CN113915289A - Detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device - Google Patents
Detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113915289A CN113915289A CN202111114582.2A CN202111114582A CN113915289A CN 113915289 A CN113915289 A CN 113915289A CN 202111114582 A CN202111114582 A CN 202111114582A CN 113915289 A CN113915289 A CN 113915289A
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- detachable
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- single chain
- energy absorption
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
- F16B21/10—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
- F16B21/12—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with locking-pins or split-pins thrust into holes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device which mainly comprises a detachable single chain, a non-detachable single chain and an energy absorption core. The detachable single chain is a composite structure consisting of two half chains with mortise structures, two butterfly-like tenons and four bolts; the non-detachable single chain is a single structure with the appearance similar to that of the detachable single chain; the energy-absorbing core is an energy-absorbing structure made of energy-absorbing materials. The invention adopts a detachable design, overcomes the problem that the traditional stretching energy absorption device can only be used once, is convenient to maintain, saves economic cost and can improve the energy absorption capacity of the internal filling material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy absorption devices, in particular to a detachable chain type energy absorption device which can be applied to an energy absorption scene bearing tensile load. The device is suitable for stretching energy absorption systems in the fields of aerospace vehicles, vehicle engineering and the like.
Background
When an airplane, a vehicle and the like are subjected to accidents such as collision, explosion and the like, strong impact load can be borne, the structure of the airplane, the vehicle and the like can be seriously plastically deformed or even broken and damaged, the normal working capacity is lost, the living space in a carrier is squeezed, and the casualties and the property loss are caused. How to reduce and avoid the serious loss of life and property of the structure under impact load has become an important issue in the field of impact protection. The metal thin-wall pipe, the foam material filling pipe, the honeycomb structure, the lattice structure and other structures are widely applied to the field of impact protection, and the impact energy is converted into the plastic deformation energy through self plastic deformation. However, these conventional structures are mainly used for absorbing energy effectively by bearing compressive load, and cannot be used in the scene of mainly tensile load.
The passenger cabin crossbeam of large-scale cargo airplane and the junction of storehouse crossbeam and fuselage frame are mainly born the tensile load in the process that the organism weighs down and hits, and landing leg structure of lunar probe also has the position of bearing the tensile load in the in-process that lands, and the protection device that falls also absorbs the energy through bearing the tensile load, and the energy absorption demand under these scenes can not be satisfied to the compression energy absorbing device that commonly uses, therefore develop suitable tensile energy absorbing device and just have research value.
The existing tensile energy absorption device comprises an energy absorption device based on a bolt tearing composite material, an energy absorption device based on a chain structure, an energy absorption device based on tensile fracture of a woven material and the like. However, these are all disposable energy absorbing devices, which are not reusable and are not economically efficient. It is therefore a significant task to make the tensile energy absorbing means reusable while ensuring its energy absorbing properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is provided, the disposable problem of the traditional chain type energy absorption device is solved, and the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is convenient to manufacture while being reusable. The device can be effective when bearing tensile load convert energy into the plastic deformation energy of energy-absorbing core, provides more various and economic selection for the impact protection.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a collapsible chained tensile energy absorbing device comprising: the energy absorption core is provided with a detachable single chain, a non-detachable single chain and an energy absorption core; a detachable single chain and a non-detachable single chain are sleeved to form a basic unit of a chain structure, one basic unit or a plurality of basic units are sequentially sleeved to form a multi-unit chain structure, and the single chains do not need to be fixed and move mutually; the energy absorption core is an energy absorption structure made of energy absorption materials and is placed in an inner cavity of the chain structure;
the detachable single chain is a composite structure consisting of two half chains with mortise structures, two butterfly-like tenons and four bolts; the two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are in mortise and tenon matching with each other to form an integral single chain, and the relative positions of the two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are further fixed by four bolts to form a detachable single chain; the connection among all the components in the detachable single chain is free fit without any form of fixed connection;
the non-detachable single chain is a non-detachable structure similar to the appearance of the detachable single chain, namely the appearance of the non-detachable single chain and the assembled detachable single chain are sleeved to form a chain structure, but the non-detachable single chain is not provided with a tenon-and-mortise structure of the detachable single chain, so that the non-detachable structure is realized.
The overall length of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device and the number of tenons of the butterfly-like tenons in the detachable single chain are adjusted according to actual needs; the lengths of the detachable single chain and the non-detachable single chain are kept consistent; considering the balance of the strength and the quality of the chain structure, the wall thickness of each single chain in the chain structure is 5 mm-6 mm, the whole single chain is of a ring structure with uniform wall thickness, as shown in an engineering drawing in FIG. 3, a clamping handle convenient for clamping of a tester is added at two ends in the schematic drawing; the diameters of four bolts in the detachable single chain are all 2 mm.
The manufacturing materials of the two half-chains with the mortise structures, the two butterfly tenons and the four bolts in the non-detachable single chain and the detachable single chain are all steel materials and are manufactured by wire cut electrical discharge machining; the components in the detachable single chain are required to be matched closely, the machining precision is required to be high, the wire cut electrical discharge machining precision is proper, and the machining is convenient.
The energy absorption core is made of foamed aluminum or dot matrix compression energy absorption materials, so that the energy absorption core can be smoothly placed in the inner cavity of the chain structure, the shape of the energy absorption core is similar to that of the inner cavity of the chain structure, and the size of the energy absorption core is slightly smaller than that of the inner cavity of the chain structure; the energy absorption core does not need to be connected with the detachable single chain or the non-detachable single chain, so that the characteristic of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device which is convenient to detach is exerted.
The sectional shape of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is designed randomly and comprises a square shape, a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape or a circular shape so as to meet the requirements of different use scenes.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the whole body of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is a chain type structure made of metal materials and an energy absorption core filled in an inner cavity of the chain type structure, wherein the chain type structure uses two single chains as a group, and one single chain is detachably designed so that the structure is convenient to manufacture and can be repeatedly utilized. The energy absorption core is made of energy absorption materials, such as closed-cell foamed aluminum, dot matrixes and the like. The chain structure can bear compression load in a non-energy-absorbing working state, so that the structural stability of the energy-absorbing core is kept, and the chain structure can be used for structural bearing. When the two ends of the chain structure are under the action of tensile load, the two single chains can generate relative displacement to crush the energy-absorbing core in the inner cavity of the chain structure so as to achieve the purpose of energy absorption. The structure and the material used for the energy absorption core can be selected according to the impact energy. When the energy absorption core is compacted, the chain structure stops relative displacement, so that the function of limiting the deformation size of the energy absorption device is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device can apply the traditional compression energy-absorbing material to a tensile energy-absorbing scene, and expands the application range of the traditional compression energy-absorbing material.
(2) Most of the existing tensile energy absorption devices and compression energy absorption devices are disposable energy absorption devices and cannot be reused, and the energy absorption device adopts a tenon-and-mortise structure, and a traditional square-section chain structure is detachably designed, so that the energy absorption device is reused, and the economic cost is reduced. The device can be repeatedly used, the use cost is reduced, one-step forming is not needed, and the manufacturing difficulty is reduced.
(3) The invention can limit the deformation range of the internal energy-absorbing material and avoid the integral buckling of the energy-absorbing material, thereby improving the energy absorption capacity of the energy-absorbing material and providing safer guarantee for the structure and the safety protection of human bodies. The energy absorption capacity of the brittle material is improved more obviously, because the device can limit the brittle material which is already brittle to be further brittle in a small space.
(4) The device of the invention is in a work division cooperation type in function. The external chain structure plays a role in bearing and transmitting ballast in a non-energy-absorbing state, the structural shape is stable at the moment and can be used as a non-energy-absorbing member, the internal energy-absorbing core only starts to work in an energy-absorbing state, and when the external chain structure bears tensile load, the external chain structure is compressed to absorb energy.
(5) The device can meet different energy absorption requirements by changing the structure and the material used by the energy absorption core, and has better adjustability. Taking a closed cell aluminum foam material as an example, the amount of energy absorbed by the structure can be controlled by adjusting its density.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembled view of the collapsible chained tensile energy absorption apparatus;
fig. 3 is an engineering drawing of a detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device, wherein (a) is an engineering drawing of a half chain with a mortise structure of No. 1, (b) is an engineering drawing of a half chain with a mortise structure of No. 2, (c) is an engineering drawing of a butterfly tenon-like, (d) is an engineering drawing of a bolt, and (e) is an engineering drawing of a non-detachable single chain;
FIG. 4 is an analysis of the experimental results of the removable chain type tensile energy absorbing device under tensile load, wherein (a) is the tensile process of the removable chain type tensile energy absorbing device, (b) is the final compression state of the closed cell foam aluminum energy absorbing core, and (c) is the load-displacement curve of the removable chain type tensile energy absorbing device;
the reference numerals in the drawings mean: 1 is No. 1 fourth of the twelve earthly branches structure half chain, 2 is No. 2 fourth of the twelve earthly branches structure half chains, 3 are similar butterfly tenons, 4 are the bolt, 5 are the non-detachable single chain, 6 are the energy-absorbing core.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which are described below with reference to the drawings, are exemplary and are intended to explain the detachable chain type energy absorbing apparatus proposed in the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device of the invention comprises three parts, namely a detachable single chain, an undetachable single chain 5 and an energy absorption core 6, wherein the detachable single chain and the undetachable single chain are sequentially sleeved to form a chain type structure, the single chains are not required to be fixed and can move mutually, and the energy absorption core is arranged in an inner cavity of the chain type structure.
As shown in fig. 2, the detachable single chain is a composite structure composed of two half chains with a mortise structure, namely, a half chain with a mortise structure 1 and a half chain with a mortise structure 12, two butterfly-like tenons 3 and four bolts 4. The two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are in mortise and tenon matching to form a whole, and the relative positions of the two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are further fixed by four bolts to form a detachable single chain. The connection between each component in the detachable single chain is free fit without any form of fixed connection. The non-detachable single chain is a non-detachable structure similar to the appearance of the detachable single chain, namely the appearance of the non-detachable single chain can be sheathed with the assembled detachable single chain to form a chain structure, but the non-detachable single chain does not have a tenon-and-mortise structure of the detachable single chain, so the non-detachable single chain is of a non-detachable structure. The energy-absorbing core is an energy-absorbing structure made of energy-absorbing materials.
As shown in fig. 3 (a) and (b), the length of each half chain with a mortise structure in the detachable single chain is 62.5mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and a clamp handle with the length of 75mm is further designed on the half chain with the mortise structure No. 2 shown in fig. 3 (b) so as to facilitate the clamping of a tensile testing machine. The shape and size of the butterfly-like tenon structure shown in (c) of fig. 3 are consistent with the shape and size of the mortise formed by the mutual matching of the two half-chains of the mortise structure, the number of the tenons is 6, and the thickness is 5 mm. The diameter of the plug pin shown in fig. 3 (d) is 2 mm. As shown in FIG. 3(e), the length of the non-detachable single strand is 125mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and a holder with a length of 75mm is also designed.
The non-detachable single chain and the detachable single chain are made of stainless steel materials through wire cut electrical discharge machining, and the energy absorption core is made of closed-cell foamed aluminum through wire cut electrical discharge machining into corresponding shapes. The assembly mode of the detachable chain type tensile energy absorption device of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, the energy absorption core is filled into the half chain with the mortise structure number 1, then the two half chains are put into the non-detachable single chain as a whole, the half chain with the mortise structure number 2 is aligned with the half chain with the mortise structure number 1 according to an arrow (a) in fig. 3, so that the two half chains form a complete mortise, the two butterfly tenons are inserted into the mortise according to an arrow (b) in fig. 3, and finally the four bolts are inserted into the bolt holes according to an arrow (c) in fig. 3. According to the steps, the complete detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device can be combined. After the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is used, the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device can be detached according to the reverse step of the steps, and the failed energy absorption core can be replaced by a new energy absorption core.
The energy absorption characteristics of embodiments of the present invention are described below in terms of specific quasi-static tensile experimental results. The tensile rate of the test was 13.08mm/min and the density of the closed-cell aluminum foam of the energy-absorbing core was 0.259g/cm, respectively3，0.324g/cm3And 0.441g/cm3. As shown in fig. 4 (a), the grip of the non-detachable single chain of the embodiment of the present invention is clamped to the fixed end of the testing machine, and the grip of the detachable single chain is clamped to the movable end of the testing machine. When the device is subjected to a tensile load, the detachable single chain moves upwards to start to compress the filled closed-cell aluminum foam, the closed-cell aluminum foam is uniformly crushed to absorb energy generated in the tensile process, and the final crushing result is shown in (b) in fig. 4. From the load-displacement curve shown in (c) of fig. 4, there is no large initial peak loadThe platform section of the load is obvious, the effective energy absorption distance is long, and the device has good energy absorption performance. If the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is not used, the energy absorption core is directly compressed, the energy absorption core can be integrally buckled and even broken, and the energy absorption performance is poor. The detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device can restrain the deformation of the energy absorption core inside the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device, and the deformation mode of integral buckling is prevented, so that the energy absorption performance of the energy absorption core can be improved.
In a word, the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device overcomes the problems that the traditional chain type stretching energy absorption device is high in manufacturing cost and can only be used once, the chain type stretching energy absorption device can be reused, the selectable range of energy absorption materials of the internal energy absorption core is expanded due to the detachable design, and the improvement of the energy absorption performance of the chain type stretching energy absorption device and the control of an energy absorption process are facilitated.
The above examples are provided for the purpose of describing the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A collapsible chained tensile energy absorber, comprising: the energy absorption core is provided with a detachable single chain, a non-detachable single chain and an energy absorption core; a detachable single chain and a non-detachable single chain are sleeved to form a basic unit of a chain structure, one basic unit or a plurality of basic units are sequentially sleeved to form a multi-unit chain structure, and the single chains do not need to be fixed and move mutually; the energy absorption core is an energy absorption structure made of energy absorption materials and is placed in an inner cavity of the chain structure;
the detachable single chain is a composite structure consisting of two half chains with mortise structures, two butterfly-like tenons and four bolts; the two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are in mortise and tenon matching with each other to form an integral single chain, and the relative positions of the two half-chains with the mortise structures and the two butterfly tenons are further fixed by four bolts to form a detachable single chain; the connection among all the components in the detachable single chain is free fit without any form of fixed connection;
the non-detachable single chain is a non-detachable structure similar to the appearance of the detachable single chain, namely, the appearance of the non-detachable single chain and the assembled detachable single chain are sleeved to form a chain structure, but the non-detachable single chain does not have a tenon-and-mortise structure of the detachable single chain, so that the non-detachable structure is realized.
2. The removable chain tension energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein: the overall length of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device and the number of tenons of the butterfly-like tenons in the detachable single chain are adjusted according to actual needs; the lengths of the detachable single chain and the non-detachable single chain are kept consistent; considering the balance of the strength and the quality of the chain structure, the wall thickness of each single chain in the chain structure is 5 mm-6 mm, and the whole single chain is of a ring structure with uniform wall thickness.
3. The removable chain tension energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein: the diameters of four bolts in the detachable single chain are all 2 mm.
4. The removable chain tension energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein: the manufacturing materials of the two half-chains with the mortise structures, the two butterfly tenons and the four bolts in the non-detachable single chain and the detachable single chain are all steel materials and are manufactured by wire cut electrical discharge machining.
5. The removable chain tension energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein: the energy absorption core is made of foamed aluminum or dot matrix compression energy absorption materials, so that the energy absorption core can be smoothly placed in the inner cavity of the chain structure, the shape of the energy absorption core is similar to that of the inner cavity of the chain structure, and the size of the energy absorption core is smaller than that of the inner cavity of the chain structure; the energy absorption core does not need to be connected with the detachable single chain or the non-detachable single chain, so that the characteristic of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device which is convenient to detach is exerted.
6. A detachable chain type tensile energy absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the sectional shape of the detachable chain type stretching energy absorption device is designed randomly and comprises a square shape, a hexagonal shape, an octagonal shape or a circular shape so as to meet the requirements of different use scenes.
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| CN202111114582.2A CN113915289B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Detachable chain type stretching energy absorbing device |
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| CN202111114582.2A CN113915289B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Detachable chain type stretching energy absorbing device |
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| CN113915289B CN113915289B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| 付自来;: "熔体发泡法泡沫铝的加工特性", 材料开发与应用, no. 05, pages 76 - 81 * |
| 王海菠: "系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性", 《航空学报》 * |
| 王海菠: "系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性", 《航空学报》, 21 January 2015 (2015-01-21), pages 1839 - 1847 * |
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