CN113921970A - 电池模块 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种电池模块(1),具有:由多个电池单元(2)形成的电池单元堆(3);布置在相应地相邻的电池单元(2)之间的可变形的泡沫板(4),该泡沫板用于对这些电池单元(2)充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的变形进行补偿;以及用于冷却这些电池单元(2)的冷却介质。根据本发明提出的是:该冷却介质是与这些电池单元(2)直接接触的冷却液(5),在相应的电池单元(2)与朝向该电池单元的泡沫板(4)之间布置有冷却结构(6),该冷却结构用于将该冷却液(5)引导至该电池单元(2)并沿着该电池单元引导,该泡沫板(4)与该冷却结构(6)接触并该冷却结构(6)与该电池单元(2)接触。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电池模块,该电池模块具有:由多个电池单元形成的电池单元堆;布置在相应地相邻的电池单元之间的可变形的泡沫板,该泡沫板用于对该电池单元充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的这些电池单元的变形进行补偿;以及相应地在相邻的电池单元之间被引导经过的、用于冷却这些电池单元的冷却介质。
背景技术
这样的电池模块是从US 2013/0071718 A1已知的。在该电池模块的情况下,在两个相邻布置的电池单元之间相应地布置有可变形的泡沫板,该泡沫板直接贴靠这两个电池单元。可变形的泡沫板具有贯通该泡沫板的、用于引导冷却介质经过的通道,其中该冷却介质是冷却空气。这些通道被定位成与可变形的泡沫板在这两个电池单元上的接触面平行。该电池模块在电动车辆中使用,例如在乘用机动车辆、客车、卡车中使用。
从US 2017/0194681 A1已知一种电池模块,该电池模块具有由多个电池单元形成的电池堆和布置在相应地相邻的电池单元之间的冷却结构。相应的冷却结构被设计为具有用于使冷却液流入和流出的闭合结构。布置在相应地相邻的电池单元之间的冷却结构与这些电池单元直接接触。该电池模块在电池单元堆的堆端部的区域中具有由泡沫材料制成的、用于对电池单元堆减振的隔离板。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,对开篇所述类型的、具有下文所述特征的电池模块进行改进,使得确保了对在这些电池单元充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的这些电池单元的变形的最佳补偿以及对电池单元的最佳冷却。
该目的通过一种电池模块来实现,该电池模块具有下文所述的特征。
在根据本发明的电池模块的情况下提出的是:该冷却介质是与这些电池单元直接接触的冷却液,其中在相应的电池单元与朝向该电池单元的泡沫板之间布置有冷却结构,该冷却结构用于将该冷却液引导至该电池单元并且沿着该电池单元引导,其中该泡沫板与该冷却结构接触并且该冷却结构与该电池单元接触。
因此,这些电池单元例如可能在电池单元充电时膨胀,由此这些电池单元作用于冷却结构并且这些冷却结构进而作用于泡沫板。由于泡沫板可变形,这些泡沫板可以与由于电池单元的膨胀所需的空间相对应地在这些泡沫板的形状方面发生变化,由此在更大程度上被挤压在一起。而如果在另一运行状态下电池单元就电池单元的厚度减小而言发生变形,则泡沫板再次在更大程度上松弛并且变形回到其初始状态。
冷却液可以特别有利地对电池单元进行冷却,这是因为冷却液与电池单元直接接触。由于冷却结构布置在泡沫板与所指配的电池单元之间,泡沫板(尤其在冷却结构的朝向该电池单元的区域中)不会阻塞。在泡沫板与电池单元直接接触的情况下可能存在这种危险。
尤其提出的是:相应的电池单元是软包电池单元。该软包电池单元的突出之处在于在宽度和长度相对较大的情况下厚度相对较小、由宽度和长度形成的表面的大体上矩形的设计,此外尤其在于在该软包电池单元的窄侧区域中的电连接端。
优选地,相应的冷却结构至少在其朝向电池单元的一侧具有板,该板贴靠该电池单元,其中该板具有用于该冷却液的穿通部。通过该构型,在冷却液有利地流过该板的同时确保了冷却结构有利地支撑在电池单元上。有利的改进方案提出:该冷却结构在其背离该电池单元的一侧具有板,该板贴靠在该电池单元的这一侧朝向该电池单元的泡沫板。通过冷却结构的这种构型,在电池单元变形时的力可以在很大程度上被通常较软的泡沫板转移到通常刚性的冷却结构中并且从该冷却结构被转送到电池单元中。与泡沫板产生接触的板尤其被形成为封闭式的,并且因此没有穿通部,这是因为并不需要在泡沫板的区域中输送冷却液。
优选地,相应的板被形成为金属板。因此,该板可以特别好地将热量从所指配的电池单元转移到冷却结构以及由此冷却液中。
优选地,相应的板被形成为成型板。这种成型允许:将冷却结构尤其相对于所指配的电池单元定位成使得该板只在该板的伸出的成型区域中贴靠电池单元。因此,在该板的伸出的区域之间,冷却液可以在该板与电池单元之间被引导经过。
尤其提出的是:该冷却结构的板彼此相连接并且形成稳定的单元。尤其,这些板被形成为波浪形的并且彼此直接相连接。
原则上,根据替代性的构型,冷却结构也可以只具有单个的成型板、尤其是单个成型的金属板。所述成型板不仅支撑在电池单元上、而且支撑在泡沫板上。在这种情况下,冷却液不仅与电池单元接触、而且与泡沫板接触。冷却结构的成型板防止了冷却结构朝向电池单元的阻塞,由此确保了在冷却结构与电池单元之间持续地引导冷却液。
优选地,泡沫板由微孔聚氨酯形成。该微孔聚氨酯能够例如在商标“PORON”下交易获得(Rogers Corporation公司,AZ 85224Chandler,美国)。
自本文所述、附图以及对附图中所展示的实施例的说明中得出本发明的进一步的特征,而本发明并不局限于此。
总体上,本发明在此公开下述1的技术方案,下述2-9为本发明的优选技术方案:
1.一种电池模块(1),该电池模块具有:由多个电池单元(2)形成的电池单元堆(3);布置在相应地相邻的电池单元(2)之间的可变形的泡沫板(4),该泡沫板用于对这些电池单元(2)充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的这些电池单元的变形进行补偿;以及相应地在相邻的电池单元(2)之间被引导经过的、用于冷却这些电池单元(2)的冷却介质,其特征在于,该冷却介质是与这些电池单元(2)直接接触的冷却液(5),其中在相应的电池单元(2)与朝向该电池单元的泡沫板(4)之间布置有冷却结构(6),该冷却结构用于将该冷却液(5)引导至该电池单元(2)并且沿着该电池单元引导,其中该泡沫板(4)与该冷却结构(6)接触并且该冷却结构(6)与该电池单元(2)接触。
2.根据前述1所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的电池单元(2)是软包电池单元。
3.根据前述1或2所述的电组模块,其特征在于,相应的冷却结构(6)至少在其朝向该电池单元(2)的一侧具有板(7),该板(7)贴靠该电池单元(2),其中该板具有用于该冷却液(5)的穿通部。
4.根据前述3所述的电池模块,其特征在于,该冷却结构(6)在其背离该电池单元(2)的一侧具有板(8),该板(8)贴靠在该电池单元(2)的这一侧朝向该电池单元(2)的泡沫板(4)。
5.根据前述3或4所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的板(7,8)被形成为金属板。
6.根据前述3至5中任一项所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的板(7或8)被形成为成型板。
7.根据前述3至6中任一项所述的电池模块,其特征在于,该冷却结构(6)的板(7,8)彼此相连接并且形成稳定的单元。
8.根据前述7所述的电池模块,其特征在于,这些板(7,8)被形成为波浪形的并且彼此直接相连接。
9.根据前述1至8中任一项所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的泡沫板(4)由微孔聚氨酯形成。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1以非常简化的图示示出了电池模块,其中展示了对电池模块的穿流;
图2以示意性图示示出了电池模块的在两个电池单元之间的区域内的构造。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出的电池模块1尤其在可电驱动的车辆(例如乘用机动车辆)中使用以驱动车辆的电动机器。
电池模块1具有由多个电池单元2形成的电池单元堆3。电池单元2被形成为软包电池单元。在电池单元堆3的相应地相邻的电池单元2之间布置有可变形的泡沫板4,该泡沫板用于补偿在电池单元2充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的电池单元的变形。在相应地相邻的电池单元2之间引导冷却介质经过以冷却电池单元2,该冷却介质是冷却液5。
图2以示意性图示示出了电池模块1在两个相邻电池单元2的区域内的构造。对应的情况也适用于电池单元堆3的其他相应地相邻的电池单元2:冷却液5与电池单元2直接接触。在相应的电池单元2与朝向该电池单元的泡沫板4之间布置有冷却结构6,该冷却结构用于将冷却液5引导至电池单元2并且沿着该电池单元引导。泡沫板4与冷却结构6接触并且冷却结构6与电池单元2接触。冷却结构6在其朝向电池单元2的一侧具有板7,该板贴靠电池单元2。板7具有未展示的用于冷却液5的流通部。冷却结构6在其背离电池单元2的一侧具有板8,该板贴靠在电池单元2的这一侧朝向电池单元2的泡沫板4。
相应的板7、8被形成为金属板并且此外具有成型设计。相应布置在电池单元2与泡沫板4之间的冷却结构6被设计成使得该冷却结构的板7、8彼此相连接并且形成稳定的单元。在此,板7、8被形成为波浪形的并且彼此直接相连接。由此确保了:冷却结构6贴靠所指配的电池单元2和所指配的泡沫板4,并且在此实现使冷却液5流过冷却结构6。
泡沫板4由微孔聚氨酯形成。
电池模块1的电池单元2、泡沫板4和冷却结构6的所描述的布置允许对在电池单元2充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的电池单元的变形的最佳补偿,还允许对这些电池单元2的最佳冷却。
图1展示了冷却液5在电池模块1中的流动情况。基于所形成的电池单元堆3,方形的电池模块1具有第一端面9、与该第一端面9相对的第二端面10、前侧面11、后侧面12、底面13和顶面14。经由冷却液5的入口,该冷却液在电池模块1的端面9的区域中沿着电池单元接线端子流到该电池模块1的内部,这些电池单元接线端子因此强制被流过,以便同样保证对这些电池单元接线端子的冷却。冷却液5从端面9的区域到达底面13的区域中并且从那里经过各种冷却结构6流到顶面14。被加热的冷却液5从顶面14的区域到达端面10并且在那里从电池模块1被导出。借助于图1中的以粗线所示的箭头展示了冷却液5的流动方向。
Claims (9)
1.一种电池模块(1),该电池模块具有:由多个电池单元(2)形成的电池单元堆(3);布置在相应地相邻的电池单元(2)之间的可变形的泡沫板(4),该泡沫板用于对这些电池单元(2)充电和放电时的、或者由于这些电池单元的老化所引起的这些电池单元的变形进行补偿;以及相应地在相邻的电池单元(2)之间被引导经过的、用于冷却这些电池单元(2)的冷却介质,其特征在于,该冷却介质是与这些电池单元(2)直接接触的冷却液(5),其中在相应的电池单元(2)与朝向该电池单元的泡沫板(4)之间布置有冷却结构(6),该冷却结构用于将该冷却液(5)引导至该电池单元(2)并且沿着该电池单元引导,其中该泡沫板(4)与该冷却结构(6)接触并且该冷却结构(6)与该电池单元(2)接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的电池单元(2)是软包电池单元。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电组模块,其特征在于,相应的冷却结构(6)至少在其朝向该电池单元(2)的一侧具有板(7),该板(7)贴靠该电池单元(2),其中该板具有用于该冷却液(5)的穿通部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池模块,其特征在于,该冷却结构(6)在其背离该电池单元(2)的一侧具有板(8),该板(8)贴靠在该电池单元(2)的这一侧朝向该电池单元(2)的泡沫板(4)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的板(7,8)被形成为金属板。
6.根据权利要求4所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的板(7或8)被形成为成型板。
7.根据权利要求4所述的电池模块,其特征在于,该冷却结构(6)的板(7,8)彼此相连接并且形成稳定的单元。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电池模块,其特征在于,这些板(7,8)被形成为波浪形的并且彼此直接相连接。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池模块,其特征在于,相应的泡沫板(4)由微孔聚氨酯形成。
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