CN113927344A - High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces - Google Patents

High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113927344A
CN113927344A CN202111270229.3A CN202111270229A CN113927344A CN 113927344 A CN113927344 A CN 113927344A CN 202111270229 A CN202111270229 A CN 202111270229A CN 113927344 A CN113927344 A CN 113927344A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seat
hole
clamping
sliding plug
clamping seat
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Granted
Application number
CN202111270229.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113927344B (en
Inventor
陈澜
毛建平
李欣
包建林
谢小兵
陆晓平
漆德意
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Zhejiang Wanliyang Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
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Zhejiang Wanliyang Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111270229.3A priority Critical patent/CN113927344B/en
Publication of CN113927344A publication Critical patent/CN113927344A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/12Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an axle type workpiece clamping device, in particular to a high-precision axle type workpiece clamping device. The utility model provides an axle type work piece high accuracy clamping device, its characterized in that is including clamping seat and chuck, the clamping seat middle part is stepped down to the top point, the inside chamber that holds that is equipped with of clamping seat, it is equipped with at least three sliding plug board to hold the intracavity cunning, mutual independence between the sliding plug board, the clamping seat have with hold first gas pocket and the at least three through-hole of chamber intercommunication, the through-hole sets up in clamping seat same one side, have on the sliding plug board and pass the through-hole in order to stretch out to holding the regulating block outside the chamber, the chuck is fixed with the clamping seat and has the chuck hole of stepping down that the top point stepped down, it is equipped with the jack catch on the chuck, after gaseous entering through first gas pocket holds the intracavity, gaseous promotion sliding plug board removes to make the jack catch move to the inboard along the chuck is radial. The invention has the advantages of self-adaptive adjustment of the concentricity of the shaft workpiece and improvement of the clamping precision of the shaft workpiece.

Description

High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces
Technical Field
The invention relates to an axle type workpiece clamping device, in particular to a high-precision axle type workpiece clamping device.
Background
In order to facilitate the processing of the shaft workpieces, the shaft workpieces are usually positioned by adopting a center hole positioning and circumferential clamping mode, the center hole positioning is supported against rigid positioning through a tip, if the clamping is also rigid, the shaft workpieces are positioned too much, and the processing precision of the shaft workpieces is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision shaft workpiece clamping device which can self-adaptively adjust the concentricity of a shaft workpiece and realize high-precision flexible clamping of the shaft workpiece.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-precision shaft workpiece clamping device is characterized by comprising a clamping seat and a chuck, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the clamping seat and used for avoiding the shaft tips, a containing cavity is formed in the clamping seat, at least three sliding plug plates are slidably arranged in the containing cavity, the sliding plug plates are mutually independent, at least three sliding plug plates are arranged at intervals in a ring shape by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, the clamping seat is provided with a first air hole and at least three through holes which are communicated with the containing cavity, the through holes are formed in the same side of the clamping seat, the sliding plug plates are provided with adjusting blocks which penetrate through the through holes and extend out of the containing cavity, the chuck is fixed with the clamping seat and provided with chuck avoiding holes for avoiding the shaft tips, the chuck is provided with clamping jaws in a one-to-one correspondence with the number of the sliding plug plates, and after gas enters the containing cavity through the first air hole, the gas pushes the sliding plug plates to move, and the jaws are moved radially inwardly of the chuck.
When the device is used, a shaft workpiece is placed on the axial side of the tip and positioned among at least three clamping jaws, the end part of the workpiece is in contact with the tip, then air is supplied to the accommodating cavity, the air can push all the sliding plug plates to move, and the sliding plug plates are linked with the clamping jaws, so that the clamping jaws all move towards the shaft workpiece side to perform floating type aligning clamping on the shaft workpiece. The sliding structure between the chuck and the clamping jaws can adopt the connecting structure of any existing chuck device. The sliding plug plates correspond to the clamping jaws one to one, and the sliding plug plates are not mutually fixed and synchronously move, so that the clamping jaws can work independently, the concentricity of the shaft workpieces can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode, the shaft workpieces cannot be positioned too far to influence the machining precision, and the clamping precision of the shaft workpieces can be improved. The clamping jaws do not need to be manually operated by manpower, automation is convenient to realize, and production efficiency can be improved.
Preferably, the sliding plug plate is provided with a guide post, the guide post is always matched in the through hole, and the adjusting block is positioned at one end, far away from the sliding plug plate, of the guide post. The guide post is arranged to prevent the adjusting block and the sliding plug plate from inclining during moving, so that the normal use of the device is ensured.
Preferably, the accommodating cavity comprises at least three accommodating cavity monomers which are annularly arranged at intervals by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, a sliding plug plate is arranged in each accommodating cavity monomer, and the accommodating cavity monomers are communicated with each other. The sliding plug plate and the accommodating cavity monomer need to be sealed. Each sliding plug plate is matched with one containing cavity monomer, so that the sliding plug plates are convenient to position, guide and seal.
Preferably, the sliding plug plate is provided with a return spring. The reset spring is used for resetting the match guard plate and also used for resetting the clamping jaws.
Preferably, a movable seat is fixed outside the clamping seat, the movable seat and the clamping seat can rotate by taking the axis of the through hole as a center, the movable seat is rotatably supported and fixed in the fixed seat, an air conveying channel which surrounds a circle of the fixed seat and is opened towards the inner side in the circumferential direction is arranged on the inner wall of the fixed seat, a second air hole is formed in the part, corresponding to the inner side of the air conveying channel, of the movable seat, the air path is communicated between the first air hole and the second air hole, and an air inlet hole communicated with the air conveying channel is further formed in the fixed seat. The clamping seat is sleeved with the movable seat, air is not directly supplied into the clamping seat, but is supplied into the clamping seat after passing through the movable seat, the arrangement of the first air hole can be facilitated, the first air hole can be arranged at the end face of the movable seat, and the annular air transmission channel is arranged and communicated with the second air hole no matter how the movable seat rotates.
Preferably, one end of the movable seat is sleeved and fixed outside the clamping seat, the other end of the movable seat extends to the side far away from the chuck and is coaxially linked and fixed with the linkage wheel, the tip is fixed on the fixed block, and the linkage wheel is connected with the fixed block through a bearing. The two ends of the movable seat are rotatably supported, so that the stability of the clamping seat during rotation can be ensured. Wherein, the linkage wheel and the driving mechanism can adopt various modes for linkage.
Preferably, the movable seat is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and the part of the fixed seat with the gas transmission channel is limited between the first limiting part and the second limiting part; the first limiting part and the second limiting part are both annular, the first limiting part is in threaded movable fit with the movable base, and the second limiting part is fixed with the movable base. The first limiting part and the second limiting part limit the movement of the fixed seat, so that the alignment and communication of the second air hole and the air transmission channel are ensured. The second limiting part and the movable seat may be integrated or fixed together by a fastener.
Preferably, the clamping seat is provided with a plurality of matching grooves which radially penetrate through the clamping seat, the matching grooves are uniformly distributed on the clamping seat by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, each matching groove is composed of a thick section and a thin section, a positioning block is matched in the thick section, the thick section penetrates through the outer wall of the clamping seat, an adjusting piece is matched in the thin section in a threaded manner, the thin section penetrates through the inner wall of the clamping seat and is communicated with the through hole, and the adjusting piece rotates to enable the positioning block to move towards the outer side of the clamping seat and abut against the movable seat. Wherein, can adopt multiple linkage cooperation structure between regulating part and the locating piece, the regulating part can directly offset with the locating piece, and the regulating part also can rotate with the locating piece and be connected. Through setting up the locating piece to the assembly of this device can guarantee the concentricity between clamping seat and sliding seat.
Preferably, the outer end of the positioning block forms a tip part, and a positioning hole or an annular positioning groove aligned with the tip part is formed in the circumferential inner wall of the movable seat. And a positioning structure which is matched with each other is arranged between the end part of the positioning block and the movable seat so as to further ensure the fixation between the movable seat and the clamping seat.
Preferably, the circumferential inner wall of the fixing seat is further provided with two annular grooves, the gas transmission channel is located between the two annular grooves, and a sealing ring is matched in the annular grooves. The sealing processing between the inner wall of the fixed seat and the outer wall of the movable seat is realized through the sealing ring in the annular groove, so that the gas leakage at the gas transmission channel is avoided.
The invention has the advantages of self-adaptive adjustment of the concentricity of the shaft workpiece and improvement of the clamping precision of the shaft workpiece.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ring portion of the fixing base according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding plug plate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the high-precision shaft workpiece clamping device comprises a clamping seat 1 and a chuck 2, wherein a through hole penetrating through the clamping seat 1 from left to right is formed in the middle of the clamping seat 1 to give way to a tip 4, an accommodating cavity is formed in the clamping seat 1 and consists of three accommodating cavity monomers 10, the accommodating cavity monomers 10 are communicated with each other, the three accommodating cavity monomers 10 are uniformly arranged in an annular manner by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, a sliding plug plate 3 is arranged in each accommodating cavity monomer 10, the three sliding plug plates 3 are mutually independent, and the three sliding plug plates 3 are uniformly arranged in an annular manner by taking the axis of the through hole as the center.
Clamping seat 1 has and holds first gas port 11 and the three through-hole of chamber intercommunication, and three through-hole all sets up on clamping seat 1 right side terminal surface, and 3 right side middle parts of sliding plug plate are equipped with the guide post 31 of extending right, and guide post 31 cooperates all the time in the through-hole, and the guide post 31 right-hand member is equipped with and stretches out to holding the regulating block 32 outside the chamber. Chuck 2 is fixed and has the chuck hole of stepping down to top 4 with holder 1, and slip on chuck 2 has jack catch 21, and jack catch 21 quantity and the quantity one-to-one of sliding plug board 3, and after gaseous entering held the intracavity through first gas pocket 11, gaseous promotion sliding plug board 3 removed to make jack catch 21 radially inwards remove along the chuck. The jaw 21 is provided with a linkage groove 22 with a leftward opening, the left section of the groove wall of the linkage groove 22 is provided with an inner and outer parallel inclined surface, the inner and outer side surfaces of the adjusting block 32 are also inclined surfaces, and the inclined surface of the linkage groove 22 and the inclined surface of the adjusting block 32 extend from left to right towards the inner side (the axis of the through hole). Wherein, the guide post 31 is sleeved with a return spring, and the return spring is a compression spring and is limited between the sliding plug plate 3 and the wall of the accommodating cavity.
The clamping seat 1 is externally fixed with a movable seat 5, the movable seat 5 and the clamping seat 1 can rotate by taking a through hole axis as a center, the movable seat 5 is rotatably supported and fixed in the fixed seat, the fixed seat is composed of a ring part 61 above and a bottom 62 below, the circumferential inner wall of the ring part 61 is provided with a gas transmission channel 611 surrounding a circumference of the fixed seat and opening towards the circumferential inner side, the part of the movable seat 5 corresponding to the inner side of the gas transmission channel 611 is provided with a second gas hole (not shown in the figure), the gas circuit between the first gas hole 11 and the second gas hole is communicated, and the ring part 61 of the fixed seat is further provided with a gas inlet hole 612 communicated with the gas transmission channel 611.
Wherein, an air valve 51 is fixed in the movable seat 5, and air supply hoses (not shown in the figure) are arranged between the air valve 51 and the first air hole 11 and the second air hole; the gas passes through the gas inlet 612, the second gas hole, the gas valve 51 and the first gas hole 11 in sequence and then enters the accommodating cavity single body 10. Wherein, the ring portion 61 circumference inner wall of fixing base still is equipped with two annular grooves 610, and gas transmission channel 611 is located between two annular grooves 610, and annular groove 610 fit in has the sealing washer. Wherein, the bottom 62 of fixing base is fixed on the platform of machine, and ring portion 61 and bottom 62 are two independent spare parts, and ring portion 61 is connected together fixedly through the fastener with bottom 62.
The right end of the movable seat 5 is sleeved and fixed outside the clamping seat 1, the left end of the movable seat 5 extends leftwards and is coaxially linked and fixed with the linkage wheel 7, the tip 4 is fixed on the fixed block 41, and the linkage wheel 7 is connected with the fixed block 41 through a bearing 42.
The movable base 5 is provided with a first stopper 52 and a second stopper 53, and the ring portion 61 is restricted between the first stopper 52 and the second stopper 53. The first limiting member 52 and the second limiting member 53 are both ring-shaped, the first limiting member 52 is in threaded movable fit with the movable base 5, and the second limiting member 53 is integrally disposed with the movable base 5.
The clamping seat 1 is provided with three matching grooves 12 which radially penetrate through the clamping seat, the three matching grooves 12 are uniformly distributed on the clamping seat 1 by taking the axis of a through hole as the center, each matching groove 12 is composed of a thick section and a thin section, a positioning block 13 is matched in the thick section, the thick section penetrates through the outer wall of the clamping seat 1, an adjusting piece 14 is matched in the thin section in a threaded mode, the thin section penetrates through the inner wall of the clamping seat 1 and is communicated with the through hole, and the adjusting piece 14 rotates to enable the positioning block 13 to move towards the outer side of the clamping seat 1 and abut against the movable seat 5. Wherein, the outer end of the positioning block 13 forms a tip part, and the circumferential inner wall of the movable seat 1 is provided with a positioning hole or an annular positioning groove aligned with the tip part. Wherein, a matching groove 12 is arranged between every two adjacent accommodating cavity single bodies 10.
When the device is used, the shaft workpiece is moved to be in contact with the tip, then air is delivered through the air delivery channel of the ring portion, air sequentially passes through the air inlet hole, the second air hole, the air valve and the first air hole and then enters the accommodating cavity monomer, the air can push the sliding plug plate to move, so that all clamping jaws are moved, the three air jaws can move towards the side of the through hole axis of the clamping seat, the clamping of the shaft workpiece is fixed, and the subsequent processing of the shaft workpiece is facilitated. After the shaft workpieces are machined, air supply is stopped, and the sliding plug plate and the clamping jaws are reset under the action of the reset spring so as to release the fixation of the shaft workpieces.
The invention has the advantages of self-adaptive adjustment of the concentricity of the shaft workpiece and realization of high-precision flexible clamping of the shaft workpiece. The clamping jaws do not need to be manually operated, so that the automation is convenient to realize, and the production efficiency can be improved.

Claims (10)

1. The high-precision shaft workpiece clamping device is characterized by comprising a clamping seat and a chuck, wherein a through hole is formed in the middle of the clamping seat and used for avoiding the shaft tips, a containing cavity is formed in the clamping seat, at least three sliding plug plates are slidably arranged in the containing cavity, the sliding plug plates are mutually independent, at least three sliding plug plates are arranged at intervals in a ring shape by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, the clamping seat is provided with a first air hole and at least three through holes which are communicated with the containing cavity, the through holes are formed in the same side of the clamping seat, the sliding plug plates are provided with adjusting blocks which penetrate through the through holes and extend out of the containing cavity, the chuck is fixed with the clamping seat and provided with chuck avoiding holes for avoiding the shaft tips, the chuck is provided with clamping jaws in a one-to-one correspondence with the number of the sliding plug plates, and after gas enters the containing cavity through the first air hole, the gas pushes the sliding plug plates to move, and the jaws are moved radially inwardly of the chuck.
2. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 1, wherein the sliding plug plate is provided with a guide post, the guide post is always fitted in the through hole, and the adjusting block is located at one end of the guide post away from the sliding plug plate.
3. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 1, wherein the accommodating cavities comprise at least three accommodating cavity units which are annularly spaced around the axis of the through hole, each accommodating cavity unit is provided with a sliding plug plate, and the accommodating cavity units are communicated with each other.
4. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces as recited in claim 1, wherein the sliding plug plate is matched with a return spring.
5. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 1, wherein a movable seat is fixed outside the clamping seat, the movable seat and the clamping seat can rotate around the axis of the through hole, the movable seat is rotatably supported and fixed in the fixed seat, the inner wall of the fixed seat is provided with an air delivery channel which surrounds a circle of the fixed seat and is open towards the inner side in the circumferential direction, a second air hole is formed in a portion of the movable seat corresponding to the inner side of the air delivery channel, the first air hole is communicated with the second air hole through an air passage, and the fixed seat is further provided with an air inlet hole communicated with the air delivery channel.
6. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 5, wherein one end of the movable seat is sleeved and fixed outside the clamping seat, the other end of the movable seat extends to the side away from the chuck and is coaxially linked and fixed with the linkage wheel, the tip is fixed on the fixed block, and the linkage wheel is connected with the fixed block through a bearing.
7. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 5, wherein the movable seat is provided with a first limiting member and a second limiting member, and the portion of the fixed seat having the gas transmission channel is limited between the first limiting member and the second limiting member; the first limiting part and the second limiting part are both annular, the first limiting part is in threaded movable fit with the movable base, and the second limiting part is fixed with the movable base.
8. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft-type workpieces according to claim 5, wherein the clamping seat is provided with a plurality of matching grooves radially penetrating through the clamping seat, the matching grooves are uniformly distributed on the clamping seat by taking the axis of the through hole as the center, each matching groove is composed of a thick section and a thin section, a positioning block is matched in the thick section, the thick section penetrates through the outer wall of the clamping seat, an adjusting piece is matched in the thin section in a threaded manner, the thin section penetrates through the inner wall of the clamping seat and is communicated with the through hole, and the adjusting piece rotates to enable the positioning block to move towards the outer side of the clamping seat and abut against the movable seat.
9. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces according to claim 8, wherein the outer end of the positioning block forms a tip portion, and the inner circumferential wall of the movable seat is provided with a positioning hole or an annular positioning groove aligned with the tip portion.
10. The high-precision clamping device for the shaft workpieces as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner circumferential wall of the fixing seat is further provided with two annular grooves, the gas transmission channel is located between the two annular grooves, and the annular grooves are internally provided with sealing rings.
CN202111270229.3A 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces Active CN113927344B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111270229.3A CN113927344B (en) 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111270229.3A CN113927344B (en) 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 High-precision clamping device for shaft workpieces

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CN113927344A true CN113927344A (en) 2022-01-14
CN113927344B CN113927344B (en) 2024-10-11

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115476273A (en) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-16 浙江京速机床附件有限公司 Pneumatic centre chuck

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4482162A (en) * 1982-02-10 1984-11-13 Koyo Machine Industries Company, Inc. Automatic chuck for workpieces
JP2003145326A (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-20 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Floating chuck structure
CN103111647A (en) * 2013-03-08 2013-05-22 清华大学 Center floating type chuck
CN208644114U (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-03-26 徐建 Floating pawl resultant force power chuck
CN210080756U (en) * 2019-05-07 2020-02-18 宁德师范学院 Centrifugal anchor clamps of axle type
CN216096460U (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-03-22 浙江万里扬智能制造有限公司 Floating chuck device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4482162A (en) * 1982-02-10 1984-11-13 Koyo Machine Industries Company, Inc. Automatic chuck for workpieces
JP2003145326A (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-20 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Floating chuck structure
CN103111647A (en) * 2013-03-08 2013-05-22 清华大学 Center floating type chuck
CN208644114U (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-03-26 徐建 Floating pawl resultant force power chuck
CN210080756U (en) * 2019-05-07 2020-02-18 宁德师范学院 Centrifugal anchor clamps of axle type
CN216096460U (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-03-22 浙江万里扬智能制造有限公司 Floating chuck device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115476273A (en) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-16 浙江京速机床附件有限公司 Pneumatic centre chuck

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