CN113921373A - Multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device - Google Patents
Multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113921373A CN113921373A CN202111115054.9A CN202111115054A CN113921373A CN 113921373 A CN113921373 A CN 113921373A CN 202111115054 A CN202111115054 A CN 202111115054A CN 113921373 A CN113921373 A CN 113921373A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/40—Time-of-flight spectrometers
- H01J49/405—Time-of-flight spectrometers characterised by the reflectron, e.g. curved field, electrode shapes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
- H01J49/40—Time-of-flight spectrometers
- H01J49/401—Time-of-flight spectrometers characterised by orthogonal acceleration, e.g. focusing or selecting the ions, pusher electrode
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of space physics and space environment detection, in particular to a multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device, which comprises: the drift tube is axially symmetrically provided with a drift tube inlet and a drift tube outlet on the same side, and a starting gate control and an ion focusing lens are arranged outside the drift tube inlet; a termination detector is arranged outside the outlet of the drift tube; the drift tube is internally provided with n electrostatic reflection devices, wherein in the n electrostatic reflection devices, an ion reflection inlet and an ion reflection outlet of the former electrostatic reflection device correspond to an ion reflection inlet and an ion reflection outlet of the latter electrostatic reflection device, the ion reflection inlet and the ion reflection outlet of the first electrostatic reflection device correspond to the inlet of the drift tube, and the ion reflection inlet and the ion reflection outlet of the nth electrostatic reflection device correspond to the outlet of the drift tube. The invention can reflect the ions for many times in a specific space, and realizes the doubling of the flight distance and the flight time of the ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of space physics and space environment detection, and particularly relates to a multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device for space thermionic high-quality spectral resolution measurement.
Background
Currently, charged thermions are present everywhere in geospace, interplanetary, and other planetary spaces of the solar system. The thermions are one of the main environmental elements in space, and can interact with the in-orbit spacecraft to cause various space environmental effects such as charging and discharging. The mass spectrometric detection of the thermions can be used for researching basic physical problems concerned by human beings, such as how the thermions are accelerated, the formation and evolution law of the planet space atmosphere and the ionized layer, the conduction and escape process of the planet magnetic layer thermions, how the sun influences the formation and dissipation of the planet atmosphere, and the like. The solution of these problems helps people to know and understand the unknown world and also provides guarantee for the safe development of various space activities. The space thermal ion mass spectrometry detection is an essential detection item for space environment detection, such as a CLUSTER satellite of the European space Bureau, a STEREO satellite of the United states, a Mars Express of the European space Bureau, and a MAVEN of the United states are provided with the detection of the thermal ion mass spectrometry.
Currently, a general method for spatial thermionic mass spectrometry is: by adopting a flight time method and measuring the flight time and the flight distance of the known thermions in a specific flight time system, ions with different masses have different flight times, so that the mass information of the ions can be obtained, and the method is a main method for space thermions mass spectrum resolution measurement. Generally, mass spectral resolution is affected by time-of-flight, which is the longer the mass spectral resolution. However, the size of the time-of-flight system for the detection of the thermionic mass spectrometry is limited by a satellite platform, the thermionic mass usually can only make one linear or parabolic flight in the time-of-flight system, the time-of-flight is short, and the time-of-flight spectrum with high mass spectrometry resolution is difficult to obtain. On a small satellite detection platform, especially a deep space detection-oriented satellite platform, the weight and power consumption of a carried instrument are required to be as low as possible so as to reduce the emission cost. Therefore, the time-of-flight method using such a straight or parabolic flight path limits its application to small satellite platforms and deep space probes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the existing method, provides a multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device for space thermionic mass spectrometry, and solves the problem that the existing space thermionic mass spectrometry cannot realize high mass spectrometry resolution under the existing size condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-mirrored reflective time-of-flight detection apparatus, the time-of-flight detection apparatus comprising: the drift tube is axially symmetrically provided with a drift tube inlet and a drift tube outlet on the same side, and a starting gate control and an ion focusing lens are arranged outside the drift tube inlet; a termination detector is arranged outside the outlet of the drift tube;
the drift tube is internally provided with n electrostatic reflection devices, wherein in the n electrostatic reflection devices, an ion reflection inlet and an ion reflection outlet of the former electrostatic reflection device correspond to an ion reflection inlet and an ion reflection outlet of the latter electrostatic reflection device, the ion reflection inlet and the ion reflection outlet of the first electrostatic reflection device correspond to the inlet of the drift tube, and the ion reflection inlet and the ion reflection outlet of the nth electrostatic reflection device correspond to the outlet of the drift tube.
Preferably, 9 electrostatic reflection devices are arranged in the drift tube, specifically:
the drift tube inlet is provided with a first electrostatic reflection device in a right-to-right mode, the drift tube outlet is provided with a ninth electrostatic reflection device in a right-to-right mode, and the center of the bottom of the drift tube is provided with a fifth electrostatic reflection device; and three pairs of electrostatic reflecting devices are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the tube wall of the drift tube, wherein in the three pairs of electrostatic reflecting devices, the eighth electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the second electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions, the third electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the seventh electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions, and the sixth electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the fourth electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions.
Preferably, the electrostatic reflection device comprises a cylindrical shell, an ion reflection inlet and outlet, an electrostatic reflection sheet and a metal shielding grid; set up annular ion reflection access & exit on the top surface of cylindrical shell, set up discoid electrostatic reflection piece in the cylindrical shell, set up the metallic shield grid above the electrostatic reflection piece.
Preferably, the drift tube is of a cylindrical cavity structure, and the inlet and the outlet of the drift tube are cylindrical protrusions.
Preferably, the initial gate comprises a ring electrode and a metal grid; the metal grid mesh is tightly attached to one end face of the annular electrode, and the other end face of the annular electrode is opposite to the end face of the ion focusing lens;
the ion focusing lens comprises two coaxial annular metal electrodes;
the central annular channel of the initial gating and ion focusing lens is the ion flight incident channel.
Preferably, the termination probe housing terminates the probe shield.
The invention provides a multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device for high-quality spectral resolution measurement of space thermions, which solves the technical problem that the resolution of the thermions mass spectrum is not high enough due to the limited size of a flight time system in space environment detection.
The multi-mirrored reflective time-of-flight device comprises: initial gating, ion focusing lens, drift tube, electrostatic reflection device, and termination detector. The initial gate control is used as a thermionic entrance port, an ionic initial signal is recorded, an ionic focusing lens plays a focusing role on the track of ions, and the rear end of the ionic focusing lens is aligned with the entrance of the drift tube; the drift tube is of a cylindrical structure except for the inlet and outlet convex structures, and the electrostatic reflection device is arranged in the drift tube; the outlet of the drift tube is opposite to the termination detector and is used for recording an ion termination signal.
As one improvement of the technical scheme, the initial gate comprises a ring electrode and a metal grid; the metal grid is tightly attached to the end face of the annular electrode, and the other end of the annular electrode is opposite to the end face of the ion focusing lens; the initial gating can increase voltage, the central annular channel is an ion flight incident channel, and a flight time initial signal is recorded when ions pass through the metal grid mesh;
as one improvement of the above technical solution, the ion focusing lens includes two coaxial annular metal electrodes, which can apply high voltage for modulating and focusing the ion motion trajectory; the focused ions enter the drift tube after passing through an annular inlet;
as one improvement of the technical scheme, the drift tube and the electrostatic reflection device are integrally designed; the device comprises an electrostatic reflection device at the inlet of a drift tube, an electrostatic reflection device on the inner wall of a drift tube column shape, an electrostatic reflection device at the tail end of the drift tube and an electrostatic reflection device at the outlet of the drift tube;
the electrostatic reflection device at the inlet of the drift tube is of a cylindrical structure; an annular opening is arranged towards the direction of the ion focusing lens and is used as an ion incidence window and an ion exit window, and a disc-shaped electrostatic reflector is arranged in the cylindrical part and can be used for reflecting incident ions by applying high voltage; a metal shielding grid is arranged above the electrostatic reflector.
The electrostatic reflection devices on the cylindrical inner wall of the drift tube are symmetrically arranged in pairs and are used for reflecting ions in the drift tube for multiple times;
the electrostatic reflection device on the cylindrical inner wall of the drift tube, the electrostatic reflection device at the tail end of the drift tube and the electrostatic reflection device at the outlet of the drift tube have the same internal structure except that the directions are different, and the electrostatic reflection device, the electrostatic reflection device and the electrostatic reflection device all comprise cylindrical shells, ion reflection inlets and outlets, electrostatic reflection sheets, metal shielding grids and the like;
as one improvement of the technical scheme, the cylindrical bulge at the outlet of the drift tube is opposite to the termination detector;
as one improvement of the above technical scheme, the termination detector is of a circular structure, and high voltage can be applied to enable ions to vertically reach the termination detector along the opposite direction of incidence after the ions are emitted, so that a flight time termination signal is generated;
the invention overcomes the problem that the prior space thermionic mass spectrometry detecting instrument can not realize high mass spectrometry resolution under the existing size condition; the accurate recording of the initial time of the ions entering the flight time system is realized by utilizing initial gating; the voltage of the ion focusing lens is used for setting and adjusting the motion track of ions, so that the ions have better focusing characteristic, and the detection efficiency is improved; multiple mirror reflection of ions in the drift tube is realized by utilizing a plurality of electrostatic reflection devices, the flight time of the ions is multiplied for multiple times, and the mass spectrum resolution of a flight time system is greatly improved; and recording the ion termination signal by using a termination detector to obtain a complete flight time spectrum of the ions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention fully integrates the electrostatic reflection device and the drift tube, realizes multiple times of flight time of the thermions under the size of the existing sensor, can greatly improve the mass spectrum resolution of the thermions mass spectrum detector, reduces the weight of the detector, and has wide application requirements in the space detection field with resource shortage, particularly the deep space detection field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-mirror reflection time-of-flight detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrostatic reflector according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. initial gate control 2, ion flight channel
3. Ion focusing lens 4, ion focusing lens
5. Drift tube 6, first electrostatic reflection device
7. Second electrostatic reflector 8 and third electrostatic reflector
9. Fourth and fifth electrostatic reflection devices 10 and 10
11. Sixth and seventh electrostatic reflection devices 12 and 12
13. Eighth and ninth electrostatic reflection devices 14 and 14
15. Termination probe 16, termination probe shield
17. Electrostatic reflection sheet 18, housing
19. Metal shielding grid 20, ion reflecting entrance.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a multi-mirror reflection time-of-flight detection apparatus, the time-of-flight detection apparatus comprising: the drift tube 5, the same side of said drift tube 5 presents the axial symmetry and sets up drift tube entrance and outlet port of drift tube, the drift tube entrance sets up the initial gate control 1 and ion focusing lens 3 and 4 outside; a termination detector 15 is arranged outside the outlet of the drift tube; the drift tube is of a cylindrical cavity structure, and the inlet and the outlet of the drift tube are cylindrical bulges; the initial gate comprises a ring electrode and a metal grid; the metal grid mesh is tightly attached to one end face of the annular electrode, and the other end face of the annular electrode is opposite to the end face of the ion focusing lens; the ion focusing lens comprises two coaxial annular metal electrodes; the central annular channel of the initial gating and ion focusing lens is an ion flight incident channel 2; the termination probe 15 housing a termination probe shield 16;
as shown in fig. 2, 9 electrostatic reflection devices are disposed in the drift tube 5, specifically:
the first electrostatic reflection device 6 is arranged over against the drift tube inlet, the ninth electrostatic reflection device 14 is arranged over against the drift tube outlet, and the fifth electrostatic reflection device 10 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the drift tube; three pairs of electrostatic reflection devices are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the tube wall of the drift tube 5, wherein in the three pairs of electrostatic reflection devices, an eighth electrostatic reflection device 13 is vertically corresponding to the second electrostatic reflection device 7, a third electrostatic reflection device 8 is vertically corresponding to the seventh electrostatic reflection device 12, and a sixth electrostatic reflection device 11 is vertically corresponding to the fourth electrostatic reflection device 9.
The electrostatic reflection device comprises a cylindrical shell 18, an ion reflection inlet and outlet 20, an electrostatic reflection sheet 17 and a metal shielding grid 19; an annular ion reflection inlet and outlet 20 is arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical shell 18, a disc-shaped electrostatic reflector 17 is arranged in the cylindrical shell 18, and a metal shielding grid 19 is arranged above the electrostatic reflector.
The central annular channel of the initial gate 1 is an ion flight incident channel 2, the metal grid is tightly attached to the outer surface of the annular electrode, and the initial gate and the metal grid are applied with negative voltage to attract the thermions with positive charges into a flight time system; when the gate is provided with a positive voltage with a certain amplitude, the positively charged thermions are blocked outside the initial gate control and cannot enter a flight time system; the gate control voltage adopts a fast scanning working mode, and when the states of opening the door (gate control plus negative voltage) and closing the door (gate control plus positive voltage) are switched rapidly, the initial signal of the ion entering the flight time is recorded;
the ion focusing lens is used for further modulating the thermal ion track entering the gate control and introducing an ion beam with high focusing characteristic into a drift tube at the rear end;
the ion focusing lens comprises two annular electrodes, the ion focusing lens 3 and the ion focusing lens 4 are coaxial rings and are coaxial with a gate, and the track modulation is carried out on the thermions through the voltage configuration of the ion focusing lens and the gate, so that the thermions have better focusing characteristics;
the main body part of the drift tube 5 is a cylindrical cavity, the inlet of the drift tube is a cylindrical ring which is coaxial with the gate control and focusing lens, the outlet of the drift tube is a cylindrical ring, and the inlet and the outlet are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the drift tube;
the electrostatic reflection device comprises an electrostatic reflection device at the inlet of the drift tube, an electrostatic reflection device at the tail end of the drift tube, an electrostatic reflection device at the outlet of the drift tube and electrostatic reflection devices symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the drift tube; the electrostatic reflection devices adopt the same structure;
as shown in fig. 2, the outer shell 18 of the electrostatic reflection device is of a cylindrical symmetrical structure, the inner part of the outer shell comprises an electrostatic reflection sheet 17 and a metal shielding grid 19, the annular opening is an ion reflection inlet 20, and ions enter the opening and are reflected by a reflection electric field between the electrostatic reflection sheet 17 and the metal shielding grid 19 and fly out from the other end of the annular opening;
the first electrostatic reflection device 6 at the opening of the drift tube is inclined at a certain angle, so that incident ions enter the second electrostatic reflection device 7 after being reflected; the ninth electrostatic reflection device 14 at the outlet is symmetrically distributed with the first electrostatic reflection device 6, and the inclination angle of the ninth electrostatic reflection device 14 enables the ions flying out of the eighth electrostatic reflection device 13 to fly out along the axis of the outlet protrusion of the drift tube after being reflected by the ninth electrostatic reflection device 14;
the electrostatic reflection devices can adjust the layout quantity and the inclination angle of each electrostatic reflection device according to actual needs;
the termination detector 6 is of a circular structure, and is externally covered with a termination detector shielding case 16; stopping applying high voltage to the detector, allowing ions to fly out of the drift tube and then impact on the detector to generate a charge pulse signal, and recording a flight time stop signal; thus, a flight time spectrum of one complete flight of the ions can be obtained, and mass spectrum information and mass spectrum resolution of the ions can be obtained according to the flight time spectrum.
The one-time complete flight path of the thermions inside the time-of-flight device is: firstly, the ion beam passes through a starting gate 1, flies along an ion incidence channel 2, and enters modulation channels of ion focusing lenses 3 and 4; then continues to enter the drift tube 5 in a fixed direction; reflected by the first electrostatic reflection device 6 and enters the second electrostatic reflection device 7; then reflected by the second electrostatic reflection device 7 and enters a third electrostatic reflection device 8; then sequentially passes through a fourth electrostatic reflecting device 9, a fifth electrostatic reflecting device 10, a sixth electrostatic reflecting device 11, a seventh electrostatic reflecting device 12 and an eighth electrostatic reflecting device 13; then enters a ninth electrostatic reflection device 14 for carrying out the last reflection, flies out of the drift tube and hits on a termination detector.
All the devices are in a voltage-applying electrode or grounding structure and need to be made of aluminum alloy materials; the electrodes or the electrodes and the ground are fixed by adopting ceramic or polyimide materials.
Conventional technical knowledge in the art can be used for the details which are not described in the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-mirrored reflective time-of-flight detection apparatus, the time-of-flight detection apparatus comprising: the drift tube is axially symmetrically provided with a drift tube inlet and a drift tube outlet on the same side, and a starting gate control and an ion focusing lens are arranged outside the drift tube inlet; a termination detector is arranged outside the outlet of the drift tube;
the ion reflection outlet and inlet of the first electrostatic reflection device corresponds to the inlet of the drift tube, and the ion reflection outlet and inlet of the nth electrostatic reflection device corresponds to the outlet of the drift tube.
2. The multi-mirror reflection time-of-flight detection device of claim 1, wherein 9 electrostatic reflection devices are disposed in the drift tube, specifically:
the drift tube inlet is provided with a first electrostatic reflection device in a right-to-right mode, the drift tube outlet is provided with a ninth electrostatic reflection device in a right-to-right mode, and the center of the bottom of the drift tube is provided with a fifth electrostatic reflection device; and three pairs of electrostatic reflecting devices are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the tube wall of the drift tube, wherein in the three pairs of electrostatic reflecting devices, the eighth electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the second electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions, the third electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the seventh electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions, and the sixth electrostatic reflecting device corresponds to the fourth electrostatic reflecting device in the upper and lower directions.
3. The multi-mirror reflection time-of-flight detection device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrostatic reflection device comprises a cylindrical housing, an ion reflection inlet and outlet, an electrostatic reflection sheet, and a metal shielding mesh; set up annular ion reflection access & exit on the top surface of cylindrical shell, set up discoid electrostatic reflection piece in the cylindrical shell, set up the metallic shield grid above the electrostatic reflection piece.
4. The multi-mirror reflection time-of-flight detector device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the drift tube is a cylindrical cavity structure, and the drift tube inlet and the drift tube outlet are cylindrical protrusions.
5. The multi-mirrored reflection time-of-flight detection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the origin gate comprises a ring electrode and a metal grid; the metal grid mesh is tightly attached to one end face of the annular electrode, and the other end face of the annular electrode is opposite to the end face of the ion focusing lens;
the ion focusing lens comprises two coaxial annular metal electrodes;
the central annular channel of the initial gating and ion focusing lens is the ion flight incident channel.
6. The multi-mirrored reflection time-of-flight detection apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the termination detector housing terminates a detector shield.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111115054.9A CN113921373A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111115054.9A CN113921373A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113921373A true CN113921373A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111115054.9A Pending CN113921373A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Multi-mirror reflection flight time detection device |
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2021
- 2021-09-23 CN CN202111115054.9A patent/CN113921373A/en active Pending
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