CN113917637B - All-dielectric optical cable and laying method thereof - Google Patents
All-dielectric optical cable and laying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113917637B CN113917637B CN202111245933.3A CN202111245933A CN113917637B CN 113917637 B CN113917637 B CN 113917637B CN 202111245933 A CN202111245933 A CN 202111245933A CN 113917637 B CN113917637 B CN 113917637B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
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- G02B6/4438—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables for facilitating insertion by fluid drag in ducts or capillaries
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-dielectric optical cable which comprises a sheath, wherein the outer surface of the sheath is provided with a water lubricating layer made of resin, and the resin adopted by the water lubricating layer is different from the resin adopted by the sheath; the water lubricating layer is water-soluble so as to be dissolved in water when the all-dielectric optical cable is laid in water to form an aqueous solution around the all-dielectric optical cable, and the aqueous solution has preset kinematic viscosity and preset density, so that the all-dielectric optical cable is suspended in the aqueous solution and the propelling force borne by the all-dielectric optical cable is improved. The water lubricating layer arranged on the outer side of the sheath of the all-dielectric optical cable adopts water-soluble resin, and is directionally released between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, and after the water lubricating layer is completely dissolved for a time, the water lubricating layer is dissolved and reacts with high-speed water flow in the pipeline to form water solution, so that the friction force between the all-dielectric optical cable and the inner wall of the pipeline is reduced, and the propelling power brought by laying media is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical cables, and particularly relates to an all-dielectric optical cable and a laying method thereof.
Background
With the development of optical communication engineering in recent years, in the process of laying and installing optical cables, in order to save installation resources and improve the laying efficiency of optical cables, more and more mechanized laying methods are adopted in communication networks and trunk engineering, and the commonly used optical cable laying methods include: mechanical traction and pipeline air blowing.
The optical cable laid by the mechanical traction mode has the advantages that the sheath layer is easily scratched due to friction between the sheath and the ground or the inner wall of the pipeline, even the sheath is peeled off, and meanwhile, due to the fact that the dead weight of the optical cable is large, the frictional resistance in the traction process is too large, and the installation distance of the optical cable is short. And adopt the mode that the pipeline air-blast, high-speed air current has "support" effect to the optical cable to form air current "bed course" between sheath and pipeline inner wall, can reduce the friction of optical cable and pipeline inner wall, thereby improve the lay distance of optical cable, for example: the air blowing distance of the layer-stranded or central tubular micro cable in the pipeline is generally 1.5km, 2.0km and the like.
However, in the actual laying of optical cables, there are often installation requirements for long distances and complex terrains, such as: 6km, 10km and the like, and in order to save installation resources and improve the laying efficiency of the optical cable, the common mechanical traction and pipeline air blowing modes cannot be met.
Therefore, the construction mode of optical cable water laying is proposed and popularized and applied in actual optical cable laying. In order to enable longer distance cable runs, there are methods to further reduce the friction between the cable and the inner wall of the duct by adjusting the density of the cable. However, the method has great limitations on the type selection and structure of the optical cable, and cannot effectively broaden the types and applications of the all-dielectric optical cable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an all-dielectric optical cable and a laying method thereof, wherein a water lubricating layer is adopted, and in the process of laying water, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released into a pipeline and is subjected to dissolution reaction with high-speed water flow in the pipeline to form a water solution with preset kinematic viscosity and density, so that the suspension state of the optical cable in the high-speed water flow can be effectively improved, and the friction force between the optical cable and the inner wall of the pipeline is reduced; the water laying propulsion power is increased, so that the installation distance of the optical cable in water laying construction is increased, and the laying distance can reach 6km, even more than 10 km; and the prepared all-dielectric optical cable can greatly improve the surface quality of the optical cable after being laid, avoid the bad phenomena of scratching, falling, breaking and the like of the sheath, has simpler structure, is easy to install, can effectively improve the laying efficiency of the optical cable, and saves the installation resources.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an all-dielectric optical cable including a sheath, wherein a water lubricating layer made of a resin is disposed on an outer surface of the sheath, and the water lubricating layer is made of a resin different from that of the sheath;
the water lubricating layer is water-soluble so as to be dissolved in water when the all-dielectric optical cable is laid in water to form an aqueous solution around the all-dielectric optical cable, and the aqueous solution has preset kinematic viscosity and preset density, so that the all-dielectric optical cable is suspended in the aqueous solution and the propelling force borne by the all-dielectric optical cable is improved.
Preferably, the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution of the all-dielectric optical cable is 20mm 2 /s～60mm 2 The density is between 1.03 and 1.1g/cm < 3 > per second.
Preferably, in the all-dielectric optical cable, the complete dissolution time of the water lubricating layer at normal temperature is 30 s-180 s.
Preferably, in the all-dielectric optical cable, the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value HLB of the resin used in the water-lubricating layer is 15 to 25.
Preferably, in the all-dielectric optical cable, the solubility of the resin adopted by the water lubricating layer in water is 95% to 100%.
Preferably, the resin used for the water lubricating layer of the all-dielectric optical cable comprises one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate.
Preferably, the all-dielectric optical cable, the water lubricating layer of which comprises the following resin components in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of cellulose acetate and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate.
Preferably, the water lubricating layer of the all-dielectric optical cable is prepared by extruding the water lubricating layer by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw of the co-extruder is 160-180 ℃, and the extrusion temperature of a machine head of the co-extruder is 190-210 ℃.
Preferably, the cross section of the water lubricating layer of the all-dielectric optical cable is circular and wraps the outer side of the sheath by 360 degrees, the radial thickness of the water lubricating layer is 5% -10% of the radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross section area of the water lubricating layer is 10% -15% of the cross section area of the sheath; or
A plurality of grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the sheath, the extending direction of each groove is consistent with the extending direction of the sheath, and one water lubricating layer is filled in each groove; preferably, the outer edge of the cross section of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the cross section of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross section of the water lubricating layer and the inner wall of the sheath is 50% -90% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross section area of the water lubricating layer is 5% -20% of the cross section area of the sheath.
According to another aspect of the invention, the all-dielectric optical cable laying method provided by the invention is characterized in that water flow is adopted to lay the all-dielectric optical cable in a pipeline, the water flow speed is controlled to be between 40 and 50m/min, the water flow is controlled to be between 40 and 55L/min, and the water laying pressure is between 13 and 16bar.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1) The water lubricating layer arranged on the outer side of the sheath of the all-dielectric optical cable adopts water-soluble resin, and is directionally released between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, and after the water lubricating layer is completely dissolved for a time, the water lubricating layer is dissolved and reacts with high-speed water flow in the pipeline to form water solution; the water solution formed in the pipeline has a preset kinematic viscosity value and a preset density, so that the frictional resistance between the optical cable and the inner wall of the pipeline is reduced on one hand, and the propelling power brought by the laying medium, namely the formed water solution, is improved on the other hand, and the installation distance of the optical cable in the water laying process is increased to 6km or even 10km.
2) The directional release of the water lubricating layer in the sheath of the all-dielectric optical cable can reduce the contact probability of the all-dielectric optical cable and the inner wall of the pipeline, only one part of the all-dielectric optical cable in the pipeline is in contact with the inner wall of the pipeline or not in contact with the inner wall of the pipeline, so that the all-dielectric optical cable can be partially or completely suspended in water flow, the scratch, the damage and the like of the sheath in the process of laying the sheath of the sheath optical cable are avoided, the surface quality of the sheath after the all-dielectric optical cable is installed can be improved, the integrity of the inside of the cable core is ensured, the construction efficiency of laying the all-dielectric optical cable is convenient to improve, installation resources are saved, and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the 360 outside of the jacket of the present invention with a water-lubricated layer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a water lubrication layer disposed in a groove on the outside of the jacket of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 5 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-dielectric optical cable provided in embodiment 8 of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: i-water lubricating layer, II-sheath, III-water blocking tape, IV-sleeve, V-water blocking filler, VI-layer stranded optical fiber and VII-reinforcing piece.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides an all-dielectric optical cable which is used for a water laying process and comprises a sheath, wherein a water lubricating layer made of resin is arranged on the outer surface of the sheath, and the resin adopted by the water lubricating layer is different from the resin adopted by the sheath;
the water lubricating layer is water-soluble so as to be dissolved in water when the all-dielectric optical cable is laid in water to form an aqueous solution around the all-dielectric optical cable, and the aqueous solution has a preset kinematic viscosity and a preset density so as to enable the all-dielectric optical cable to be suspended in the aqueous solution and improve the propelling force borne by the all-dielectric optical cable.
Under the condition of normal temperature (23 ℃), the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 20mm 2 /s～60mm 2 The density is between 1.03 and 1.1g/cm < 3 > per second.
The water lubricating layer can be continuously arranged or discontinuously arranged: for the condition of the continuously distributed water lubricating layer, the cross section of the water lubricating layer is circular and wraps the outer side of the sheath by 360 degrees, the radial thickness of the water lubricating layer is 5% -10% of the radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross section area of the water lubricating layer is 10% -15% of the cross section area of the sheath; for the condition of the water lubricating layers which are discontinuously distributed, a plurality of grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction of the sheath, the extending direction of each groove is consistent with the extending direction of the sheath, and one water lubricating layer is filled in each groove. The water lubricating layers are arranged in a central symmetry mode on the outer side of the sheath, the number of the water lubricating layers can be 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and the like, and accordingly, the central included angle between the water lubricating layers is believed to be 180 degrees, 90 degrees, 45 degrees, 22.5 degrees, 11.25 degrees and the like. The cross section of the water lubricating layer in each groove can be in an inverted cone shape, a long strip shape, an inverted trapezoid shape, a semicircular shape or a semi-elliptical shape.
In the water laying process, the propelling force borne by the all-dielectric optical cable is the difference value of the propelling force and the propelling resistance; wherein: the propelling power comprises the propelling force of water flow and the conveying force of equipment, wherein the propelling force of the water flow mainly comprises the friction force of a laid medium and a full-medium optical cable, the propelling resistance comprises the assisting force of the cable, the inner wall of a pipeline and solution, the assisting force mainly comes from the friction force of the pipe wall, the friction of the full medium and the pipe wall can damage a sheath, and the service life of the optical cable is shortened.
Through measurement, calculation and experiments, after the water lubricating layer is dissolved under the water laying condition, the density of the formed aqueous solution is matched with that of the all-dielectric optical cable after the water lubricating layer is dissolved, so that the all-dielectric optical cable is suspended in the aqueous solution, and the friction force from the bottom or the top of the laid pipeline is reduced. Compared with the method that only water is used as the laying medium, the density of the laying medium can be reduced or increased by the water lubricating layer adopted by the method, so that the density design of the all-medium optical cable is not limited by the water density any more, and the flexibility of the design is improved. Meanwhile, although the friction force from the bottom or the top of the laid pipeline is reduced as much as possible, the all-dielectric optical cable is inevitably subjected to the friction force from the side wall of the pipeline during the laying process because the pipeline is inevitably bent. To further reduce the friction from the side walls of the pipe, the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution can be adjusted to reduce the viscosity of the solution to some extent. However, the aqueous solution serves as a laying medium, which simultaneously provides a propelling force during the laying of the optical cable, and an excessive kinematic viscosity may lead to an insufficient propelling force. In the process of laying water in the all-dielectric optical cable, the friction force from the pipeline is propulsion resistance, and the friction force from the laying medium is propulsion power, namely the water solution after the water lubricating layer is dissolved. The invention adjusts the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution to be 20mm through experimental groping 2 /s～60mm 2 The/s, a balance is obtained between the friction resistance and the propulsion power, increasing the laying distance by 6km, even 10km. And the surface defects of the sheath, such as scratching and puncture, caused by friction with the inner wall of the pipeline are reduced.
The water lubricating layer can be manufactured at the same time of manufacturing the sheath, for example, a co-extrusion process can be adopted, and the processes of preparing the water lubricating layer and the sheath are simple; the water-lubricating layer can be formed on the outer side of the sheath by adopting a coating process, so that the cable is compatible with the existing all-dielectric optical cable, is more suitable for water laying and improves the laying distance. Preferably, the water-lubricating layer is prepared by extrusion from a co-extruder.
The melting temperature of the resin is 160-180 ℃, the extrusion temperature is 190-210 ℃, and the melting temperature and the extrusion temperature of a screw rod during co-extrusion with the sheath material are respectively matched; the solubility of the compound in water is 95-100 percent; the hydrophile-lipophile balance value HLB = 15-25. The complete dissolution time of the water lubricating layer at normal temperature (23 ℃) is 30-180 s, wherein the complete dissolution time is the shortest time for completely dissolving the resin of the water lubricating layer of the optical cable under the water laying condition and completely exposing the sheath layer covered by the resin, and the test can be carried out under the laying condition and the exposure condition of the sheath layer on the surface of the optical cable can be observed.
The water lubricating layer is in direct contact with the surface of the sheath in a long time from production to laying of the all-dielectric optical cable, the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) of the water lubricating layer is also an important factor influencing the stability of the optical cable, the material of the water lubricating layer is required to be different from that of the sheath, the sheath is required to be made of a water-insoluble material, the HLB is in a proper range, the water lubricating layer and the sheath are easy to separate in the processing process due to overhigh HLB, and the water lubricating layer is easy to peel off in the storage process, so that the water lubricating layer fails; HLB is too low, leads to the interpenetration between water lubrication layer and the sheath, and water lays the back, and the sheath is ageing deformation easily, influences life. The HLB is selected to be between 15 and 25, so that the adverse effect can be reduced, and the requirements of the all-dielectric optical cable in various aspects such as manufacture, storage, service life and the like can be met.
During experimental tests, the water-soluble fiber is dissolved timely and quickly to provide larger buoyancy and smaller friction, the complete dissolution time is controlled to be 30-180 s, and the laying limit distance of the optical cable for laying water can be effectively increased.
The water lubricating layer comprises the following resin components in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of cellulose acetate and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate.
In the all-dielectric optical cable water laying process, the optical cable can be finally in a suspension state, so that the friction force of the pipe wall to the optical cable is greatly reduced, the resistance is reduced, the optical cable is protected, and the water lubricating layer needs to be dissolved as soon as possible. The water lubricating layer is quickly dissolved in the pipeline, and the kinematic viscosity of the water solution is maintained in the range of providing effective lubrication in the whole process of the water laying process, so that the friction force between the sheath and the pipeline is reduced, the laying distance is prolonged, and the sheath is prevented from being damaged.
The polyethylene glycol, the polyvinyl alcohol and the cellulose acetate are respectively in a liquid state, a solid state and a liquid state at normal temperature, and the three are main factors for determining the dissolving time and the dissolving efficiency. The water lubricating layer is properly proportioned to ensure that the water lubricating layer is quickly dissolved, and simultaneously, the physical shape plasticity and the fluidity of the resin of the water lubricating layer are ensured, so that the water lubricating layer is suitable for the manufacturing process of coating or extrusion molding on one hand, and particularly, the water lubricating layer is matched with the extrusion melting temperature of a sheath material when being co-extruded and molded with the sheath. On the other hand, the utility model is not easy to deform and peel off during the storage and transportation process. Because the main components of the polyethylene glycol, the polyvinyl alcohol and the cellulose acetate in the water lubricating layer also mainly determine the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value, the dissolution speed, the shaping performance and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value of the water lubricating layer are simultaneously considered to determine the proportion of the three components. While sodium polyacrylate mainly influences the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution formed after the water lubricating layer is dissolved.
A water blocking tape, a non-metal reinforcing piece and a layer stranded optical core are arranged in a sheath of the all-dielectric optical cable, and the layer stranded optical core can be a colored optical cable or a ribbon cable.
When the layer stranded optical core is a ribbon cable, the number of optical fiber ribbons in the loose sleeve is 2-12, the number of optical fiber cores in the optical fiber ribbons is 4-12 f, the number of stranded parts formed by the loose sleeve and the optical fiber ribbons can be 4-12, and the number of optical fiber cores is 96-288 f.
The invention provides a laying method of an all-dielectric optical cable, which adopts water flow to lay the all-dielectric optical cable in a pipeline, the water flow speed is controlled to be between 40 and 50m/min, the water flow is controlled to be between 40 and 55L/min, and the water laying pressure is between 13 and 16bar. The water flow speed, the water flow and the water laying pressure influence the dissolving process of a water lubricating layer and influence the propelling power received by the all-dielectric optical cable, so that the water flow speed and the water flow are controlled to ensure that the water in the water laying process provides good propelling power.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, grooves are alternately arranged on the outer side of the sheath of the embodiment, a water lubricating layer is arranged in the grooves, and a layer-stranded optical core in the sheath adopts a common colored optical fiber.
The structure of the all-dielectric optical cable of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, the number of optical cable cores is 30, the number of twisted optical cables is 5, the number of optical fiber cores in each sleeve is 6, the water-soluble layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is MDPE, the water-blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose sleeve, the water-blocking filler v is factice, the optical fiber vi is a colored optical fiber, and the central reinforcing member vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layers are longitudinally continuous in the sheath and are alternately and symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the sheath as shown in figure 1, the number of the water lubricating layers is 8, and the interlayer central angle is 45 degrees; the cross section structure of the water lubricating layer is in an inverted trapezoid shape; the outer edge of the cross-sectional structure of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross-sectional structure and the inner wall of the sheath is 80% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross-sectional area of the water lubricating layer is 10% of the whole area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 18; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of polyethylene glycol, 70% of polyvinyl alcohol, 15% of cellulose acetate and 5% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding the mixture by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 160 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 200 ℃.
Wherein, the water-in lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released to the space between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, and the water-in lubricating layer and the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layerThe high-speed water flow in the pipeline is subjected to dissolution reaction to form an aqueous solution, the solubility is 96 percent, the complete dissolution time is 60s (23 ℃), and the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 23mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.3km, the long-distance pipeline has 4 turning corners, the turning angle of each turning corner is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 14bar, the water flow speed is 40m/min, the water flow rate is 45L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, grooves are alternately arranged on the outer side of the sheath of the embodiment, a water lubricating layer is arranged in the grooves, and a layer-stranded optical core in the sheath adopts a common colored optical fiber.
The structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 4, the number of optical cable cores is 72, the number of stranded pieces is 6, the number of optical fiber cores in each sleeve is 12, the water-soluble layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is HDPE, the water-blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose sleeve, the water-blocking filler v is a water-blocking yarn, the optical fiber vi is a colored optical fiber, and the central reinforcement vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layers and the sheath are longitudinally, continuously, alternately and symmetrically arranged as shown in fig. 4, the number of the water lubricating layers is 16, and the central angle between the strips is 22.5 degrees; the cross section structure of the water lubricating layer is in an inverted semicircle shape; the outer edge of the cross-sectional structure of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross-sectional structure and the inner wall of the sheath is 85% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross-sectional area of the water lubricating layer is 15% of the whole area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 20; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of polyethylene glycol, 72% of polyvinyl alcohol, 10% of cellulose acetate and 3% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding the mixture by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 170 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 190 ℃.
Wherein, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer at water laying in-process directional release to between sheath and pipeline inner wall, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer and the pipeline high-speed rivers take place the dissolution reaction and form aqueous solution, the solubility is 98%, complete dissolution time is 45s (23 ℃), the kinematic viscosity of aqueous solution is 26mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.5km, the long-distance pipeline has 6 turns, the turning angle of each turn is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 16bar, the water flow speed is 45m/min, the water flow rate is 50L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 5, grooves are alternately arranged on the outer side of the sheath of the embodiment, the water lubricating layer is arranged in the grooves, and the layer-stranded optical core in the sheath adopts an optical fiber ribbon.
The structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 5, the number of optical cable cores is 120, the number of stranded pieces is 5, the number of optical fiber ribbons in each loose tube is 2, optical fibers in the optical fiber ribbons is 12f, the water-soluble lubricating layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is MDPE, the water blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose tube, the sleeve v is an optical fiber ribbon, the water blocking filler vi is factice, and the central reinforcing member vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layers are longitudinally, continuously, alternately and symmetrically arranged with the sheath as shown in fig. 5, the number of the water lubricating layers is 8, and the central angle between the strips is 45 degrees; the cross section structure of the water lubricating layer is in an inverted trapezoid shape; the outer edge of the cross-sectional structure of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross-sectional structure and the inner wall of the sheath is 82% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross-sectional area of the water lubricating layer is 11% of the whole area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 17; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12% of polyethylene glycol, 72% of polyvinyl alcohol, 13% of cellulose acetate and 3% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding the mixture by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 170 ℃, and the extrusion temperature of a machine head is 210 ℃.
Wherein, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer at water laying in-process directional release to between sheath and pipeline inner wall, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer and the pipeline high-speed rivers take place the dissolution reaction and form aqueous solution, the solubility is 97%, complete dissolution time is 50s (23 ℃), the kinematic viscosity of aqueous solution is 25mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.5km, the long-distance pipeline has 4 turns, the turning angle of each turn is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 15bar, the water flow speed is 41m/min, the water flow rate is 44L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 6, grooves are alternately arranged on the outer side of the sheath of this embodiment, the water lubricating layer is arranged in the grooves, and the layer-stranded optical core in the sheath adopts an optical fiber ribbon.
The structure of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 6, the number of the optical cable cores is 288, the number of the stranded pieces is 6, the number of the optical fiber ribbons in the loose tube is 4, the optical fibers in the optical fiber ribbon are 12f, the water-soluble resin layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is HDPE, the water-blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose tube, the v is an optical fiber ribbon, the water-blocking filler vi is water-blocking powder, and the central reinforcing member vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layers are longitudinally, continuously, alternately and symmetrically arranged with the sheath as shown in fig. 6, the number of the water lubricating layers is 16, and the central angle between the strips is 22.5 degrees; the cross section structure of the water lubricating layer is in an inverted semicircle shape; the outer edge of the cross-sectional structure of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross-sectional structure and the inner wall of the sheath is 86% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross-sectional area of the water lubricating layer is 16% of the whole area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 21; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of polyethylene glycol, 71% of polyvinyl alcohol, 10% of cellulose acetate and 4% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding the mixture by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 160 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 190 ℃.
The water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released to a position between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer and high-speed water flow in the pipeline are subjected to dissolution reaction to form an aqueous solution, the solubility is 98%, the complete dissolution time is 53s (23 ℃), and the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 27mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.6km, the long-distance pipeline has 6 turning positions, the turning angle of each turning position is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 16bar, the water flow speed is 44m/min, the water flow rate is 51L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 7, the outer side of the sheath of this embodiment is wrapped by a water lubricating layer in 360 °, and the stranded optical core in the sheath is made of a common colored optical fiber.
The structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 7, the number of optical cable cores is 30, the number of twisted pieces is 5, the number of optical fiber cores in each sleeve is 6, the water-soluble lubricating layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is MDPE, the water-blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose sleeve, the water-blocking filler v is ointment, the optical fiber vi is a colored optical fiber, and the central reinforcement vii is GRP.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is shown in figure 7 and is longitudinally and continuously arranged with the sheath; the water lubricating layer is positioned on the outer side of the section of the sheath; the thickness of the water lubrication layer is 5% of the thickness of the section of the sheath, and the section area of the water lubrication layer is 10% of the whole section area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 20; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of polyethylene glycol, 60% of polyvinyl alcohol, 15% of cellulose acetate and 5% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding the mixture by a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 170 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 190 ℃.
Wherein, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer at water laying in-process directional release to between sheath and pipeline inner wall, among the water lubrication layer normal water lubrication layer and the pipeline high-speed rivers take place the dissolution reaction and form aqueous solution, the solubility is 97%, complete dissolution time is 50s (23 ℃), the kinematic viscosity of aqueous solution is 33mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.4km, the long-distance pipeline has 4 turns, the turning angle of each turn is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 13bar, the water flow speed is 39m/min, the water flow rate is 42L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 8, the water lubricating layer is wrapped outside the sheath for 360 degrees, and the layer-stranded optical core in the sheath adopts a common colored optical fiber.
The structure of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 8, the number of optical cable cores is 72, the number of twisted pieces is 6, the number of optical fiber cores in a sleeve is 12, the water-soluble layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is HDPE, the water-blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose sleeve, the water-blocking filler v is a water-blocking yarn, the optical fiber vi is a colored optical fiber, and the central reinforcement vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layer is as shown in fig. 8 and is longitudinally and continuously arranged with the sheath, and the water lubricating layer is positioned on the outer side of the section of the sheath; the thickness of the water lubrication layer is 7% of the thickness of the section of the sheath, and the section area of the water lubrication layer is 15% of the whole section area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 19; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20% of polyethylene glycol, 62% of polyvinyl alcohol, 16% of cellulose acetate and 2% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding through a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 190 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 200 ℃.
The water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released to a position between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer and high-speed water flow in the pipeline are subjected to dissolution reaction to form an aqueous solution, the solubility is 96%, the complete dissolution time is 45s (23 ℃), and the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 36mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.7km, the long-distance pipeline has 6 turns, the turning angle of each turn is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 14bar, the water flow speed is 43m/min, the water flow rate is 49L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 9, the water lubricating layer is wrapped outside the sheath for 360 degrees in the embodiment, and the optical fiber ribbon is adopted as the layer-stranded optical core in the sheath.
The structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 9, the number of optical cable cores is 120, the number of stranded pieces is 5, the number of optical fiber ribbons in a loose tube is 2, optical fibers in the optical fiber ribbons is 12f, the water-soluble lubricating layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is MDPE, the water blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose tube, the sleeve v is an optical fiber ribbon, the water blocking filler vi is water blocking powder, and the central reinforcement vii is GRP.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is shown in figure 9 and is longitudinally and continuously arranged with the sheath; the water lubricating layer is positioned on the outer side of the section of the sheath; the thickness of the water lubricating layer is 5% of the thickness of the section of the sheath, and the section area of the water lubricating layer is 10% of the whole section area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 21; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 16% of polyethylene glycol, 69% of polyvinyl alcohol, 10% of cellulose acetate and 5% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding through a co-extruder, wherein the melting temperature of a screw is 170 ℃, and the extrusion temperature of a machine head is 190 ℃.
Wherein, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released to the space between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer and high-speed water flow in the pipeline are subjected to dissolution reaction to form aqueous solution, the solubility is 97%, the complete dissolution time is 50s (23 ℃), and the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 32mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.3km, the long-distance pipeline has 4 turning corners, the turning angle of each turning corner is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 14bar, the water flow speed is 39m/min, the water flow rate is 43L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
Example 8
Referring to fig. 10, the water lubricating layer is wrapped outside the sheath for 360 degrees, and the optical fiber ribbon is adopted as the layer-stranded optical core in the sheath.
The structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 10, the number of the optical cable cores is 288, the number of the stranded pieces is 6, the number of the optical fiber ribbons in the loose tube is 4, the optical fibers in the optical fiber ribbon is 12f, the water lubricating layer i is water-soluble resin, the sheath ii is HDPE, the water blocking tape iii is a sodium polyacrylate coating tape, the sleeve iv is a PBT loose tube, the v is an optical fiber ribbon, the water blocking filler vi is water blocking powder, and the central reinforcing member vii is GRP.
The water lubricating layer is as shown in fig. 10 and is longitudinally and continuously arranged with the sheath, and the water lubricating layer is positioned on the outer side of the section of the sheath; the thickness of the water lubrication layer is 7% of the thickness of the section of the sheath, and the section area of the water lubrication layer is 15% of the whole section area of the sheath.
Wherein the water lubricating layer is water-soluble resin, the resin material is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate and sodium polyacrylate, and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of the resin mixture is 22; the water lubricating layer mixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of polyethylene glycol, 67% of polyvinyl alcohol, 13% of cellulose acetate and 5% of sodium polyacrylate; the water lubricating layer mixture is prepared by extruding through a co-extruder, the melting temperature of a screw is 180 ℃, and the extruding temperature of a machine head is 190 ℃.
Wherein, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer is directionally released to the space between the sheath and the inner wall of the pipeline in the water laying process, the water lubricating layer in the water lubricating layer and high-speed water flow in the pipeline are subjected to dissolution reaction to form aqueous solution, the solubility is 97%, the complete dissolution time is 45s (23 ℃), and the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 37mm 2 /s。
The laying distance of the all-dielectric optical cable in the long-distance pipeline is 6.6km, the long-distance pipeline has 6 turning positions, the turning angle of each turning position is 135 degrees, the water laying pressure is 15bar, the water flow speed is 42m/min, the water flow rate is 49L/min, the water laying pipeline is a silicon core pipe, and the pipe diameter is 40/33mm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, since various modifications, substitutions and improvements within the spirit and scope of the invention are possible and within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An all-dielectric optical cable comprises a sheath, and is characterized in that a water lubricating layer made of resin is arranged on the outer surface of the sheath, and the resin adopted by the water lubricating layer is different from the resin adopted by the sheath;
the water lubricating layer is water-soluble so as to be dissolved in water when the all-dielectric optical cable is laid with water to form an aqueous solution around the all-dielectric optical cable, and the aqueous solution has a preset kinematic viscosity and a preset density so as to enable the all-dielectric optical cable to be suspended in the aqueous solution and improve the propelling force borne by the all-dielectric optical cable;
the kinematic viscosity of the aqueous solution is 20mm 2 /s～60mm 2 The density is between 1.03 and 1.1g/cm 3 。
2. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the water-lubricated layer has a complete dissolution time of 30s to 180s at room temperature.
3. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance HLB of the resin used in the water-lubricating layer is 15 to 25.
4. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the solubility of the resin used in the water-lubricated layer in water is 95% to 100%.
5. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the resin used in the water-lubricated layer comprises one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, and sodium polyacrylate.
6. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the water-lubricated layer comprises the following resin components in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 4-7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of cellulose acetate and 0.1-0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate.
7. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the water-lubricated layer is prepared by extrusion from a co-extruder, the melting temperature of a screw of the co-extruder is 160 ℃ to 180 ℃, and the extrusion temperature of a head of the co-extruder is 190 ℃ to 210 ℃.
8. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the water lubricating layer is circular and wraps the outer side of the sheath by 360 degrees, the radial thickness of the water lubricating layer is 5% -10% of the radial thickness of the sheath, and the cross section area of the water lubricating layer is 10% -15% of the cross section area of the sheath; or
The water lubricating layer is filled in each groove.
9. The all-dielectric optical cable according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the sheath, the extending direction of each groove is consistent with the extending direction of the sheath, and one water lubricating layer is filled in each groove; the outer edge of the cross section of the water lubricating layer is flush with the outer edge of the cross section of the sheath, the distance between the inner edge of the cross section of the water lubricating layer and the inner wall of the sheath is 50% -90% of the maximum radial thickness of the sheath, and the area of the cross section of the water lubricating layer is 5% -20% of the area of the cross section of the sheath.
10. The laying method of the all-dielectric optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the all-dielectric optical cable is laid in a pipeline by adopting water flow, the water flow speed is controlled to be between 40m/min and 50m/min, the water flow is controlled to be between 40L/min and 55L/min, and the water laying pressure is between 13bar and 16bar.
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