CN113912953A - Foaming material and method for preparing rubber foaming plate by using same - Google Patents
Foaming material and method for preparing rubber foaming plate by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912953A CN113912953A CN202111267323.3A CN202111267323A CN113912953A CN 113912953 A CN113912953 A CN 113912953A CN 202111267323 A CN202111267323 A CN 202111267323A CN 113912953 A CN113912953 A CN 113912953A
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/16—Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2477/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
- C08J2491/06—Waxes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of rubber materials, and particularly discloses a foaming material which comprises ethylene propylene diene monomer, paraffin oil, aluminum hydroxide filler, carbon black, an ADC foaming agent, an accelerator, stearic acid and auxiliary materials; the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18-28 parts of paraffin oil, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15-25 parts of carbon black, 3-7 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3-7 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of stearic acid and 2-6 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material is a mixture of a flame retardant and an adsorbent, and the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the adsorbent is 7: 1. The invention has flame retardance, can reduce the generation of harmful gas caused by rubber combustion; the foaming method has the advantages of simple foaming, can improve the foaming efficiency and reduce the energy consumption, and the obtained rubber has larger size and can meet the requirement on large-size rubber in production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber materials, and particularly relates to a foaming material and a method for preparing a rubber foaming plate by using the foaming material.
Background
Ethylene Propylene Diene monomer, which is a copolymer of ethylene, Propylene and a small amount of non-conjugated Diene, is one of ethylene Propylene rubbers, and its main chain is composed of chemically stable saturated hydrocarbons, and only contains unsaturated double bonds in the side chains, so that it has excellent aging resistance such as ozone resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, etc., and can be widely used in the fields of automobile parts, waterproof materials for buildings, wire and cable sheaths, heat-resistant rubber tubes, tapes, automobile seals, etc.
In the prior art, a sulfur, sulfur/peroxide and peroxide vulcanization system is generally adopted in the formula design of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM). Common accelerators of sulfur class, such as TMTD, DTDM and the like, have toxic and carcinogenic nitrosamine, and can seriously affect the body health of users; in addition, the prior ethylene propylene diene monomer has the defect of poor flame retardance, and harmful gases can be generated when rubber products are burnt.
In addition, in the traditional foaming mould pressing process, the production process and the processing process are complicated, and the size of the foaming box body is 2 meters by 1 meter, so that the size of the obtained finished product is fixed, and the requirement of larger size cannot be met.
There is currently no solution to the shortcomings of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a foaming material to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: a foaming material comprises ethylene propylene diene monomer, paraffin oil, aluminum hydroxide filler, carbon black, ADC foaming agent, accelerant, stearic acid and auxiliary materials; the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18-28 parts of paraffin oil, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15-25 parts of carbon black, 3-7 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3-7 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of stearic acid and 2-6 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material is a mixture of a flame retardant and an adsorbent, and the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the adsorbent is 7: 1.
Further: a trace amount of fixing agent or catalyst is added into the accelerator, and the adding amount of the fixing agent or catalyst accounts for 1% -2% of the total amount of the accelerator.
Further: the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and polyamide, and the ammonium polyphosphate, the pentaerythritol and the polyamide are respectively prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 28-31 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7-8 parts of pentaerythritol and 41-43 parts of polyamide.
Further: the adsorbent is activated carbon.
Further: the paraffin oil comprises food-grade paraffin oil and semi-refined paraffin, and the mass ratio of the food-grade paraffin oil to the semi-refined paraffin is 20: 3.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the rubber foaming plate by continuously extruding and foaming the foaming material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing to obtain a foaming material, and open-milling the foaming material to obtain a sheet with the thickness of more than or equal to 2 cm;
s2: and extruding the sheet material into an infrared furnace of a foaming furnace through an extruder, and foaming the sheet material in the remaining 6 sections of the subsequent foaming furnace after the sheet material is skinned through the infrared furnace to obtain the rubber foaming plate.
Further, the temperature of the mixing in the step S1 is 45-60 ℃, and the mixing time is not less than 3 minutes.
Further, the total length of the foaming furnace in the step S2 is 64m, and the total length is divided into 7 sections, wherein the length of the first section infrared furnace is more than or equal to 8 m.
Further, the temperatures of the remaining 6 sections of the sheet in the foaming furnace were respectively: 195 deg.C, 205 deg.C, 215 deg.C, 225 deg.C, 235 deg.C and 240 deg.C; and the time of the sheet in the remaining 6 periods is 1.5min, 2.8min, 6.2min, 13min, 15min and 18min respectively.
The invention discloses a foaming material, which has the following beneficial effects:
the flame retardant is added into the foaming material, so that the prepared rubber product has flame retardance and can reduce the generation of harmful gas caused by rubber combustion;
the foaming method has the advantages of simple foaming, can improve the foaming efficiency and reduce the energy consumption, and the obtained rubber has larger size and can meet the requirement on large-size rubber in production.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
A foaming material comprises ethylene propylene diene monomer, paraffin oil, aluminum hydroxide filler, carbon black, ADC foaming agent, accelerant, stearic acid and auxiliary materials; the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18-28 parts of paraffin oil, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15-25 parts of carbon black, 3-7 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3-7 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of stearic acid and 2-6 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material is a mixture of a flame retardant and an adsorbent, and the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the adsorbent is 7: 1.
Wherein: a trace amount of fixing agent or catalyst is added into the accelerator, and the adding amount of the fixing agent or catalyst accounts for 1% -2% of the total amount of the accelerator. The addition of the fixing agent or the catalyst can improve the reaction rate of the accelerator and reduce the reaction time, thereby greatly shortening the mixing time of the foaming material.
Wherein: the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and polyamide, and the ammonium polyphosphate, the pentaerythritol and the polyamide are respectively prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 28-31 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7-8 parts of pentaerythritol and 41-43 parts of polyamide. In the case of a higher temperature: ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol can perform esterification reaction, polyamide is used as a catalyst of the esterification reaction to accelerate the reaction, so before and during the esterification reaction, the generated non-combustible gas enables the rubber product to expand and foam, and meanwhile, pentaerythritol and ester are dehydrated and carbonized to form inorganic matters and carbon residues, the rubber product is further foamed, gelled and solidified, and finally, a porous foam carbon layer is formed, so that the flame retardant effect can be achieved.
Wherein: the adsorbent is activated carbon. The rubber product can produce some gas when being left in the environment for a long time, and the active carbon can play the adsorption to these gas, avoids gaseous entering environment, and especially sealed environment arouses the uncomfortable condition of personnel's health in the environment.
Wherein: the paraffin oil comprises food-grade paraffin oil and semi-refined paraffin, and the mass ratio of the food-grade paraffin oil to the semi-refined paraffin is 20: 3.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for preparing the rubber foaming plate by continuously extruding and foaming the foaming material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing to obtain a foaming material, and open-milling the foaming material to obtain a sheet with the thickness of more than or equal to 2 cm;
s2: and extruding the sheet material into an infrared furnace of a foaming furnace through an extruder, and foaming the sheet material in the remaining 6 sections of the subsequent foaming furnace after the sheet material is skinned through the infrared furnace to obtain the rubber foaming plate.
Wherein the mixing temperature in the step S1 is 45-60 ℃, and the mixing time is not less than 3 minutes.
Wherein, the total length of the foaming furnace in the step S2 is 64m, the total length is divided into 7 sections, and the length of the first section infrared furnace is more than or equal to 8 m.
Wherein, the temperature of the sheet in the remaining 6 sections of the foaming furnace is respectively as follows: 195 deg.C, 205 deg.C, 215 deg.C, 225 deg.C, 235 deg.C and 240 deg.C; and the time of the sheet in the remaining 6 periods is 1.5min, 2.8min, 6.2min, 13min, 15min and 18min respectively.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the above technical solutions of the present invention are provided in different examples and comparative examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
according to the weight of 1g, 20 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18 parts of paraffin oil, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3 parts of accelerator, 2 parts of stearic acid and 2 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material comprises a flame retardant and an adsorbent in a mass ratio of 7:1, the flame retardant comprises 28 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7 parts of pentaerythritol and 41 parts of polyamide, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber.
Example two:
according to the weight of 1g, 25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 23 parts of paraffin oil, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 20 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of ADC foaming agent, 6 parts of accelerator, 3 parts of stearic acid and 4 parts of auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are a flame retardant and an adsorbent in a mass ratio of 7:1, the flame retardant comprises 29 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7 parts of pentaerythritol and 42 parts of polyamide, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foaming sheet.
Comparative example one:
according to the weight of 1g, 20 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18 parts of paraffin oil, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3 parts of accelerator, 2 parts of stearic acid and 2 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material is an activated carbon adsorbent, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foamed sheet.
Comparative example two:
according to the weight of 1g, 25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 23 parts of paraffin oil, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 20 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of ADC foaming agent, 6 parts of accelerant, 3 parts of stearic acid and 4 parts of auxiliary material which is an activated carbon adsorbent are taken, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foamed sheet.
The rubber foamed sheets of the first example, the second example, the first comparative example and the second comparative example are taken as the same size, 5cm by 10cm is taken as an example, and the combustion performance close to a fire source in an oxygen-rich environment with the oxygen content of more than or equal to 21 percent is respectively tested, and the results are as follows:
table one: test for Combustion Performance
| ExamplesA | Example two | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example No. two | |
| Whether or not to burn after approaching | Combustion started after 10s | After 8s, combustion is started | Close to the last 2s internal combustion | Close to the last 2s internal combustion |
| Time of combustion after leaving the source of fire | Flame reduction, 4s after extinguishment | Flame reduction, 3s after extinguishment | Complete combustion | Complete combustion |
As can be seen from the above table, the rubber in the first and second examples of the present application has a slow burning speed in the flame and gradually extinguishes after leaving the flame, while the rubber in the comparative example without the flame retardant has a fast burning speed in the flame and can still continue burning after leaving the flame, thereby demonstrating that the foamed rubber sheet prepared from the foamed material of the present invention has good flame retardancy.
Example three:
according to the weight of 1g, 20 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18 parts of paraffin oil, 10 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3 parts of accelerator, 2 parts of stearic acid and 2 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material comprises a flame retardant and an adsorbent in a mass ratio of 7:1, the flame retardant comprises 28 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7 parts of pentaerythritol and 41 parts of polyamide, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foaming sheet.
Example four:
according to the weight of 1g, 25 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 23 parts of paraffin oil, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 20 parts of carbon black, 5 parts of ADC foaming agent, 6 parts of accelerator, 3 parts of stearic acid and 4 parts of auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are a flame retardant and an adsorbent in a mass ratio of 7:1, the flame retardant comprises 29 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7 parts of pentaerythritol and 42 parts of polyamide, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foaming sheet.
Example five:
according to the weight of 1g, 30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 28 parts of paraffin oil, 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 25 parts of carbon black, 7 parts of ADC foaming agent, 7 parts of accelerator, 4 parts of stearic acid and 6 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material comprises flame retardant and adsorbent in a mass ratio of 7:1, the flame retardant comprises 31 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 8 parts of pentaerythritol and 43 parts of polyamide, and the adsorbent is activated carbon, and the materials are processed according to a continuous extrusion foaming method to obtain the rubber foaming sheet.
The rubber foamed sheets of the third, fourth and fifth examples were tested for various performance parameters, and the results are shown in table two:
table two: all performance parameters of the rubber foaming sheet material are tested
| Experimental project | Require that | EXAMPLE III | Example four | EXAMPLE five |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | ≥4.0 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.0 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | ≥150 | 256 | 250 | 247 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) after standing at 100 ℃ for 72 hours | ≥3.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.0 |
| Tensile elongation (%) | ≥120 | 201 | 192 | 190 |
| Compression ratio of 50%, constant compression set (%) -after compression at 70 ℃ for 22h | ≤20 | 15 | 15 | 14 |
As can be seen from the table II, the rubber prepared by using the foaming material of the application meets the performance parameter requirements of the rubber industry on the rubber foaming sheet at present.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A foaming material is characterized by comprising ethylene propylene diene monomer, paraffin oil, aluminum hydroxide filling material, carbon black, ADC foaming agent, accelerant, stearic acid and auxiliary materials; the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-30 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 18-28 parts of paraffin oil, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide filler, 15-25 parts of carbon black, 3-7 parts of ADC foaming agent, 3-7 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of stearic acid and 2-6 parts of auxiliary material, wherein the auxiliary material is a mixture of a flame retardant and an adsorbent, and the mass ratio of the flame retardant to the adsorbent is 7: 1.
2. A foamed material according to claim 1, wherein: a trace amount of fixing agent or catalyst is added into the accelerator, and the adding amount of the fixing agent or catalyst accounts for 1% -2% of the total amount of the accelerator.
3. A foam material according to claim 2, wherein: the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate, pentaerythritol and polyamide, and the ammonium polyphosphate, the pentaerythritol and the polyamide are respectively prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 28-31 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 7-8 parts of pentaerythritol and 41-43 parts of polyamide.
4. A foamed material according to claim 3, wherein: the adsorbent is activated carbon.
5. A foamed material according to claim 4, wherein: the paraffin oil comprises food-grade paraffin oil and semi-refined paraffin, and the mass ratio of the food-grade paraffin oil to the semi-refined paraffin is 20: 3.
6. A method for producing a rubber foamed sheet using the foamed material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing to obtain a foaming material, and open-milling the foaming material to obtain a sheet with the thickness of more than or equal to 2 cm;
s2: and extruding the sheet material into an infrared furnace of a foaming furnace through an extruder, and foaming the sheet material in the remaining 6 sections of the subsequent foaming furnace after the sheet material is skinned through the infrared furnace to obtain the rubber foaming plate.
7. The method for preparing rubber foamed sheet according to claim 6, wherein the temperature for kneading in step S1 is 45 to 60 ℃ and the kneading time is not less than 3 minutes.
8. The method for preparing rubber foamed sheets according to claim 7, wherein the total length of the foaming furnace in step S2 is 64m, and the total length is 7 segments, wherein the length of the first segment infrared furnace is greater than or equal to 8 m.
9. The method for preparing rubber foamed sheet according to claim 8, wherein the temperatures of the remaining 6 stages of the sheet in the foaming furnace are respectively: 195 deg.C, 205 deg.C, 215 deg.C, 225 deg.C, 235 deg.C and 240 deg.C; and the time of the sheet in the remaining 6 periods is 1.5min, 2.8min, 6.2min, 13min, 15min and 18min respectively.
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