CN113920203A - Optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on stable radiation source - Google Patents
Optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on stable radiation source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on a stable radiation source, which comprises the following steps: a. calibrating the optical remote sensing satellite by using the satellite-borne black body to obtain a calibration coefficient; b. calculating the radiation value of the stable radiation source according to the calibration coefficient; c. repeating said steps (a) and (b) to obtain a series of scaling coefficients and radiance values; d. and selectively performing radiation correction according to the decay condition of the radiation measurement performance of the optical remote sensing satellite. The method can realize the stable correction of the on-orbit absolute radiation reference of the optical remote sensing satellite, and provides support for the quantitative processing and application of remote sensing data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on a stable radiation source.
Background
Radiometric calibration is an important work of an optical remote sensing satellite in orbit, and the main content of the radiometric calibration is to calibrate the radiometric capability of a satellite-borne optical camera so as to realize single-satellite or multi-satellite radiometric calibration. In the prior art, calibration work is usually completed by using satellite-borne blackbodies, ground calibration fields and other modes. However, due to the influence of the atmosphere, it is difficult to radiometrically scale the satellite-borne optical camera directly with the terrestrial calibration field in a specific optical spectrum band. Meanwhile, the satellite-borne blackbody has the problems of performance decay, detector performance decay and the like, so that the calibration of the absolute radiation reference of the remote sensing satellite is difficult. Therefore, how to realize accurate multi-star cross radiometric calibration/calibration is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of radiometric calibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on a stable radiation source.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stable radiation source-based optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method, which comprises the following steps:
a. calibrating the optical remote sensing satellite by using the satellite-borne black body to obtain a calibration coefficient;
b. calculating the radiation value of the stable radiation source according to the calibration coefficient;
c. repeating said steps (a) and (b) to obtain a series of scaling coefficients and radiance values;
d. and selectively performing radiation correction according to the decay condition of the radiation measurement performance of the optical remote sensing satellite.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step (a), a scaling coefficient slope K of a linear response of the camera is obtained based on a two-point scaling methodiAnd intercept Bi；
Wherein i represents the ith calibration performed based on the satellite-borne blackbody after the satellite enters orbit.
According to one aspect of the present invention, in the step (b), more than two stable radiation sources are observed to obtain original image gray level value DN of the stable radiation sourcesn,jAnd using the slope K of the scaling coefficient nearest to the observation time of the stable radiation sourceiAnd intercept BiCalculating the radiation value E of a stable radiation sourcen,jThe following formula:
En,j＝Ki·DNn,j+Bi；
where n-1, 2,3 … denotes the nth stable radiation source observation.
According to one aspect of the invention, in said step (d), the performance of the radiometric measurements when used in optical telemetry satellites decays
Greater than a set threshold η0If so, performing radiation correction;
wherein E is1,jRepresenting the radiation value calculated by the jth stable radiation source based on the 1 st scaling factor.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the following formula is established in the step (d):
ΔKm·DNn,j+ΔBm＝E1,j-En,j；
wherein, Δ KmAnd Δ BmTo scale the correction coefficient, m is 1,2,3 … denotes the mth radiation correction.
According to one aspect of the invention, the calibration correction factor Δ K is scaled based on a least squares method using observations of a stationary radiation source in a matrix formmAnd Δ BmThe calculation was performed as follows:
let DK ═ Ε, calculate K ═ DTD)-1DTΕ；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
according to the inventionIn one aspect of the invention, in said step (d), a scaled correction factor Δ K is obtainedmAnd Δ BmThen, use Ki+ΔKmAnd Bi+ΔBmThe radiation values of the target and background are calculated.
The device comprises a storage medium, a processor and a computer program stored on the storage medium and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on the stable radiation source.
According to the concept of the invention, the on-orbit cross radiometric calibration of the optical remote sensing satellite is completed by combining ground vacuum calibration, on-orbit black body calibration and on-orbit fixed calibration. The method comprises the steps of firstly, determining a load radiation reference by utilizing the characteristic that the black body performance decay of the ground and the satellite in the initial orbit stage is small, and then correcting the black body calibration deviation by regularly observing stable radiation source calibration/monitoring performance decay conditions such as fixed stars and the like so as to realize the stable calibration of the in-orbit absolute radiation reference of the optical remote sensing satellite, thereby providing support for the quantitative processing and application of remote sensing data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of an optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross-calibration method based on a stable radiation source according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention discloses a radiation cross calibration method of an optical remote sensing satellite based on a stable radiation source, which is completed based on a mature two-point calibration method under the condition that the radiation response of a camera is assumed to be linear response after the ground vacuum internal and external calibration results of the optical remote sensing satellite are obtained.
Referring to fig. 1, the method firstly calibrates the optical remote sensing satellite by using the satellite-borne black body to obtain a calibration coefficient, and then calculates the radiation value of the stable radiation source according to the calibration coefficient. The above steps are repeated periodically thereafter, thereby obtaining a series of scaling coefficients and radiance values. And finally, selectively carrying out radiation correction according to the decay condition of the radiation measurement performance of the optical remote sensing satellite.
In the invention, the optical remote sensing satellite emits in the initial stage of orbit, calibration is carried out by utilizing a satellite-borne black body, and the calibration coefficient slope K of the linear response of the camera is obtained based on a two-point calibration method1And intercept B1And therefore, the on-orbit 1 st calibration of the optical remote sensing satellite based on the satellite-borne black body is completed. At this time, at least two stable radiation sources (such as a constant star) should be observed in time and based on the slope K of the scaling coefficient1And intercept B1Obtaining the gray value DN of the original image1,jReuse of K1And B1Calculating the coefficient to obtain radiation value information E of the radiation source1,j＝K1·DN1,j+B1. Wherein E is1,jRepresents the radiation value calculated by the jth stable radiation source based on the 1 st scaling factor, which is also denoted as the true value of the radiation value.
Therefore, in the later in-orbit period of the optical remote sensing satellite, in-orbit calibration can be regularly carried out by utilizing the satellite-borne black body, and a corresponding series of calibration coefficients can be obtained by utilizing a two-point calibration method. In addition, since the black body has decay in on-orbit performance, each time the calibration is carried out based on the satellite-borne black body, different calibration coefficients are obtained, so that the calibration coefficient is marked by subscript i (i is 1,2,3 …) and is recorded as slope KiAnd intercept Bi. And i is the ith calibration based on the satellite-borne blackbody after the satellite enters the orbit. Meanwhile, more than two stable radiation sources need to be observed periodically during the period, so that a series of original image gray values of the stable radiation sources are obtained and recorded as DNn,j. Then, the slope K of the scaling coefficient closest to the observation time of the stable radiation source can be usediAnd intercept BiCalculating the radiation value E of a stable radiation sourcen,jThe following formula:
En,j＝Ki·DNn,j+Bi；
where n-1, 2,3 … denotes the nth stable radiation source observation. In addition, the period/times of on-track calibration and stable radiation source observation which are regularly carried out in the invention can be selected according to actual needs.
After the above steps of the present invention are completed, the process can be passed through En,jAnd E1,jThe performance degradation condition of the on-orbit radiation measurement of the optical remote sensing satellite is detected by the variation difference. In particular, performance decay when in-orbit radiometric measurements of optical remote sensing satellites
Greater than a set threshold η0(not greater than 0.1, but adjustable according to engineering requirements), radiation correction is required.
In the invention, the following formula is firstly established:
ΔKm·DNn,j+ΔBm＝E1,j-En,j；
wherein, Δ KmAnd Δ BmTo scale the correction coefficient, m is 1,2,3 … denotes the mth radiation correction.
The invention adopts matrix form to express, utilizes the observation results of more than two stable radiation sources (j is more than or equal to 2), and then corrects the calibration correction coefficient delta K based on the least square methodmAnd Δ BmAnd (6) performing calculation. Specifically, let DK ═ Ε, calculate K ═ D (D)TD)- 1DTΕ；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the calibration correction factor Δ K is obtained in the above mannermAnd Δ BmThen, the calibration coefficient can be corrected to obtain the corrected calibration coefficient Ki+ΔKmAnd Bi+ΔBm. And then, calculating the radiation values of the target and the background by using the corrected calibration coefficient so as to reduce the characteristic error of the target and background radiation in practical application and improve the measurement accuracy of the target and background radiation.
The following is a simulation of the calibration method of an embodiment of the present invention on the in-orbit radiation calibration performance of the optical remote sensing satellite, as shown in table 1 below:
| first observation | Second observation | Deviation of | Corrected result | |
| Spectral region 1 | 0.0037 | 0.0029 | 21.6％ | 0.0037 |
| Spectral band 2 | 0.0039 | 0.0038 | 2.56％ | 0.0039 |
| Spectral band 3 | 0.0055 | 0.0040 | 27.2％ | 0.0055 |
TABLE 1 observation and correction of same fixed star by optical remote sensing satellite
Therefore, simulation results show that the method can effectively monitor the change of the on-orbit radiation performance of the camera, and can effectively correct the deviation caused by the performance attenuation of the satellite-borne black body and the detector by establishing the correction model, thereby realizing the unification of multi-satellite radiation standards (namely multi-satellite cross radiation calibration).
The device of the invention comprises a storage medium, a processor and a computer program stored on the storage medium and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the method of the invention.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An optical remote sensing satellite radiation cross calibration method based on a stable radiation source comprises the following steps:
a. calibrating the optical remote sensing satellite by using the satellite-borne black body to obtain a calibration coefficient;
b. calculating the radiation value of the stable radiation source according to the calibration coefficient;
c. repeating said steps (a) and (b) to obtain a series of scaling coefficients and radiance values;
d. and selectively performing radiation correction according to the decay condition of the radiation measurement performance of the optical remote sensing satellite.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the slope K of the scaling coefficient of the linear response of the camera is obtained based on a two-point scaling methodiAnd intercept Bi；
Wherein i represents the ith calibration performed based on the satellite-borne blackbody after the satellite enters orbit.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step (b), more than two stationary radiation sources are observed, and the original image gray level value DN of the stationary radiation sources is obtainedn,jAnd using the slope K of the scaling coefficient nearest to the observation time of the stable radiation sourceiAnd intercept BiCalculating the radiation value E of a stable radiation sourcen,jThe following formula:
En,j＝Ki·DNn,j+Bi；
where n ═ 1,2,3.. denotes the nth stable radiation source observation.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein in step (d) the performance of the radiometric measurements as the optical telemetry satellite decays
Greater than a set threshold η0If so, performing radiation correction;
wherein E is1,jRepresenting the radiation value calculated by the jth stable radiation source based on the 1 st scaling factor.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the following formula is established in step (d):
ΔKm·DNn,j+ΔBm＝E1,j-En,j；
wherein, Δ KmAnd Δ BmTo scale the correction coefficient, m is 1,2,3 … denotes the mth radiation correction.
6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the correction factor Δ K for the calibration is scaled on the basis of the least squares method using the observations of a stationary radiation source in the form of a matrixmAnd Δ BmThe calculation was performed as follows:
let DK ═ Ε, calculate K ═ DTD)-1DTΕ；
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
7. the method of claim 6, wherein in step (d), a scaled correction factor Δ K is obtainedmAnd Δ BmThen, use Ki+ΔKmAnd Bi+ΔBmThe radiation values of the target and background are calculated.
8. An apparatus comprising a storage medium, a processor and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the program.
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| WO2023159739A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Optical satellite remote sensing transmission calibration method based on near-space aerostat |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023159739A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Optical satellite remote sensing transmission calibration method based on near-space aerostat |
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