting process of the multi-split air conditioner, and meanwhile, the temperature in a water tank can be quickly reduced when one air conditioner adopts a refrigeration mode for defrosting, so that the use experience of a user is affected.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device which is used for a multi-machine parallel air conditioner, wherein the multi-machine parallel air conditioner comprises more than two air conditioning units which are arranged in parallel, each air conditioning unit is provided with a fin heat exchanger, at least one fin heat exchanger of one air conditioning unit comprises more than two heat exchange assemblies, more than two heat exchange assemblies comprise at least one defrosting heat exchanger, the defrosting heat exchanger is provided with defrosting pipelines which are respectively connected with a compressor exhaust port of another air conditioning unit and an air inlet of a gas-liquid separator, and the defrosting pipelines are used for introducing high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the compressor of the other air conditioning unit into the fin heat exchanger for defrosting and returning the refrigerant after defrosting to the original air conditioning unit.
According to the defrosting operation device, part of refrigerant in another air conditioning unit which is in normal heating operation is led into the unit which needs defrosting operation for defrosting, the defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit can be achieved under the conditions that the four-way valve is not stopped or switched, the heating effect of the air conditioning unit which leads out the refrigerant is slightly affected, the heat exchange quantity of the air conditioning unit is slightly reduced, other heat exchange components existing in the defrosting unit continue to participate in the heating operation, at the moment, the heat exchange area of a fin heat exchanger in the defrosting unit is reduced, heat is transferred through fins on the defrosting heat exchanger, the working condition of the fin heat exchanger is changed, the refrigerant in the fin heat exchanger and the refrigerant in the heat exchange component can be timely evaporated and then changed into gas to be returned to a compressor, and the air displacement of the compressor of the defrosting unit is increased, so that the heat exchange quantity of the air conditioning unit is improved, and therefore, the technical scheme in the embodiment has little influence on the total heat exchange quantity of the water tank is kept in a stable state, and the multi-machine parallel air conditioner can provide good heating effect under the defrosting state of the part of the unit.
Further, the defrosting pipeline comprises a defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline and a defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline, one end of the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline is connected with the inlet of the defrosting heat exchanger, the other end of the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline is connected with the exhaust port of the compressor of the other air conditioning unit, one end of the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline is connected with the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger, the other end of the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator of the other air conditioning unit, and a defrosting capillary tube is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline and used for controlling the refrigerant quantity entering the defrosting heat exchanger.
The defrosting capillary tube is arranged to control the refrigerant quantity for defrosting, and can avoid impact on the defrosting heat exchanger in the high-low pressure butt joint process, so that the operation stability of the system is ensured.
Further, a first defrosting electromagnetic valve is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline, a second defrosting electromagnetic valve is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline, and the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve are closed when the air conditioning unit normally operates and are opened when defrosting.
The device is used for controlling the air conditioner unit to start and withdraw from defrosting, and operation refrigerants of another air conditioner unit are not required to be extracted under the normal operation state of the air conditioner unit, so that all the air conditioner units are in the normal operation state, the heating effect of each air conditioner unit is ensured, when defrosting is required, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerants discharged by a compressor of the other air conditioner unit are introduced into a defrosting heat exchanger, low-temperature and low-pressure gas is formed through heat exchange between fins and air, the heated air is blown to a frosted heat exchange component, the frosted surface of the frosted heat exchange component is slowly melted, in the process, a four-way valve is not required to be switched, all the air conditioner units are kept in the heating operation state, the water temperature in a water tank is also kept in the stable state, and the heating effect of the multi-machine parallel air conditioner is effectively ensured.
Further, a first check valve is further arranged between the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the defrosting heat exchanger inlet, and the first check valve is used for preventing the refrigerant in the defrosting heat exchanger from reversely flowing into the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline.
When the first defrosting electromagnetic valve is just opened, the risk that the original refrigerant in the defrosting heat exchanger flows to the exhaust port of the compressor of the other air conditioning unit along the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline exists, the hidden danger is effectively solved by the arrangement of the first one-way valve, and the normal defrosting operation of the defrosting heat exchanger is ensured.
Further, a second one-way valve is further arranged between the second defrosting electromagnetic valve and the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger, and the second one-way valve is used for preventing the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator of the other air conditioning unit from reversely flowing into the defrosting heat exchanger.
When the second defrosting electromagnetic valve is just opened, and the risk that the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator of the other air conditioning unit flows to the defrosting heat exchanger along the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline, the hidden danger is effectively solved by the arrangement of the second one-way valve, and the normal defrosting operation of the defrosting heat exchanger is ensured.
Further, the defrosting heat exchanger is further provided with a refrigerant inlet pipeline and a refrigerant outlet pipeline, the refrigerant inlet pipeline and the refrigerant outlet pipeline are used for connecting the defrosting heat exchanger into a refrigerant circulation system of an air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located, operation electromagnetic valves are arranged on the refrigerant inlet pipeline and the refrigerant outlet pipeline, and the operation electromagnetic valves are reversely associated with the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve for control, wherein the reversely associated control means that when the operation electromagnetic valve is opened, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve are closed; when the operation electromagnetic valve is closed, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve are opened.
The defrosting heat exchanger can participate in normal heat exchange operation of the fin heat exchanger when the air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located does not need defrosting operation, and can block refrigerant in the air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located from entering when the defrosting heat exchanger needs defrosting operation, so that defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is stably and efficiently completed.
Further, a fan blade and a fan motor for driving the fan blade are further arranged on one side of the fin heat exchanger, and the defrosting heat exchanger is arranged on one side close to the fan blade.
When defrosting, the wind blown out by the fan blade firstly exchanges heat through the defrosting heat exchanger to form hot wind, and then the hot wind is blown to the frosted heat exchange assembly, so that the defrosting speed can be further improved on the basis of heat transfer of the fins, and the defrosting time of the air conditioning unit is effectively shortened.
The invention also discloses a defrosting method, which adopts the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device, and comprises the following steps: when the air conditioning unit meets the defrosting condition, a first operation electromagnetic valve and a second operation electromagnetic valve of a defrosting heat exchanger in the air conditioning unit are closed, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve are opened, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the other air conditioning unit is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit to be defrosted, after defrosting is finished, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve are closed, the first operation electromagnetic valve and the second operation electromagnetic valve are opened, and defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is completed.
Through the technical scheme, the defrosting heat exchanger is used as a heat exchanger to participate in heating operation of an air conditioner in normal operation of the air conditioner, when the air conditioner needs defrosting, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in another unit is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger, defrosting of the fin heat exchanger is completed through fin heat transfer and wind blown out by heating fan blades, a four-way valve is not required to be switched in the whole process, water temperature in a water tank is kept in a stable state, and use experience of a user is guaranteed.
The invention also discloses an air conditioner which is a multi-machine parallel air conditioner and is characterized by comprising the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device.
The air conditioner has the same advantages as the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device compared with the prior art, and the description is omitted here.
Further, each air conditioning unit of the air conditioner comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a water side heat exchanger, a main circuit electronic expansion valve, a fin heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator, wherein an exhaust port of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the four-way valve, an outlet of the four-way valve is respectively connected with one end of the water side heat exchanger, one end of the fin heat exchanger and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with an air suction port of the compressor; the system is characterized in that each air conditioning unit of the air conditioner further comprises an enthalpy spraying pipeline, the enthalpy spraying pipeline comprises an enthalpy spraying electronic expansion valve, an economizer, an enthalpy spraying electromagnetic valve and an enthalpy spraying pipeline, the enthalpy spraying electromagnetic valve is arranged on the enthalpy spraying pipeline, the pipeline at the other end of the water side heat exchanger is divided into a main pipeline and an auxiliary pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with the main pipeline electronic expansion valve through the economizer, the auxiliary pipeline is connected with the enthalpy spraying pipeline through the economizer, the enthalpy spraying electronic expansion valve is arranged on the auxiliary pipeline, and the enthalpy spraying pipeline is connected with an enthalpy spraying air suction port of the compressor.
In the enthalpy-spraying path, part of refrigerant passing through the water side heat exchanger passes through the enthalpy-spraying electronic expansion valve and then enters the economizer, the refrigerant in the main path is changed into gas after heat exchange in the economizer, the gas enters the compressor through the enthalpy-spraying air suction port of the compressor, and the medium-pressure cavity of the compressor is used for spraying air, so that the exhaust capacity of the compressor in a low-temperature environment is improved, and the heating efficiency of the air conditioner is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the defrosting device, the defrosting method and the air conditioner for the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump have the following advantages:
according to the invention, through the arrangement of the defrosting heat exchanger, when an air conditioning unit needs to be defrosted, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in another air conditioning unit is introduced to defrost, the problem that the temperature of a water tank is rapidly reduced during defrosting operation in the prior art is solved, the heating efficiency of the air conditioning unit is ensured while defrosting, the defrosting heat exchanger has the functions of participating in normal operation of the air conditioner at ordinary times through the reverse association control of the first defrosting electromagnetic valve, the second defrosting electromagnetic valve, the first operating electromagnetic valve and the second operating electromagnetic valve, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is introduced to defrost during defrosting, so that a single component has different functions under different operating conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-split air conditioner with A, B units connected in parallel in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-split air conditioner with A, B units provided with a heat pump defrosting device in parallel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a defrosting heat exchanger in a B-unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a compressor; 2-four-way valve; 3-water side heat exchanger; 4-a water pump; 5-enthalpy injection electronic expansion valve; 6-economizer; 7-a main electronic expansion valve; 8-fin heat exchanger; 9-a fan motor; 10-fan blades; 11-a gas-liquid separator; 12-enthalpy injection solenoid valve; 13-a water tank; 14-defrosting heat exchanger; 15-a first operating solenoid valve; 16-a second operating solenoid valve; 17-a first defrost solenoid valve; 18-a second defrost solenoid valve; 19-a first one-way valve; 20-a second one-way valve; 21-a first defrost capillary; 22-a second defrost capillary; 23-defrost refrigerant inlet line; 24-defrost refrigerant outlet line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, the multi-split air conditioner comprises A, B two air conditioning units, each air conditioning unit comprises a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a water side heat exchanger 3, a main circuit electronic expansion valve 7, a fin heat exchanger 8 and a gas-liquid separator 11, an exhaust port of the compressor 1 is connected with an inlet of the four-way valve 2, an outlet of the four-way valve 2 is respectively connected with one end of the water side heat exchanger 3, one end of the fin heat exchanger 8 and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11, the other end of the water side heat exchanger 3 is connected with the other end of the fin heat exchanger 8 through the main circuit electronic expansion valve 7, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 is connected with an air suction port of the compressor 1.
Taking a machine set A as an example, during refrigeration operation, the compressor 1 operates to compress low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked by the air suction port into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the fin heat exchanger 8 from the port D to the port E of the four-way valve 2 to exchange heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the water side heat exchanger 3 after being throttled and depressurized by the main electronic expansion valve 7, absorbs heat from water to evaporate into low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the port C of the four-way valve 2, the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 11 from the port S, and the gaseous refrigerant is sucked by the compressor 1 to be compressed again, so that one refrigeration cycle is completed.
Taking an A unit as an example, when in heating operation, the compressor 1 operates to compress low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant sucked by the suction inlet into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the water side heat exchanger 3 from the port D to the port C of the four-way valve 2, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant while heating water, the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the main electronic expansion valve 7 and then flows into the fin heat exchanger 8, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is formed by absorbing heat from air, the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the port E of the four-way valve 2, the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 11 from the port S, and the gaseous refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 to be compressed again, so that one heating cycle is completed.
In the heating process, the fin heat exchanger 8 is easy to frost on the surface of the heat exchanger when absorbing heat from the air, and the heat exchange efficiency of the fin heat exchanger 8 is seriously affected along with the increase of the frost thickness, so that the heating effect of the air conditioner is affected, the use experience of a user is reduced, the conventional defrosting method is to convert the frosted air conditioning unit into refrigeration operation, and the defrosting is usually carried out in the process of converting a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, as can be seen from fig. 1, in the process of heating operation of other units, the refrigeration operation of one unit seriously affects the water temperature in the water tank 13, so that the heating efficiency of the whole air conditioner is reduced, the air conditioning unit in the defrosting process cannot be heated, and the use experience of the user is seriously affected.
The following describes a defrosting device, a defrosting method and an air conditioner of a multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device, which is used for a multi-machine parallel air conditioner, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the multi-machine parallel air conditioner comprises more than two air conditioning units which are arranged in parallel, each air conditioning unit is provided with a fin heat exchanger 8, the fin heat exchanger 8 of at least one air conditioning unit comprises more than two heat exchange assemblies, more than two heat exchange assemblies comprise at least one defrosting heat exchanger 14, the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is provided with defrosting pipelines which are respectively connected with an air outlet of a compressor 1 of another air conditioning unit and an air inlet of an air-liquid separator 11, and the defrosting pipelines are used for introducing high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerants discharged by the compressor 1 of the other air conditioning unit into the fin heat exchanger 8 for defrosting and returning the refrigerants after defrosting to the original air conditioning unit. In this embodiment, by introducing a part of refrigerant in another air conditioning unit in normal heating operation into a unit requiring defrosting operation to defrost, the defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit can be achieved without stopping and switching the four-way valve 2, the setting has little influence on the heating effect of the air conditioning unit from which the refrigerant is led out, the heat exchange amount of the air conditioning unit is slightly reduced, other heat exchange components existing in the defrosting unit continue to participate in the heating operation, at this time, the heat exchange area of the fin heat exchanger 8 in the defrosting unit is reduced, heat transfer is performed through fins on the defrosting heat exchanger 14, the working condition of the air conditioning unit is changed, the refrigerant in the air conditioning unit and the refrigerant in the heat exchange component can be timely evaporated and then become gas to return to the compressor 1, the exhaust amount of the compressor 1 of the defrosting unit is increased, and the heat exchange amount of the air conditioning unit is improved.
It should be noted that, the defrosting pipeline may also be connected to the air outlet of the compressor 1 and the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 of the unit, but the self defrosting technical scheme will seriously affect the heating effect of the unit itself, under the condition that the fin heat exchanger 8 of the unit has frosted, the heating amount is greatly reduced, most of the refrigerant exists in the fin heat exchanger 8 in a liquid state, and at this time, the re-extraction of part of the refrigerant for defrosting of the unit itself will result in the further reduction of the refrigerant entering the water side heat exchanger 3, thereby seriously affecting the heating effect of the unit itself.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the defrosting pipeline includes a defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23 and a defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline 24, one end of the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23 is connected to the inlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14, the other end is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor 1 of another air conditioning unit, one end of the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline 24 is connected to the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14, the other end is connected to the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 of another air conditioning unit, and a defrosting capillary tube is disposed on the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23 and is used for controlling the amount of refrigerant entering the defrosting heat exchanger 14. The defrosting capillary tube can control the refrigerant quantity for defrosting and avoid impact on the defrosting heat exchanger 14 in the high-low pressure butt joint process, so that the operation stability of the system is ensured.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a first defrost solenoid valve 17 is provided on the defrost refrigerant inlet line 23, and a second defrost solenoid valve 18 is provided on the defrost refrigerant outlet line 24, the first defrost solenoid valve 17 and the second defrost solenoid valve 18 being closed during normal operation of the air conditioning unit and being opened during defrost. The device is used for controlling the air conditioner set to start and withdraw from defrosting, and under the state of normal operation of the air conditioner set, the operation refrigerant of the other air conditioner set is not required to be extracted, so that all the air conditioner sets are in the normal operation state, the heating effect of each air conditioner set is ensured, when defrosting is required, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the compressor 1 of the other air conditioner set is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger 14, low-temperature and low-pressure gas is formed through heat exchange between fins and air, the heated air is blown to the frosted heat exchange component, the frost on the surface of the frosted heat exchange component is slowly melted, in the process, the four-way valve 2 is not required to be switched, all the air conditioner sets are kept in the heating operation state, the water temperature in the water tank 13 is also kept in the stable state, and the heating effect of the multi-machine parallel air conditioner is effectively ensured.
In this embodiment, a first check valve 19 is further disposed between the first defrosting solenoid valve 17 and the inlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14, and the first check valve 19 is used for preventing the refrigerant in the defrosting heat exchanger 14 from reversely flowing into the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipe 23. When the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 is just opened, the original refrigerant in the defrosting heat exchanger 14 flows to the exhaust port of the compressor 1 of the other air conditioning unit along the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23, and the hidden danger is effectively solved by the arrangement of the first one-way valve 19, so that the normal defrosting operation of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is ensured.
In this embodiment, a second check valve 20 is further disposed between the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 and the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14, and the second check valve 20 is used to prevent the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 11 of another air conditioning unit from reversely flowing into the defrosting heat exchanger 14. The provision of the second check valve 20 effectively solves the above-mentioned hidden trouble and ensures the normal defrosting operation of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 when the second defrosting solenoid valve 18 is just opened and the refrigerant in the other air conditioning unit gas-liquid separator 11 flows to the defrosting heat exchanger 14 along the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipe 24.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a fan blade 10 is further disposed at one side of the fin heat exchanger 8, and a fan motor 9 for driving the fan blade 10, and the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is disposed at one side close to the fan blade 10. The fan blade 10 is used for blowing air to pass through the fin heat exchanger 8, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the fin heat exchanger 8 and the air is improved, in the embodiment, the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is arranged on one side close to the fan blade 10, when defrosting, the air blown by the fan blade 10 firstly passes through the defrosting heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat to form hot air, and then the hot air is blown to the frosted heat exchange component, so that the defrosting speed can be further improved on the basis of heat transfer of the fins, and the defrosting time of the air conditioning unit is effectively shortened.
Preferably, the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is further provided with a refrigerant inlet pipeline and a refrigerant outlet pipeline, the refrigerant inlet pipeline and the refrigerant outlet pipeline are used for connecting the defrosting heat exchanger 14 into a refrigerant circulation system of an air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located, operation electromagnetic valves are arranged on the refrigerant inlet pipeline and the refrigerant outlet pipeline, and the operation electromagnetic valves are reversely associated with the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 for control, wherein the reverse association control means that when the operation electromagnetic valves are opened, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 are closed; when the operation solenoid valve is closed, the first defrosting solenoid valve 17 and the second defrosting solenoid valve 18 are opened. The defrosting heat exchanger 14 can participate in normal heat exchange operation of the fin heat exchanger 8 when the air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located does not need defrosting operation, and can block refrigerant in the air conditioning unit where the defrosting heat exchanger is located from entering when the defrosting heat exchanger needs defrosting operation, so that defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is stably and efficiently completed, the utilization rate of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is improved, and space occupation of the air conditioning unit is effectively reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device, which is used for a multi-machine parallel air conditioner, and particularly as shown in fig. 2, the air conditioner comprises an A machine set and a B machine set which are arranged in parallel, wherein each of the A machine set and the B machine set is provided with a fin heat exchanger 8, the fin heat exchangers 8 of the A machine set and the B machine set respectively comprise 3 heat exchange components, one of the fin heat exchangers 14 is a defrosting heat exchanger 14, an inlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 of the A machine set is connected with an exhaust port of the B machine set compressor 1 through a defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23, a first defrosting capillary tube 21 is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline 23, an outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 of the A machine set is connected with an air inlet of the B machine set compressor 11 through a defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline 24, an inlet of the B machine set is provided with a second capillary tube 22, an outlet of the B machine set is connected with an air inlet of the A machine set air-liquid separator 11 through another defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline 24, the water side heat exchanger 3 comprises an air conditioner side heat exchange pipeline and a water tank side heat exchange pipeline 13, and a water tank side heat exchange pipeline 13 is arranged between the water tank side heat exchange pipeline and a water tank 13 and a water tank 4, and a water tank is arranged between the water tank and the water tank is driven by the water tank 4, and the water tank is driven by the water tank heat pump and the water tank is driven by the water pump.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the operation solenoid valve includes a first operation solenoid valve 15 and a second operation solenoid valve 16, where the first operation solenoid valve 15 and the second operation solenoid valve 16 are respectively disposed on the refrigerant inlet pipe and the refrigerant outlet pipe, and are used for switching in or switching out the defrosting heat exchanger 14 from the refrigerant circulation of the unit.
Through the arrangement, when the A unit needs to defrost, the first operation electromagnetic valve 15 and the second operation electromagnetic valve 16 of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 in the A unit are closed, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 are opened, part of high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the B unit enters the defrosting heat exchanger 14 of the A unit, the defrosting heat exchanger 14 and the other two heat exchange components in the A unit are removed through heat transfer of fins and hot air formed by blowing the fan blade 10 through the defrosting heat exchanger 14, in the heating and heat exchange processes of the other two heat exchange components in the B unit and the A unit, user experience can be effectively ensured, when the defrosting of the fin heat exchanger 8 of the A unit is finished, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 are closed, the first operation electromagnetic valve 15 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 16 are opened, and the defrosting heat exchanger 14 and the other two heat exchange components are all involved in the heating and heat exchange process of the air conditioner. The defrosting operation of the B unit is the same as that of the B unit, and the heating effect of each air conditioning unit is not obviously reduced in the defrosting process, so that the defrosting operation of the fin heat exchanger 8 is finished under the condition of ensuring the use experience of a user, the four-way valve 2 is not stopped and switched in the process, and the service life of key parts of the air conditioner is ensured.
Example 3
The present embodiment discloses a defrosting method for controlling the multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device as described in embodiment 1 or 2 to defrost.
The defrosting method comprises the following steps:
when the air conditioning unit meets the defrosting condition, the air conditioning unit defrosting mode is started, the first operating electromagnetic valve 15 and the second operating electromagnetic valve 16 of the defrosting heat exchanger 14 in the air conditioning unit are closed, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 are opened, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the other air conditioning unit is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger 14 of the air conditioning unit to be defrosted for defrosting, after defrosting is finished, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve 17 and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve 18 are closed, the first operating electromagnetic valve 15 and the second operating electromagnetic valve 16 are opened, the defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is completed, and the air conditioning unit defrosting mode is exited.
Through the above technical scheme, the defrosting heat exchanger 14 is used as a heat exchanger to participate in the heating operation of the air conditioner in the normal operation of the air conditioner, when the air conditioner needs defrosting, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the other unit is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger 14, the defrosting operation of the fin heat exchanger 8 is completed through fin heat transfer and the wind blown out by the heating fan blade 10, the whole process is not stopped, the four-way valve 2 is not required to be switched, the water temperature in the water tank 13 is also kept in a stable state, and the use experience of a user is ensured.
It should be noted that, the determination that the air conditioning unit satisfies the defrosting condition and the determination that the defrosting is completed may be performed by using the determination conditions in the prior art, and the improvement of the foregoing is not related to the present invention, which is not repeated herein.
Preferably, during the defrosting process, the fan blade 10 operates at a low wind speed, so as to obtain a better defrosting effect.
Example 4
The embodiment discloses an air conditioner, which is a multi-machine parallel air conditioner, and the air conditioner comprises the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device described in embodiment 1 or 2, or the air conditioner adopts the defrosting method described in embodiment 3.
The air conditioner has the same advantages as those of the multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device described in embodiment 1 or 2 or the defrosting method described in embodiment 3 compared with the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Specifically in this embodiment, each air conditioning unit of the air conditioner includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a water side heat exchanger 3, a main circuit electronic expansion valve 7, a fin heat exchanger 8, and a gas-liquid separator 11, an exhaust port of the compressor 1 is connected with an inlet of the four-way valve 2, an outlet of the four-way valve 2 is connected with one end of the water side heat exchanger 3, one end of the fin heat exchanger 8, and an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 11, and the other end of the water side heat exchanger 3 is connected with the other end of the fin heat exchanger 8 through the main circuit electronic expansion valve 7, and an outlet of the gas-liquid separator 11 is connected with an air suction port of the compressor 1.
As an embodiment of the present invention, each air conditioning unit of the air conditioner further includes an enthalpy injection path, where the enthalpy injection path includes an enthalpy injection electronic expansion valve 5, an economizer 6, an enthalpy injection solenoid valve 12, and an enthalpy injection pipeline, the enthalpy injection solenoid valve 12 is disposed on the enthalpy injection pipeline, the pipeline at the other end of the water side heat exchanger 3 is divided into a main pipeline and a secondary pipeline, the main pipeline is connected to the main pipeline electronic expansion valve 7 through the economizer 6, the secondary pipeline is connected to the enthalpy injection pipeline through the economizer 6, the enthalpy injection electronic expansion valve 5 is disposed on the secondary pipeline, and the enthalpy injection pipeline is connected to the enthalpy injection suction port of the compressor 1.
In the enthalpy injection path, part of the refrigerant passing through the water side heat exchanger 3 passes through the enthalpy injection electronic expansion valve 5 and then enters the economizer 6, and the refrigerant in the main path is changed into gas after heat exchange in the economizer 6, and enters the compressor 1 through the enthalpy injection air suction port of the compressor 1, and the medium-pressure cavity of the compressor 1 is injected, so that the exhaust capacity of the compressor 1 in a low-temperature environment is improved, and the heating efficiency of the air conditioner is improved.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device, is used for multi-machine parallel air conditioner, its characterized in that, multi-machine parallel air conditioner includes the air conditioning unit that two more parallels set up, and every air conditioning unit includes compressor (1), four-way valve (2), water side heat exchanger (3), main way electronic expansion valve (7), fin heat exchanger (8), gas-liquid separator (11), the gas vent of compressor (1) is connected with four-way valve (2) entry, the export of four-way valve (2) is connected with one end of water side heat exchanger (3), one end of fin heat exchanger (8), gas-liquid separator (11) entry respectively, the other end of the water side heat exchanger (3) is connected with the other end of the fin heat exchanger (8) through a main circuit electronic expansion valve (7), wherein the fin heat exchanger (8) of at least one air conditioning unit comprises more than two heat exchange assemblies, more than two heat exchange assemblies comprise at least one defrosting heat exchanger (14), the defrosting heat exchanger (14) is provided with defrosting pipelines which are respectively connected with an air outlet of a compressor (1) and an air inlet of a gas-liquid separator (11) of another air conditioning unit, the defrosting pipelines are used for introducing high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the compressor (1) of the other air conditioning unit into the fin heat exchanger (8) for defrosting and returning the refrigerant after defrosting to the original air conditioning unit without stopping the machine, the defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is realized under the condition of not switching the four-way valve (2), the defrosting pipeline comprises a defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline (23) and a defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline (24), one end of the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline (23) is connected with the inlet of the defrosting heat exchanger (14), the other end of the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline (23) is connected with the exhaust port of the compressor (1) of the other air conditioning unit, one end of the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline (24) is connected with the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger (14), the other end of the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet of the other air conditioning unit gas-liquid separator (11), a first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant inlet pipeline (23), a second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) is arranged on the defrosting refrigerant outlet pipeline (24), the first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are closed when the air conditioning unit normally operates, the defrosting heat exchanger (14) is also provided with a refrigerant inlet pipeline and a refrigerant outlet pipeline, the refrigerant outlet pipeline are used for connecting the defrosting heat exchanger (14) into a circulating system of the air conditioning unit, the air conditioning unit is provided with the first electromagnetic valve (16) and the second electromagnetic valve (15) and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve (16) are respectively arranged on the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve (16) and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve (16) respectively the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve (15) and the electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve, the defrosting heat exchanger (14) is used for connecting or disconnecting the refrigerant circulation of the unit; the operation electromagnetic valve and the first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are reversely associated to control, wherein the reversely associated control means that when the operation electromagnetic valve is opened, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are closed; when the operation electromagnetic valve is closed, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are opened.
2. A multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrost device according to claim 1, characterised in that a defrost capillary is provided on the defrost refrigerant inlet line (23) for controlling the amount of refrigerant entering the defrost heat exchanger (14).
3. A multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first non-return valve (19) is further arranged between the first defrosting solenoid valve (17) and the defrosting heat exchanger (14) inlet, the first non-return valve (19) being used for preventing the refrigerant in the defrosting heat exchanger (14) from flowing back into the defrosting refrigerant inlet line (23).
4. A multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a second one-way valve (20) is arranged between the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) and the outlet of the defrosting heat exchanger (14), and the second one-way valve (20) is used for preventing the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator (11) of another air conditioning unit from reversely flowing into the defrosting heat exchanger (14).
5. A multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump defrosting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a fan blade (10) and a fan motor (9) for driving the fan blade (10) are further arranged on one side of the fin heat exchanger (8), and the defrosting heat exchanger (14) is arranged on one side close to the fan blade (10).
6. A defrosting method using the multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
when the air conditioning unit meets defrosting conditions, a first operation electromagnetic valve (15) and a second operation electromagnetic valve (16) of a defrosting heat exchanger (14) in the air conditioning unit are closed, a first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and a second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are opened, a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the other air conditioning unit is introduced into the defrosting heat exchanger (14) of the air conditioning unit to be defrosted, after defrosting is finished, the first defrosting electromagnetic valve (17) and the second defrosting electromagnetic valve (18) are closed, and the first operation electromagnetic valve (15) and the second operation electromagnetic valve (16) are opened, so that defrosting operation of the air conditioning unit is completed.
7. An air conditioner which is a multi-machine parallel air conditioner, characterized in that the air conditioner comprises the multi-machine parallel low temperature heat pump defrosting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. An air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein an outlet of the gas-liquid separator (11) is connected to an intake port of the compressor (1); the air conditioner is characterized in that each air conditioning unit of the air conditioner further comprises an enthalpy spraying path, the enthalpy spraying path comprises an enthalpy spraying electronic expansion valve (5), an economizer (6), an enthalpy spraying electromagnetic valve (12) and an enthalpy spraying pipeline, the enthalpy spraying electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged on the enthalpy spraying pipeline, the pipeline at the other end of the water side heat exchanger (3) is divided into a main pipeline and an auxiliary pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with the main pipeline electronic expansion valve (7) through the economizer (6), the auxiliary pipeline is connected with the enthalpy spraying pipeline through the economizer (6), the enthalpy spraying electronic expansion valve (5) is arranged on the auxiliary pipeline, and the enthalpy spraying pipeline is connected with an enthalpy spraying suction port of the compressor (1).
CN202111402708.6A 2021-11-24 2021-11-24 Defrosting device and defrosting method for multi-machine parallel low-temperature heat pump and air conditioner Active CN113932473B (en)

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CN109520031A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 The air-conditioning system of defrost and heating is carried out simultaneously
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