CN113929442A - Composite castable for organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite castable for organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910020068 MgAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
- C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
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- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
- C04B2235/483—Si-containing organic compounds, e.g. silicone resins, (poly)silanes, (poly)siloxanes or (poly)silazanes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite castable for an organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a preparation method thereof. The castable comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-45% of corundum particles, 20-40% of silicon carbide micro powder, 10-15% of calcined alumina micro powder, 6-9% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 3-5% of silica fume, 2-5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1-2% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5-1% of special additive and 4-10% of water, wherein the total is 100%; the special additive is pore-forming agent and water reducing agent. According to the invention, the components of the matrix alloy are designed by self according to an optimized grading design theory, and a proper amount of element content is selected, so that a high-temperature resistant hard phase appears after the matrix alloy is subjected to heat treatment, the matrix hardness of the matrix alloy at high temperature is ensured, and meanwhile, a silicon carbide reinforced phase is added, so that the high-temperature resistance of the composite material is further improved, and the composite material is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special refractory materials for organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnaces, and particularly relates to a high-temperature wear-resistant silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based cement-based composite castable for an organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because the organic solid waste has the characteristics of complex chemical components, large heat value fluctuation range, dispersed regional distribution, difficult secondary pollution control and the like, the incineration becomes a main method for treating the organic solid waste at the near stage of China, a grate furnace or a circulating fluidized bed furnace or a rotary kiln or a gasification incinerator is generally selected for incineration treatment, and the equipment has the characteristics of large investment, high operation cost, concentrated regional distribution, secondary pollution to the environment, large scale and the like in the use process. Therefore, the development of new technologies for recycling treatment and disposal of organic solid wastes has become an important direction to be urgently solved in China.
Therefore, Yunnan Water utilities investment Limited company develops and produces the organic solid waste low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis technology carbonization furnace with independent intellectual property rights and complete set of process equipment thereof. Under the condition of no oxygen or no oxygen, the solid waste is heated at medium and high temperature by using the thermal instability of organic matters in the solid waste, so that the organic matters in the solid waste are thermally decomposed, the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the organic matters is changed, gaseous matters (pyrolysis gas) and solid matters (biochar) are formed, and no dioxin is discharged in the treatment process. The formed product has high use value, for example, pyrolysis gas can be used as a heat source to be reused in pyrolysis equipment or be used for power generation on a net, the biochar can be widely applied to soil conditioners, agriculture and forestry greening fertilizers and the like, and the slag can be used for sorting inorganic matters and various metals and crushing sintering residues to prepare novel building materials.
The organic solid waste treatment raw materials and the operation working conditions are different, the carbonization furnace types with different technical parameters can be selected, and special refractory materials need to be developed at different use parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a composite castable for an organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace and a preparation method thereof, the castable is a mixed material of high-temperature wear-resistant silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based cement-based composite components, is composed of high-strength aggregate (matrix), high-temperature resistant powder material (matrix), silicon carbide micro powder (reinforcing phase) and a plurality of polymers (special additives) added externally, is designed by optimized gradation, and has the characteristics of scientific formula, excellent performance, easy preparation control, simple construction and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
30-45% of corundum particles, 20-40% of silicon carbide micro powder, 10-15% of calcined alumina micro powder, 6-9% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 3-5% of silica fume, 2-5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1-2% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5-1% of special additive and 4-10% of water, wherein the total is 100%; the special additive is pore-forming agent and water reducing agent.
Further, it is preferable that Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the particle size is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 20-30%, the particle size is more than or equal to 1mm and is 40-50% and less than 3mm, the particle size is less than 1mm and is 30-40%, and the total is 100%;
the SiC content of the silicon carbide micro powder is more than 97%, the granularity is less than 15 mu m, the Mohs hardness is 9.2-9.5, the average grain size is 7-14 mu m, and the grain size accounts for more than 50% of the grain size of 10-14 mu m;
al calcined alumina micropowder2O3Content (wt.)>99% particle size<5μm。
Further, MgAl of fine powder of magnesium aluminate spinel is preferable2O4Total content of (A)>90% particle size<45μm；
SiO of micro silicon powder2Content (wt.)>90 percent, the granularity of less than 1 mu m accounts for more than 80 percent, and the average grain diameter is 0.1-0.3 mu m;
al of pure calcium aluminate cement2O372-78% of content and granularity<90μm。
Further, preferably, the special additive is a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent; the mass ratio of the two is 1: 1.
Further, it is preferable that the pore-forming agent component is at least one of poly triallyl isocyanurate, vinyltriethoxysilane, or tetrabutyl orthotitanate; the water reducing agent is at least one of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde or polycarboxylate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micro powder, calcined alumina micro powder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and micro silicon powder, pouring the mixture into a mill, and grinding for 5-10 min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 5-10 min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 15-20 min, fully mixing uniformly to obtain a solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material to a furnace construction engineering construction site, erecting a mold according to a drawing for molding, tamping by a vibrating rod, completing pouring construction of a pouring material, and obtaining a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: and curing by a normal-temperature curing process and baking by a medium-low-temperature baking process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable.
Further, the curing time of the normal-temperature curing process is preferably 48-72 hours.
Further, the oven time is preferably 120-168 hours.
Further, preferably, the medium-low temperature oven process specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 260-320 ℃ from normal temperature, then preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃ and preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the temperature rising rate of the two times is controlled to be 10-15 ℃/h, the temperature falling rate is controlled to be 20-30 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 45-50h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
The sodium tripolyphosphate adopted by the invention has the advantages of excellent performance of chelating hard metal ions, high temperature resistance and good thermal stability.
The special additives adopted by the invention comprise pore-forming agent and water reducing agent, and the proportion can be 1: 1; the pore-forming agent component is at least one of poly triallyl isocyanurate (CAS #: 1025-15-6), vinyl triethoxysilane (CAS #: 754-05-2) or tetrabutyl orthotitanate (CAS #: 5593-70-4); the water reducing agent contains at least one of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (CAS #: 68036-97-5) or Polycarboxylate (PC), and has the advantages of low heat release, low expansion, easy volatilization, no toxicity and no odor.
The corundum particle is used as an alloy matrix and can be replaced by plate-shaped corundum particles, calcined alumina micro powder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and micro silicon powder are used as matrixes, silicon carbide micro powder is used as a reinforcing phase, pure calcium aluminate cement and sodium tripolyphosphate are used as adhesives, and a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent are used as special additives and are mixed to prepare the corundum-based material.
When the furnace is baked by the normal-temperature curing process and the medium-low temperature baking process, the doped part of water and the volatile matter which is easy to heat can be heated to react to generate gas for gasification and volatilization.
The finished product acceptance method comprises the following steps: the furnace building castable is visually observed through the opening, so that the furnace building castable is free from collapse, falling, bubbling and large penetrating cracks, and is initially qualified in appearance inspection; sampling and detecting the castable of the sample, analyzing and inspecting data, and primarily determining whether the furnace building is qualified or not; the final result is subject to acceptance by the execution according with the relevant national standard.
As the organic solid waste low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis carbonization furnace belongs to the design of medium and small series, and the effective volume in the hearth is not large or even has no effective space for manufacturing the lining, the series below 300t/d only recommends unshaped refractory castable as a refractory lining, particularly recommends no refractory material as a refractory lining below 50 t/d. Moreover, the working temperature of the drying, barrel, carbonization, curing and other parts of the carbonization furnace is usually not higher than 600 ℃, and the composite castable provided by the invention with the refractoriness lower than 900 ℃ is suitable for pouring or coating, so that the technical problems of heat insulation, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like of a refractory lining in a limited space can be solved, and the condition that a furnace body of the carbonization furnace needs to be made of higher-grade steel can be avoided, thereby further increasing the investment and operation cost. The casting or coating thickness of the composite castable in the carbonization furnace is usually 80-150 mm, and a design construction drawing needs to be executed in specific construction. The composite castable can also be used for industrial furnaces with similar working conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention belongs to a high-temperature wear-resistant silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite castable, which can be used as a mixture mark according to enterprise standards in a formula range: mAl2O3-nSiC, which has excellent wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, stable volume density and more than 24 months of service life.
(2) Under the same test conditions, the composite castable has the advantages of high bonding strength with the base body of the carbonization furnace or the steel silo, enhanced impact resistance, high compressive strength and the like.
(3) After preparation, furnace building and furnace baking, various performance indexes of the invention are detected or tested according to relevant standards: the apparent porosity is 10-25%, the average pore diameter is 1.5-10.0 μm, the bulk density is 2.2-2.7 g/cm, and the normal-temperature compressive strength is 110-155 MPa.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. In order to avoid repetition, the matrix, the reinforcing phase and other technical parameters related to the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace in the specific embodiment are uniformly described as follows, and will not be described again in the specific embodiment:
al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the particle size is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 20-30%, the particle size is more than or equal to 1mm and is 40-50% and less than 3mm, the particle size is less than 1mm and is 30-40%, and the total is 100%;
the SiC content of the silicon carbide micro powder is more than 97%, the granularity is less than 15 mu m, the Mohs hardness is 9.2-9.5, the average grain size is 7-14 mu m, and the grain size accounts for more than 50% of the grain size of 10-14 mu m;
al calcined alumina micropowder2O3Content (wt.)>99% particle size<5μm。
MgAl of fine powder of magnesium aluminate spinel2O4Total content of (A)>90% particle size<45μm；
SiO of micro silicon powder2Content (wt.)>90 percent, the granularity of less than 1 mu m accounts for more than 80 percent, and the average grain diameter is 0.1-0.3 mu m;
al of pure calcium aluminate cement2O372-78% of content and granularity<90μm。
The special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, and can be prepared according to the proportion of 1: 1; the pore-forming agent component is at least one of poly triallyl isocyanurate (CAS #: 1025-15-6), vinyl triethoxysilane (CAS #: 754-05-2) or tetrabutyl orthotitanate (CAS #: 5593-70-4); the water reducing agent comprises at least one of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (CAS #: 68036-97-5) or Polycarboxylate (PC).
The materials or equipment used in the invention are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional products which can be obtained by purchasing.
Example 1
The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
30% of corundum particles, 40% of silicon carbide micropowder, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 6% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 2% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5% of special additive and 7.5% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), and the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde in a mass ratio of 4: 6.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 10min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micropowder, calcined alumina micropowder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and silica fume, pouring into a mill, and grinding for 5min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 5min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 10min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 15min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid-liquid mixed state pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed state pouring raw material to a furnace building engineering construction site, erecting a mold according to a figure, forming, tamping by a vibrating rod, completing pouring construction of a pouring material, and obtaining a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: maintaining for 48h in a normal temperature maintaining process, and drying for 168h in a medium-low temperature furnace drying process to obtain a furnace building castable finished product.
The medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the steps of heating from normal temperature to 260 ℃, preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃, preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the temperature rising rate of the two times is controlled at 10 ℃/h, the temperature falling rate is controlled at 20 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 45h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
Example 2
The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
45% of corundum particles, 20% of silicon carbide micropowder, 13% of calcined alumina micropowder, 9% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 3.5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1.5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 4% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises vinyl triethoxysilane, and the water reducing agent comprises polycarboxylate according to the mass ratio of 6: 4.
Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the granularity is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 20 percent, the granularity is more than or equal to 1mm and is 40 percent, the granularity is less than 1mm and is 40 percent, and the total is 100 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 15min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micropowder, calcined alumina micropowder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and silica fume, pouring into a mill, and grinding for 10min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 10min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 15min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 20min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material to a furnace construction engineering construction site, forming according to a pattern, tamping by a vibrating rod to complete pouring construction of the pouring material to obtain a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: maintaining for 48h at normal temperature, and baking for 144h at medium-low temperature to obtain the finished product of the furnace building castable.
The medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: heating from normal temperature to 320 ℃, preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃, preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the temperature rising rate of the two times is controlled at 115 ℃/h, the temperature falling rate is controlled at 30 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 50h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
Example 3
The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
35% of corundum particles, 23% of silicon carbide micropowder, 12.3% of calcined alumina micropowder, 7% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 5% of silica fume, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 2% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.7% of special additive and 10% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises tetrabutyl orthotitanate, and the water reducing agent comprises polycarboxylate according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the granularity is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 30%, the granularity is more than or equal to 1mm and is 40% less than 3mm, the granularity is less than 1mm and is 30%, and the total is 100%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 13min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micropowder, calcined alumina micropowder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and silica fume, pouring into a mill, and grinding for 8min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 8min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 13min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 10min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material to a furnace construction engineering construction site, forming according to a pattern, tamping by a vibrating rod to complete pouring construction of the pouring material to obtain a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: maintaining for 55h in a normal temperature maintaining process, and baking for 120h in a medium-low temperature baking furnace process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable.
The medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: heating from normal temperature to 280 ℃, preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃, preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the temperature rising rate of the two times is controlled at 12 ℃/h, the temperature falling rate is controlled at 25 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 48h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
Example 4
The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
38% of corundum particles, 24.7% of silicon carbide micro powder, 12% of calcined alumina micro powder, 8% of magnesium aluminate spinel fine powder, 4% of micro silicon powder, 4% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1.5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.8% of special additive and 7% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate) and vinyl triethoxysilane, the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 4: 6: 10 mass ratio.
Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the granularity is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 20 percent, the granularity is more than or equal to 1mm and is 50 percent, the granularity is less than 1mm and is 30 percent, and the total is 100 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 12min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micropowder, calcined alumina micropowder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and silica fume, pouring into a mill, and grinding for 7min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 9min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 13min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 17min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid-liquid mixed state pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed state pouring raw material to a furnace building engineering construction site, erecting a mold according to a figure for molding, tamping by a vibrating rod, and completing pouring construction of a pouring material to obtain a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: maintaining for 60h by a normal temperature maintaining process, and drying for 168h by a medium-low temperature furnace drying process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable.
The medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 300 ℃ from normal temperature, then preserving heat, heating to 500 ℃ again, preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein the first temperature rise rate is controlled to be 10 ℃/h, the first temperature rise rate is controlled to be 13 ℃/h, the temperature drop rate is controlled to be 25 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 48h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
Example 5
The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
30% of corundum particles, 32.7% of silicon carbide micro powder, 12% of calcined alumina micro powder, 7.5% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 4.5% of silica fume, 4% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1.5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.8% of special additive and 7% of water; the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), vinyl triethoxysilane and tetrabutyl orthotitanate, and the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde and polycarboxylate, wherein the mass ratio of the sulfonated melamine formaldehyde to the polycarboxylate is 5:5:7.5: 7.5.
Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the granularity is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 25 percent, the granularity is more than or equal to 1mm and is less than 3mm and is 42 percent, the granularity is less than 1mm and is 33 percent, and the total is 100 percent;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 11min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micropowder, calcined alumina micropowder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and silica fume, pouring into a mill, and grinding for 6min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 9min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 14min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 18min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material to a furnace construction engineering construction site, forming according to a pattern, tamping by a vibrating rod to complete pouring construction of the pouring material to obtain a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: maintaining for 72h in a normal temperature maintaining process, and baking for 120h in a medium-low temperature baking furnace process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable.
The medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: heating from normal temperature to 290 ℃, then preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃, preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the first temperature rise rate is controlled at 15 ℃/h, the first temperature rise rate is controlled at 12 ℃/h, the temperature drop rate is controlled at 27 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 46h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
Example 6
The composite castable A for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
45% of corundum particles, 20% of silicon carbide micropowder, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 9% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 4% of silica fume, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, the pore-forming agent comprises poly triallyl isocyanurate, the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1.
Al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the granularity is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 24%, the granularity is more than or equal to 1mm and is 41% and the granularity is less than 1mm and is 35%, and the total is 100%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: conveying the raw material marks of all the components to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
(2) pre-mixing aggregate: respectively pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer, mixing, and stirring for 15min to obtain premixed aggregate;
(3) grinding base powder: mixing silicon carbide micro powder, calcined alumina micro powder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and micro silicon powder, and grinding for 10min to obtain matrix powder;
(4) premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 10min to obtain premixed fine powder;
(5) preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 15min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
(6) pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the pouring raw materials to a construction site prefabrication area, adding water, stirring for 20min, fully and uniformly mixing to obtain solid-liquid mixed state pouring raw materials, hoisting and conveying the pouring raw materials to a furnace construction engineering site, and tamping by a pattern-supporting forming vibrating rod in a limited time to complete pouring construction of the pouring materials to obtain a pouring material semi-finished product;
(7) curing and baking: maintaining for 60h in a normal temperature maintaining process, and baking for 132h in a medium-low temperature baking furnace process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable;
the medium-low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: at an average of 10 ℃ per hour to 290 ℃ for 27 h; keeping the temperature at 290 ℃ for 48 h; heating to 500 ℃ for 14h at an average temperature of 15 ℃ per hour; keeping the temperature at 500 ℃ for 24 h; continuously ventilating and cooling to the furnace chamber environment temperature for 19h at the temperature of 25 ℃ per hour;
(8) and (4) checking and accepting a finished product preliminarily: visually inspecting the tissue open holes, and preliminarily determining that the appearance is qualified; sampling and detecting to determine that the furnace is qualified.
The test data of this example 6 are shown in Table 1.
Example 7
The preparation method of the composite castable B for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace in the embodiment refers to the implementation steps 1-8 of the embodiment 6, and a finished product B is formed. The B comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
40% of corundum particles, 25% of silicon carbide micropowder, 12% of calcined alumina micropowder, 8% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water, wherein the total content is 100%; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1.
Example 8
The composite castable C for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace in the embodiment is prepared by referring to the implementation steps 1-8 in the embodiment 6 to form a finished product C. C comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
35% of corundum particles, 30% of silicon carbide micro powder, 10% of calcined alumina micro powder, 8% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 5% of micro silicon powder, 4% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5% of water, wherein the total content is 100%.
Example 9
The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite castable D for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace in the embodiment refers to the implementation steps 1-8 of the embodiment 6, and a finished product D is formed.
The D comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% of corundum particles, 35% of silicon carbide micropowder, 14% of calcined alumina micropowder, 8% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 3% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water, wherein the total content is 100%; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1.
Example 10
The preparation method of the high-temperature wear-resistant silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite castable E for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace in the embodiment refers to the implementation steps 1-8 of the embodiment 6, and a finished product E is formed.
E comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
30% of corundum particles, 40% of silicon carbide micropowder, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 6% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 4% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water, wherein the total amount is 100%; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1.
The data of the test on the finished products of examples 6 to 10 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1: the change of a re-burning line of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace is-0.25 to-0.1W/m.k, the thermal shock resistance is more than 20 times, and the bulk density is 2.2 to 2.7g/cm3The composite castable has the advantages of low coefficient of variation of a re-burning line, good thermal shock resistance, high compressive strength, very stable volume density and the like. And under the same test conditions, the adhesive strength with the carbonization furnace body or the steel silo is high, the impact resistance is enhanced, the moisture content of the finished product after the furnace is dried is not higher than 2.5 percent, and the like.
As the organic solid waste low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis carbonization furnace belongs to the design of medium and small series, and the effective volume in the hearth is not large or even has no effective space for manufacturing the lining, the series below 300t/d only recommends unshaped refractory castable as a refractory lining, particularly recommends no refractory material as a refractory lining below 50 t/d. Moreover, the working temperature of the drying, barrel, carbonization, curing and other parts of the carbonization furnace is usually not higher than 600 ℃, and the composite castable provided by the invention with the refractoriness lower than 900 ℃ is suitable for pouring or coating, so that the technical problems of heat insulation, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of a refractory lining in a limited space and the like can be solved, and the condition that the furnace body of the carbonization furnace needs to be made of higher-grade steel materials to further increase the investment and operation cost can be avoided. The refractory material can also be used in industrial furnaces with similar working conditions.
Comparative experiment 1
In comparative experiments of the composite castable materials A to E for the organic solid waste pyrolysis and carbonization furnace in the embodiments 6 to 10, the preparation method refers to the implementation steps 1 to 8 in the embodiment 6, and a finished product F, G, H is formed.
The F comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
65% of corundum particles, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 9% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 4% of silica fume, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1. (weakening reinforcing phase)
G comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
65% of silicon carbide micro powder, 10% of calcined alumina micro powder, 9% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 4% of micro silicon powder, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1. (weakening of aluminum base)
The H comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
45% of corundum particles, 20% of silicon carbide micropowder, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 9% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 5% of silica fume, 5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5% of water. (weakening additive)
The preliminary acceptance and detection data of the finished product F, G, H are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the finished product F, G, H belongs to the category of refractory castable, but has certain difference with the working condition matching performance of the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace, and has no economical efficiency and rationality.
Comparative experiment 2
In comparative experiments of the composite castable materials A to E for the organic solid waste pyrolysis and carbonization furnace in the embodiments 6 to 10, the preparation method refers to the implementation steps 1 to 8 (the specific implementation steps are slightly different, and are described in detail below) in the embodiment 6, and the finished product K, L, M, N is formed.
The reference ingredient mark of the finished product K, L, M, N is 30Al2O3-40SiC, and the components in percentage by mass comprise:
30% of corundum particles, 40% of silicon carbide micropowder, 10% of calcined alumina micropowder, 6% of magnesia-alumina spinel micropowder, 3% of silica fume, 4% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1% of special additive and 5% of water, wherein the total amount is 100%; the special additive comprises a pore-forming agent and a water reducing agent, wherein the pore-forming agent comprises poly (triallyl isocyanurate), the water reducing agent comprises sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, and the mass ratio of the pore-forming agent to the water reducing agent is 1: 1.
The preparation method of the finished product K, L, M, N comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing materials, premixing aggregates, grinding matrix powder, premixing fine powder, preparing a premix and pouring three samples according to the implementation steps 1-6 of the embodiment 6 in sequence;
(2) curing and baking: curing the sample for 48h by a normal-temperature curing process without baking for 168h by a medium-low-temperature baking process, and directly obtaining a finished product K of the furnace building castable; and maintaining the second sample for 48h by the normal-temperature maintenance process, and continuing maintaining for 720h (namely more than 30 days) by the normal-temperature maintenance process to obtain a finished product L of the furnace building castable. Directly baking the sample III in a medium-low temperature baking furnace process for 120 hours without curing in a normal-temperature curing process to obtain a furnace building castable finished product M; directly baking the sample four for 240h (more than 10 days) by a medium-low temperature baking process without curing by a normal-temperature curing process to obtain a finished product N of the furnace building castable;
(3) initial determination of open hole visual inspection: the surface of the finished product K is wet, and cracks appear on the surface of L, M; the finished product N has chap and expansion cracks;
(4) preliminary results of sampling test: the average water content of the finished product K, L is over 2.5 percent, the finished product is not dehydrated or is not dehydrated completely, the volatile components are not gasified completely, and the detection index values such as apparent porosity, compressive strength and the like are low; the average water content of the finished product M is 2.8%, the interior of the finished product M is not completely dehydrated and gasified, and the detection index values such as apparent porosity, compressive strength and the like are lower and do not reach the standard; the average water content of the finished product N is not more than 1.8 percent, dehydration and gasification are basically completed, and the difference between the detection index values such as apparent porosity, compressive strength and the like and the detection index values of the example 10 is not great.
The primary acceptance shows that the finished product K, L, M, N is unqualified in appearance, and the detection data of the finished product N is closest to the qualified product. Therefore, by adjusting the preparation method, raw materials with the same formula label may not be prepared into qualified finished products.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
30-45% of corundum particles, 20-40% of silicon carbide micro powder, 10-15% of calcined alumina micro powder, 6-9% of magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder, 3-5% of silica fume, 2-5% of pure calcium aluminate cement, 1-2% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5-1% of special additive and 4-10% of water, wherein the total is 100%; the special additive is pore-forming agent and water reducing agent.
2. The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
al of corundum particles2O3Content (wt.)>99%, the corundum grain composition is: the particle size is more than or equal to 3mm and less than 5mm and is 20-30%, the particle size is more than or equal to 1mm and is 40-50% and less than 3mm, the particle size is less than 1mm and is 30-40%, and the total is 100%;
the SiC content of the silicon carbide micro powder is more than 97%, the granularity is less than 15 mu m, the Mohs hardness is 9.2-9.5, the average grain size is 7-14 mu m, and the grain size accounts for more than 50% of the grain size of 10-14 mu m;
al calcined alumina micropowder2O3Content (wt.)>99% particle size<5μm。
3. The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
MgAl of fine powder of magnesium aluminate spinel2O4Total content of (A)>90% particle size<45μm；
SiO of micro silicon powder2Content (wt.)>90 percent, the granularity of less than 1 mu m accounts for more than 80 percent, and the average grain diameter is 0.1-0.3 mu m;
al of pure calcium aluminate cement2O372-78% of content and granularity<90μm。
4. The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the special additive is pore-forming agent and water reducing agent; the mass ratio of the two is 1: 1.
5. The composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
the pore-forming agent component is at least one of poly-triallyl isocyanurate, vinyl triethoxysilane or tetrabutyl orthotitanate; the water reducing agent is at least one of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde or polycarboxylate.
6. The preparation method of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), preparing materials: conveying each raw material identification to a construction site prefabrication area, and stacking in a waterproof and moistureproof classification manner;
step (2), premixing aggregate: pouring the corundum particles and the sodium tripolyphosphate into a stirrer respectively, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain premixed aggregate;
step (3), grinding the base powder: mixing silicon carbide micro powder, calcined alumina micro powder, magnesia-alumina spinel fine powder and micro silicon powder, pouring the mixture into a mill, and grinding for 5-10 min to obtain matrix powder;
step (4), premixing fine powder: mixing the matrix powder with pure calcium aluminate cement, and stirring for 5-10 min to obtain premixed fine powder;
step (5), preparing a premix: adding the premixed fine powder into the premixed aggregate, adding the special additive, and stirring for 10-15 min to obtain a composite solid pouring premix;
step (6), pouring a semi-finished product: conveying the composite solid pouring premix to a construction site prefabricating area, adding water into the construction site prefabricating area, stirring for 15-20 min, fully mixing uniformly to obtain a solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material, lifting and conveying the solid-liquid mixed pouring raw material to a furnace construction engineering construction site, erecting a mold according to a drawing for molding, tamping by a vibrating rod, completing pouring construction of a pouring material, and obtaining a pouring material semi-finished product;
step (7), maintaining and baking: and curing by a normal-temperature curing process and baking by a medium-low-temperature baking process to obtain a finished product of the furnace building castable.
7. The preparation method of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 6, wherein the curing time of the normal-temperature curing process is 48-72 hours.
8. The preparation method of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the furnace drying time is 120-168 hours.
9. The preparation method of the composite castable for the organic solid waste pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 8, is characterized in that the medium and low temperature furnace drying process specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 260-320 ℃ from normal temperature, then preserving heat, then heating to 500 ℃ and preserving heat, and then cooling to normal temperature; wherein, the temperature rising rate of the two times is controlled to be 10-15 ℃/h, the temperature falling rate is controlled to be 20-30 ℃/h, the first heat preservation time is 45-50h, and the rest is the second heat preservation time.
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