CN113929368A - Preparation method of light board - Google Patents
Preparation method of light board Download PDFInfo
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- CN113929368A CN113929368A CN202111269747.3A CN202111269747A CN113929368A CN 113929368 A CN113929368 A CN 113929368A CN 202111269747 A CN202111269747 A CN 202111269747A CN 113929368 A CN113929368 A CN 113929368A
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- fly ash
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- lightweight board
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0481—Other specific industrial waste materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B18/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a light board, which comprises the following steps of mixing a material for preparing the light board with water to obtain mixed slurry, and then carrying out forming, autoclaved curing and drying on the mixed slurry to obtain the light board, wherein the total weight of the material is 100 percent, and the material comprises the following components: 40-60% of fly ash, 15-35% of stainless steel pickling sludge, 1-10% of silicon powder, 0.01-1% of desulfurized gypsum, 10-30% of fiber and 1-5% of cement. By improving the raw materials and the preparation method, the invention not only improves the compressive strength of the light plate, but also realizes the reutilization of the stainless steel pickling sludge, and has the advantages of simple process, high qualification rate and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a light plate.
Background
The lightweight board is widely used at present, and has the properties of light weight, permeability resistance, sound insulation, noise reduction, heat preservation, heat insulation and the like. The fly ash is also called fly ash or ash, is a waste material in industrial production, mainly exists in waste gas discharged by coal burning of coal power plants, is a product after oxides such as silicon, aluminum and the like are burnt, and the dead weight of a light plate can be effectively reduced by adding the fly ash into the light plate.
Patent CN201611241118.9 discloses a fly ash light wallboard and a preparation method thereof, the raw materials are: 70 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of cement and 5 parts of fiber substance. The light wallboard is prepared by mixing the raw materials, adding water, stirring, extruding, curing for 12-16 h by steam, and curing at 210 ℃ under 1.8Mpa for 6-8 h. The fly ash addition amount of the method is high, so that the prepared light wallboard is low in compressive strength, easy to crack and low in yield.
Patent CN201110167371.5 discloses a light wallboard made of fly ash and a manufacturing method thereof, the raw materials are: 90-120 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of construction waste, 40-60 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 10-40 parts of expanded perlite and 40-60 parts of cement. Firstly, crushing the construction waste with the formula amount to be less than 200 meshes, uniformly mixing the construction waste with the fly ash accounting for 2/3 of the formula amount and the potassium feldspar powder with the formula amount, granulating, roasting for 20-120 minutes at 1500 ℃ of 1150-; uniformly stirring the roasted particles, the cement with the formula amount, the fly ash accounting for 1/3 of the formula amount and the expanded perlite with the formula amount in a stirrer to obtain a mixed material; and adding water accounting for 5-20 wt% of the mixture, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain a mixed material for later use, and adding the mixed material for later use into a model for molding, demolding and maintaining to obtain the light wallboard. According to the method, the construction waste and the potassium feldspar powder are added, and the construction waste, the potassium feldspar powder and part of the fly ash are roasted and granulated at the temperature of 1150-plus-1500 ℃, so that the compressive strength of the light wallboard can be improved, but the light wallboard needs to be roasted at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, the energy consumption is high, and the preparation process is complex.
Therefore, how to improve the compressive strength of the lightweight board and provide a preparation method of the lightweight board with mild preparation conditions and simple preparation process becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a lightweight board with high compressive strength and simple preparation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a preparation method of a light board, which comprises the steps of mixing a material for preparing the light board with water to obtain mixed slurry, and then forming, autoclaving and curing the mixed slurry, and drying the mixed slurry to obtain the light board, wherein the total weight of the material is 100%, and the material comprises the following components:
40-60% of fly ash
15-35% of stainless steel pickling sludge
1-10% of silicon powder
0.01 to 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum
10 to 30 percent of fiber
1-5% of cement.
Preferably, the material comprises the following components by taking the total weight of the material as 100 percent:
40-55% of fly ash
20-30% of stainless steel pickling sludge
3-8% of silicon powder
0.01 to 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum
15 to 25 percent of fiber
1-5% of cement.
Preferably, the mass of the calcium-containing substances in the stainless steel pickling sludge accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge, wherein the calcium-containing substances comprise CaO and CaF2、CaSO4、Ca（OH）2One or more of (a).
Further preferably, the mass of the calcium-containing substance in the stainless steel pickling sludge accounts for 40-60% of the total mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the step of relieving pressure after the autoclave curing is finished and before the drying, and the pressure drop amplitude is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 Mpa/h.
Further preferably, within the first 2 hours of the pressure relief step, the pressure drop amplitude is controlled to be 0.1-0.15 Mpa/h; and after 2 hours after the pressure relief step is started, controlling the pressure drop amplitude to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa/h.
Still further preferably, the pressure drop amplitude within the first 2h of the pressure relief step is smaller than the pressure drop amplitude after 2h after the start of the pressure relief step.
Preferably, the pressure reduction amplitude is controlled by air supply during the pressure relief.
Further preferably, air is used for the make-up.
Preferably, the temperature of the autoclaved curing is controlled to be 185-190 ℃.
Further preferably, the time of the steam pressure curing is controlled to be 5-15 hours, and further 8-12 hours.
Further preferably, the pressure of the autoclave curing is controlled to be 0.8 to 1.2Mpa, and further 0.9 to 1.1 Mpa.
Preferably, the step of mixing the material for preparing the lightweight board with water comprises mixing the fly ash with water, then adding the stainless steel acid-washed sludge, the silicon powder, the fibers and the cement into the mixed system respectively, and finally adding the desulfurized gypsum into the system.
Further preferably, the fly ash and water are mixed in a batch feeding mode, wherein the batch feeding mode comprises the steps of mixing part of the fly ash and part of the water, and then gradually adding the rest of the fly ash and the rest of the water into a mixed system until the fly ash and the water are completely mixed, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash and the water added each time is controlled to be (1-2): 20.
preferably, the mass of the material for preparing the lightweight board accounts for 8-15% of the total mass of the mixed slurry, and further accounts for 8-12%.
Preferably, the fibers comprise one or more of pulp fibers, wood pulp fibers, bamboo fibers.
According to some preferred embodiments, the preparation method comprises the steps of:
(1) mixing part of fly ash with part of water, gradually adding the rest fly ash and the rest water into the mixed system until the fly ash and the water are completely mixed, respectively adding stainless steel acid-washed sludge, silicon powder, fibers and cement into the mixed system, and finally adding desulfurized gypsum into the system to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the mass of the material for preparing the lightweight board accounts for 8-15% of the total mass of the mixed slurry;
(2) distributing the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, sucking and filtering water by a vacuum system to prepare a blank, and rolling and forming by a net wheel to prepare a blank;
(3) feeding the plate blank into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the temperature of the autoclave curing is controlled to be 185-190 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 Mpa, and the time is controlled to be 5-15 hours;
(4) after the autoclave curing is finished, air is supplied and pressure is relieved, and the pressure reduction amplitude in the autoclave is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 Mpa/h;
(5) and drying the plate blank after the pressure relief is finished so as to obtain the light plate.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
by improving the raw materials and the preparation method, the invention not only improves the compressive strength of the light plate, but also realizes the reutilization of the stainless steel pickling sludge, and has the advantages of simple process, high qualification rate and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a light weight panel prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a light weight panel prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a light weight panel prepared in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a light weight panel prepared in example 3;
FIG. 5 is a light weight panel prepared in example 3;
FIG. 6 is a light weight panel obtained in example 4;
fig. 7 shows the lightweight board prepared in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
As the fly ash is added into the light board, compared with a calcium silicate board, the compression strength of the light board is generally not high. According to the method, the stainless steel acid-washing sludge is added into the raw materials for preparing the light plate, and the components and the component content of the raw materials are adjusted, so that the compression strength of the light plate can be increased without the step of high-temperature roasting granulation. The following is a further discussion of the present application.
A preparation method of a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the material for preparing the lightweight board with water to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) distributing the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, sucking and filtering water by a vacuum system to prepare a blank, and rolling and forming by a net wheel to prepare a blank;
(3) feeding the plate blank into a still kettle for steam pressure curing;
(4) and (4) after the autoclave curing is finished, releasing the pressure, and drying the slab after the pressure release is finished so as to obtain the light board.
The materials for preparing the lightweight board comprise fly ash, stainless steel acid-washing sludge, silicon powder, desulfurized gypsum, fiber and cement.
The fly ash in the application is mainly fine solid particles generated in the coal combustion process and mainly contains silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. The fly ash content is low, the dead weight of the light board is large, and the fly ash content is increased, so that although the dead weight of the light board can be reduced, the compressive strength of the light board can also be reduced, and the light board cannot meet the industrial requirements. Preferably, the mass of the fly ash accounts for 40 to 60% of the total mass of the material, and the mass ratio of the fly ash in the material may be, for example, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%.
The stainless steel pickling sludge is sludge generated in a stainless steel production process, the mass of calcium-containing substances in the stainless steel pickling sludge accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge, and preferably, the mass of the calcium-containing substances accounts for 40-60% of the total mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge. Wherein the calcium-containing substance comprises CaO and CaF2、CaSO4、Ca（OH）2One or more of (a). The stainless steel pickling sludge contains metal oxides such as oxides of iron, cadmium, manganese, nickel, etc., in addition to calcium-containing substances. The mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge accounts for 15-35% of the total mass of the material, and the mass ratio of the stainless steel pickling sludge in the material may be, for example, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%.
The silicon powder in the application is silicon micropowder, and the main component of the silicon micropowder is silicon dioxide. The mass of the silicon powder accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the material, and the mass ratio of the silicon powder in the material can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10%, for example.
The fiber in the application comprises one or more of pulp fiber, wood pulp fiber and bamboo fiber. The compressive strength of the lightweight board can be improved by increasing the content of the fibers, but the fibers are easy to sinter and carbonize in the steam-pressure curing process along with the gradual increase of the content of the fibers, so that the qualification rate of the prepared lightweight board is reduced. Preferably, the mass of the fibers accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the material. The mass ratio of the fibers in the material may be, for example, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%.
The desulfurization gypsum in the application can be common commercially available desulfurization gypsum, and the addition of the desulfurization gypsum is used as an exciting agent to promote the hydration reaction of silicon and calcium on the one hand, and can neutralize the acid components in the stainless steel pickling sludge on the other hand, so that the preparation of the light plate is more facilitated. Preferably, the mass of the desulfurized gypsum is 0.01 to 1% of the total mass of the material, and the mass ratio of the desulfurized gypsum in the material may be, for example, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1%.
The cement in this application can be ordinary commercial cement, and the compressive strength of light board can be improved in the joining of cement, but the joining of cement also can make the probability increase of light board swell, foaming, and then reduces the qualification rate of light board. Preferably, the mass of the cement accounts for 1 to 5% of the total mass of the material, and the mass ratio of the cement may be, for example, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%.
According to some preferred embodiments, the material comprises the following components, based on 100% of the total weight of the material:
40-60% of fly ash
15-35% of stainless steel pickling sludge
1-10% of silicon powder
0.01 to 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum
10 to 30 percent of fiber
1-5% of cement.
The step of mixing the material for preparing the lightweight board with water in the step (1) comprises the steps of mixing the fly ash with water, then respectively adding stainless steel acid-washed sludge, silicon powder, fibers and cement into the mixed system, and finally adding desulfurized gypsum into the system. Preferably, the fly ash and water are mixed in a batch feeding mode, wherein the batch feeding mode comprises the steps of mixing part of the fly ash and part of the water, and then gradually adding the rest of the fly ash and the rest of the water into a mixed system until the fly ash and the water are completely mixed, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash and the water added each time is controlled to be (1-2): 20, the mass ratio of the fly ash to the water added in each time can be 1: 20. 1.5: 20. 1: 10. because the fly ash density is small, the fly ash floats on water when the fly ash and other materials are directly mixed with water, and other materials sink into the water bottom, so that the fly ash cannot be uniformly mixed with other materials, and the condition of nonuniform material mixing is easy to occur; the fly ash is directly mixed with water, and the fly ash can be agglomerated again to generate conglobation. According to the method, part of fly ash and part of water are mixed firstly, and then the rest fly ash and the rest water are gradually added, so that the phenomenon that the fly ash and the water are mixed, agglomerated and agglomerated is avoided, and the uniformity of fly ash dispersion is ensured.
Further, the mass of the material for preparing the light boards accounts for 8-15% of the total mass of the mixed slurry, and the mass ratio of the material for preparing the light boards in the mixed slurry can be 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% and 15%, for example.
In the step (2), the moisture content of the blank is lower than 30% by means of vacuum suction and mesh wheel rolling. Wherein, the processes of vacuum suction and mesh wheel rolling are conventional processes.
The steam pressure curing temperature in the step (3) is 185-190 ℃, for example: 185 deg.C, 186 deg.C, 187 deg.C, 188 deg.C, 189 deg.C, 190 deg.C. The time of the steam pressure curing is 5-15 h, for example: 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h, 13h, 14h and 15 h. The pressure of the steam pressure curing is 0.8-1.2 Mpa, for example: 0.8MPa, 0.9 MPa, 1MPa, 1.1MPa, 1.2 MPa. Pressure release includes in the pressure release process in this application step (4), and the control pressure falls the amplitude and is 0.1~0.2Mpa/h, for example: 0.1MPa/h, 0.11 MPa/h, 0.12 MPa/h, 0.13 MPa/h, 0.14 MPa/h, 0.15 MPa/h, 0.16 MPa/h, 0.17 MPa/h, 0.18 MPa/h, 0.19 MPa/h, 0.2 MPa/h. There is the space between the slab, and steam, gas etc. can enter into the space among the in-process of autoclaved curing, and if the pressure release speed is too fast can make the inside and outside differential pressure increase of slab, steam, gas etc. in the space can run out at once to the condition that causes the slab fracture takes place. The pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the plate blank can be effectively controlled by controlling the pressure relief speed, and the probability of cracking of the plate blank is reduced. Preferably, within the first 2 hours of the pressure relief step, the pressure reduction amplitude is controlled to be 0.1-0.15 Mpa/h; and after 2 hours after the pressure relief step is started, controlling the pressure drop amplitude to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa/h. Further, the pressure drop amplitude within the first 2h of the pressure relief step is smaller than the pressure drop amplitude after 2h after the pressure relief step is started.
Further, the pressure reduction amplitude is controlled by supplying air in the pressure relief process, and preferably, air can be used for supplying air. The pressure drop amplitude is controlled in a gas supplementing mode, so that stable reduction of pressure can be guaranteed, the temperature in the still kettle can be quickly reduced, and the preparation efficiency of the light plate is improved.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not mentioned are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The following examples and comparative stainless steel pickling sludge are provided by the company, stainless steel, inc.
The silicon powder, desulfurized gypsum, pulp and cement in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available products, wherein the silicon powder is obtained from Fengyang Changrong powder materials Co., Ltd, the desulfurized gypsum is obtained from Zhang hong Shazhou Power Co., Ltd, the pulp is obtained from ARAUCO, Chilean forestry Co., Ltd, and the cement is obtained from Anhui conch Cement Co., Ltd.
The test method for the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the lightweight plate in the application is based on the test method for fiber cement products in GB/T7019-2014.
Example 1
A method for preparing a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively adding 3 tons of water and 200kg of fly ash into a batching tank, starting a stirring device in the batching tank, controlling the stirring speed to be 500rpm, adding 100kg of fly ash and 2 tons of water into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring again, adding 195kg of stainless steel acid-washed sludge, 39kg of silicon powder, 140kg of paper pulp and 15.6kg of cement into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, and adding 0.78kg of desulfurized gypsum into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring to uniformly disperse the materials to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) uniformly spreading the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, performing suction filtration on the industrial blanket through a vacuum system under the pressure of-0.02 Mpa to prepare a blank, and rolling the blank by using a net wheel to ensure that the moisture content of the blank is 40%;
(3) winding the blank on a forming cylinder of a plate making machine, winding 10 layers of the blank to form a blank with the thickness of 10mm, cutting the blank into blanks, and stacking the blanks;
(4) feeding the stacked plate blanks into an autoclave, and performing autoclave curing for 10 hours at 185 ℃ and under the pressure of 1 Mpa;
(5) opening a pressure relief valve on the autoclave for pressure relief, opening an air supply device to charge air into the autoclave for supplying air to the autoclave, controlling the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave to be 0.1Mpa/h, and reducing the air supply flow of the air supply device after 2h so that the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave is 0.2Mpa/h until pressure reduction is finished;
(6) and after the pressure relief is finished, drying the plate blank at 110 ℃ to obtain the light plate with the water content of 15%.
The detection shows that the qualification rate of the light plate is 97 percent, and the compressive strength is 12 Mpa. The light weight board prepared in this example is shown in fig. 1, and the prepared light weight board has a regular shape, is not deformed, and has no cracking, bulging or carbonization.
Example 2
A method for preparing a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively adding 3 tons of water and 200kg of fly ash into a batching tank, starting a stirring device in the batching tank, controlling the stirring speed to be 500rpm, adding 100kg of fly ash and 2 tons of water into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring again, adding 195kg of stainless steel acid-washed sludge, 39kg of silicon powder, 140kg of paper pulp and 15.6kg of cement into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, and adding 0.78kg of desulfurized gypsum into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring to uniformly disperse the materials to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) uniformly spreading the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, performing suction filtration on the industrial blanket through a vacuum system under the pressure of-0.02 Mpa to prepare a blank, and rolling the blank by using a net wheel to ensure that the water content of the blank is lower than 30%; (ii) a
(3) Winding the blank on a forming cylinder of a plate making machine, winding 10 layers of the blank to form a blank with the thickness of 10mm, cutting the blank into blanks, and stacking the blanks;
(4) feeding the stacked plate blanks into an autoclave, and performing autoclave curing for 10 hours at 185 ℃ and under the pressure of 1 Mpa;
(5) opening a pressure relief valve on the still kettle for pressure relief, opening an air supplement device to fill air into the still kettle to supplement air to the still kettle, and controlling the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the still kettle to be 0.2Mpa/h until pressure reduction is finished;
(6) and after the pressure relief is finished, drying the plate blank at 110 ℃ to obtain the light plate with the water content of 12%.
The detection shows that the qualification rate of the light plate is 80 percent, and the compressive strength is 8 Mpa. The unqualified light boards are mainly detected to have cracking and deformation, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, part of the light boards are deformed and cracked, wherein the cracking position is shown in detail in a horizontal line part of fig. 3. The pressure relief amplitude reduction is overlarge in the initial stage of the pressure relief process, and gases such as water vapor, air and the like in the light plate can rapidly escape, so that the probability of cracking and deformation of the light plate is increased.
Example 3
A method for preparing a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 7 tons of water, 400kg of fly ash, 195kg of stainless steel acid-washing sludge, 39kg of silicon powder, 0.78kg of desulfurized gypsum, 140kg of paper pulp and 15.6kg of cement into a batching tank respectively, starting a stirring device in the batching tank, controlling the stirring speed to be 500rpm, and stirring for 15min to uniformly disperse materials to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) uniformly spreading the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, performing suction filtration on the industrial blanket through a vacuum system under the pressure of-0.02 Mpa to prepare a blank, and rolling the blank by using a net wheel to ensure that the water content of the blank is lower than 30%; (ii) a
(3) Winding the blank on a forming cylinder of a plate making machine, winding 10 layers of the blank to form a blank with the thickness of 10mm, cutting the blank into blanks, and stacking the blanks;
(4) feeding the stacked plate blanks into an autoclave, and performing autoclave curing for 10 hours at 185 ℃ and under the pressure of 1 Mpa;
(5) opening a pressure relief valve on the autoclave for pressure relief, opening an air supply device to charge air into the autoclave for supplying air to the autoclave, controlling the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave to be 0.1Mpa/h, and reducing the air supply flow of the air supply device after 2h so that the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave is 0.2Mpa/h until pressure reduction is finished;
(6) and after the pressure relief is finished, drying the plate blank at 110 ℃ to obtain the light plate with the water content of 12%.
The detection shows that the qualification rate of the light plate is 30 percent, and the compressive strength is 10 Mpa. The light boards that failed the test were mainly swelled as shown in fig. 4 and 5. Since the fly ash is light, if the fly ash is directly mixed with other raw materials and water, the fly ash floats on the surface of the water, and the raw materials with high specific gravity sink into the water bottom, so that the fly ash is not uniformly mixed with other raw materials, and the condition of swelling is caused.
Example 4
A method for preparing a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively adding 3 tons of water and 200kg of fly ash into a batching tank, starting a stirring device in the batching tank, controlling the stirring speed to be 500rpm, stirring for 5min, then adding 100kg of fly ash and 2 tons of water into the batching tank, stirring again, stirring for 5min, then respectively adding 195kg of stainless steel acid-washed sludge, 39kg of silicon powder, 250kg of paper pulp and 50kg of cement into the batching tank, stirring for 5min, then adding 0.78kg of desulfurized gypsum into the batching tank, and stirring to uniformly disperse the materials to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) uniformly spreading the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, performing suction filtration on the industrial blanket through a vacuum system under the pressure of-0.02 Mpa to prepare a blank, and rolling the blank by using a net wheel to ensure that the water content of the blank is lower than 30%; (ii) a
(3) Winding the blank on a forming cylinder of a plate making machine, winding 10 layers of the blank to form a blank with the thickness of 10mm, cutting the blank into blanks, and stacking the blanks;
(4) feeding the stacked plate blanks into an autoclave, and performing autoclave curing for 10 hours at 185 ℃ and under the pressure of 1 Mpa;
(5) opening a pressure relief valve on the autoclave for pressure relief, opening an air supply device to charge air into the autoclave for supplying air to the autoclave, controlling the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave to be 0.1Mpa/h, and reducing the air supply flow of the air supply device after 2h so that the reduction amplitude of the pressure in the autoclave is 0.2Mpa/h until pressure reduction is finished;
(6) and after the pressure relief is finished, drying the plate blank at 110 ℃ to obtain the light plate with the water content of 10%.
The detection shows that the qualification rate of the light plate is 50 percent, and the compressive strength is 14 Mpa. The unqualified light boards are mainly detected to have the phenomena of bulging and carbonization, and light boards at the square frame and the circle in the figure shown in fig. 6 are carbonized. The increase of the content of paper pulp and cement in the light board can improve the compressive strength of the light board, but also can increase the probability that the light board is carbonized and bulges, thereby reducing the qualification rate of the light board.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a lightweight board comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively adding 3 tons of water and 200kg of fly ash into a batching tank, starting a stirring device in the batching tank, controlling the stirring speed to be 500rpm, adding 100kg of fly ash and 2 tons of water into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring again, adding 195kg of stainless steel acid-washed sludge, 39kg of silicon powder, 140kg of paper pulp and 15.6kg of cement into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, and adding 0.78kg of desulfurized gypsum into the batching tank after stirring for 5min, stirring to uniformly disperse the materials to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) uniformly spreading the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, performing suction filtration on the industrial blanket through a vacuum system under the pressure of-0.02 Mpa to prepare a blank, and rolling the blank by using a net wheel to ensure that the water content of the blank is lower than 30%; (ii) a
(3) Winding the blank on a forming cylinder of a plate making machine, winding 10 layers of the blank to form a blank with the thickness of 10mm, cutting the blank into blanks, and stacking the blanks;
(4) feeding the stacked plate blanks into an autoclave, and performing autoclave curing for 10 hours at 185 ℃ and under the pressure of 1 Mpa;
(5) and opening a pressure release valve on the autoclave for pressure release, and drying the plate blank at 110 ℃ after 3 hours of pressure release is finished to obtain the light plate with the water content of 10%.
The test result shows that the percent of pass of the lightweight board is less than 10%, the lightweight board prepared in the embodiment is shown in fig. 7, and the prepared lightweight board is layered (at the square box in fig. 7) and cannot be used.
The present invention has been described in detail in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to practice it, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a light board comprises the steps of mixing a material for preparing the light board with water to obtain mixed slurry, and then forming, autoclaving, maintaining and drying the mixed slurry to obtain the light board, wherein the method is characterized in that: the material comprises the following components by taking the total weight of the material as 100 percent:
40-60% of fly ash
15-35% of stainless steel pickling sludge
1-10% of silicon powder
0.01 to 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum
10 to 30 percent of fiber
1-5% of cement.
2. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: the mass of calcium-containing substances in the stainless steel pickling sludge accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the stainless steel pickling sludge, wherein the calcium-containing substances comprise CaO and CaF2、CaSO4、Ca（OH）2One or more of (a).
3. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method further comprises the step of relieving pressure after the autoclave curing is finished and before the drying, and the pressure drop amplitude is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 Mpa/h.
4. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 3, wherein: controlling the pressure drop amplitude to be 0.1-0.15 Mpa/h within the first 2h of the pressure relief step; and after 2 hours after the pressure relief step is started, controlling the pressure drop amplitude to be 0.15-0.2 Mpa/h, wherein the pressure drop amplitude within the first 2 hours of the pressure relief step is smaller than the pressure drop amplitude after 2 hours after the pressure relief step is started.
5. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 3, wherein: and air is supplemented in the pressure relief process to control the pressure reduction amplitude, wherein the gas used in air supplementation is air.
6. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: and controlling the temperature of the autoclaved curing to be 185-190 ℃, the time to be 5-15 h and the pressure to be 0.8-1.2 Mpa.
7. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: the step of mixing the material for preparing the lightweight board with water comprises the steps of mixing the fly ash with water, then respectively adding stainless steel acid-washing sludge, silicon powder, fibers and cement into the mixed system, and finally adding desulfurized gypsum into the system.
8. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 7, wherein: mixing the fly ash and water in a batch feeding mode, wherein the batch feeding mode comprises the steps of mixing part of the fly ash and part of water, and gradually adding the rest of the fly ash and the rest of the water into a mixed system until the fly ash and the water are completely mixed, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash and the water added each time is controlled to be (1-2): 20.
9. the method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: the mass of the material for preparing the lightweight board accounts for 8-15% of the total mass of the mixed slurry;
and/or the fibers comprise one or more of pulp fibers, wood pulp fibers and bamboo fibers.
10. The method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing part of fly ash with part of water, gradually adding the rest fly ash and the rest water into the mixed system until the fly ash and the water are completely mixed, respectively adding stainless steel acid-washed sludge, silicon powder, fibers and cement into the mixed system, and finally adding desulfurized gypsum into the system to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the mass of the material for preparing the lightweight board accounts for 8-15% of the total mass of the mixed slurry;
(2) distributing the mixed slurry on an industrial blanket, sucking and filtering water by a vacuum system to prepare a blank, and rolling and forming by a net wheel to prepare a blank;
(3) feeding the plate blank into an autoclave for autoclave curing, wherein the temperature of the autoclave curing is controlled to be 185-190 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 Mpa, and the time is controlled to be 5-15 hours;
(4) after the autoclave curing is finished, air is supplied and pressure is relieved, and the pressure reduction amplitude in the autoclave is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 Mpa/h;
(5) and drying the plate blank after the pressure relief is finished so as to obtain the light plate.
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