CN113926933A - Preparation method of ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube - Google Patents
Preparation method of ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN113926933A CN113926933A CN202111211455.4A CN202111211455A CN113926933A CN 113926933 A CN113926933 A CN 113926933A CN 202111211455 A CN202111211455 A CN 202111211455A CN 113926933 A CN113926933 A CN 113926933A
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- cold expansion
- cold
- tube blank
- expansion die
- aluminum square
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/08—Tube expanders
- B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube, which comprises the following steps: (1) producing a tube blank: obtaining a tube blank by adopting an extrusion mode; (2) cold expansion: passing the cold expansion die through the inner cavity of the tube blank along a straight line direction to expand the tube blank to a set size and form and position tolerance to obtain an aluminum square tube; the cold expansion die is made of hard alloy steel; the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die are higher than the set standard of the aluminum square tube. The preparation method can effectively improve the material utilization rate, can also effectively improve the production efficiency and finally achieves the purpose of greatly reducing the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube.
Background
At present, most of housings of lithium batteries for new energy vehicles adopt aluminum square tubes as the housings, for example, the aluminum square tubes with the cross-sectional dimension of 100mm x 50mm x 0.5mm can be adopted as the housings of the lithium batteries, but because the aluminum square tubes have thinner wall thickness and require high precision, the aluminum square tubes cannot be produced by adopting a conventional extrusion mode, and even if the production is successful, the tolerance range and the form and position tolerance of the aluminum square tubes are difficult to meet the requirements.
Therefore, the square aluminum shell of the current lithium battery is still prepared by adopting a traditional method, and the method comprises the following specific steps: hot extrusion → cold drawing → head and tail removal → re-cold drawing → re-head and tail removal → re-cold drawing. However, the method has many disadvantages, mainly including:
1. the processing process is long, the procedures are multiple, and the processing cost is extremely high.
2. The square tube can not be pulled by a coil drawing process, but can only be pulled by a straight drawing mode, and the longest length of the straight drawing mode can only reach 10 meters, so that the head and the tail of the square tube are sawed before cold drawing each time, and the square tube needs to be divided into two square tubes for cold drawing again due to the lengthened length after cold drawing, so that the utilization rate of materials is extremely low, the yield can only reach 40-50% at most generally, and the cost of the aluminum square tube for the lithium battery is high.
3. The aluminum pipe can generate a cold hardening phenomenon after being cold drawn, and if the aluminum pipe can not reach the verticality, the planeness and the parallelism of 0.1mm, the aluminum pipe can only be discarded, and in addition, because the wall thickness of the square pipe is extremely thin, the indexes can not be improved by adopting a shaping mode, the aluminum square pipe for the lithium battery is produced by adopting the cold drawing mode, and great uncertainty is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube, which comprises the following steps:
(1) producing a tube blank: obtaining a tube blank by adopting an extrusion mode;
(2) cold expansion: passing the cold expansion die through the inner cavity of the tube blank along a straight line direction to expand the tube blank to a set size and form and position tolerance to obtain an aluminum square tube; the cold expansion die is made of hard alloy steel;
the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die are higher than the set standard of the aluminum square tube.
In this application, set up special cold expanding die, carry out the cold expansion to the pipe that adopts the extrusion mode to make, when cold expanding, utilize the plasticity of pipe can once only obtain the aluminium square pipe that dimensional tolerance and geometric tolerances all accord with the settlement standard. During cold expansion, the outer part of the tube blank is in a free state and can be freely extended, and during the cold expansion, the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the tube blank can be corrected, the tube blank can be expanded, and the wall thickness of the tube blank can be adjusted. By the method, the pipe blank can be obtained by utilizing the mature aluminum pipe extrusion technology in the prior art, and the aluminum square pipe can be obtained by utilizing a cold expansion method. The preparation method can effectively improve the material utilization rate, can also effectively improve the production efficiency and finally achieves the purpose of greatly reducing the cost.
By the aid of the method, the positive value and the negative value of the dimensional tolerance of the aluminum square pipe are both smaller than 0.1mm, and the form and position tolerance is smaller than 0.1 mm.
Further, in the cold expansion process, the temperature of the tube blank and the cold expansion die is normal temperature. At normal temperature, the cold expansion of the tube blank can be finished, the temperature adjustment of the tube blank and a cold expansion die is omitted, and the corresponding temperature adjustment cost can be saved. Normal temperature in the present application means a temperature of 10 to 35 ℃.
Further, the moving speed of the cold expansion die is 5-200 mm/s. The specific moving speed can be selected according to different specifications or materials of the tube blank.
Under above-mentioned moving speed, when guaranteeing the cold expanding efficiency, can avoid cold expanding in-process effectively, the pipe produces to contract owing to not accomplishing plastic deformation and contracts, and at cold expanding in-process, the pipe has plastic deformation and elastic deformation simultaneously, and moving speed is too fast, and partial elastic deformation does not turn into plastic deformation completely, makes the pipe produce to contract, influences the dimensional stability of aluminium side pipe.
Further, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the aluminum square tube becomes brittle due to overlarge cold expansion amplitude and the quality is affected, after cold expansion, a first side edge A of the section of the inner cavity of the tube blank is formed into a first side edge B of the section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube, and a second side edge A of the section of the inner cavity of the tube blank is formed into a second side edge B of the section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube;
the first side A is 0.2-5% smaller than the first side B; the second side A is 0.2-5% smaller than the second side B. The specific proportion can be selected according to different specifications and materials of the tube blank. The above ratio is also the expansion ratio of the first side a and the second side a of the tube blank in practice. It is preferable that the expansion ratio of the first side a and the second side a is the same in order to set the moving speed of the cold expansion die.
In the cold expansion process, the straightness, flatness and parallelism of the inner wall of the tube blank are mainly corrected, and the expansion ratio from the tube blank to the aluminum square tube is controlled within the range, so that the wall thickness change in the cold expansion process is small, the wall thickness change is still kept within a set tolerance range, and the aluminum square tube meets the requirements of set indexes.
Further, in order to ensure that the aluminum square pipe reaches the set standard, the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die are both higher than the set standard of the aluminum square pipe, wherein the dimensional tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die is 35-50% of the set dimensional tolerance of the aluminum square pipe, and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die is 35-50% of the set form and position tolerance of the aluminum square pipe.
Furthermore, the cold expansion die extends along a central shaft direction, and the section of the cold expansion die, which is vertical to the central shaft direction, is rectangular; along the direction of the central shaft, the middle part of the cold expansion die is provided with a working band, the length of the working band is 2-10 mm, one side of the working band is provided with a guide section, the length of the guide section is 4-10 mm, and the other side of the working band is provided with an outlet section; the guide section and the outlet section are both in a conical shape with the small ends extending away from the working belt, wherein the included angle between the side surface of the guide section and the central shaft is 5-15 degrees, and the included angle between the side surface of the outlet section and the central shaft is 30-45 degrees; when the cold expansion die works, the guide section firstly enters the tube blank, then the working belt and finally the outlet section; the outer peripheral surface of the working belt is formed as a working surface of the cold expansion die.
The guide section can enable the cold expansion die to smoothly extend into the inner cavity of the tube blank, and also plays a role in pre-expanding the tube blank, so that the phenomenon that the stress concentration is caused by the over-high expansion speed of the tube blank is avoided. The outlet section is arranged to facilitate the processing of the cold expansion die, so that the tail of the cold expansion die is prevented from being scratched by an acute angle.
Specifically, in order to facilitate cold expansion of the tube blank, a cold expansion machine is adopted to perform cold expansion on the tube blank; the cold expansion machine comprises a bracket, wherein a servo motor and a positioning piece are respectively and fixedly arranged at two opposite ends of the bracket, one end of a screw rod is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor, the other end of the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the positioning piece, a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the bracket and is positioned between the servo motor and the positioning piece, a carriage is movably arranged on the guide rail, an internal thread piece is rotatably meshed on the screw rod, and the carriage is fixedly arranged on the internal thread piece; a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the carriage, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends out towards the direction of the positioning piece, and the cold expansion die is detachably arranged on the piston rod.
When cold expanding, at first according to the length of pipe, the position of adjustment pneumatic cylinder, then place the pipe between cold expanding die and setting element, and make the pipe support and lean on the setting element, then start the pneumatic cylinder, make the piston rod extension, insert the cold expanding die in the inner chamber of pipe, cold expanding the pipe, support to the setting element until cold expanding die, with the anchor clamps centre gripping in one of pipe deviation setting element, the pulling pipe, make the inner chamber that cold expanding die wore out the pipe, make the pipe expand to size and the form and position tolerance of settlement, the pipe forms aluminium square pipe primary product, then demolish cold expanding die from the piston rod, take off aluminium square pipe primary product from the piston rod again, tailor and detect the both ends of aluminium square pipe primary product, become aluminium square pipe after qualified. The cold expanding machine can be used for cold expanding tube blanks with different lengths, and the moving speed of the cold expanding die can be uniformly seen, so that the quality of the aluminum square tube is ensured.
Further, for the convenience of operation, a supporting plate is installed on the positioning piece, the supporting plate extends towards the direction of the servo motor, and an elastic cushion is laid on the supporting plate and used for placing the tube blank. Preferably, the elastic pad is a sponge pad. Utilize the cushion, can make the cold inflation of pipe go on smoothly, at the cold inflation in-process, the pipe meeting expands in four directions about upper and lower simultaneously, when directly placing the pipe in the backup pad, because the both ends of pipe are fixed, at the cold inflation in-process, the pipe can be along with expanding going on, whole rebound, lead to the pipe to take place crooked phenomenon, utilize the cushion, make and have a flexible space between pipe and the backup pad, at the cold inflation in-process, the downside of the pipe wall of pipe can extrude the cushion, avoid the pipe wholly to move upwards, because the elasticity of cushion is less, especially when adopting the foam-rubber cushion as the cushion, can avoid the cold inflation in-process effectively, the pipe produces complete phenomenon, the straightness of aluminium square pipe has been guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the cold expansion die.
Fig. 2 is a view from a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view from direction B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a view in the direction C of fig. 1.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of the pilot section of the cold expansion die extending into the tube blank.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cold expansion machine.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a tube blank after expansion into an aluminum square tube.
Detailed Description
The cold expansion die 10 will be explained first.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the cold expansion die 10 extends along a central axis 80, and a cross section of the cold expansion die 10 perpendicular to the central axis 80 is rectangular; along the direction of the central shaft 80, the middle part of the cold expansion die is provided with a working band 11, one side of the working band 11 is provided with a guide section 12, the other side of the working band 11 is provided with an outlet section 13, the guide section 12 and the outlet section 13 are both in a conical shape with the small ends extending in the direction departing from the working band, and during cold expansion, referring to fig. 5, the guide section 12 is firstly inserted into the tube blank 40, then the working band, and finally the outlet section; the outer peripheral surface of the working tape is formed as a working surface of a cold expansion die for cold expanding the tube blank 40.
In this embodiment, the length T of the working tape 11 is 7 mm and the length S of the guide section is 4.5 mm in the central axis direction. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the length T of the working tape 11 may also be 2mm, 5mm, 8 mm or 10mm, or other dimensions between 2-10 mm. The length of the guide section may also be 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm or 10mm, or other dimensions between 4-10 mm.
In the four sides of the cross-section of the perpendicular to center axis 80 direction of the working tape 11, including two relative first sides 113 and two relative second sides 114 that set up, first side and second side adjacent setting promptly adopt the arc angle 112 transition between adjacent first side 113 and the second side 114, the radius R of this arc angle 112 is the same with the angle of the arc angle of the inner wall of aluminium square pipe.
The guiding section 12 and the outlet section 13 also have a circular arc transition between two adjacent sides.
The angle α between the first side 121 of the guide section 12 and the central axis is 6 °, it being understood that in other embodiments the angle α may also be 5 °, 8 °, 10 °, 12 ° or 15 °, although other angles between 5 ° and 15 ° are also possible.
The angle beta between the second side 131 of the outlet section 13 and the central axis is 45 deg., it being understood that in other embodiments the angle beta may also be 30 deg., 35 deg., 38 deg. or 42 deg., although other angles between 30-45 deg. are possible.
In this embodiment, the cold expansion die is made of hard alloy steel. The dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface 111 of the cold expansion die 10 are higher than the set standard of the aluminum square pipe, wherein the dimensional tolerance of the working surface 111 of the cold expansion die 10 is plus or minus 0.05mm, the form and position tolerance is 0.05mm, the set dimensional tolerance of the aluminum square pipe is plus or minus 0.1 to minus 0.2mm, and the form and position tolerance is 0.15 mm. The positive and negative values of the actual size tolerance of the aluminum square pipe are smaller than 0.1mm, and the form and position tolerance of the aluminum square pipe is smaller than 0.1 mm.
The cooling and expansion machine will be described below.
Referring to fig. 6, the cold-expansion machine includes a bracket 31, a servo motor 32 and a positioning member 36 are respectively and fixedly mounted at two opposite ends of the bracket 31, one end of a screw 33 is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the servo motor 32, and the other end of the screw 33 is rotatably mounted on the positioning member 36 by a bearing.
A guide rail 34 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 31, the guide rail 34 is positioned between the servo motor 32 and the positioning piece 36, a carriage 35 is movably arranged on the guide rail 34, an internal thread piece 39 is rotatably engaged on the screw rod 33, the carriage 35 is fixedly arranged on the internal thread piece 39, and when the screw rod 33 is driven by the servo motor 31 to rotate, the internal thread piece 39 can move along the screw rod 33 and the carriage 35 can slide along the guide rail 34.
A hydraulic cylinder 20 is fixedly mounted on the carriage 35, a piston rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 20 extends towards the positioning member 36, and the cold expansion die 10 is detachably mounted on the piston rod 21.
A support plate 38 is mounted on the positioning member 36, the support plate 38 extends toward the servo motor, and an elastic pad 37 is laid on the support plate 38, and the elastic pad 37 is used for placing the pipe blank. In this embodiment, the elastic pad 37 is a sponge pad.
The preparation method of the ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube is described as follows, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) production of the tube blank 40: obtaining a tube blank 40 by adopting an extrusion mode;
(2) cold expansion: freely placing the tube blank 40 on the elastic cushion 37, extending the length of the tube blank 40 along the length direction of the screw rod, enabling one end of the tube blank 40 to abut against a positioning piece, retracting the piston rod 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 20, then starting the servo motor 32 to enable the cold expansion die to be close to the tube blank 40, stopping the servo motor when the cold expansion die is 3-5mm away from the tube blank, then starting the hydraulic cylinder 20 to enable the piston rod 21 to extend, enabling the guide section 12 of the cold expansion die 10 to firstly enter the inner cavity of the tube blank 40, then pushing the cold expansion die to move along the inner cavity of the tube blank 40 at the speed of 100mm/s until the cold expansion die abuts against the positioning piece, clamping the clamp on one end of the tube blank 40, deviating from the positioning piece, pulling the tube blank to enable the cold die to penetrate out of the inner cavity of the tube blank 40, enabling the tube blank to expand to the set size and the form and position tolerance, enabling the tube blank 40 to be an aluminum square tube blank, and then removing the cold expansion die from the piston rod, and taking down the primary aluminum square pipe from the piston rod, cutting and detecting two ends of the primary aluminum square pipe, and obtaining the qualified aluminum square pipe 50. During cold expansion, the temperature of the tube blank and the temperature of the cold expansion die are both controlled to be 10-35 ℃.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments the rate of movement of the chill may be 5mm/s, 10mm/s, 20mm/s, 50mm/s, 150mm/s or 200mm/s, although other rates of movement between 5 and 200mm/s are possible.
In the cold expansion process, the piston rod extends along a linear direction, so that the cold expansion die can synchronously pass through the inner cavity of the tube blank along the linear direction. In the cold expansion process, the temperature of the tube blank and the cold expansion die is normal temperature.
Referring to fig. 7, after cold bulging, a first side a41 of the cross section of the inner cavity of the tube blank 40 is formed as a first side B51 of the cross section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube 50, and a second side a42 of the cross section of the inner cavity of the tube blank 40 is formed as a second side B52 of the cross section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube 50.
In this embodiment, the length L1 of the first side a is 4% smaller than the length L2 of the first side B51, and the length W1 of the second side a is 4% smaller than the length W2 of the second side B52, i.e. the expansion ratio of the first side a and the second side a is the same. It is understood that in other embodiments, the length L1 of the first side a may also be 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, or 5% less than the length L2 of the first side B51; the ratio of the length W1 of the second side a to the length W2 of the second side B52 is also 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% or 5%, although other ratios between 0.2% and 5% are also possible.
In this embodiment, the expansion ratio of the first side a and the second side a is the same, and it is understood that in other embodiments, the expansion ratio of the first side a and the second side a may also be different, for example, the length L1 of the first side a is 3% smaller than the length L2 of the first side B51, and the length W1 of the second side a is 1% smaller than the length W2 of the second side B52.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the ultra-high-precision ultra-thin-wall aluminum square tube is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) producing a tube blank: obtaining a tube blank by adopting an extrusion mode;
(2) cold expansion: passing the cold expansion die through the inner cavity of the tube blank along a straight line direction to expand the tube blank to a set size and form and position tolerance to obtain an aluminum square tube; the cold expansion die is made of hard alloy steel;
the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die are higher than the set standard of the aluminum square tube.
2. The production method according to claim 1,
in the cold expansion process, the temperature of the tube blank and the cold expansion die is normal temperature.
3. The production method according to claim 1,
the moving speed of the cold expansion die is 5-200 mm/s.
4. The production method according to claim 1,
after cold expansion, a first side edge A of the section of the inner cavity of the tube blank is formed into a first side edge B of the section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube, and a second side edge A of the section of the inner cavity of the tube blank is formed into a second side edge B of the section of the inner cavity of the aluminum square tube;
the first side A is 0.2-5% smaller than the first side B; the second side A is 0.2-5% smaller than the second side B.
5. The production method according to claim 1,
the size tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die are higher than the set standard of the aluminum square pipe, wherein the size tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die is 35-50% of the set size tolerance of the aluminum square pipe, and the form and position tolerance of the working surface of the cold expansion die is 35-50% of the set form and position tolerance of the aluminum square pipe.
6. The production method according to claim 1,
the cold expansion die extends along a central shaft direction, and the section of the cold expansion die, which is vertical to the central shaft direction, is rectangular; along the direction of the central shaft, the middle part of the cold expansion die is provided with a working band, the length of the working band is 2-10 mm, one side of the working band is provided with a guide section, the length of the guide section is 4-10 mm, and the other side of the working band is provided with an outlet section; the guide section and the outlet section are both in a conical shape with the small ends extending away from the working belt, wherein the included angle between the side surface of the guide section and the central shaft is 5-15 degrees, and the included angle between the side surface of the outlet section and the central shaft is 30-45 degrees; when the cold expansion die works, the guide section firstly enters the tube blank, then the working belt and finally the outlet section; the outer peripheral surface of the working belt is formed as a working surface of the cold expansion die.
7. The production method according to claim 1,
performing cold expansion on the pipe blank by using a cold expansion machine;
the cold expansion machine comprises a bracket, wherein a servo motor and a positioning piece are respectively and fixedly arranged at two opposite ends of the bracket, one end of a screw rod is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor, the other end of the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the positioning piece, a guide rail is fixedly arranged on the bracket and is positioned between the servo motor and the positioning piece, a carriage is movably arranged on the guide rail, an internal thread piece is rotatably meshed on the screw rod, and the carriage is fixedly arranged on the internal thread piece;
a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the carriage, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends out towards the direction of the positioning piece, and the cold expansion die is detachably arranged on the piston rod.
8. The production method according to claim 7,
a supporting plate is arranged on the positioning piece, the supporting plate extends towards the direction of the servo motor, and an elastic cushion is laid on the supporting plate and used for placing the tube blank.
9. The method according to claim 8,
the elastic cushion is a spongy cushion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111211455.4A CN113926933B (en) | 2021-10-18 | Preparation method of ultra-high precision and ultra-thin wall aluminum square tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111211455.4A CN113926933B (en) | 2021-10-18 | Preparation method of ultra-high precision and ultra-thin wall aluminum square tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113926933A true CN113926933A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113926933B CN113926933B (en) | 2024-06-28 |
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