CN113913176A - Fracturing fluid and method for fracturing in shale by using same - Google Patents
Fracturing fluid and method for fracturing in shale by using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113913176A CN113913176A CN202010652816.8A CN202010652816A CN113913176A CN 113913176 A CN113913176 A CN 113913176A CN 202010652816 A CN202010652816 A CN 202010652816A CN 113913176 A CN113913176 A CN 113913176A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fibrous material
- fracturing
- fracturing fluid
- shale
- proppant
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/70—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
Abstract
The invention provides a fracturing fluid and a method for fracturing in shale by using the same. The fracturing fluid comprises a proppant and a fibrous material, wherein the content of the fibrous material is not more than 0.4%. Proppant flowback problems in shale can be effectively prevented by such fracturing fluids.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well fracturing, in particular to a fracturing fluid. The invention also relates to a method for fracturing in shale using the fracturing fluid.
Background
In order to ensure the effectiveness of subsequent production processes for oil and gas wells, it is common to perform large scale fracturing operations to create fractures in the formation. And (3) performing propping action on the fractured fractures by injecting a propping agent into the fractured fractures. The proppant has gaps so as not to impede the flow of hydrocarbon resources through the fracture to the production or production string. Therefore, oil or gas production work can be smoothly performed.
However, in the process of fluid drainage or exploitation after fracturing construction, a proppant backflow phenomenon often occurs, that is, the proppant leaves the fracturing hole along with the flowback fluid or oil and gas resource and flows to the ground, so that the pressure of the wellhead is greatly reduced and is difficult to recover, and the daily fluid drainage is reduced. According to current statistics, proppant flowback can sometimes be as high as more than 20% of the total proppant volume.
The returning proppant may erode nozzles, valves, and other equipment. In addition, proppant that settles in the wellbore may also bury perforations and even the wellbore. The removal and cleaning of these proppants is very difficult and has a very large impact on subsequent operations. Furthermore, as a portion of the proppant leaves the fracture, the corresponding fracture hole is no longer effectively propped. Accordingly, the length, width and conductivity of the fracture can vary disadvantageously. These phenomena will seriously affect the production of oil and gas wells and result in unnecessary work steps and costs such as sand washing, pump inspection and the like.
Currently, in the art, there have been proposals for the construction of reservoirs of tight rock formations by fiber sand control techniques. In these embodiments, typically 1% to 12% of the fibrous material will be blended into the proppant. These fibrous materials may restrict the free movement of proppant in the fracture and thus reduce the likelihood of proppant flowback. As currently understood in the art, the higher the level of blended fiber material, the better the effect on preventing proppant flowback.
However, for shale, the use of such proppants incorporating 1% to 12% fibrous material does not provide an effective prevention of flowback, and may even have the side effect of causing the proppant to be more easily lost.
Shale, especially shale with effective closure pressure over 45MPa and depth over 4000m, has serious proppant backflow problem. Accordingly, there is a need for a fracturing fluid and corresponding fracturing method that effectively avoids proppant flowback problems in shale.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a fracturing fluid by which the proppant flowback problem in shale can be effectively prevented. The invention also provides a fracturing method for shale by using the fracturing fluid.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fracturing fluid for shale, comprising proppant and fibrous material, wherein the content of the fibrous material does not exceed 0.4%.
After the fracturing fluid is placed in a fracture in the formation, the fibrous material is effective to prevent the flow of proppant back to the surface. Meanwhile, oil and gas resources in the stratum can also effectively flow to the ground through fracturing cracks, cannot be blocked by fiber materials, and even the permeability of the oil and gas resources is possibly higher.
In one embodiment, the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.1% and 0.4%.
In one embodiment, the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.2% and 0.4%.
In one embodiment, the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.2% and 0.3%.
In one embodiment, the content of fibrous material in the fracturing fluid is determined in terms of conductivity and/or critical flow.
In one embodiment, the conductivity is characterized by the permeability of the hydrocarbon resource through the fracture.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a fracturing method for shale is proposed, comprising the following steps: blending no more than 0.4% fibrous material into the fracturing fluid; and pumping the fracturing fluid to the formation to fill fracture in the formation and form a support structure; wherein in the fractured fracture, the fibrous material is configured to prevent flow of proppant in the support structure.
In one embodiment, the fibrous material is blended into the fracturing fluid in the tailgating stage of the fracturing operation.
In one embodiment, the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.1% and 0.4%.
In one embodiment, the content of the fibrous material is between 0.2% and 0.4%, preferably between 0.2% and 0.3%.
In one embodiment, the content of fibrous material in the fracturing fluid is determined from the conductivity, characterized by the permeability of the hydrocarbon resource through the support structure in the fracture, and/or the critical flow rate.
Drawings
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of one embodiment of a fracturing method for shale according to the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The percentages mentioned herein are all meant to be mass percentages.
The medium fracturing fluid of the present invention comprises a fibrous material and a proppant. The fibrous material may be, for example, rayon commonly used in the art, in the form of white filaments having a length of between about 4mm and about 6 mm. Preferably, the fibrous material is capable of dissolving automatically and rapidly (e.g., within about 1 hour to about 3 hours) at ambient temperature. Therefore, when the fiber material is left in the pipeline or the well bore to cause blockage, the fiber material can be quickly dissolved to solve the blockage problem.
The fibrous material may be blended into the fracturing fluid at the surface and the blended fracturing fluid pumped to the formation and disposed into the fracture to form a support structure.
In the present invention, a fracturing fluid is used in a fractured fracture of a shale. For this purpose, the content of fibrous material in the fracturing fluid may be determined from the conductivity and/or the critical flow rate before the fibrous material is blended.
Hereinafter, the content of the fiber material will be further explained by the experimental results.
In one aspect, the relationship between fiber content and the conductivity of the support structure formed after the fracturing fluid is set into the fractured fracture is tested. In this experiment, the conductivity is characterized by the permeability of the hydrocarbon resource or related experimental fluid through the support material. The results of the specific experiments can be seen in the following table.
TABLE 1 Permeability vs. fibrous Material content
As can be seen from table 1, the permeability was improved when the fibrous material was increased by not more than 0.4% as compared with the case where the fibrous material was not added. The permeability peaks relatively at an increase of 0.2% to 0.3% of fibrous material, and at an increase of 0.4% of fibrous material there is a tendency to decrease relatively, but still higher, than without the addition of fibrous material.
Thus, the content of fibrous material is not higher than 0.4%, preferably between 0.1% -0.4%, more preferably between 0.2% -0.4%, most preferably between 0.2% and 0.3%, considering the permeability.
On the other hand, experiments were conducted on the relationship between the fiber content and the critical flow rate of the support structure formed after the fracturing fluid was set into the fractured fracture. The critical flow rate here refers to the minimum flow rate at which proppant flowback occurs. That is, below the critical flow rate, the phenomenon of proppant flowback does not occur, and above the critical flow rate, the phenomenon of proppant flowback begins to occur. The results of the specific experiments can be seen in the following table.
TABLE 2 Critical flow vs. fibrous Material content relationship
As can be seen from table 2, the critical flow rate was increased when the fibrous material was increased by not more than 0.4% as compared with the case where the fibrous material was not added. The critical flow rate peaks relatively at an increase of 0.2% to 0.3% of fibrous material, and tends to decrease relatively at an increase of 0.4% of fibrous material, but is still higher than without the addition of fibrous material.
Thus, the content of fibrous material is not higher than 0.4%, preferably between 0.1% -0.4%, more preferably between 0.2% -0.4%, most preferably between 0.2% and 0.3%, taking into account the critical flow rate.
In field tests, for the case of construction in a shale formation at 4000m depth and 45MPa closure pressure using conventional proppants or fracturing fluids containing 1% -12% fibrous material, at 30m3The rate of/h drains, then there is proppant flowback for all (100%) of the wellbores. In contrast, the fracturing operation is performed using the fracturing method and fracturing fluid of the present invention, if at 30m3Drainage occurs at a rate of/h, and proppant flowback occurs in only 14.3% of the wellbores.
Additionally, a fracturing fluid containing the fibrous material may be pumped into the well throughout the fracturing process. In a preferred embodiment, the operation can be performed only during the after-tracking phase with proppant of the above mentioned fibrous material mixed with the fracturing fluid. This is advantageous for reducing the cost of the fracturing process.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fracturing fluid for shale, comprising proppant and fibrous material, wherein the content of said fibrous material does not exceed 0.4%.
2. The fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.1% and 0.4%.
3. The fracturing fluid of claim 2, wherein the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.2% and 0.4%.
4. The fracturing fluid of claim 3, wherein the fibrous material is present in an amount between 0.2% and 0.3%.
5. Fracturing fluid according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of fibrous material in the fracturing fluid is determined according to the conductivity and/or the critical flow rate.
6. The fracturing fluid of claim 5, wherein the conductivity is characterized by the permeability of the hydrocarbon resource through the fractured fracture.
7. A fracturing method for shale, comprising the steps of:
blending no more than 0.4% fibrous material into the fracturing fluid; and
pumping the fracturing fluid to the formation to fill fracture in the formation and form a support structure;
wherein in the fractured fracture, the fibrous material is configured to prevent flow of proppant in the support structure.
8. The fracturing method for shale as claimed in claim 7, wherein said fibrous material is blended into the fracturing fluid in a chase stage of the fracturing operation.
9. Fracturing method for shale according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the content of said fibrous material is between 0.1% and 0.4%, preferably between 0.2% and 0.4%, more preferably between 0.2% and 0.3%.
10. The fracturing method for shale according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the content of fibrous material in the fracturing fluid is determined according to a conductivity and/or a critical flow rate, the conductivity being characterized by the permeability of hydrocarbon resources through a support structure in a fracture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010652816.8A CN113913176A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Fracturing fluid and method for fracturing in shale by using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010652816.8A CN113913176A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Fracturing fluid and method for fracturing in shale by using same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113913176A true CN113913176A (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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| CN202010652816.8A Pending CN113913176A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Fracturing fluid and method for fracturing in shale by using same |
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Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102071919A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-gas well fiber assisted water control fracturing method |
| CN102536188A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Fiber conveying device applied in fiber assisted fracturing process of oil-gas well and operating method for fiber conveying device |
| CN103266877A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Proppant reflux control system and control method based on magnetic proppant |
| CN103555312A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Nano composite fiber clean fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN103741466A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-23 | 四川省博仁达石油科技有限公司 | Modified fiber for fracturing and preparation process |
| CN104405360A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院 | Fracturing method capable of improving sand-carrying performance of fracturing liquid |
| CN104727800A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Temporary blocking turnaround fracturing method based on surface modified polyvinyl alcohol fibers |
| CN105401446A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Scattering treatment method for hydrophilic chopped fiber for fracturing |
| CN106479475A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of can low temperature hydrolysis fiber fracturing liquid preparing process |
| CN108676553A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-19 | 成都劳恩普斯科技有限公司 | Fiber fracturing liquid and make fiber with proppant the evenly dispersed method coupled in fracturing fluid |
| CN110055049A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-07-26 | 阳泉煤业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of proppant system preparation method for hydraulic fracturing |
-
2020
- 2020-07-08 CN CN202010652816.8A patent/CN113913176A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102071919A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-05-25 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-gas well fiber assisted water control fracturing method |
| CN102536188A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Fiber conveying device applied in fiber assisted fracturing process of oil-gas well and operating method for fiber conveying device |
| CN103266877A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Proppant reflux control system and control method based on magnetic proppant |
| CN103555312A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Nano composite fiber clean fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN103741466A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-23 | 四川省博仁达石油科技有限公司 | Modified fiber for fracturing and preparation process |
| CN104405360A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-11 | 中石化胜利油田分公司采油工艺研究院 | Fracturing method capable of improving sand-carrying performance of fracturing liquid |
| CN104727800A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Temporary blocking turnaround fracturing method based on surface modified polyvinyl alcohol fibers |
| CN105401446A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Scattering treatment method for hydrophilic chopped fiber for fracturing |
| CN106479475A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-03-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of can low temperature hydrolysis fiber fracturing liquid preparing process |
| CN108676553A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-19 | 成都劳恩普斯科技有限公司 | Fiber fracturing liquid and make fiber with proppant the evenly dispersed method coupled in fracturing fluid |
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Application publication date: 20220111 |