CN113916672B - Pressure test device for surrounding rock support of cavern - Google Patents
Pressure test device for surrounding rock support of cavern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113916672B CN113916672B CN202111181338.8A CN202111181338A CN113916672B CN 113916672 B CN113916672 B CN 113916672B CN 202111181338 A CN202111181338 A CN 202111181338A CN 113916672 B CN113916672 B CN 113916672B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
The application relates to a pressure test device is strutted to wall rock in hole, including wall rock analogue test case, supporting structure, mounting bracket and piece of exerting pressure, offered the hole on the wall rock analogue test case, supporting structure sets up in the hole and supports the hole roof, wall rock analogue test case and the equal fixed mounting of piece of exerting pressure are on the mounting bracket, and the piece of exerting pressure is located wall rock analogue test case top, supporting structure includes the base, the bracing piece, supporting component and is used for driving the driving piece that the bracing piece reciprocated, the driving piece is installed on the base, the one end of bracing piece is installed on the driving piece, the other end and the supporting component fixed connection of bracing piece. The utility model provides a pressure test device is strutted to chamber surrounding rock can be according to the size of chamber through driving piece regulation bracing piece reciprocates when using, and then adjusts supporting component and reciprocate for supporting component can support on the roof of not equidimension chamber. The pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the grotto has wide application range and good practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of supporting rock surrounding in a cavity, in particular to a pressure test device for supporting rock surrounding in the cavity.
Background
The surrounding rock of the cavity refers to a certain range of rock mass around the underground cavity, which is deformed and stress redistributed due to underground partial excavation, or the rock mass around the cavity, which has influenced stability. The large underground cavern of the hydropower engineering is one of the most complex system engineering, and the stability of surrounding rock in the construction period is always a difficulty and a hot spot which are concerned in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering, and is also a problem that engineering workers must pay high attention. Due to the difference of geological conditions, great engineering geological problems such as rock burst, soft rock large deformation and the like are easy to occur during construction of the surrounding rock of the cavern, and the safety, the progress and the quality of the construction of the underground cavern are directly related. In construction, a supporting structure is generally established to support surrounding rocks of a cavity so as to ensure the safety of construction while excavating the cavity. The simulation pressure test is carried out on the surrounding rock support of the chamber through the test device before construction, so that the problems possibly encountered during construction can be found in advance, and a coping construction scheme is made. The utility model provides a chamber surrounding rock supporting pressure test device among the prior art is usually including the surrounding rock simulation test case, be used for exerting the pressure to the surrounding rock simulation test case and exert pressure piece and supporting construction, has seted up the chamber on the surrounding rock simulation test case, supporting construction sets up in the chamber and supports the chamber roof. The supporting structure comprises a base, a supporting rod and a supporting plate, wherein the base is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the cavity, one end of the supporting rod is fixed on the base, the supporting plate is fixed at the other end of the supporting rod, and the supporting plate is supported at the top wall of the cavity.
The problem that the pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the cavity in the prior art has is that the support structure is of a fixed design, cannot be adjusted, and has small application range and poor practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the technical problems of small application range and poor practicality of the pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the cavern in the prior art, the application provides the pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the cavern.
The application provides a grotto surrounding rock support pressure test device adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a grotto surrounding rock supporting pressure test device, includes surrounding rock simulation test case, supporting structure, mounting bracket and is used for exerting the piece of exerting pressure to the surrounding rock simulation test case, has offered the grotto on the surrounding rock simulation test case, and supporting structure sets up in the grotto and supports the grotto roof, surrounding rock simulation test case and the equal fixed mounting of piece of exerting pressure are on the mounting bracket, and exert pressure the piece and be located surrounding rock simulation test case top, and supporting structure includes base, bracing piece, supporting component and is used for driving the driving piece that the bracing piece reciprocated, and the driving piece is installed on the base, and the one end of bracing piece is installed on the driving piece, the other end and the supporting component fixed connection of bracing piece.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the chamber surrounding rock support pressure test device of this application can be according to the size of chamber through driving piece regulation bracing piece reciprocates when using, and then adjusts supporting component and reciprocate for supporting component can support on the roof of not equidimension chamber. The pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the grotto has wide application range and good practicability.
Preferably, the connecting column is fixedly arranged on the base, the annular clamping groove is formed in one end, far away from the base, of the connecting column, the driving piece is a rotary sleeve, an annular clamping ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotary sleeve, the annular clamping ring is rotationally connected in the annular clamping groove, the circumferential inner wall of the rotary sleeve is provided with internal threads, external threads matched with the internal threads are arranged on the supporting rod, and one end, far away from the supporting component, of the supporting rod is in threaded connection with the rotary sleeve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, accessible manual rotation swivel sleeve adjusts bracing piece and reciprocates, and it is very convenient to use.
Preferably, one end of the supporting rod fixedly connected with the supporting component is fixedly provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is in contact with the supporting component, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with external equipment and used for transmitting pressure signals to the external equipment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the pressure born by the support rod can be detected in real time.
Preferably, the supporting component comprises a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a first adjusting supporting plate, a second adjusting supporting plate and a fixing plate, wherein the fixing plate is fixedly connected between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are arranged at parallel intervals, the first adjusting supporting plate and the second adjusting supporting plate are both arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, guide sliding grooves are formed in the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate, guide sliding blocks matched with the guide sliding grooves in a guiding mode are fixedly arranged on the first adjusting supporting plate and the second adjusting supporting plate respectively, and the first adjusting supporting plate and the second adjusting supporting plate can move between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize supporting component's width adjustment to be convenient for carry out the pressure test of supporting component of different width.
Preferably, the roof of the cavity is arc-shaped, the first supporting plate, the second supporting plate, the first adjusting supporting plate and the second adjusting supporting plate are arc-shaped plate structures matched with the roof of the cavity, the guide sliding groove is an arc-shaped groove, the guide sliding block is an arc sliding block matched with the guide movement of the arc-shaped groove, the first supporting plate and the guide sliding groove arranged on the first supporting plate are concentric, and the second supporting plate and the guide sliding groove arranged on the second supporting plate are concentric.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize supporting component's width adjustment to be convenient for carry out the pressure test of supporting component of different width.
Preferably, a first installation space is formed in the first support plate, a second installation space is formed in the second support plate, a driving shaft is further rotationally connected between the first support plate and the second support plate, one end of the driving shaft penetrates through the first installation space and outwards stretches out to form a overhanging end, the other end of the driving shaft stretches into the second installation space, a first driving gear and a second driving gear are fixedly installed on the driving shaft, the first driving gear is located in the first installation space, the second driving gear is located in the second installation space, a driven gear is further rotationally installed in the first installation space, the driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear, a guide sliding block on the first adjustment support plate is installed in a guide sliding groove on the first support plate, an arc-shaped rack is fixedly arranged on the guide sliding block, and the arc-shaped rack of the guide sliding block on the first adjustment support plate stretches into the first installation space and is meshed with the driven gear; the arc-shaped rack of the guide sliding block on the second adjusting supporting plate stretches into the second installation space and is meshed with the second driving gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize moving in opposite directions or moving in opposite directions in the time of first regulation backup pad and the second regulation backup pad.
Preferably, the pressing piece is fixed through the extrusion fixing assembly, the extrusion fixing assembly comprises a circular tube-shaped mounting barrel, the mounting barrel is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, the axis of the mounting barrel extends in the vertical direction, an annular mounting space is formed in the barrel wall of the mounting barrel, a driving shaft mounting hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the axial end face of the mounting barrel, a driving shaft is rotatably mounted in the driving shaft mounting hole, one end of the driving shaft is located at the outer extending end of the mounting barrel, the other end of the driving shaft extends into the annular mounting space, a driving spur gear and a driving bevel gear are fixedly mounted on the driving shaft, and the driving spur gear and the driving bevel gear are located in the annular mounting space and are located at the end of the driving shaft; the inner cylinder wall of the annular installation space is also rotationally sleeved with an annular gear which is meshed with the driving spur gear; the annular installation space is internally provided with a driven shaft which is arranged in parallel with the driving shaft in a rotating way, the driven shaft and the driving shaft are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the installation cylinder, the driven shaft is fixedly provided with a driven straight gear and a driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is positioned at the end part of the driven shaft, and the driven straight gear is meshed with the annular gear; the annular installation space is internally provided with a matched bevel gear in a rotating mode, the number of the matched bevel gears is equal to the sum of the number of the driving bevel gears and the number of the driven bevel gears, the driving bevel gears and the driven bevel gears are respectively meshed with one matched bevel gear, the matched bevel gears are respectively installed in the annular installation space in a rotating mode through the jacking rods, through holes for the jacking rods to penetrate through are respectively formed in the cylinder walls on the two radial sides of the annular installation space, the jacking rods are radially arranged along the installation cylinder and are supported in the two through holes at the two ends of the jacking rods, the jacking rods comprise threaded sections and rotation stopping matched sections, the threaded sections are provided with external threads, threaded holes matched with the threaded sections are formed in the centers of the matched bevel gears in a threaded mode, stop blocks protruding outwards are arranged on the rotation stopping matched sections, slots matched with the stop blocks are formed in the wall of the through holes in the cylinder walls on the outer side of the annular installation space, the stop blocks are inserted into the slots, and the end portions of the threaded sections are fixedly provided with pressing plates used for pressing the pressing pieces.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rotary driving shaft can simultaneously control the rotation of each driven shaft, and then simultaneously control the rotation of each matched bevel gear, and each matched bevel gear rotates to drive each pressing rod to simultaneously move along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder to tightly press and fix the pressing piece, so that the pressing piece is very convenient to fixedly mount; moreover, the pressing pieces with different sizes can be fixed, and the corresponding pressing pieces can be selected for fixing according to test requirements.
Preferably, the overhanging end of the driving shaft is also fixedly provided with a turntable which is convenient for rotating the driving shaft.
By adopting the technical scheme, the driving shaft is convenient to rotate.
Preferably, the cavities are provided with at least two cavities, and the sizes of the cavities are different.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can observe under the effect of same pressure the chamber size and whether have the change to supporting construction stability, stroke contrast test, increase experimental accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cave dwelling support pressure test device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another view of the cave dwelling support pressure test device according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support structure of a cave dwelling support pressure test device in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the inner structure of the first support plate of the support structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an inner structure of the second support plate of the support structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the squeeze fixing assembly of the cave surrounding rock supporting pressure test device of the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the compression set assembly of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in fig. 7.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a surrounding rock simulation test box; 11. a cavern; 2. a support structure; 21. a base; 211. a connecting column; 22. a support rod; 23. a support assembly; 231. a first support plate; 232. a second support plate; 233. a first adjustment support plate; 234. a second adjustment support plate; 235. a fixing plate; 236. a guide chute; 237. a guide slide block; 238. a driving shaft; 239. a rotating wheel; 240. a first drive gear; 241. a second drive gear; 242. a driven gear; 24. rotating the sleeve; 25. rectangular blocks; 3. a mounting frame; 31. a bottom plate; 32. a support leg; 33. a cross bar; 34. a mounting plate; 4. a hydraulic cylinder; 41. a telescopic rod; 42. a pressing plate; 5. extruding the fixing assembly; 51. a mounting cylinder; 52. an annular installation space; 53. a bearing; 54. a drive shaft; 55. a turntable; 56. driving a spur gear; 57. driving a bevel gear; 58. a ring gear; 59. a driven shaft; 60. a driven spur gear; 61. a driven bevel gear; 62. matching with a bevel gear; 63. a pressing rod is pressed; 631. a threaded section; 632. a rotation stopping matching section; 633. a stop block; 64. and (5) pressing the plate.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the application discloses a pressure test device for supporting surrounding rock of a cavity, which comprises a surrounding rock simulation test box 1, a supporting structure 2, a mounting frame 3 and a pressing piece for applying pressure to the surrounding rock simulation test box 1. Two chambers 11 with different sizes are formed in the surrounding rock simulation test box 1, the top wall of each chamber 11 is arc-shaped, and two supporting structures 2 are arranged in the two chambers 11 and support the top wall of each chamber 11. The surrounding rock simulation test box 1 and the pressing piece are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 3, and the pressing piece is located above the surrounding rock simulation test box 1. In this embodiment, the mounting frame 3 includes a base plate 31, legs 32 fixed on the base plate 31, cross bars 33 fixedly connected to the upper portions of the legs 32, and mounting plates 34 fixedly connected between the two cross bars 33, and the mounting plates 34 are provided in two at intervals. The surrounding rock simulation test box 1 is fixed on the bottom plate 31, two extrusion fixing assemblies 5 are fixedly arranged on the two mounting plates 34 respectively, and two pressing pieces are arranged and fixedly arranged at the two extrusion fixing assemblies 5 respectively. The pressure applying part is a hydraulic cylinder 4, a pressure applying plate 42 is fixed at the end part of a telescopic rod 41 of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the pressure applying plate 42 is abutted against the top of the surrounding rock simulation test box 1.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the supporting structure 2 includes a base 21, a supporting bar 22, a supporting assembly 23, and a driving member for driving the supporting bar 22 to move up and down. The driving piece is installed on base 21, and the one end of bracing piece 22 is installed on the driving piece, and the other end and the supporting component 23 fixed connection of bracing piece 22. In this embodiment, a connecting post 211 is fixedly disposed on the base 21, one end of the connecting post 211 far away from the base 21 is provided with an annular clamping groove (not shown in the figure), the driving member is a rotary sleeve 24, one end of the rotary sleeve 24 is fixedly provided with an annular collar (not shown in the figure), and the annular collar is rotationally connected in the annular clamping groove. The circumferential inner wall of the rotary sleeve 24 is provided with an internal thread, the support rod 22 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread, and one end of the support rod 22 far away from the support assembly 23 is in threaded connection in the rotary sleeve 24. The end of the support rod 22 fixedly connected with the support assembly 23 is also fixedly provided with a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), the pressure sensor is abutted against the support assembly 23, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with external equipment and used for transmitting pressure signals to the external equipment. The staff can look over the pressure size that pressure sensor received through external equipment. In this embodiment, a rectangular block 25 with a rectangular cross section is fixedly arranged at one end of the support rod 22 fixedly connected with the support assembly 23, a mounting groove (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the side surface of the rectangular block 25 facing the support assembly 23, and the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove.
With continued reference to fig. 3-5, the support assembly 23 includes a first support plate 231, a second support plate 232, a first adjusting support plate 233, a second adjusting support plate 234 and a fixing plate 235, the fixing plate 235 is fixedly connected between the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232, the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232 are arranged at parallel intervals, the first adjusting support plate 233 and the second adjusting support plate 234 are both installed between the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232, guide sliding grooves 236 are formed in the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232, guide sliding blocks 237 which are matched with the guide sliding grooves 236 in a guiding and moving mode are fixedly arranged on the first adjusting support plate 233 and the second adjusting support plate 234 respectively, and the first adjusting support plate 233 and the second adjusting support plate 234 can move between the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232. In this embodiment, the first support plate 231, the second support plate 232, the first adjusting support plate 233 and the second adjusting support plate 234 are arc plate structures adapted to the top wall of the cavity 11, the guide chute 236 is an arc groove, the guide slide 237 is an arc slide matched with the guide movement of the arc groove, the first support plate 231 is concentric with the guide chute 236 arranged thereon, and the second support plate 232 is concentric with the guide chute 236 arranged thereon.
With continued reference to fig. 3-5, a first installation space is provided inside the first support plate 231, a second installation space is provided inside the second support plate 232, a driving shaft 238 is further rotatably connected between the first support plate 231 and the second support plate 232, one end of the driving shaft 238 penetrates through the first installation space and protrudes outwards to form an overhanging end, and the other end of the driving shaft 238 protrudes into the second installation space. The cantilevered end of the drive shaft 238 also has a wheel 239 fixedly mounted thereto for facilitating rotation of the drive shaft 238. The driving shaft 238 is also fixedly provided with a first driving gear 240 and a second driving gear 241, the first driving gear 240 is located in the first installation space, and the second driving gear 241 is located in the second installation space. A driven gear 242 is rotatably installed in the first installation space, and the driven gear 242 is engaged with the first driving gear 240. The guide slide 237 on the first adjusting support plate 233 is mounted in the guide slide 236 on the first support plate 231 and the guide slide 237 on the second adjusting support plate 234 is mounted in the guide slide 236 on the second support plate 232. The guide slide block 237 is also fixedly provided with an arc-shaped rack, the arc-shaped rack of the guide slide block 237 on the first adjusting support plate 233 extends into the first installation space and is meshed with the driven gear 242, and the arc-shaped rack of the guide slide block 237 on the second adjusting support plate 234 extends into the second installation space and is meshed with the second driving gear 241. In use, turning the wheel 239 enables the first and second adjustment support plates 233, 234 to be moved toward or away from each other simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the press-fixing assembly 5 includes a circular tube-shaped mounting cylinder 51, the mounting cylinder 51 being fixed to the mounting plate 34 with an axis of the mounting cylinder 51 extending in a vertical direction. An annular mounting space 52 is formed in the wall of the mounting cylinder 51, a driving shaft mounting hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the axial end face of the mounting cylinder 51, a bearing 53 is fixedly mounted in the driving shaft mounting hole, a driving shaft 54 is rotatably mounted in the driving shaft mounting hole through the bearing 53, one end of the driving shaft 54 is located at an outer extending end of the mounting cylinder 51, and the other end of the driving shaft 54 extends into the annular mounting space 52. The overhanging end of the drive shaft 54 is also fixedly fitted with a turntable 55 that facilitates rotation of the drive shaft 54. The drive shaft 54 is also fixedly provided with a drive spur gear 56 and a drive bevel gear 57, the drive spur gear 56 and the drive bevel gear 57 being located in the annular installation space 52 and the drive bevel gear 57 being located at the end of the drive shaft 54. The inner wall of the annular mounting space 52 is also rotatably fitted with a ring gear 58, and the ring gear 58 is meshed with the drive spur gear 56.
With continued reference to fig. 6-8, a driven shaft 59 disposed in parallel with the driving shaft 54 is also rotatably mounted in the annular mounting space 52, and the driven shaft 59 and the driving shaft 54 are disposed at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting cylinder 51. The axial end face of the mounting cylinder 51 is also provided with driven shaft mounting holes extending along the vertical direction, the driven shaft mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the driven shafts 59, bearings are fixedly mounted in the driven shaft mounting holes, and one end of the driven shaft 59 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the bearings in the driven shaft mounting holes. The driven shaft 59 is fixedly provided with a driven spur gear 60 and a driven bevel gear 61, the driven bevel gear 61 being located at an end of the driven shaft 59 remote from the driven shaft mounting hole, the driven spur gear 60 being meshed with the ring gear 58. A mating bevel gear 62 is also rotatably mounted in the annular mounting space 52, and the number of the mating bevel gears 62 is equal to the sum of the numbers of the drive bevel gears 57 and the driven bevel gears 61. The driving bevel gear 57 and the driven bevel gear 61 are respectively engaged with a mating bevel gear 62, and each mating bevel gear 62 is rotatably mounted in the annular mounting space 52 by a pressing lever 63, respectively. Through holes for the top pressing rods 63 to pass through are respectively formed in the cylinder walls on the two radial sides of the annular mounting space 52, the top pressing rods 63 are arranged along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder 51, and the two ends of the top pressing rods 63 are supported in the two through holes. The top pressure lever 63 includes a threaded section 631 and a rotation stop mating section 632. The threaded section 631 is provided with external threads, the center of the mating bevel gear 62 is provided with a threaded hole in threaded engagement with the threaded section 631, the mating bevel gear 62 is in threaded engagement with the threaded section 631, and the mating bevel gear 62 abuts against the wall of the inner side of the annular installation space 52. The end of the threaded section 631 is also fixedly provided with a pressing plate 64 for pressing against the cylinder block, the pressing plate 64 having a pressing surface adapted to fit against the cylinder block. The stop block 633 protruding outwards is arranged on the stop matching section 632, a slot matched with the stop block 633 is arranged on the hole wall of the through hole on the wall of the outer side of the annular installation space 52, and the stop block 633 is inserted into the slot. When the pressing device is used, the rotation driving shaft 54 can simultaneously control the rotation of each driven shaft 59, and then simultaneously control the rotation of each matched bevel gear 62, and each matched bevel gear 62 rotationally drives each pressing rod 63 to simultaneously press and fix the pressing piece along the radial movement of the mounting cylinder 51, so that the pressing piece is very convenient to fixedly mount.
The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the cavern is used, two support structures 2 are respectively arranged in two caverns 11, and according to the size of the caverns 11, the rotary sleeve 24 is rotated to adjust the height of the support component 23, so that the support component 23 is attached to and supported on the top wall of the caverns 11; then selecting a pressing piece with corresponding pressure according to test requirements, fixedly installing the hydraulic cylinder 4 in the installation cylinder 51 of the extrusion fixing assembly 5, and controlling the hydraulic cylinder 4 to work, wherein the telescopic rod 41 of the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends outwards to drive the pressing plate 42 to press the top of the surrounding rock simulation test box 1 for pressure test.
According to the pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the cavern, when the pressure test device is used, the supporting rods 22 can be adjusted to move up and down through the driving piece according to the size of the cavern 11, and then the supporting components 23 are adjusted to move up and down, so that the supporting components 23 can be supported on the top walls of the caverns 11 with different sizes; the width adjustment of the support assembly 23 can be realized, so that the pressure test of the support assemblies 23 with different widths is convenient to perform; the pressing rods 63 can be driven to move along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder 51 to tightly press and fix the pressing piece, so that the pressing piece is convenient to fixedly mount; it can observe whether the size of the cavity 11 changes the stability of the supporting structure 2 under the action of the same pressure, and the stroke contrast test increases the accuracy of the test. The pressure test device for the surrounding rock support of the grotto has wide application range and good practicability.
In other embodiments, the number of chambers 11 may be selected as desired.
In other embodiments, the driving member may be replaced with other conventional linear driving members, such as an electric putter.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a grotto surrounding rock support pressure test device, includes surrounding rock simulation test case (1), supporting structure (2), mounting bracket (3) and is used for exerting the piece of exerting pressure to surrounding rock simulation test case (1), has seted up grotto (11) on surrounding rock simulation test case (1), and supporting structure (2) set up in grotto (11) and support grotto (11) roof, its characterized in that: the surrounding rock simulation test box (1) and the pressing piece are fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (3), the pressing piece is positioned above the surrounding rock simulation test box (1), the supporting structure (2) comprises a base (21), a supporting rod (22), a supporting component (23) and a driving piece for driving the supporting rod (22) to move up and down, the driving piece is arranged on the base (21), one end of the supporting rod (22) is arranged on the driving piece, and the other end of the supporting rod (22) is fixedly connected with the supporting component (23);
the support assembly (23) comprises a first support plate (231), a second support plate (232), a first adjusting support plate (233), a second adjusting support plate (234) and a fixing plate (235), wherein the fixing plate (235) is fixedly connected between the first support plate (231) and the second support plate (232), the first support plate (231) and the second support plate (232) are arranged at intervals in parallel, the first adjusting support plate (233) and the second adjusting support plate (234) are both arranged between the first support plate (231) and the second support plate (232), guide sliding grooves (236) are formed in the first support plate (231) and the second support plate (232), guide sliding blocks (237) matched with the guide sliding grooves (236) in a guide moving mode are fixedly arranged on the first adjusting support plate (233) and the second adjusting support plate (234) respectively, and the first adjusting support plate (233) and the second adjusting support plate (234) can move between the first support plate (231) and the second support plate (232).
2. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 1, wherein: the novel rotary support is characterized in that a connecting column (211) is fixedly arranged on the base (21), an annular clamping groove is formed in one end, far away from the base (21), of the connecting column (211), a driving piece is a rotary sleeve (24), an annular clamping ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotary sleeve (24), the annular clamping ring is rotationally connected in the annular clamping groove, internal threads are arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the rotary sleeve (24), external threads matched with the internal threads are arranged on a supporting rod (22), and one end, far away from a supporting component (23), of the supporting rod (22) is connected in the rotary sleeve (24) through threads.
3. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 2, wherein: one end of the supporting rod (22) fixedly connected with the supporting component (23) is fixedly provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is abutted against the supporting component (23), and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with external equipment and used for transmitting pressure signals to the external equipment.
4. A device for testing the pressure of a rock surrounding in a cavity according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the roof of cavern (11) is the arc, first backup pad (231), second backup pad (232), first regulation backup pad (233) and second regulation backup pad (234) are the arc platelike structure with the roof adaptation of cavern (11), direction spout (236) are the arc groove, direction slider (237) is the arc slider that removes complex with the arc groove direction, first backup pad (231) and offer guide spout (236) concentric setting above that, second backup pad (232) and offer guide spout (236 concentric setting above that.
5. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 4, wherein: a first installation space is formed in the first supporting plate (231), a second installation space is formed in the second supporting plate (232), a driving shaft (238) is further rotationally connected between the first supporting plate (231) and the second supporting plate (232), one end of the driving shaft (238) penetrates through the first installation space and outwards stretches out to form a overhanging end, the other end of the driving shaft (238) stretches into the second installation space, a first driving gear (240) and a second driving gear (241) are fixedly installed on the driving shaft (238), the first driving gear (240) is located in the first installation space, the second driving gear (241) is located in the second installation space, a driven gear (242) is rotationally installed in the first installation space, the driven gear (242) is meshed with the first driving gear (240), a guide slide block (237) on the first adjusting supporting plate (233) is installed in a guide slide groove (236) on the first supporting plate (231), a guide slide block (237) on the second adjusting supporting plate (234) is installed in the guide slide block (236) on the second supporting plate (232), and the guide slide block (236) is fixedly meshed with the first arc-shaped gear (233) in the first installation space; the arc-shaped rack of the guide sliding block (237) on the second adjusting supporting plate (234) stretches into the second installation space and is meshed with the second driving gear (241).
6. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing piece is fixed through the extrusion fixing assembly (5), the extrusion fixing assembly (5) comprises a circular tube-shaped installation barrel (51), the installation barrel (51) is fixedly installed on the installation frame (3) and the axis of the installation barrel (51) extends in the vertical direction, an annular installation space (52) is formed in the barrel wall of the installation barrel (51), a driving shaft installation hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the axial end face of the installation barrel (51), a driving shaft (54) is rotatably installed in the driving shaft installation hole, one end of the driving shaft (54) is located at the outer extending end of the installation barrel (51), the other end of the driving shaft (54) extends into the annular installation space (52), a driving spur gear (56) and a driving bevel gear (57) are fixedly installed on the driving shaft (54), the driving spur gear (56) and the driving bevel gear (57) are located in the annular installation space (52), and the driving bevel gear (57) is located at the end of the driving shaft (54); the inner cylinder wall of the annular installation space (52) is also rotatably sleeved with a ring gear (58), and the ring gear (58) is meshed with the driving straight gear (56); a driven shaft (59) which is arranged in parallel with the driving shaft (54) is also rotatably arranged in the annular installation space (52), the driven shaft (59) and the driving shaft (54) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the installation cylinder (51), a driven straight gear (60) and a driven bevel gear (61) are fixedly arranged on the driven shaft (59), the driven bevel gear (61) is positioned at the end part of the driven shaft (59), and the driven straight gear (60) is meshed with the annular gear (58); the annular installation space (52) is internally and rotatably provided with a matched bevel gear (62), the number of the matched bevel gears (62) is equal to the sum of the numbers of the driving bevel gear (57) and the driven bevel gear (61), the driving bevel gear (57) and the driven bevel gear (61) are respectively meshed with a matched bevel gear (62), each matched bevel gear (62) is rotatably installed in the annular installation space (52) through a top pressing rod (63), the cylinder walls at the two radial sides of the annular installation space (52) are respectively provided with a through hole for the top pressing rod (63) to pass through, the top pressing rod (63) is arranged along the radial direction of the installation cylinder (51) and the two ends of the top pressing rod (63) are supported in the two through holes, the top pressing rod (63) comprises a threaded section (631) and a rotation stopping matched section (632), the threaded section (631) is provided with external threads, the center of the matched bevel gear (62) is provided with a threaded hole which is in threaded fit with the threaded section (631), the rotation stopping matched bevel gear (62) is provided with an outward stop block 633) which is arranged on the threaded section (631), the outer side of the cylinder wall of the annular installation space (52) is provided with a stop block 633 which is provided with a stop block 633, a pressing plate (64) for pressing the pressing member is fixedly mounted at the end of the thread section (631).
7. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 6, wherein: the overhanging end of the driving shaft (54) is fixedly provided with a turntable (55) which is convenient for rotating the driving shaft (54).
8. The device for testing the pressure of the surrounding rock support of the cavern according to claim 1, wherein: the cavities (11) are provided with at least two cavities, and the sizes of the cavities (11) are different.
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| CN115420576B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-24 | 成都理工大学 | Discrete dynamic triaxial test sample preparation device |
| CN116480416B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-01-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Support structure in hydrogen storage karst cave based on truss stress self-adaptation is adjusted |
| CN116952736B (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-11-28 | 国能大渡河金川水电建设有限公司 | Underground cavern simulation experiment device and experiment method |
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