CN113930976A - Preparation method of environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
- D06N3/009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin by spraying components on the web
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/128—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with silicon polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
- D06N2203/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06N2203/066—Silicon polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
- D06N2205/02—Dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/12—Permeability or impermeability properties
- D06N2209/121—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- D06N2209/123—Breathable
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/14—Properties of the materials having chemical properties
- D06N2209/142—Hydrophobic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water guide based on non-woven fabrics, which comprises the following steps: preparing ormosil solution by a sol-gel method at normal temperature and pressure through four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion; mixing the silica gel liquid and the curing agent according to a ratio, adding tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a PDMS solution; cutting the non-woven fabric, and spraying a PDMS solution on the surface of the non-woven fabric by using an interlayer spraying method, then spraying an ormosil dispersion solution, and finally spraying a PDMS solution to obtain the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer one-way water guide coating material. Compared with the prior art, the method is environment-friendly and simple in process, solves the problems of low hydrophobicity of single spraying PDMS and poor adhesion of single spraying ormosil, and has unidirectional water guiding and excellent air permeability. Therefore, the material can be used for functional moisture absorption and sweat releasing textiles, can also be used in the fields of diaper, facial mask, medical treatment and health, separation and filtration and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water guide, belonging to the application field of non-woven fabrics and other textile coating materials.
Background
Unidirectional water diversion is a common phenomenon in the nature, such as lotus leaf surface, cactus palmate, spider silk, pitcher plant and the like, and researchers pay attention to the unidirectional water diversion phenomenon through the inspiration of the nature. The one-way water guide material is mainly applied to functional moisture absorption and sweat releasing textiles, can rapidly absorb moisture in a humid environment to realize a quick-drying effect, prevents water from permeating in the opposite direction, and effectively prevents eczema, scabies and various fungal skin diseases. At present, the formation of a hydrophobic surface for preparing a single-direction water-conducting material is mainly controlled by two factors, one is surface roughness, and the construction of the surface roughness is essentially the construction of a secondary micro-nano structure; the second is low surface energy modification, and the most important is the adoption of fluorine-containing and long silicon-carbon chain compounds at present. However, fluorine-containing compounds, especially fluorine-containing monomers with longer perfluoroalkyl chains (C is more than or equal to 8), are easy to be oxidized and decomposed in natural environment to generate organic pollutants which are difficult to degrade, such as perfluorocarboxylic acid or sulfonyl compounds, and the like, such as perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and the like, and have serious harm to the environment and human health.
For example, chinese patent CN202010854161.2 discloses "a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic, transparent, and durable coating and application thereof," which is to graft and modify low surface energy molecules on the surface of nanoparticles to realize the modification of the low surface energy of the nanoparticles, mix the modified nanoparticles with room temperature curing resin having excellent mechanical properties to obtain a uniform dispersion, and deposit the dispersion on the surface of a substrate by spin coating or spray coating to prepare the super-hydrophobic, transparent, and durable coating. The room temperature curing resin adopted in the preparation process is a net structure with long fluorine-based chains, epoxy groups and silicon-oxygen chains. For example, chinese patent CN202110651757.7 discloses a "method for preparing a highly pressure-resistant, easy-to-clean, super-hydrophobic fabric", which comprises using water as a solvent and an acid as a catalyst, and performing hydrolytic condensation of alkyl silane, fluorosilane and a silane coupling agent to respectively prepare an alkyl silane polymer suspension and a fluorosilane polymer suspension; and then soaking the fabric in an alkyl silane polymer suspension for 5 seconds to 10 minutes, soaking the fabric in a fluorosilane polymer suspension for 5 seconds to 10 minutes after curing treatment, and obtaining the high-pressure-resistance easy-to-clean super-hydrophobic fabric after curing treatment.
Therefore, the environment-friendly PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) is used as a low surface energy modifier, the ormosil (silicon aerogel particles) is used for improving the surface roughness, the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric is simply prepared, and the hydrophobic property of the material can be effectively improved. The surface energy of the fluorine-free silane is generally higher than that of the fluorine-containing silane, so in order to further improve the hydrophobic property of the material, the surface of the material is sprayed by ormosil, the roughness of the surface is improved, and the hydrophobicity is improved. However, since the adhesion of the ormosil alone is poor and the ormosil cannot be stably adhered to the nonwoven fabric, the interlayer spraying method is adopted by utilizing the high viscosity of the PDMS, namely, a layer of PDMS is firstly sprayed on the surface of the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric, then the ormosil is sprayed, and finally a layer of PDMS is sprayed. The interlayer spraying not only enables ormosil to be stably attached to the surface of the material and improves the roughness of the surface of the material, but also has the characteristic of low surface energy of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), and further improves the unidirectional water guiding capability. The environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material prepared based on the hydrophilic non-woven fabric has both unidirectional water guiding and excellent air permeability. Therefore, the material can be applied to functional moisture absorption and sweat releasing textiles, and can also be applied to the fields of diaper, facial mask, medical treatment and health, separation and filtration and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the preparation method of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion is provided, the simple interlayer spraying method is adopted to prepare the environment-friendly fluorine-free coating with unidirectional water diversion on the surface of the hydrophilic non-woven fabric, and the problems of complex operation, environment pollution, poor adhesion of single ormosil and the like of unidirectional water diversion material preparation are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
step one, preparing ormosil dispersion liquid, and preparing uniformly dispersed ormosil solution by adopting a sol-gel method at normal temperature and normal pressure through four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion;
step two, preparing PDMS coating dispersion liquid, mixing silica gel liquid and silica gel curing agent according to a proportion, adding tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring and performing ultrasound to prepare uniformly dispersed PDMS coating solution;
step three, preparing the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material, weighing and cutting the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, uniformly spraying the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the surface of the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric by adopting an interlayer spraying method, then uniformly spraying the prepared ormosil dispersion liquid, and finally uniformly spraying the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid once again to obtain the prepared environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer single-direction water guide material.
Further, the preparation of the ormosil dispersion liquid in the step one adopts a sol-gel method at normal temperature and pressure, and comprises four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion, wherein the four steps comprise: adding oxalic acid into MTMS (methyl trimethoxy silane) diluted by methanol, stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor, and standing for 24h for sufficient hydrolysis; after hydrolysis, slowly adding a catalyst, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor to perform condensation reaction; after condensation, standing for 48 hours for aging; after aging, methanol is added for dilution, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min to prepare a uniformly dispersed ormosil solution.
Further, the concentration of oxalic acid required in the hydrolysis process in the step one is 0.001mol/L, and the volume ratio of MTMS to methanol is 1: 6-1: 8; the catalyst in the condensation process is distilled water and ammonia water, and the volume ratio is 1: 4-1: 6; each uniform spraying time is 25cm2The viscose spunlace non-woven fabric needs 0.6mL of oxalic acid, 7-9 mL of MTMS mixed solution diluted by methanol, 0.5-0.7 mL of catalyst and 30mL of aged methanol.
Further, preparing the PDMS coating dispersion liquid in the step (2), mixing the silica gel liquid and the silica gel curing agent according to a ratio, adding tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor, and finally performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain the uniformly dispersed PDMS coating solution. The proportion of the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid is that according to the volume ratio, the ratio of the silica gel curing agent to the silica gel liquid is 1: 9-1: 11; each uniform spraying time is 25cm2The viscose spunlace non-woven fabric needs 0.5-0.6 mL of mixed solution of silica gel liquid and silica gel curing agent and 60mL of tetrahydrofuran.
Further, preparing the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material in the step (3), weighing and cutting the viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, uniformly spraying the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the surface of the viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric by adopting an interlayer spraying method, then uniformly spraying the prepared ormosil dispersion liquid, and finally uniformly spraying the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid once again to obtain the prepared environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer single-direction water guide material. The method comprises the following steps: cutting the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, fixing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric on a vertical flat plate, and adopting an interlayer spraying mode at a position 12cm away from a muzzle of an automatic spray gun, firstly uniformly spraying a first PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the upper surface and the lower surface of the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, then uniformly spraying an intermediate layer, namely an ormosil dispersion liquid, on the basis of the first PDMS coating dispersion liquid, finally uniformly spraying an outermost PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the basis of the second PDMS coating dispersion liquid, and then putting the mixture into a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying for 2h to prepare the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material which is based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric and can be used for unidirectional water guiding.
Further, the PDMS coating dispersion in the step (3) is sprayed for 25cm each time22.5-3.5 mL is needed; the ormosil dispersion was sprayed for 25cm per spray22.0 to 3.5mL is required.
The invention has the advantages that:
the environment-friendly PDMS is adopted to replace fluorine-containing and long silicon carbon chain compounds to be used as a modifier with low surface energy for preparing the hydrophobic surface of the material, and the PDMS is simple to prepare, low in cost and more environment-friendly.
The sandwich structure is prepared by a sandwich spraying method. The surface energy of the fluorine-free silane is generally higher than that of the fluorine-containing silane, so in order to further improve the hydrophobic property of the material, the surface of the material is sprayed by ormosil, the roughness of the surface is improved, and the hydrophobicity is improved. However, since ormosil has poor adhesion and cannot be stably adhered to the nonwoven fabric, the PDMS has high viscosity, and a sandwich spraying method is adopted, i.e., a layer of PDMS is firstly sprayed on the surface of the hydrophilic nonwoven fabric, then ormosil is sprayed, and finally a layer of PDMS is sprayed. The interlayer spraying not only enables ormosil to be stably attached to the surface of the material, improves the roughness of the surface of the material, but also has one-way water guiding and excellent air permeability.
The contact angle between the hydrophobic surface prepared by the method and water can reach 137 degrees, the hydrophobic surface has good air permeability, and the air permeability is not obviously reduced along with the increase of the thickness after spraying. Therefore, the prepared material can be applied to functional moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing textiles, and can also be applied to various fields such as diapers, facial masks, medical treatment and sanitation, separation and filtration and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
FIG. 1 is a surface SEM image of an environmentally-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a surface SEM image of an ormosil coating material prepared as described in comparative example one;
FIG. 3 is a surface SEM image of a PDMS coating material prepared as described in comparative example two;
FIG. 4 is a surface SEM image of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven;
FIG. 5 is a water static contact angle of a hydrophobic portion of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in the first example;
FIG. 6 is an infrared spectrum of the hydrophobic surface of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in the first example with the surface of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the first comparative example, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the second comparative example;
FIG. 7 is an XPS spectrum of the hydrophobic surface of one environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in example one with the surface of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example one, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example two;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the contact angles of the hydrophobic surface of one environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in example one with the contact angles of the surface of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example one, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example two;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the water passage time of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water passage prepared in example one with that of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, a material prepared in comparative example one, and a material prepared in comparative example two;
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the thickness of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in example one with the thickness of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven, the material prepared in comparative example one, the material prepared in comparative example two;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing air permeability of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in example one with that of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven, a material prepared in comparative example one, and a material prepared in comparative example two;
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures, examples and comparative examples are described further below. However, the invention is not limited to the embodiments listed but also encompasses any other known variations within the scope of the invention as claimed.
First, reference herein to "embodiment one" or "embodiment one" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The present invention is described in detail by using the schematic structural diagrams, etc., and for convenience of illustration, the schematic diagrams are not enlarged partially according to the general scale when describing the embodiments of the present invention, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the actual fabrication process should include three-dimensional space of length, width and depth.
In addition, the acronyms referred to in the invention are all fixed acronyms in the field, wherein part of the letters are explained as follows: PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; ormosil: silica aerogel particles; MTMS: methyltrimethoxysilane; SEM: electronic scanning and image display; EDS: an energy spectrum; XPS: analyzing a spectrogram by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; NF: a nonwoven fabric.
Example one
The embodiment prepares the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water guide according to the following steps:
first step, preparation of an ormosil dispersion
The method adopts a sol-gel method at normal temperature and normal pressure and comprises four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion. The method comprises the following steps: adding 0.6mL of oxalic acid with the concentration of 0.001mol/L into MTMS diluted by methanol, stirring for 30min by a magnetic rotor according to the volume ratio of MTMS to methanol being 1: 7, and standing for 24h for sufficient hydrolysis; after hydrolysis, slowly adding a catalyst, namely a mixed solution of 0.5mL of ammonia water and 0.1mL of distilled water, stirring the mixed solution for 30min by a magnetic rotor according to the volume ratio of the distilled water to the ammonia water of 1: 5 to perform condensation reaction; after condensation, standing for 48 hours for aging; after aging, methanol is added for dilution and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, and an ormosil solution which is uniformly dispersed is prepared.
Second step, preparing PDMS coating dispersion
Mixing 0.5mL of silica gel solution and 0.05mL of silica gel curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 10, adding 60mL of tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring with a magnetic rotor for 30min, and finally performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain the uniformly dispersed PDMS solution.
Step three, preparing the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material
Cutting a 5 x 5cm viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, fixing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric on a vertical flat plate, and fixing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric at a position 12cm away from a muzzle of an automatic spray gun, adopting an interlayer spraying mode, namely uniformly spraying a first layer of 3mL PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the surface of the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, then uniformly spraying an intermediate layer, namely 2.5mL ormosil dispersion liquid on the basis of the first layer, finally uniformly spraying an outermost layer of 3mL PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the basis of the second layer, and then putting the mixture into a 60 ℃ oven for drying for 2h to prepare the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material which is based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric and can be used for unidirectional water diversion.
Referring to fig. 1, a surface condition of an environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material based on viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric and capable of unidirectionally guiding water is shown, and fig. 1 is a surface SEM image prepared in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, due to the high viscosity of PDMS, ormosil can be well adhered to the surface of the material by using the sandwich spraying method.
Referring to fig. 5, a hydrophobic surface condition of the viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric-based environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion is shown, and fig. 5 is a water static contact angle of the hydrophobic surface prepared in the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the material prepared in this example has a hydrophobic surface with a static contact angle of 137 ° with water, and has good hydrophobic properties.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example prepared an ormosil coating material according to the following procedure:
first step, preparation of an ormosil dispersion
The method adopts a sol-gel method at normal temperature and normal pressure and comprises four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion. The method comprises the following steps: adding 0.6mL of oxalic acid with the concentration of 0.001mol/L into MTMS diluted by methanol, stirring for 30min by a magnetic rotor according to the volume ratio of MTMS to methanol being 1: 7, and standing for 24h for sufficient hydrolysis; after hydrolysis, slowly adding a catalyst, namely a mixed solution of 0.5mL of ammonia water and 0.1mL of distilled water, stirring the mixed solution for 30min by a magnetic rotor according to the volume ratio of the distilled water to the ammonia water of 1: 5 to perform condensation reaction; after condensation, standing for 48 hours for aging; after aging, methanol is added for dilution and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, and an ormosil solution which is uniformly dispersed is prepared.
Second step, preparation of ormosil coating material
Cutting 5 multiplied by 5cm viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, fixing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric on a vertical flat plate, uniformly spraying 2.5mL ormosil solution at a position 12cm away from a muzzle of an automatic spray gun in a spraying mode, and then putting the ormosil solution into a 60 ℃ oven for drying for 2 hours to obtain the ormosil coating material based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric.
Referring to fig. 2, the surface condition of an ormosil coating material prepared in this comparative example based on a viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric is shown, and fig. 2 is a surface SEM image of the ormosil coating material prepared in comparative example a. As shown in fig. 2, ormosil does not adhere well to the surface of the substrate to form a granular shape.
Comparative example No. two
This comparative example prepared a PDMS coating material according to the following procedure:
first step, preparing PDMS coating dispersion
Mixing 0.5mL of silica gel solution and 0.05mL of silica gel curing agent according to a volume ratio of 1: 10, adding 60mL of tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring with a magnetic rotor for 30min, and finally performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain the uniformly dispersed PDMS solution.
Second step, preparing PDMS coating material
Cutting a 5 multiplied by 5cm viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, fixing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric on a vertical flat plate, uniformly spraying 3mL of PDMS solution at a position 12cm away from a muzzle of an automatic spray gun in a spraying mode, and then drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the PDMS coating material based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric.
Please refer to fig. 3 for the surface condition of the PDMS coating material based on viscose spunlace nonwoven prepared in this comparative example, and fig. 3 is a surface SEM image of the PDMS coating material prepared in the second comparative example.
Table 1 is a table of the composition of elements of the hydrophobic surface of one of the environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating materials for unidirectional water diversion prepared in example one, the untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven surface, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example one, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example two.
TABLE 1
In summary, referring to table 1, fig. 6 and fig. 7, table 1 is a table of the composition of elements of the hydrophobic surface of the environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in the first example, the untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric surface, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the first comparative example, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the second comparative example; FIG. 6 is an infrared spectrum of the hydrophobic surface of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in the first example with the surface of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the first comparative example, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the second comparative example; fig. 7 shows XPS spectra of the hydrophobic surface of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in example one, the surface of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example one, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in comparative example two. By contrast, the Si element of the environmentally-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material based on the viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric and capable of unidirectionally guiding water, prepared in the first example, is significantly higher than that of the ormosil coating material prepared in the first comparative example, because the ormosil has poor adhesion, and the ormosil cannot be well adhered to the surface of the material by spraying alone, so that the ormosil is well adhered to the surface of the substrate by the interlayer spraying manner by utilizing the high adhesion of PDMS.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a graph comparing the contact angle of the hydrophobic surface of an eco-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water transport prepared in the first example with the contact angle of the untreated viscose spunlace surface, the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the first comparative example, and the hydrophobic surface of the material prepared in the second comparative example. By contrast, the contact angle of a water drop on the hydrophobic surface of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in the first embodiment is larger than that of a PDMS coating material prepared in the second embodiment, because the surface energy of PDMS is generally higher than that of fluorine-containing silane, in order to further improve the hydrophobic property of the material, an interlayer spraying mode is adopted, that is, ormosil is adopted as an interlayer spraying material, so that the roughness of the surface can be improved, and the hydrophobicity of the surface can be improved.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a graph comparing the water conducting time of an eco-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water conduction prepared in the first example with the water conducting time of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, a material prepared in the first comparative example, and a material prepared in the second comparative example. By contrast, the water-conducting time of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water conduction prepared in the first embodiment is much shorter than that of the PDMS coating material prepared in the second embodiment.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, fig. 10 is a graph comparing the thickness of an eco-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in the first example with the thickness of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, a material prepared in the first comparative example, and a material prepared in the second comparative example; fig. 11 is a graph comparing air permeability of an environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in example one with air permeability of an untreated viscose spunlace nonwoven fabric, a material prepared in comparative example one, and a material prepared in comparative example two. By contrast, the environmentally friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion prepared in the first embodiment has good air permeability without significantly reducing the air permeability under the condition of increasing the thickness.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a preparation method of an environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion, which is more environment-friendly on the basis of the existing hydrophobic material preparation technology, has mild preparation conditions, can be realized at normal temperature and normal pressure, has simple and convenient process, is easy to operate, solves the problem of low hydrophobicity of single spraying PDMS, solves the problem of poor adhesion of single spraying ormosil, and has excellent water diversion performance and air permeability while ensuring good hydrophobicity. Therefore, the material can be applied to functional moisture absorption and sweat releasing textiles, can also be applied to the fields of diaper, facial mask, medical treatment and health, separation and filtration and the like, and has wide application prospect.
It should be noted that the above examples and comparative examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion is characterized by comprising the following steps of: weighing and cutting the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, uniformly spraying the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the surface of the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric by adopting an interlayer spraying method, then uniformly spraying the prepared ormosil dispersion liquid, and finally uniformly spraying the PDMS coating dispersion liquid prepared once again to obtain the prepared environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water guiding.
2. The process for the preparation of the ormosil dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method adopts a sol-gel method at normal temperature and normal pressure, and comprises four steps of hydrolysis, condensation, aging and dispersion: adding oxalic acid into MTMS (methyl trimethoxy silane) diluted by methanol, stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor, and standing for 24h for sufficient hydrolysis; after hydrolysis, slowly adding a catalyst, and stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor to perform condensation reaction; after condensation, standing for 48 hours for aging; after aging, methanol is added for dilution and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, and an ormosil solution which is uniformly dispersed is prepared.
3. The process for the preparation of the ormosil dispersion according to claim 2, characterized in that: the concentration of oxalic acid required in the hydrolysis process is 0.001mol/L, and the volume ratio of MTMS to methanol is 1: 6-1: 8; in the course of said condensationThe agent is distilled water and ammonia water in a volume ratio of 1: 4-1: 6; each uniform spraying time is 25cm2The viscose spunlace non-woven fabric needs 0.6mL of oxalic acid, 7-9 mL of MTMS mixed solution diluted by methanol, 0.5-0.7 mL of catalyst and 30mL of aged methanol.
4. A method of preparing a PDMS coating dispersion according to claim 1, characterized in that: mixing the silica gel liquid and the silica gel curing agent according to a proportion, adding tetrahydrofuran for dilution, stirring for 30min by using a magnetic rotor, and finally performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to prepare the uniformly dispersed PDMS solution.
5. A method of preparing a PDMS coating dispersion according to claim 4, wherein: the proportion of the prepared PDMS coating dispersion liquid is that according to the volume ratio, the ratio of the silica gel curing agent to the silica gel liquid is 1: 9-1: 11; each uniform spraying time is 25cm2The viscose spunlace non-woven fabric needs 0.5-0.6 mL of mixed solution of silica gel liquid and silica gel curing agent and 60mL of tetrahydrofuran.
6. The preparation method of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: cutting the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric, flatly installing the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric on a vertical flat plate, and adopting an interlayer spraying mode at a position 12cm away from a muzzle of an automatic spray gun, firstly uniformly spraying a first PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the surface of the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric from top to bottom, then uniformly spraying an intermediate layer, namely an ormosil dispersion liquid, on the basis of the first PDMS coating dispersion liquid, finally uniformly spraying an outermost PDMS coating dispersion liquid on the basis of the first PDMS coating dispersion liquid from top to bottom, and then putting the mixture into a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying for 2h to obtain the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for one-way water guiding based on the viscose spunlace non-woven fabric.
7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly fluorine-free interlayer coating material for unidirectional water diversion according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the PDMS coating dispersion is sprayed every 25cm22.5-3.5 mL is needed; the ormosil dispersion was sprayed for 25cm per spray22.0 to 3.5mL is required.
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