CN113927259B - Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device - Google Patents
Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113927259B CN113927259B CN202111332294.4A CN202111332294A CN113927259B CN 113927259 B CN113927259 B CN 113927259B CN 202111332294 A CN202111332294 A CN 202111332294A CN 113927259 B CN113927259 B CN 113927259B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a processing method of a front half-orthogonal gear device and a rear half-orthogonal gear device, which comprises the following steps: (1) machining a front gear blank; (2) machining a rear gear blank; (3) machining a combined tooth blank; and (4) processing the front half-orthogonal gear device and the rear half-orthogonal gear device. The invention solves the problem that only half of gears bear in the running process of gears caused by the phenomena of gear tooth surface dislocation, inner hole dislocation and the like in the prior art, ensures that the front half-orthogonal gear device and the rear half-orthogonal gear device cannot have unbalanced load during actual running, and further improves the service life of the gears.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gear machining method, in particular to a machining method of an orthogonal gear device.
Background
In the ship speed reducer, a power branch driving gear, namely a pump large gear, is usually arranged at the front end of the large gear and used for driving two small gears, and the two small gears respectively drive a hydraulic pump of a motor belt lubricating oil pump and a sea water pump system so as to ensure the normal operation of the whole gear box lubricating oil system. Because the pump gear wheel is mounted at the front end of the main transmission gear wheel, if the pump gear wheel fails, the whole gear wheel is usually required to be lifted out for replacement. Therefore, a front half-orthogonal gear device and a rear half-orthogonal gear device are often adopted in maintenance and replacement, and the device can replace a large gear for a pump under the condition of avoiding hanging out the large gear, so that the cost is reduced, and the working time is reduced.
The front half orthogonal gear device and the rear half orthogonal gear device are composed of four semicircular gear rings, the four semicircular gear rings are assembled and connected in a 90-degree orthogonal arrangement mode, and as the gear devices are of an orthogonal assembly structure and are thin in wall and easy to deform, the processing difficulty is high, the quality of products processed by the existing process is not ideal, and in the actual operation process, the phenomena of deformation of the gear devices, dislocation of tooth surfaces of the front gear and the rear gear, dislocation of an inner hole and the like often occur, so that only half gears bear in the gear operation process, and the service life of the gears is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method of a front half-orthogonal gear device and a rear half-orthogonal gear device, which ensure that no unbalanced load and other phenomena can occur during actual operation.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the invention relates to a processing method of a front half-orthogonal gear device and a rear half-orthogonal gear device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Processing front gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank;
b. the front gear blank of the turning rough machine is used, a turning rough machine processing method is adopted, and stress relief heat treatment is carried out after rough turning;
c. using a numerical control lathe to semifinishing the front gear and trimming sharp edges;
d. cutting the whole front gear into two halves by wire cutting and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are divided into two halves by a grinding machine, and the two halves are ground simultaneously during the flat grinding, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the tooth blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and using a front gear spigot of a vertical lathe precision car;
(2) Processing rear gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank;
b. the front gear blank of the turning rough machine is used, a turning rough machine processing method is adopted, and stress relief heat treatment is carried out after rough turning;
c. using a numerical control lathe to semifinishing the front gear and trimming sharp edges;
d. cutting the whole front gear into two halves by wire cutting and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are divided into two halves by a grinding machine, and the two halves are ground simultaneously during the flat grinding, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the tooth blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and using a front gear spigot of a vertical lathe precision car;
(3) Machining combined tooth blank
a. Assembling a front half gear blank and a rear half gear blank by using a process bolt and fixing the front half gear blank and the rear half gear blank on a tool;
b. semi-finish turning the combined tooth blank by using a numerical control lathe;
c. machining a hinged bolt hole by using a vertical machining center, and simultaneously, grinding the hinged bolt hole in a matched mode;
d. disassembling the combined front and rear gear blanks, standing for two days, and then assembling;
(4) Front and rear half orthogonal gear device for processing
a. Hobbing the combined tooth blank by a hobbing machine;
b. disassembling front and rear gears after hobbing, and assembling after two days of standing;
c. finely turning a reference inner hole by using a numerical control vertical lathe;
d. finely grinding the combined tooth blank by a tooth grinder;
e. combining and dynamically balancing the formed gear device;
f. and finally, warehousing after inspection.
The invention may further include:
1. in the step (1), turning over the gear blank on the front part of the turning-over rough lathe to finish the turning over of the other surface of the gear blank every 2mm, performing stress relief heat treatment after all rough turning over, wherein the temperature is 470+/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation is performed for 5 hours; after the flat grinding, the two surfaces are combined together, red lead powder is coated at the joint of the middle divided surfaces, and the combined area is not less than 80 percent; the center plane gap of the front gear is within 0.04mm, and the inner circle of the spigot is finely turned by a numerical control lathe after the gear blank is fixed on a tool.
2. And (2) processing the rear gear blank, wherein the processing of the rear gear blank is the same as that of the step (1).
3. In the step (3), a combined tooth blank is semi-finely turned by a numerical control lathe, wherein the combined tooth blank comprises an outer circle, a front gear side surface, a rear gear side surface and an inner circle, bolt holes are formed in a vertical machining center in a matched mode, bolts close to a center parting surface are tightly matched during matched hinging, bolts at other positions are tapped by using a wooden hammer, and center parting surface gaps between the front gear and the rear gear are within 0.04 mm.
4. In the step (4), the center-to-side gap between the front gear and the rear gear is within 0.04mm, the dynamic balance precision grade of the gear combination is G2.5, and magnetic powder inspection, gear precision detection, dimension detection and form and position tolerance detection are carried out before warehousing.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention solves the problem that only half of gears bear in the running process of gears caused by the phenomena of gear tooth surface dislocation, inner hole dislocation and the like in the prior art, ensures that the front half-orthogonal gear device and the rear half-orthogonal gear device cannot have unbalanced load during actual running, and further improves the service life of the gears.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a machined front gear;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a machined rear gear;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a machined composite tooth blank;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a half-orthogonal gear device before and after machining.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-5, the invention mainly comprises front gear blank processing, rear gear blank processing, combined gear blank processing and front and rear half orthogonal gear device processing, and final inspection and warehousing are completed after all the processing is completed. The specific steps of this embodiment are as follows:
1) Processing front gear blank (see FIG. 2)
A. Blanking, namely processing and manufacturing a blank by adopting a forging method, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, and performing rough turning tempering treatment after the forging is inspected to be qualified;
B. after the forging is returned to the factory, turning over the gear blank on the front part of the turning-over rough turning method is adopted during rough turning, the gear blank is turned over to process the other surface every 2mm, after all rough turning is finished, stress relief heat treatment is carried out, and the temperature is 470+/-20 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 5 hours;
C. using a numerical control lathe to perform outer circle (a), end surface (b), end surface (c), spigot inner circle (d) and inner circle (f) on the front gear of the semi-finishing machine;
D. cutting the whole front gear blank into two halves along a line of a bisecting plane (e), carrying out stress relief heat treatment at 470+/-20 ℃, and preserving heat for 5 hours;
E. grinding the upper half and the lower half of the front gear blank by a grinding machine in a flat grinding way, wherein the two halves are ground at the same time, soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, the two halves are combined in a flat grinding way, red lead powder is coated at the joint of the middle half (e), and the combination area is required to be ensured to be more than 80%;
F. fixing the front gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the gap between the middle parting surface (e) of the front gear to be within 0.04mm, fixing the gear blank on the tool, and finely turning the inner circle (d) of the spigot by using a numerical control lathe;
2) Processing rear gear blank (see FIG. 3)
A. Blanking, namely processing and manufacturing a blank by adopting a forging method, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, and performing rough turning tempering treatment after the forging is inspected to be qualified;
B. after the forging is returned to the factory, turning an outer circle (a 1), an end face (b 2), an end face (c 2), a spigot outer circle (d 2) and an inner circle (f 2) of a rear gear blank by a turning machine, turning over the gear blank to process the other surface when the forging is roughly turned over and processed every 2mm, carrying out stress-relief heat treatment after all rough turning is finished, and preserving the temperature for 5 hours at 470+/-20 ℃;
C. semi-finish turning an outer circle (a 1), an end face (b 1), an end face (c 1), a spigot outer circle (d 1) and an inner circle (f 1) of a rear gear blank by a numerical control lathe;
D. cutting the whole rear gear blank into two halves along the line of a bisection surface (e 1), carrying out stress relief heat treatment at 470+/-20 ℃, and preserving heat for 5 hours;
E. grinding upper and lower half split surfaces (e 1) of a rear gear blank by a grinding machine, grinding at the same time, and filling soft rubber at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, combining the two surfaces in a plane after the grinding, and coating red lead powder at the joint of the split surfaces (e 1), wherein the combination area is required to be ensured to be more than 80%;
F. fixing the rear gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the gap between the middle parting surface (e 1) of the rear gear to be within 0.04mm, fixing the gear blank on the tool, and finely turning the excircle (d 1) of the spigot by using a numerical control lathe;
3) Processing combined tooth blank (see figure 4)
A. Assembling a front half gear blank and a rear half gear blank by using a process bolt and fixing the front half gear blank and the rear half gear blank on a tool;
B. semi-finish turning the outer circle (a 2), the front gear side surface (c 2), the rear gear side surface (b 2) and the inner circle (f 2) of the combined gear blank by a numerical control lathe;
C. the bolt hole (d 2) is hinged by the vertical machining center, the bolts close to the middle parting surface (e 2) are required to be tightly matched during the hinging, and the bolts at the other positions are tapped by a wooden hammer;
D. disassembling the combined front and rear gear blanks, standing for two days, and then assembling, wherein the clearance between the middle split surfaces (e 2) of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
4) Front and rear half orthogonal gear device (see figure 5)
A. Hobbing (a 3) the combined tooth blank by using a hobbing machine;
B. disassembling the front and rear gears after processing, standing for two days, and then assembling, wherein the clearance between the middle split surfaces (c 3) of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
C. finely turning a reference inner hole (b 3) by using a numerical control lathe;
D. finely grinding the teeth (a 3) by a gear grinding machine;
E. the gears are subjected to combined dynamic balance, and the dynamic balance precision grade is G2.5;
and performing magnetic particle inspection, gear precision detection, related size detection, form and position tolerance detection, and finally checking and warehousing.
Claims (1)
1. A processing method of a front half-orthorhombic gear device and a rear half-orthorhombic gear device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Processing front gear blank
A. Blanking, namely processing and manufacturing a blank by adopting a forging method, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, and performing rough turning tempering treatment after the forging is inspected to be qualified;
B. after the forging is returned to the factory, turning over the gear blank on the front part of the turning-over rough turning over method by using the outer circle a, the end face b, the end face c, the spigot inner circle d and the inner circle f of the gear blank on the front part of the turning-over rough turning over machine, turning over the gear blank to process the other surface of the gear blank every 2mm, carrying out stress-relief heat treatment after all rough turning over, and preserving the heat for 5 hours at 470+/-20 ℃;
C. using a numerical control lathe to perform outer circle a, end surface b, end surface c, spigot inner circle d and inner circle f on a front gear of the semi-finishing machine;
D. cutting the whole front gear blank into two halves along the line of a bisection plane e, carrying out stress relief heat treatment at 470+/-20 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
E. grinding the upper half and the lower half of the front gear blank by a grinding machine, wherein the upper half and the lower half of the front gear blank are divided into a pair during flat grinding, grinding is performed simultaneously, soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, the two sides are combined in a surface alignment manner after flat grinding, red lead powder is coated at the joint of the divided surfaces e, and the joint area is required to be ensured to be more than 80%;
F. fixing the front gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the clearance of a split surface e of the front gear to be within 0.04mm, fixing a gear blank on the tool, and finely turning an inner circle d of a spigot by using a numerical control lathe;
2) Processing rear gear blank
A. Blanking, namely processing and manufacturing a blank by adopting a forging method, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, and performing rough turning tempering treatment after the forging is inspected to be qualified;
B. after the forging is returned to the factory, turning over the gear blank outer circle a1, the end face b2, the end face c2, the spigot outer circle d2 and the inner circle f2 at the rear part by a turning over rough turning method, turning over the gear blank to process the other surface when processing 2mm, performing stress-relief heat treatment after all rough turning over, and preserving the temperature at 470+/-20 ℃ for 5 hours;
C. semi-finish turning the outer circle a1, the end face b1, the end face c1, the spigot outer circle d1 and the inner circle f1 of the rear gear blank by a numerical control lathe;
D. cutting the whole rear gear blank into two halves along the line of a bisection plane e1, carrying out stress relief heat treatment at 470+/-20 ℃ and preserving heat for 5 hours;
E. grinding upper and lower half split surfaces e1 of a rear gear blank by a grinding machine, grinding at the same time, and filling soft rubber at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, combining the two surfaces after flat grinding, and coating red lead powder at the joint of the split surfaces e1, wherein the combination area is required to be ensured to be more than 80%;
F. fixing the rear gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the clearance between the middle parting surface e1 of the rear gear to be within 0.04mm, fixing the gear blank on the tool, and finely turning the excircle d1 of the spigot by using a numerical control lathe;
3) Machining combined tooth blank
A. Assembling a front half gear blank and a rear half gear blank by using a process bolt and fixing the front half gear blank and the rear half gear blank on a tool;
B. semi-finish turning the outer circle a2, the front gear side surface c2, the rear gear side surface b2 and the inner circle f2 of the combined gear blank by a numerical control lathe;
C. the bolt hole d2 is hinged by the vertical machining center, the bolt close to the middle parting plane e2 is required to be tightly matched during the hinging, and the bolts at other positions are tapped by a wooden hammer;
D. disassembling the combined front and rear gear blanks, standing for two days, and then assembling, wherein the clearance between the split surfaces e2 of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
4) Front and rear half orthogonal gear device for processing
A. Hobbing the combined tooth blank by a hobbing machine a3;
B. disassembling the front and rear gears after processing, standing for two days, and then assembling, wherein the clearance between the split surfaces c3 of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
C. finely turning a reference inner hole b3 by using a numerical control lathe;
D. fine grinding the teeth a3 by a tooth grinder;
E. the gears are subjected to combined dynamic balance, and the dynamic balance precision grade is G2.5; and performing magnetic particle inspection, gear precision detection, related size detection, form and position tolerance detection, and finally checking and warehousing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111332294.4A CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111332294.4A CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113927259A CN113927259A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113927259B true CN113927259B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN202111332294.4A Active CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554879A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Front and rear tao half orthogonal gear device |
| CN201314367Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | Pintongs combined gear for boat |
| CN101862945A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Method for processing large combination type herringbone gear |
| CN203067728U (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2013-07-17 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Automobile gear with free removal type matrix |
| CN104565287A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-29 | 上海东冠纸业有限公司 | Structure-improved handkerchief paper machine swing gear |
| CN110961876A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Machining method of two half type gear rings |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090019697A1 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2009-01-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method for low lot gear manufacturing |
-
2021
- 2021-11-11 CN CN202111332294.4A patent/CN113927259B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554879A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Front and rear tao half orthogonal gear device |
| CN201314367Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | Pintongs combined gear for boat |
| CN101862945A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Method for processing large combination type herringbone gear |
| CN203067728U (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2013-07-17 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Automobile gear with free removal type matrix |
| CN104565287A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-29 | 上海东冠纸业有限公司 | Structure-improved handkerchief paper machine swing gear |
| CN110961876A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Machining method of two half type gear rings |
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| CN113927259A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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