CN113916793A - Non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method and system based on sparse array excitation - Google Patents

Non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method and system based on sparse array excitation Download PDF

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CN113916793A
CN113916793A CN202111111081.9A CN202111111081A CN113916793A CN 113916793 A CN113916793 A CN 113916793A CN 202111111081 A CN202111111081 A CN 202111111081A CN 113916793 A CN113916793 A CN 113916793A
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CN113916793B (en
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洪晓斌
黄刘伟
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
    • G01N2021/1706—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids in solids

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method and a system based on sparse array excitation, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: randomly generating a measurement matrix, performing laser sparse array excitation, and obtaining an observation matrix, wherein each observation value in the observation matrix corresponds to the inner product of a row of vectors of the measurement matrix and all pixel points of a frame of original wave field image, and the row of vectors of the measurement matrix represents one-time laser sparse array excitation; performing wave field sparse reconstruction on the measurement signal, and sequentially selecting column observation vectors in the observation matrix to perform wave field sparse reconstruction to obtain a reconstructed image of an original wave field; and after a reconstructed original wave field reconstruction image is obtained, performing wave field damage imaging based on the Pasteur distance. The invention can reduce the scanning excitation times and reduce the detection error caused by position error and vibration in scanning by a data processing method of compressed sensing.

Description

Non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method and system based on sparse array excitation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method and system based on sparse array excitation.
Background
The ultrasonic guided wave has different reflection signals (echo) when meeting different interfaces during the component transmission, and by utilizing the characteristic, the laser ultrasonic guided wave field image of the test piece can be obtained by scanning and detecting the laser test piece, thereby realizing the detection of the micro-defects on the surface and inside of the sample.
The laser ultrasonic scanning detection can realize damage visualization, and is rapidly popularized in the fields of laser ultrasonic nondestructive detection and structural health management. However, the laser scanning time is very long, especially for scanning large structures, which has attracted the attention of many researchers. An accelerated laser scanning technology based on concepts of a two-stage scanning strategy, binary search and the like is introduced into laser scanning to reduce scanning points and scanning time to realize propagation visualization of a laser ultrasonic wave field. However, these methods increase the detection speed by reducing the number of detection points, which will reduce the ability to detect damage. The compressed sensing method can sample the signal at a sampling frequency far lower than the Nyquist sampling rate, and recover the original high-dimensional signal from the low-dimensional sampling data, so that the number of sampling points is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, in scanning detection, the movement of the scanning frame can bring vibration, and the noise of a detection signal is increased; the stepping error of the scanning frame in the detection can also cause the position error of the imaging point, and the wave field imaging quality is reduced. Therefore, how to realize the scanning speed acceleration and ensure the detection precision is very important for the in-service detection application of the laser ultrasound.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation, and aims to provide a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system based on sparse array excitation, which realizes rapid detection of laser scanning based on compressed sensing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation, which comprises the following steps of:
randomly generating a measurement matrix, performing laser sparse array excitation, and obtaining an observation matrix, wherein each observation value in the observation matrix corresponds to the inner product of a row of vectors of the measurement matrix and all pixel points of a frame of original wave field image, and the row of vectors of the measurement matrix represents one-time laser sparse array excitation;
performing wave field sparse reconstruction on the measurement signal, and sequentially selecting column observation vectors in the observation matrix to perform wave field sparse reconstruction to obtain a reconstructed image of an original wave field;
and after a reconstructed original wave field reconstruction image is obtained, performing wave field damage imaging based on the Pasteur distance.
As a preferred technical solution, the acquiring of the observation matrix specifically includes:
and converting the two-dimensional original wave field image matrix signals into vectors to obtain an original wave field signal matrix, and compressing each frame of original wave field image signals through a measurement matrix to obtain an observation matrix.
As a preferred technical solution, the value of the measurement matrix is composed of 0 and 1, where a value 1 represents that a corresponding pixel in the original wave field image has an excitation signal, and a value 0 represents that a corresponding pixel in the original wave field image has no excitation signal.
As an optimal technical scheme, the number of rows and columns of the measuring matrix is determined by calculation according to the total number of points of the laser excitation array and the sampling sparsity.
As a preferred technical scheme, the column observation vectors in the observation matrix are sequentially selected for wave field sparse reconstruction, specifically, L1 norm minimization is adopted for the column observation vectors in the observation matrix for wave field sparse reconstruction, and an objective function of the wave field sparse reconstruction is represented as:
argmin||x||1subject to||y-Φx||2≤ε
where ε represents the amount of noise in the constraint data, | x | | luminance1L representing a reconstruction matrix x1Norm, | | y- Φ x | | luminance2L represents y- Φ x2Norm, y-phi x represents the error of the column vector in the observation matrix, phi represents the measurement matrix;
and carrying out iterative solution on the reconstruction matrix, outputting an approximate solution of the original wave field image matrix when the preset iteration times are reached, and converting the approximate solution of the original wave field image matrix into a picture format to obtain a reconstructed image of the original wave field.
As a preferred technical scheme, the performing wave field damage imaging based on the babbitt distance specifically comprises the following steps:
and sequentially calculating the signal difference value of each scanning point and the peripheral reference scanning points, determining the damage position according to the difference value of the scanning points and the reference scanning points, and performing wave field damage imaging.
The invention also provides a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system based on sparse array excitation, which comprises: the device comprises an excitation laser, a light splitter, a laser excitation array probe, a laser excitation array controller, a laser detector, a laser detection probe and a computer;
the excitation laser is connected with a plurality of optical splitters, the optical splitters divide excitation signals into multiple paths and correspondingly insert the multiple paths into the probe holes of the laser excitation array;
the excitation laser is respectively connected with the laser excitation array controller and the laser detector through signal synchronization lines and is used for synchronously transmitting excitation signals to the laser excitation array controller and the laser detector;
the laser excitation array controller is connected with the laser excitation array probe and is used for controlling the laser excitation array to excite a sparse array laser signal;
the laser detector is connected with the laser detection probe and used for detecting laser signals, the laser detector is connected with the computer, the computer receives the detection signals and is used for executing the non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation, and the pipeline to be detected is imaged through a damage imaging method.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the laser excitation array probe comprises a plurality of paths of single-path probes, each single-path probe comprises a side baffle, a laser probe, an electromagnet, a movable front baffle and a supporting platform, the side baffles are arranged on two sides of the electromagnet and used for bearing the fixed electromagnet, the movable front baffle is arranged corresponding to the electromagnet and arranged above the supporting platform, the movable front baffle is lifted when the electromagnet is electrified and used for shielding the laser probe, and the movable front baffle falls onto the supporting platform when the electromagnet is powered off;
the laser excitation array controller presets that the electrifying sequence of each electromagnet in the laser excitation array is the same as that of the measurement matrix, and controls the laser excitation array to excite the sparse array laser signals.
As a preferred technical scheme, a vector of one row of the measurement matrix represents one-time excitation, a value of 0 represents that a corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in a power-on state, and a value of 1 represents that a corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in a power-off state;
when the excitation laser is excited, a signal synchronization line is adopted to transmit signals to the signal controller and the laser detector, the front baffle of the laser excitation probe is controlled to rise and fall, the sparse array excitation is realized, and the laser detector is controlled to collect signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) aiming at the problems that laser scanning detection needs to be performed point by point scanning, position errors and vibration errors exist, and scanning speed and detection precision are mutually restricted, the scanning excitation times can be reduced and detection errors caused by the position errors and the vibration in the scanning process can be reduced by the designed array laser probe and the compressed sensing data processing method.
(2) The laser excitation array probe designed by the invention can realize sparse array laser excitation, meets the excitation requirement of the detection system, realizes the reduction of scanning times, and simultaneously reduces the detection error caused by position error and vibration in scanning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fast sparse detection according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the scanning process of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional model diagram of the copper pipe according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of wave field reconstruction and damage imaging of the copper pipeline according to the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural framework diagram of a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system based on sparse array excitation according to the present embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the laser excitation array probe according to the embodiment.
The system comprises a laser 1, an excitation laser 2, a beam splitter 3, a laser excitation array probe 4, a signal synchronization line 5, a laser excitation array controller 6, a laser detector 7, a laser detection probe 8, a computer 9, a side baffle 9, a laser probe 10, an electromagnet 11, a movable front baffle 12 and a pallet 13.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation, including the following steps:
s1: randomly generating a measurement matrix phi, carrying out laser sparse array excitation, and obtaining an observation matrix Y;
as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the fast scanning imaging of laser ultrasound is realized through the idea of sparse reconstruction, where the sparse reconstruction is: the original wave field signal matrix is formed by combining each pixel point, the total number of the pixel points in the original wave field image is N, the length of a time domain signal collected by each pixel point is k, namely the time domain signal represents a total k frames of original wave field image, after two-dimensional original wave field image matrix signals are converted into vectors, an original wave field signal matrix X can be obtained[N×k]Then sequentially passes through the measurement matrix phi[M×N](M<N) compressing each frame of original wave field image signal to obtain an observation matrix Y[M×k]. Each observation value in the observation matrix corresponds to the inner product of a row of vectors of the measurement matrix and all pixel points of a frame of original wave field image. For one frame of image, the original wave field image is measured by a measuring matrixCompression is performed, the formula is as follows:
y[M×1]＝Φ[M×N]x[N×1] (1)
in the formula, M is N × a, and a represents the sampling sparsity. The physical meaning of a row vector of the measurement matrix represents one laser sparse array excitation. The value of the measurement matrix is only 0 and 1, wherein the value 1 represents that the corresponding pixel point in the original wave field image has the excitation signal, and the value 0 represents that the corresponding pixel point in the original wave field image has no excitation signal. Measurement matrix phi[M×N]The specific numerical values of the number of rows and the number of columns are determined according to the total number of points of the laser excitation array and the sampling sparsity a, and the numerical values in the measurement matrix are randomly generated. The detection times of laser ultrasonic scanning can be reduced by the measurement matrix phi. In this embodiment, the sampling sparsity a is preferably 0.6, the number of pixel points in the original wave field image is 225(15 × 15), and the measurement matrix Φ only with 0 and 1 is generated[135×225]。
As described above, after M times of sampling, the observation matrix Y can be obtained[M×k]Where k represents the time domain length of the laser acquisition signal, the time domain length k of the original wave field obtained by simulation in this embodiment is 1000, so that the observation matrix Y is obtained[135×1000]；
S2: carrying out wave field sparse reconstruction on the measurement signal to obtain a reconstructed image of an original wave field;
followed by observation of the matrix Y[135×1000]Obtaining a reconstructed wave field image matrix signal X[255×1000]. In particular to sequentially taking the column observation vector y therein[M×1]And performing wave field sparse reconstruction by adopting L1 norm minimization, wherein the reconstructed objective function is as follows:
argmin||x||1subject to y＝Φx (2)
introducing a constraint parameter epsilon transformation formula to obtain the following formula:
argmin||x||1subject to||y-Φx||2≤ε (3)
wherein ε limits the amount of noise in the data, | | x | | non-calculation1Is l of x1Norm, | | y- Φ x | | luminance2Is l of (y- Φ x)2And (4) norm. Then, the reconstruction matrix is alignedAnd x is subjected to iterative solution, and the original model formula (3) is changed into the following problem:
Figure BDA0003270173680000061
wherein λ>0 is a regularization parameter. Order to
Figure BDA0003270173680000062
g(x)＝||x||1Then, then
Figure BDA0003270173680000063
For the formula to be expanded by lagrange multiplier and to be approximated twice, the formula (5) can be transformed as follows:
Figure BDA0003270173680000064
wherein alpha is(k)＝(x(k)-y)T+λ||x(k)||1，
Figure BDA0003270173680000065
k represents the number of iterations;
the judgment formula of convergence is shown in a formula (7), and when the formula (7) is established or reaches the set iteration times, the iteration is ended;
|x(k+1)-x(k)|<θ (7)
through iteration, an approximate solution X of the original wave field image matrix can be obtained[225×1000]Then converting it into picture format F[15×15×1000]And realizing the reconstruction of the original wave field image to obtain the reconstructed image of the original wave field.
S3: damage imaging by reconstructed wavefield images
After a reconstructed original wave field reconstruction image is obtained, performing wave field damage imaging based on the Pasteur distance: as shown in fig. 3, the method calculates the signal difference between each scanning point and the 8 surrounding reference scanning points in turn (except for the edge point of the target scanning area), and the calculation formula of the babbit distance is as follows:
Figure BDA0003270173680000071
Figure BDA0003270173680000072
wherein X and Y vectors represent the time domain signals of the scanning point and the reference scanning point, respectively, PXAnd PYThe variances of the X and Y vectors, respectively. When the selected scanning point is in the normal area, the difference value between the scanning point and the reference scanning point is smaller; when the scanning point is at the damage position, the difference is large, and the damage position can be determined according to the difference value of the scanning point and the reference scanning point.
Next, the effectiveness of the method of the present invention is demonstrated by the laser excitation simulation signal of the copper pipe.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a copper pipeline simulation model is taken as an example, laser excitation simulation and damage detection are performed, the size of a pipeline to be detected is 60 × 65 × 1mm, and only a pipeline simulation model of 90 ° is established to improve simulation efficiency; in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the method, a normal pipeline, a 3 multiplied by 0.5mm crack damage copper pipe and a 4 multiplied by 0.8mm corrosion damage copper pipe model are established, the scanning area (detection area) is 15 multiplied by 15mm, and the copper pipe model containing the crack damage and the corrosion damage and the excitation scanning position are included. The establishment of the copper tube model and the simulation of the laser excitation simulation are completed by using commercial software ABAQUS, the simulated grid size is 0.2mm, and the time interval is 2 x 10-7s, simulation time length of 20 mus, simulated laser excitation radius of 0.5mm, and laser pulse width of 8 ns.
As shown in fig. 5, the reconstructed image and the damage image of the crack damaged pipe and the corrosion damaged pipe are shown. The dotted line frame in the figure is the damage position, and the reconstructed image randomly selects a time point for displaying, so that the reconstructed image has an unobvious damage display effect, and a good damage imaging result is obtained after the damage imaging is performed through the Bhattacharyya distance.
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment further provides a system for detecting non-contact laser ultrasonic damage based on sparse array excitation, including: the device comprises an excitation laser 1, a light splitter 2, a laser excitation array probe 3, a signal synchronization line 4, a laser excitation array controller 5, a laser detector 6, a laser detection probe 7 and a computer 8; the connection mode is as follows: the excitation laser 1 transmits laser through optical fibers, excitation signals are divided into multiple paths through the optical splitters 2 and are correspondingly inserted into probe holes of the laser excitation array, the excitation laser 1 is respectively connected with the laser excitation array controller 5 and the laser detector 6 through signal synchronization lines 4, the laser excitation array controller 5 is connected with the laser excitation array probe 3 through control lines, and the laser detector 6 is connected with the laser detection probe 7 through optical fibers and is connected with the computer 8 through signal transmission lines.
The system detection step comprises: the excitation laser 1 excites a laser signal, and transmits a plurality of paths of laser signals to the laser excitation array probe 3 through the optical fiber and the optical splitter 2. In this embodiment, the excitation laser excites a laser signal, energy is transmitted through an optical fiber, and is halved by 255 optical splitters 2, first 1 optical splitter is used to equally divide the laser emitted from the excitation laser into 2 paths of laser with the same energy, and then 2 optical splitters are used to equally divide the laser emitted from the excitation laser into 4 paths of laser with the same energy, and so on. The laser emitted by the excitation laser is divided into 256 paths of laser with the same energy. Multiple laser simultaneous excitation is achieved, wherein 225 lasers are placed in a 15 x 15 laser excitation array probe, and redundant laser paths are closed.
Meanwhile, the excitation laser transmits excitation time information to the laser excitation array controller 5 through the signal synchronization line 4, as shown in fig. 7, the laser excitation array probe comprises a single-path probe with 15 × 15 paths, the single-path probe comprises a side baffle 9, a laser probe 10, an electromagnet 11, a movable front baffle 12 and a pallet 13, and the electromagnet 11 is controlled to be switched on and off by the laser excitation array controller 5 through a conducting wire. When the electromagnet is powered off, the movable front baffle 12 falls on the supporting platform 13 under the influence of gravity, and a laser signal emitted by the laser probe is excited to the copper pipe; when the electromagnet is electrified, the movable front baffle rises, and the laser signal is not excited on the copper pipe. The laser excitation array controller 5 is preset with the same electrifying sequence of each electromagnet in the laser excitation array as the measurement matrix, wherein the vector of one row of the measurement matrix represents one-time excitation, the value 0 represents that the corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in an electrifying state, and the value 1 represents that the corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in a power-off state. And the laser excitation array controller 5 controls the laser excitation array to excite the sparse array laser signals. When the excitation laser is excited, the signal synchronization line transmits a signal to the signal controller and the laser detector, controls the front baffle of the laser excitation probe to rise and fall, realizes sparse array excitation, and controls the laser detector to collect the signal.
The laser detector receives the detection signal through the laser detection probe 7, transmits the detection signal to the computer 8, can obtain an observation matrix Y after M times of acquisition, can obtain a reconstructed wave field signal through the observation matrix through the laser ultrasonic damage detection method designed by the invention, and finally images the copper pipeline through the damage imaging method.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method based on sparse array excitation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
randomly generating a measurement matrix, performing laser sparse array excitation, and obtaining an observation matrix, wherein each observation value in the observation matrix corresponds to the inner product of a row of vectors of the measurement matrix and all pixel points of a frame of original wave field image, and the row of vectors of the measurement matrix represents one-time laser sparse array excitation;
performing wave field sparse reconstruction on the measurement signal, and sequentially selecting column observation vectors in the observation matrix to perform wave field sparse reconstruction to obtain a reconstructed image of an original wave field;
and after a reconstructed original wave field reconstruction image is obtained, performing wave field damage imaging based on the Pasteur distance.
2. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring of the observation matrix comprises the following specific steps:
and converting the two-dimensional original wave field image matrix signals into vectors to obtain an original wave field signal matrix, and compressing each frame of original wave field image signals through a measurement matrix to obtain an observation matrix.
3. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method of claim 1, wherein the value of the measurement matrix is composed of 0 and 1, wherein a value of 1 represents that the corresponding pixel point in the original wave field image has the excitation signal, and a value of 0 represents that the corresponding pixel point in the original wave field image has no excitation signal.
4. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method according to claim 1, wherein the number of rows and columns of the measurement matrix is determined by calculation according to the total number of points and sampling sparsity of the laser excitation array.
5. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method of claim 1, wherein the row observation vectors in the observation matrix are sequentially selected for wave field sparse reconstruction, specifically, the row observation vectors in the observation matrix are subjected to wave field sparse reconstruction by adopting L1 norm minimization, and an objective function of the wave field sparse reconstruction is represented as:
argmin||x||1subject to||y-Φx||2≤ε
where ε represents the amount of noise in the constraint data, | x | | luminance1L representing a reconstruction matrix x1Norm, | | y- Φ x | | luminance2L represents y- Φ x2Norm, y-phi x represents the error of the column vector in the observation matrix, phi represents the measurement matrix;
and carrying out iterative solution on the reconstruction matrix, outputting an approximate solution of the original wave field image matrix when the preset iteration times are reached, and converting the approximate solution of the original wave field image matrix into a picture format to obtain a reconstructed image of the original wave field.
6. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method of claim 1, wherein the wave field damage imaging is performed based on the babbitt distance, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
and sequentially calculating the signal difference value of each scanning point and the peripheral reference scanning points, determining the damage position according to the difference value of the scanning points and the reference scanning points, and performing wave field damage imaging.
7. A non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system based on sparse array excitation is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an excitation laser, a light splitter, a laser excitation array probe, a laser excitation array controller, a laser detector, a laser detection probe and a computer;
the excitation laser is connected with a plurality of optical splitters, the optical splitters divide excitation signals into multiple paths and correspondingly insert the multiple paths into the probe holes of the laser excitation array;
the excitation laser is respectively connected with the laser excitation array controller and the laser detector through signal synchronization lines and is used for synchronously transmitting excitation signals to the laser excitation array controller and the laser detector;
the laser excitation array controller is connected with the laser excitation array probe and is used for controlling the laser excitation array to excite a sparse array laser signal;
the laser detector is connected with the laser detection probe and used for detecting laser signals, the laser detector is connected with the computer, the computer receives the detection signals and is used for executing the sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and a pipeline to be detected is imaged through a damage imaging method.
8. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system according to claim 7, wherein the laser excitation array probe comprises a plurality of paths of single-path probes, each single-path probe comprises a side baffle, a laser probe, an electromagnet, a movable front baffle and a supporting platform, the side baffles are arranged on two sides of the electromagnet and used for bearing and fixing the electromagnet, the movable front baffle is arranged corresponding to the electromagnet and arranged above the supporting platform, the movable front baffle is lifted when the electromagnet is used for shielding the laser probe, and the movable front baffle falls onto the supporting platform when the electromagnet is powered off;
the laser excitation array controller presets that the electrifying sequence of each electromagnet in the laser excitation array is the same as that of the measurement matrix, and controls the laser excitation array to excite the sparse array laser signals.
9. The sparse array excitation-based non-contact laser ultrasonic damage detection system of claim 7, wherein a vector of one row of the measurement matrix represents one excitation, a value of 0 represents that the corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in a powered-on state, and a value of 1 represents that the corresponding laser excitation probe electromagnet is in a powered-off state;
when the excitation laser is excited, a signal synchronization line is adopted to transmit signals to the signal controller and the laser detector, the front baffle of the laser excitation probe is controlled to rise and fall, the sparse array excitation is realized, and the laser detector is controlled to collect signals.
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