CN113930593B - Production method of low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel - Google Patents
Production method of low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113930593B CN113930593B CN202111244942.0A CN202111244942A CN113930593B CN 113930593 B CN113930593 B CN 113930593B CN 202111244942 A CN202111244942 A CN 202111244942A CN 113930593 B CN113930593 B CN 113930593B
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/663—Bell-type furnaces
- C21D9/673—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to bell-type furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel. The production method of the invention is to add the gas gathering cover with vent holes and the furnace bottom plate matched with the gas gathering cover in the inner cover of the bell-type furnace, the matching process is optimized, the chemical components of raw materials are controlled, the concentration between gas and steel coil is more uniform, the reaction is more sufficient, the flow direction of air flow is easier to control, the prepared oriented silicon steel has stable performance and excellent magnetic performance, the iron loss is improved to 98.77% in proportion of less than 1.12W/KG, the average iron loss is less than 1.06W/KG, the iron loss of the oriented silicon steel coil is greatly reduced, and the electromagnetic performance is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oriented silicon steel production, in particular to a production method of low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel.
Background
The oriented electrical steel is widely applied to various fields of national economy such as power transformation, power generation, power consumption and the like, is intensively embodied at the levels of research and development, technology, equipment, operation and field management of steel enterprises, is an artwork in steel products, is a high-added-value product, and is a core raw material product of industries such as national defense, military industry and the like. The production difficulty of the wide material is higher, and the phenomenon of large performance fluctuation and high iron loss is more likely to occur.
In view of the increasing tension of energy and urgent energy saving and consumption reduction requirements of the power industry, the performance of the silicon steel is continuously improved, the iron loss of the silicon steel is reduced, and the silicon steel becomes a competitive focus and a research subject which is in great attention in the silicon steel manufacturing industry.
The oriented silicon steel is used as a steel product with large dosage, and is mainly characterized in that a {110} <001> texture with high orientation, namely a Goss texture, is obtained. The phenomenon that the core iron loss is abnormal and the overall iron loss is high easily occurs in the traditional cold-rolled oriented silicon steel production, and the material is greatly wasted, so that the development of the oriented silicon steel capable of reducing the core loss and improving the performance stability of the product and the production process thereof are significant.
In the prior art, when the steel coil is heated in the bell-type furnace, because the outer cover and the furnace platform are heating elements, a large temperature gradient exists in the steel coil from outside, the space in the inner cover is large, insufficient reaction between gas and the steel coil is easily caused, and the performance fluctuation of the final product is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel production method. According to the invention, the gas collecting cover with the vent holes and the furnace bottom plate matched with the gas collecting cover are added in the inner cover of the bell-type furnace, the matching process is optimized, the chemical components of raw materials are controlled, the concentration between gas and steel coils is more uniform, the reaction is more sufficient, the airflow flowing direction is easier to control, the prepared oriented silicon steel has stable performance and excellent magnetic performance, the iron loss is increased to 98.77% in proportion of less than 1.12W/KG, the average iron loss is within 1.06W/KG, the iron loss of the oriented silicon steel coils is greatly reduced, and the electromagnetic performance is better.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for producing low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, raw materials are subjected to iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating to obtain an original silicon steel coil;
s2: putting the raw silicon steel coil prepared in the step S1 into a bell-type furnace;
s3: cooling after a temperature raising and preserving process to obtain a semi-finished silicon steel product;
s4: and (3) taking out the semi-finished silicon steel product obtained in the step (S3) from the bell-type furnace, naturally cooling to room temperature, coating, stretching and flattening, and rolling to obtain the low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel.
Further, the width of the oriented silicon steel is 1150-1250 mm.
Further, in the step S1, the raw material is a hot rolled plate, and the thickness is 2.2-2.7 mm.
Further, in step S1, the raw materials include the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.05% of C, 2.8-3.50% of Si, 0.10-0.30% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.010% of S, 0.3-0.7% of Cu, 0.004-0.0110% of N, 0.010-0.03% of Als, less than or equal to 0.0050% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Further, in step S1, the manganese content in the ironmaking molten iron needs to be reduced to below 0.3%, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled to be not lower than 1350 ℃; the steelmaking removes carbon content below 0.05%; the hot rolling process comprises the following steps: firstly rough rolling and then finish rolling, and finally rolling, wherein the temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1250 ℃, and the temperature of finish rolling is 850-1100 ℃; the thickness of the cold-rolled sheet obtained by cold rolling is 0.60-0.65 mm; the decarburization is to remove the carbon content to be within 50ppm, and the oxygen content is controlled to be 500-900 ppm; the thickness of the steel plate obtained by the secondary cold rolling is 0.23-0.3 mm; the coating is made of magnesia with the coating weight of 5-8 g/m 2 。
Further, in step S2, the hood-type furnace is provided with a gas-collecting hood 6 added to the inner hood of the existing hood-type furnace, and a furnace bottom plate 1 matched with the gas-collecting hood 6 is provided;
further, the hood-type furnace comprises a furnace bottom plate 1 and a gas collecting hood 6; the bell-type furnace further comprises an outer cover and an inner cover; the gas gathering cover is positioned inside the inner cover; the raw silicon steel coil is placed on the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the raw silicon steel coil 5 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is covered by the gas collecting hood 6, and the gas collecting hood 6 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, in step S2, a through hole 11 is provided in the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is provided with a notch 2 perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the width of the notch 2 is 10-50 mm.
Further, the gas collecting hood 6 consists of a connecting block 7, a top plate 8 and surrounding plates 9, the connecting block 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole 10 is formed in the connecting block and is used for being matched with a hook to realize taking and placing of the gas collecting hood 6; the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate 9 are symmetrically provided with bosses 3 along the circumferential direction; in operation, the boss 3 is embedded into the notch 2 of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the gas-collecting hood 6 is sealed with the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, 4 groups of vent arrays 4 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of the surrounding plate 9 around the gas-collecting hood 6; the air hole array 4 consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom; the number of the air holes is 1, 2 and 3 in sequence from top to bottom; the diameter of the air holes is 5-50 mm.
Further, in step S3, the temperature raising and preserving process includes: heating to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 6-12 ℃/h, preserving heat for 20-40 h, and keeping the nitrogen ratio at 20-60%; heating to 900-1200 deg.c at 10-17 deg.c/hr with nitrogen proportion of 20-60%, maintaining for 20-30 hr and pure hydrogen as gas; the oxygen content in the gas collecting hood of the bell-type furnace is less than or equal to 1000PPM before the temperature rising and preserving process, and the furnace pressure is 100-350 Pa; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 280-320 ℃.
Further, the coating material is T2 coating liquid, and the coating amount is 7-13 KG/ton; the stretching and leveling temperature is 800-850 ℃.
Further, the T2 coating liquid comprises A, B double components, A is silica sol, B is aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass percentages of the components in the T2 coating liquid are as follows: 30-50% of A and 50-70% of B.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, the gas collecting cover is added in the cover type furnace, the specific ventilation holes are arranged around the gas collecting cover, so that the flow direction and distribution of the gas flow in the high-temperature annealing process are adjusted, the concentration gradient from the top to the bottom of the steel coil is formed when the traditional process gas without the gas collecting cover is sprayed out from the center from bottom to top, the effective concentration of the reaction of the steel coil is reduced, and larger differences exist between the top and the bottom of the steel coil and between the outer layer and the center of the steel coil.
(2) The invention optimizes the annealing condition, and in the heating process,because the position difference of the heating element is easy to cause larger temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the steel coil, the temperature rising speed is controlled to be 6-12 ℃/h at 550-900 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the coil can be effectively reduced, excessive electric energy waste can not be caused, the nitrogen proportion is 20-60%, the atmosphere maintains certain oxidizing property, and the damage to the SiO on the surface can be avoided 2 And can be in SiO 2 The insufficient positions are supplemented, so that the final product has better performance and appearance; and when the temperature is 900-1200 ℃, the temperature rising speed is controlled to be 10-17 ℃/h, the process is used for completing secondary recrystallization and the formation of a magnesium silicate bottom layer, the secondary recrystallization is completed in a relatively short time, once the temperature is reached, the process can be completed in a plurality of minutes, the relatively fast temperature rising speed can meet the requirement of the growth of secondary recrystallization grains, and the formed grains are better in orientation and better in final performance.
(3) According to the invention, the gas-gathering cover with the air holes is designed, the process is matched with optimization, the chemical components of raw materials are controlled, al and Cu are used as important inhibitor elements, primary recrystallization grains can be inhibited during annealing, and secondary recrystallization grains grow up, so that good magnetic performance is obtained, the prepared oriented silicon steel is stable in performance and excellent in magnetic performance, the iron loss is increased to 98.77% in proportion of less than 1.12W/KG, and the average iron loss is reduced to less than 1.06W/KG from more than 1.1W/Kg when the gas-gathering cover is not used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the cooperation of the gas-collecting hood 6 and the furnace floor 1 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a furnace floor; 4. ventilation holes; 5. a raw silicon steel coil; 6. a gas collecting hood; 7. a connecting block; 8. a top plate; 9. surrounding plates around; 10. and a through hole.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the gas hood 6 according to the invention in cooperation with the furnace floor 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A from the axis of fig. 3.
In the figure: 11. a through hole is arranged at the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the B position contains a boss; the C position contains a notch.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the B, C position in fig. 4.
In the figure: the position 3 in the B is a boss; in the C position 2 is a notch.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to examples.
In the high-temperature annealing process, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the original silicon steel coil 5 is greatly reduced by controlling the temperature rising speed and the heat preservation time, so that the overall performance is more stable; the nitrogen in the atmosphere can strengthen the inhibition effect in the inhibitor, and the nitrogen in the atmosphere is in closer contact with the original silicon steel coil 5 by additionally arranging the gas gathering cover and the furnace bottom plate matched with the gas gathering cover in the inner cover of the traditional bell-type furnace, so that the secondary recrystallization is more perfect and the performance is better.
Based on the above research, the invention relates to a low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel production method, the process flow chart of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the production method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating on raw materials to obtain an original silicon steel coil 5;
in the step S1, the raw material is a hot rolled plate, and the thickness is 2.2-2.7 mm. The raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02 to 0.05 percent of C, 2.8 to 3.50 percent of Si, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of Cu, 0.004 to 0.0110 percent of N, 0.010 to 0.03 percent of Als, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of Ti, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The manganese content in the ironmaking molten iron needs to be reduced to below 0.3 percent, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled to be not lower than 1350 ℃; the steelmaking removes carbon content below 0.05%; the hot rolling process comprises the following steps: firstly rough rolling and then finish rolling, and finally rolling, wherein the temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1250 ℃, and the temperature of finish rolling is 850-1100 ℃; the thickness of the cold-rolled sheet obtained by cold rolling is 0.60-0.65 mm; the decarburization is to remove the carbon content to be within 50ppm, and the oxygen content is controlled to be 500-900 ppm; the thickness of the steel plate obtained by the secondary cold rolling is 0.23-0.3 mm; the coating material is magnesia, and the coating amount is 5 percent to the whole8g/m 2 。
S2: putting the raw silicon steel coil 5 prepared in the step S1 into a bell-type furnace; the hood-type furnace comprises an outer cover, an inner cover, a furnace bottom plate 1 and a gas gathering cover 6; the gas gathering cover is positioned inside the inner cover; as shown in fig. 2, the raw silicon steel coil is placed on the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the raw silicon steel coil 5 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is covered by a gas collecting hood 6, and the gas collecting hood 6 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1.
A through hole 11 (shown in fig. 4) is arranged at the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate is provided with a notch 2 (as shown in fig. 5) perpendicular to the thickness direction, the width of the notch 2 is 10-50 mm, and the depth is 5-30 mm.
Further, the gas collecting hood 6 is composed of a connecting block 7, a top plate 8 and surrounding plates 9, the connecting block 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole 10 is formed in the connecting block 7 and is used for being matched with a hook to achieve taking and placing of the gas collecting hood 6; the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate 9 are symmetrically provided with bosses 3 along the circumferential direction (as shown in figure 5); in operation, the boss 3 is embedded into the notch 2 of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the gas-collecting hood 6 is sealed with the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, 4 groups of vent arrays 4 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of the surrounding plate 9 around the gas-collecting hood 6; the air hole array 4 consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom; the number of the air holes is 1, 2 and 3 in sequence from top to bottom; the diameter of the air holes is 5-50 mm.
S3: cooling after a temperature raising and preserving process to obtain a semi-finished silicon steel product; the temperature rising and preserving process comprises the following steps: heating to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 6-12 ℃/h, preserving heat for 20-40 h, and keeping the nitrogen ratio at 20-60%; heating to 900-1200 deg.c at 10-17 deg.c/hr with nitrogen proportion of 20-60%, maintaining for 20-30 hr and pure hydrogen as gas; the oxygen content in the gas collecting hood of the bell-type furnace is less than or equal to 1000PPM before the temperature rising and preserving process, and the furnace pressure is 100-350 Pa; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 280-320 ℃.
S4: and (3) coating, stretching and flattening the oriented silicon steel semi-finished product obtained in the step (S3), and rolling to obtain a low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel finished product. The width of the oriented silicon steel is 1150-1250 mm. The coating material is T2 coating liquid, and the coating amount is 7-13 KG/ton; the stretching and leveling temperature is 800-850 ℃.
Example 1
The preparation method of the low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02% of C, 2.8% of Si, 0.10% of Mn, 0.010% of P, 0.008% of S, 0.3% of Cu, 0.004% of N, 0.010% of Als, 0.0022% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The raw materials are subjected to iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating to obtain a raw silicon steel coil 5; the manganese content in the ironmaking molten iron needs to be reduced to below 0.3 percent, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled to be not lower than 1350 ℃; the steelmaking removes carbon content below 0.05%; the hot rolling process comprises the following steps: firstly rough rolling and then finish rolling, and finally rolling, wherein the temperature of rough rolling is 1100 ℃, and the temperature of finish rolling is 850 ℃; the cold rolling is carried out from a thickness of 2.2mm to 0.60mm of the hot rolled sheet; the decarburization is to remove the carbon content to 30ppm and the oxygen content to 500ppm; controlling the thickness of a finished product to be 0.23mm during the secondary cold rolling; the coating material is magnesium oxide, and the coating amount is 5g/m 2 。
Placing the silicon steel coil 5 coated with the magnesium oxide in a bell-type furnace, and heating, preserving heat, then heating, preserving heat again and cooling to obtain a silicon steel semi-finished product, wherein the first heating is to heat to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 6 ℃/h, and the temperature time is 20h; heating to 1170 ℃ at 10 ℃/h, preserving heat for 20h, and heating to 180PA under the conditions of 20% nitrogen and 80% hydrogen; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 300 ℃.
The hood-type furnace comprises an outer cover, an inner cover, a furnace bottom plate 1 and a gas gathering cover 6; the gas gathering cover is positioned inside the inner cover; the raw silicon steel coil is placed on the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the raw silicon steel coil 5 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is covered by the gas collecting hood 6, and the gas collecting hood 6 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, a through hole 11 is arranged at the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is provided with a notch 2 perpendicular to the thickness direction, the width of the notch 2 is 10mm, and the depth is 5mm.
Further, the gas collecting hood 6 is composed of a connecting block 7, a top plate 8 and surrounding plates 9, the connecting block 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole 10 is formed in the connecting block 7 and is used for being matched with a hook to achieve taking and placing of the gas collecting hood 6; the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate 9 are symmetrically provided with bosses 3 along the circumferential direction; in operation, the boss 3 is embedded into the notch 2 of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the gas-collecting hood 6 is sealed with the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, 4 groups of vent arrays 4 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of the surrounding plate 9 around the gas-collecting hood 6; the air hole array 4 consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom; the number of the air holes is 1, 2 and 3 from top to bottom in sequence, and the diameter of each air hole is 5mm.
And taking out the semi-finished silicon steel product from the bell-type furnace, cooling to normal temperature, coating T2 coating liquid (the T2 coating liquid comprises 30% of silica sol and 70% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate) with the coating amount of 7 KG/ton, and then stretching and leveling at 800 ℃ and winding to obtain the low-loss wide-material silicon steel coil.
Example 2
The preparation method of the low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
preparing a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 2.2-2.7mm as a raw material, wherein the raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05% of C, 3.5% of Si, 0.30% of Mn, 0.010% of P, 0.010% of S, 0.7% of Cu, 0.011% of N, 0.030% of Als, 0.0025% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The raw materials are subjected to iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating to obtain a raw silicon steel coil 5; the manganese content in the ironmaking molten iron needs to be reduced to below 0.3 percent, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled to be not lower than 1350 ℃; the steelmaking removes carbon content below 0.05%; the hot rolling process comprises the following steps: firstly rough rolling and then finish rolling, and finally rolling, wherein the rough rolling temperature is 1250 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature is 1100 ℃; the cold rolling is carried out from a thickness of 2.7mm to 0.65mm of the hot rolled sheet; the decarburization is to remove the carbon content to 50ppm and the oxygen content to 900ppm; the thickness of the finished product is controlled to be 0.3mm during the secondary cold rollingThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The material of the coating is magnesium oxide, and the coating amount is 5g/m 2 。
Placing the silicon steel coil (5) coated with the magnesium oxide in a bell-type furnace, and heating, preserving heat, then heating, preserving heat again and reducing temperature to obtain a silicon steel semi-finished product, wherein the first heating is to heat to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 12 ℃/h, and the temperature time is 40 h; then heating to 1170 ℃ at 17 ℃/h, preserving heat for 30h, and heating again under the conditions of 60% nitrogen and 40% hydrogen, wherein the furnace pressure is 350PA; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 300 ℃.
The hood-type furnace comprises an outer cover, an inner cover, a furnace bottom plate 1 and a gas gathering cover 6; the gas gathering cover is positioned inside the inner cover; the raw silicon steel coil is placed on the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the raw silicon steel coil 5 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is covered by the gas collecting hood 6, and the gas collecting hood 6 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1.
A through hole 11 is arranged at the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the upper surface of the furnace soleplate 1 is provided with a notch 2 perpendicular to the thickness direction, the width of the notch 2 is 50mm, and the depth is 30mm.
Further, the gas collecting hood 6 is composed of a connecting block 7, a top plate 8 and surrounding plates 9, the connecting block 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole 10 is formed in the connecting block 7 and is used for being matched with a hook to achieve taking and placing of the gas collecting hood 6; the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate 9 are symmetrically provided with bosses 3 along the circumferential direction; in operation, the boss 3 is embedded into the notch 2 of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the gas-collecting hood 6 is sealed with the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, 4 groups of vent arrays 4 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of the surrounding plate 9 around the gas-collecting hood 6; the air hole array 4 consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom; the number of the air holes is 1, 2 and 3 from top to bottom in sequence, and the diameter of each air hole is 50mm.
And taking out the semi-finished silicon steel product from the bell-type furnace, cooling to normal temperature, coating T2 coating liquid (the T2 coating liquid comprises 70% of silica sol and 30% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate by mass fraction), wherein the coating amount is 13 KG/ton, stretching and flattening at 850 ℃, and rolling to obtain the low-loss wide-material silicon steel coil.
Example 3
The preparation method of the low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel comprises the following steps:
preparing a hot rolled plate with the thickness of 2.2-2.7mm as a raw material, wherein the raw material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.04% C, 3.2% Si, 0.29% Mn, 0.011% P, 0.007% S, 0.5% Cu, 0.010% N, 0.024% Als, 0.0032% Ti, and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities. The raw materials are subjected to iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating to obtain a raw silicon steel coil 5; the manganese content in the ironmaking molten iron needs to be reduced to below 0.3 percent, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled to be not lower than 1350 ℃; the steelmaking removes carbon content below 0.05%; the hot rolling process comprises the following steps: firstly rough rolling and then finish rolling, and finally rolling, wherein the temperature of rough rolling is 1150 ℃, and the temperature of finish rolling is 900 ℃; the cold rolling is carried out from a thickness of 2.5mm to 0.62mm of the hot rolled sheet; the decarburization is to remove the carbon content to 34ppm and the oxygen content is controlled to 800ppm; controlling the thickness of a finished product to be 0.27mm during the secondary cold rolling; the material of the coating is magnesium oxide, and the coating amount is 6g/m 2 。
Placing the silicon steel coil 5 coated with the magnesium oxide in a bell-type furnace, and heating, preserving heat, then heating, preserving heat again and reducing temperature to obtain a silicon steel semi-finished product, wherein the first heating is to heat to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/h, and the temperature time is 33 h; heating to 1170 ℃ at 16 ℃/h, preserving heat for 28h, and heating to the furnace pressure of 270PA under the atmosphere of 40% nitrogen and 60% hydrogen; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 300 ℃.
The hood-type furnace comprises an outer cover, an inner cover, a furnace bottom plate 1 and a gas gathering cover 6; the gas gathering cover is positioned inside the inner cover; the raw silicon steel coil is placed on the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the raw silicon steel coil 5 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1, the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate 1 is covered by the gas collecting hood 6, and the gas collecting hood 6 is coaxial with the center of the furnace bottom plate 1.
A through hole 11 is arranged at the center of the furnace bottom plate 1; the upper surface of the furnace soleplate 1 is provided with a notch 2 perpendicular to the thickness direction, the width of the notch 2 is 30mm, and the depth is 15mm.
Further, the gas collecting hood 6 is composed of a connecting block 7, a top plate 8 and surrounding plates 9, the connecting block 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole 10 is formed in the connecting block 7 and is used for being matched with a hook to achieve taking and placing of the gas collecting hood 6; the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate 9 are symmetrically provided with bosses 3 along the circumferential direction; in operation, the boss 3 is embedded into the notch 2 of the furnace bottom plate 1, so that the gas-collecting hood 6 is sealed with the furnace bottom plate 1.
Further, 4 groups of vent arrays 4 are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of the surrounding plate 9 around the gas-collecting hood 6; the air hole array 4 consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom; the number of the air holes is 1, 2 and 3 from top to bottom in sequence, and the diameter of each air hole is 25mm.
And (3) cooling the semi-finished silicon steel product to normal temperature, coating T2 coating liquid (the T2 coating liquid comprises 40% of silica sol and 60% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate by mass fraction), wherein the coating amount is 12 KG/ton, stretching and flattening at 830 ℃, and winding to obtain the finished silicon steel coil.
Comparative example 1:
the same as in example 1, except that the raw materials comprise the following components in mass percent: 0.02% of C, 2.8% of Si, 0.10% of Mn, 0.010% of P, 0.008% of S, 0.05% of Cu, 0.004% of N, 0.008% of Als, 0.0022% of Ti, the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Comparative example 2:
the same as in example 2, the difference is only the speed of two heats in the heat-up and heat-preservation process: the first heating is to heat up to 550-900 ℃ at a speed of 15 ℃/h, and the temperature time is 40 h; then heating to 1170 ℃ at 20 ℃/h, preserving heat for 30h, and heating again under the conditions of 60% nitrogen and 40% hydrogen, wherein the furnace pressure is 350PA; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 300 ℃.
Comparative example 3:
the same as in example 3, except that a conventional hood type furnace was employed, a gas collecting hood was not used.
Test example:
the oriented silicon steels prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were sampled from the middle, the average core loss was measured with an on-line core loss tester, and the magnetic induction was measured with a monolithic core loss tester, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Examples | Iron loss (W/KG) | Magnetic induction (T) |
Example 1 | 1.046 | 1.886 |
Example 2 | 1.051 | 1.888 |
Example 3 | 1.038 | 1.887 |
Comparative example 1 | 1.113 | 1.862 |
Comparative example 2 | 1.136 | 1.855 |
Comparative example 3 | 1.153 | 1.850 |
As can be seen from table 1: comparative example 1 the core loss was increased from 1.046W/KG of example 1 to 1.113W/KG after changing the composition relative to example 1; comparative example 2 the core loss increased from 1.051W/KG to 1.136/KG compared to example 2 after changing the process conditions; the comparative example 3 does not adopt the gas gathering cover of the invention, the gas flow is more dispersed, the gas concentration gradient is large when the steel coil reacts, the iron loss is obviously increased to 1.153W/KG, but the iron loss of the prepared oriented silicon steel is reduced to 1.038W/KG through the process optimization and the design of the gas gathering cover, so the integral performance of the prepared oriented silicon steel is more excellent through the process optimization and the design of the gas gathering cover.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The production method of the low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: the raw materials are subjected to iron making, steelmaking, hot rolling, cold rolling, decarburization, secondary cold rolling and coating to obtain an original silicon steel coil;
s2: putting the raw silicon steel coil prepared in the step S1 into a bell-type furnace;
s3: after the temperature rising and heat preserving process, cooling to obtain a semi-finished silicon steel product;
s4: coating, stretching and flattening the semi-finished silicon steel product obtained in the step S3, and rolling to obtain low-loss wide-material oriented silicon steel;
in the step S2, the bell-type furnace comprises a furnace bottom plate (1) and a gas collecting hood (6);
the gas gathering cover (6) is arranged in the inner cover of the bell-type furnace,
the width of the oriented silicon steel is 1150-1250 mm;
in the step S1, the thickness of the steel plate after hot rolling is 2.2-2.7 mm;
the gas collecting hood (6) consists of a connecting block (7), a top plate (8) and surrounding plates (9), wherein the connecting block (7) is positioned on the upper surface of the top plate, and a through hole (10) is formed in the connecting block (7) and is used for being matched with a hook to realize taking and placing of the gas collecting hood (6); bosses (3) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the bottom of the surrounding plate (9) along the circumferential direction; when the device works, the boss (3) is embedded into the notch (2) of the furnace bottom plate (1), so that the gas-collecting hood (6) is sealed with the furnace bottom plate (1);
in the step S2, a through hole (11) is formed in the center of the furnace bottom plate (1); the upper surface of the furnace bottom plate (1) is provided with a notch (2) perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the width of the notch (2) is 10-50 mm;
4 groups of vent arrays (4) are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction at the lower part of surrounding plates (9) around the gas gathering cover (6); the air hole array (4) consists of air holes which are sequentially arranged in an increasing manner from top to bottom;
in step S3, the specific process of the heating and heat preserving technology is as follows: firstly, heating to 550-900 ℃ at the speed of 6-12 ℃/h, preserving heat for 20-40 h, then heating to 900-1200 ℃ again at the speed of 10-17 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 20-30 h; the oxygen content in the gas gathering cover is less than or equal to 1000PPM before the temperature rising and preserving process, and the furnace pressure is 100 Pa to 350Pa; the cooling refers to natural cooling to 280-320 ℃.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.05% of C, 2.8-3.50% of Si, 0.10-0.30% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015% of P, less than or equal to 0.010% of S, 0.3-0.7% of Cu, 0.004-0.0110% of N, 0.010-0.03% of Als, less than or equal to 0.0050% of Ti, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the coating material is a T2 coating solution, and the coating amount is 7 KG/ton to 13 KG/ton.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the stretching and leveling temperature is 800 to 850 ℃.
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