CN113929805A - Preparation method of phase-change energy-storage polystyrene closed-cell foam - Google Patents
Preparation method of phase-change energy-storage polystyrene closed-cell foam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113929805A CN113929805A CN202111388162.3A CN202111388162A CN113929805A CN 113929805 A CN113929805 A CN 113929805A CN 202111388162 A CN202111388162 A CN 202111388162A CN 113929805 A CN113929805 A CN 113929805A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/32—Polymerisation in water-in-oil emulsions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/34—Monomers containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals
- C08F212/36—Divinylbenzene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0004—Use of compounding ingredients, the chemical constitution of which is unknown, broadly defined, or irrelevant
- C08J9/0009—Phase change materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/08—Copolymers of styrene
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of phase-change energy storage polystyrene closed-cell foam, which is prepared in one step by an emulsion template method and is applied to the field of phase-change energy storage. The production method of the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam has simple process, does not use organic solvent and chemical foaming agent, and solves the problems of complex production process and environmental pollution in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of polystyrene foam, in particular to a preparation method of a phase-change energy-storage polystyrene closed-cell foam material.
Background
In recent years, lightweight wall materials made of polystyrene foam boards, polyethylene foam boards and polyurethane foam insulation boards are widely applied in the field of construction due to excellent heat insulation performance. But their comfort is reduced due to their low heat storage capacity which causes increased indoor temperature fluctuations. At the same time, they cannot utilize solar energy with high efficiency, thus limiting their further development. When the environmental temperature changes, the phase-change material is subjected to phase-state transition, so that the phase-change material has the functions of absorbing, storing and releasing heat (phase-change heat), and the heat-insulation and heat-preservation plate combined with the phase-change material has wide application prospects in the fields of solar energy utilization, waste heat recovery, intelligent buildings and the like.
The method for preparing the phase-change energy-storage heat-preservation foam material mainly comprises three methods, namely an impregnation method, a microcapsule method and a mixed foaming method, the initial research is mainly the impregnation method, but the porosity of the obtained product is extremely low, and the heat insulation effect is seriously influenced. Although high porosity is obtained by the microencapsulation method, the shell portion occupies a large volume and does not provide enthalpy. The mixed foaming method of directly mixing and foaming the resin matrix and the phase-change energy storage material is expected to obtain high phase-change enthalpy and high-proportion porosity at the same time, and thus the mixed foaming method is receiving more and more attention.
At present, organic solvents or chemical foaming agents are generally used in the process of preparing the phase change energy storage foam material by a mixed foaming method, which causes environmental pollution. In addition, the complexity of the synthesis process can lead to high production costs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a phase-change energy-storage heat-preservation foam material, which is used for solving the problems of complex production process and environmental pollution in the prior art.
The invention provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
mixing monomers (styrene (St) and divinyl benzene (DVB)), an emulsifier, paraffin and a paraffin emulsifier to prepare an oil phase, wherein the temperature is controlled between the melting point of the paraffin and the decomposition temperature of an initiator;
deionized water forms a water phase;
dissolving the initiator into an oil phase or a water phase according to the solubility;
dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase, and stirring to form a water-in-oil emulsion;
and (3) taking the emulsion as a template, initiating the polymerization of monomers in the emulsion above the decomposition temperature of an initiator, and removing water to obtain the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam.
As an embodiment of the invention, the emulsifier is one or more of Span80 (Span80), Span60 (Span60), polyether Pluronic F127 and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene (P123).
As an embodiment of the present invention, the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate (KPS), Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) and Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN).
As an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control between the melting point of the paraffin wax and the decomposition temperature of the initiator comprises: 40-55 ℃; further comprises 40-45 deg.C, 45-50 deg.C, 50-55 deg.C, etc.
As an embodiment of the invention, the polymerization temperature above the decomposition temperature of the initiator comprises: 65-75 ℃; further comprises 65-66 deg.C, 66-68 deg.C, 68-70 deg.C, 70-72 deg.C, 71-73 deg.C, 73-75 deg.C, etc.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of styrene added is 20% to 99% of the total mass of the monomers.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the emulsifier added is 20% to 30% of the total mass of the monomers.
As an embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the paraffin wax to the paraffin wax emulsifier is 4: 0.8-1.5. Too low a concentration of the paraffin emulsifier results in failure to form an emulsion and too high a concentration increases costs.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the paraffin emulsifier is a commercially available paraffin emulsifier, and the manufacturers include, but are not limited to, linyi lusen (paraffin emulsifier No. 58). The paraffin emulsifier is used for emulsifying a paraffin/water system, and if the paraffin emulsifier is not added, an emulsion system containing paraffin cannot be formed; the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
As an embodiment of the invention, the addition amount of the paraffin is controlled within 40 percent of the total weight of the oil phase, and if the addition amount of the paraffin is exceeded, the porosity of the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed-cell foam is obviously reduced, and the paraffin leakage rate after being exposed for 120 hours at 10 ℃ above the melting point of the paraffin is obviously increased.
As one embodiment of the invention, the deionized water accounts for 30-90% of the volume fraction of the emulsion.
As an embodiment of the invention, the initiator is 1 to 10 percent of the total mass of the monomers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention synthesizes the phase-change energy-storage polystyrene closed-cell foam by one step by an emulsion template method, has simple synthesis process, does not use organic solvent and chemical foaming agent, and is beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the closed-cell foam of phase change energy storage polystyrene obtained in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which is prepared by one step by using an emulsion template method and obtains the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam through free radical polymerization.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
mixing styrene, divinyl benzene, an emulsifier, paraffin and a paraffin emulsifier to prepare an oil phase, wherein the temperature is controlled between a paraffin melting point and an initiator decomposition temperature, the styrene and the emulsifier are respectively 20-99% and 20-30% of the mass fraction of a monomer, and the mass ratio of the paraffin to the paraffin emulsifier is 4:0.8-1.5, and the addition amount of the paraffin is controlled within 40 percent of the total weight of the oil phase. Dissolving the initiator into the oil phase or the water phase according to the solubility, then adding the water phase into the oil phase drop by drop, and stirring to form the water-in-oil type emulsion. And (3) taking the emulsion as a template, initiating the polymerization of monomers in the emulsion above the decomposition temperature of an initiator, and removing water to obtain the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed-cell foam. Wherein, the deionized water accounts for 30-90% of the volume fraction of the emulsion, and the initiator accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the monomers.
The raw material emulsifier is one of Span80 (Span80), Span60 (Span60), polyether Pluronic F127 and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene (P123).
The raw material paraffin emulsifier is a commercially available paraffin emulsifier, and the manufacturer includes, but is not limited to, linyi lusen (paraffin emulsifier No. 58).
The raw material initiator is one of potassium persulfate (KPS), Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) and Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN).
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
st, DVB, Span80, paraffin (melting point 21.5 ℃, latent heat value 121J/g) and a paraffin emulsifier are mixed according to the mass fraction of 5:7:3:4:1 (paraffin accounts for 20 wt%) at 40 ℃ to prepare an oil phase. Then, deionized water (78 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (6 wt% of the mass fraction of monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. The emulsion was transferred to a mold and polymerized at 66 ℃ and dried under vacuum to give a phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam designated EPSPW1, scanning electron microscopy as shown in figure 1. The EPSPW1 has a phase-change latent heat value of 17J/g, a porosity of 91.2 percent and a paraffin mass loss rate of 0.5 percent when exposed for 120h at 31.5 ℃.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, St, DVB, Span80, paraffin (the melting point is 47.4 ℃, the latent heat value is 134J/g) and a paraffin emulsifier are mixed according to the mass fraction of 10: 10: 5: 12: 3 (paraffin accounts for 30 wt%) at 55 deg.C. Then, deionized water (78 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (6 wt% of the mass fraction of the monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. The emulsion was transferred to a mold and polymerized at 75 ℃ and dried under vacuum to give a phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam designated EPSPW 2. The EPSPW2 has a phase-change latent heat value of 32J/g, a porosity of 85.1 percent and a paraffin mass loss rate of 1.1 percent when exposed for 120h at 57.4 ℃.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
st, DVB, polyether Pluronic F127, paraffin (melting point 46.2 ℃, latent heat value 132J/g) and a paraffin emulsifier are firstly mixed according to the mass fraction of 27: 9: 8: 28: 8 (paraffin accounts for 35 wt%) and mixed at 55 deg.C to obtain oil phase. Then, deionized water (60 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (8 wt% of the mass fraction of the monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. The emulsion was transferred to a mold and polymerized at 74 ℃ and dried under vacuum to give a phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam designated EPSPW 3. The EPSPW3 has a phase-change latent heat value of 39J/g, a porosity of 83.5 percent and a paraffin mass loss rate of 1.7 percent when exposed for 120 hours at 56.2 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, St, DVB, Span80, paraffin (melting point 21.5 ℃, latent heat value 121J/g) and a paraffin emulsifier monomer are mixed according to the mass fraction of 5:7:3: 14: 1 (paraffin accounts for 45 wt%) at 40 deg.C to obtain oil phase. Then, deionized water (78 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (6 wt% of the mass fraction of the monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. The emulsion was transferred to a mold and polymerized at 66 ℃ and dried under vacuum to give a phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam designated EPSPW 4. The EPSPW4 has a phase-change latent heat value of 47J/g, a porosity of 63.4 percent and a paraffin mass loss rate of 9.7 percent when exposed for 120 hours at 31.5 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, St, DVB, Span80, paraffin (melting point 47.4 ℃, latent heat value 134J/g) and Tween20, a stabilizer of ammonium stearate with the mass fraction of 10: 10: 4: 12: 4:1 (paraffin wax about 30 wt%) was mixed at 55 ℃ to prepare an oil phase. Then, deionized water (78 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (6 wt% of the mass fraction of the monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. The emulsion was transferred to a mold and polymerized at 75 ℃ and dried under vacuum to give a phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam designated EPSPW 5. The EPSPW5 has a phase-change latent heat value of 31J/g, a porosity of 83.2 percent and a paraffin mass loss rate of 2.1 percent when exposed for 120 hours at 57.4 ℃.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam, which comprises the following steps:
st, DVB, Span80 and paraffin (melting point 21.5 ℃, latent heat value 121J/g) are mixed according to the mass fraction of 5:7:4:4 (paraffin accounts for 20 wt%) at 40 ℃ to prepare an oil phase. Then, deionized water (78 wt% of the total system) containing KPS (6 wt% of the mass fraction of monomers) was added dropwise to the oil phase. After stirring for a further 20 minutes, an emulsion was obtained. After the emulsion is kept still for 10 minutes, obvious layering phenomenon, namely demulsification, occurs. Indicating that no paraffin emulsifier is present and no emulsion will be formed.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing a monomer, an emulsifier, paraffin and a paraffin emulsifier to prepare an oil phase, wherein the monomer is styrene and divinyl benzene; wherein the temperature is controlled between the melting point of the paraffin and the decomposition temperature of the initiator;
deionized water forms a water phase;
dissolving the initiator into an oil phase or a water phase according to the solubility;
dropwise adding the water phase into the oil phase, and stirring to form a water-in-oil emulsion;
and (3) taking the emulsion as a template, initiating the polymerization of monomers in the emulsion above the decomposition temperature of an initiator, and removing water to obtain the closed-cell phase-change energy-storage polystyrene foam.
2. The method for preparing the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is one or more of span80, span60, polyether Pluronic F127 and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene.
3. The method for preparing the closed-cell foam of phase change energy storage polystyrene according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide and azobisisobutyronitrile.
4. The method for preparing the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the styrene accounts for 20-99% of the total mass of the monomers.
5. The method for preparing the closed-cell foam of the phase-change energy-storage polystyrene as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the emulsifier is 20-30% of the total mass of the monomers.
6. The method for preparing the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the paraffin to the paraffin emulsifier is 4: 0.8-1.5.
7. The method for preparing the phase change energy storage polystyrene closed cell foam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the paraffin wax is controlled within 40% of the total weight of the oil phase.
8. The method for preparing the closed-cell foam of the phase-change energy-storage polystyrene as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume fraction of the deionized water in the total volume of the emulsion is 30-90%.
9. The closed-cell phase change energy storage polystyrene foam according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the initiator is 1 to 10 percent of the total mass of the monomers.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101306341A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2008-11-19 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Phase-change accumulation energy microcapsule prepared by interfacial polymerization method and its method |
| CN105802586A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-27 | 辽宁大学 | Paraffin phase-change energy-storage microcapsule as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105968829A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-28 | 福建天利高新材料有限公司 | Micro-foaming phase change paraffin material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108587573A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of synthetic method of phase-changing energy storage material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101306341A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2008-11-19 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Phase-change accumulation energy microcapsule prepared by interfacial polymerization method and its method |
| CN105802586A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-27 | 辽宁大学 | Paraffin phase-change energy-storage microcapsule as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105968829A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-28 | 福建天利高新材料有限公司 | Micro-foaming phase change paraffin material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108587573A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-09-28 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of synthetic method of phase-changing energy storage material |
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