CN113912932A - Thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912932A CN113912932A CN202111404719.8A CN202111404719A CN113912932A CN 113912932 A CN113912932 A CN 113912932A CN 202111404719 A CN202111404719 A CN 202111404719A CN 113912932 A CN113912932 A CN 113912932A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/22—Halogen free composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cable materials. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a blend and preparing a cable material, wherein the blend is prepared by mixing and extruding bimodal polyethylene and metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, and then the blend and other raw materials are banburied and extruded to obtain the cable material. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity, easy control, excellent mechanical property of the prepared thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and stable quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cable materials.
Background
In order to meet the requirement of cable sheath materials on flame retardance, flame retardants are often added into cable materials, and the traditional flame retarding method is to add halogen-containing halides and metal oxides into the cable materials, but the flame retarding cable materials can release a large amount of smoke and hydrogen halide gas during combustion, so that the visibility is low during fire, and people in the fire are poisoned and suffocated to die due to the inhalation of toxic gas. At present, in order to improve the safety of the cable sheath material, a large amount of hydroxide flame retardant is used for filling, and the halogen-free flame retardant is used for realizing the flame retardant function of the cable sheath material. However, the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material are inferior to those of the polyvinyl chloride cable material, which is specifically shown in that the tensile strength at break of the polyvinyl chloride cable material is generally 16-20 MPa, and the elongation at break is 200-300%, while the tensile strength at break of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material is generally 10-13 MPa, and the elongation at break is 160-200%. Based on the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cable material, the use of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cable material as a cable in some application scenes is limited.
In the prior art, a method for improving the performance of the halogen-free low-smoke flame retardant polyolefin cable material is adopted by carrying out surface treatment on the flame retardant filler or crosslinking the product, but the method for treating the surface of the flame retardant filler has limited and unstable effect, has different treatment effects on different flame retardants, and is extremely difficult to control the addition amount in actual production. The method for crosslinking the product requires the addition of a crosslinking agent material, and requires a certain amount of crosslinking material after the cable is prepared, which is very high in cost. Therefore, how to simply and stably improve and enhance the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material in a low-cost manner is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material comprises the following steps:
preparing a blend material: and (2) uniformly mixing and stirring the bimodal polyethylene and the metallocene linear low-density polyethylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-7, and then extruding and granulating to obtain a blend.
Preparing a cable material: mixing and banburying the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the blend, the residual metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, the maleic anhydride graft, the ethylene-octene copolymer, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the flame retardant, and extruding and granulating the mixture after banburying to obtain the modified metallocene linear low-density polyethylene.
Further, the cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant.
Further, the metallocene linear low density polyethylene has a melt index of 2-5 g/10 min.
Further, the melt index of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 3-8 g/10 min.
Further, the antioxidant is any one or more of an antioxidant 1010, dilauryl thiodipropionate or an antioxidant 300.
Further, the extrusion temperature in the step of preparing the blend is 160-190 ℃, and the extrusion temperature in the step of preparing the cable material is 100-140 ℃.
Further, the banburying time in the cable material preparation step is 10-15 min, and the material temperature reaches 160 ℃ after the banburying is finished.
The invention also aims to provide a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material prepared by the preparation method.
Further, the cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention prepares the blend by mixing and extruding the bimodal polyethylene and the metallocene linear low-density polyethylene to improve the molecular chain length of the bimodal polyethylene and solve the problem that the bimodal polyethylene is difficult to plasticize and disperse in material mixing. In the blending process, metallocene linear low-density polyethylene is utilized to promote molecular chains of the bimodal polyethylene to spread in advance, so that the temperature required by the movement of molecular chain segments of a high-molecular-weight part in the bimodal polyethylene is reduced, the banburying time is shortened, the extrusion temperature is reduced, and the reduction of energy consumption in a preparation process is facilitated. Meanwhile, the molecular chains of the high molecular weight part in the bimodal polyethylene are fully expanded, so that the mechanical property of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material is further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a blend material: adding the bimodal polyethylene and the metallocene linear low-density polyethylene into a stirring cylinder according to the mass ratio of 1 (5-7), uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out extrusion granulation at the extrusion temperature of 160-190 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. The melt index of the bimodal polyethylene adopted by the invention is 0.2 +/-0.05 g/10min, the high weight-average molecular weight is 13-14 ten thousand, and the low weight-average molecular weight is 9-10 ten thousand. The adopted metallocene linear low-density polyethylene has a melt index of 2-5 g/10 min.
Preparing a cable material: mixing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a blend, the rest metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, maleic anhydride graft, ethylene-octene copolymer, an antioxidant, a lubricant and a flame retardant, adding into an internal mixer for internal mixing, wherein the internal mixing time is 10-15 min, the material temperature reaches 160 ℃ after internal mixing, discharging from the internal mixer into a double-cone feeder, extruding and granulating by a double-stage extruder, the extrusion temperature is 100-140 ℃, and packaging after air cooling. The cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a melt index of 3-8 g/10min, the maleic acid graft can be maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, maleic anhydride grafted linear low-density polyethylene or maleic anhydride graft of a blend of the ethylene-octene copolymer and the low-density polyethylene, the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, dilauryl thiodipropionate or antioxidant 300, the lubricant can be silicone lubricant or polyethylene wax, and the flame retardant can be magnesium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or ammonium polyphosphate.
The invention also provides a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material prepared by the preparation method. The cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant.
Example one
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a blend material: putting the bimodal polyethylene and the metallocene linear low-density polyethylene into a stirring cylinder according to the mass ratio of 1:5, uniformly mixing and stirring, adding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out extrusion granulation at the extrusion temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain a mixed material.
Preparing a cable material: mixing 54 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 28 parts of the prepared blend, 2 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 6 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.4 part of antioxidant 1010, 0.6 part of silicone lubricant and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide, putting into an internal mixer, discharging from the internal mixer into a double-cone feeding machine after the material temperature reaches 160 ℃ after internal mixing for 15min, and then extruding and granulating by a double-stage extruder at the extrusion temperature of 130 ℃ to obtain the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: the blend of this example was extruded from a blend of bimodal polyethylene and metallocene linear low density polyethylene in a 1:6 mass ratio at a temperature of 190 ℃. The cable material of the embodiment is prepared by mixing and banburying 45 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 30 parts of the prepared blend, 15 parts of maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene, 10 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.5 part of antioxidant 300, 2 parts of silicone lubricant and 150 parts of aluminum hydroxide, banburying for 10min, extruding after the material temperature reaches 160 ℃, and the extrusion temperature is 140 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: the blend of this example was extruded from a blend of bimodal polyethylene and metallocene linear low density polyethylene in a 1:7 mass ratio at 175 ℃. The cable material of the embodiment is prepared by mixing and banburying 38 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 35 parts of the blend prepared above, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted linear low density polyethylene, 15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.1 part of dilauryl thiodipropionate, 4 parts of silicone lubricant and 170 parts of aluminum hydroxide, extruding after the material temperature reaches 160 ℃ after banburying for 13min, and the extrusion temperature is 120 ℃.
Example four
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: the blend of this example was extruded from a blend of bimodal polyethylene and metallocene linear low density polyethylene in a 1:5 mass ratio at 180 ℃. The cable material of the embodiment is prepared by mixing and banburying 45 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 25 parts of the prepared blend, 10 parts of metallocene linear low density polyethylene, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.3 part of antioxidant 1010, 1 part of silicone lubricant and 180 parts of aluminum hydroxide, extruding after the temperature of the material reaches 160 ℃ after banburying 12min, and the extrusion temperature is 120 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from the first example mainly in that: the cable material of the comparative example is obtained by blending and extruding 30 parts of metallocene linear low density polyethylene, 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 7 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.4 part of antioxidant 1010, 0.4 part of silicone lubricant and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide, wherein the banburying and extrusion processes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Comparative example No. two
The comparative example differs from the first example mainly in that: the cable material of the comparative example is obtained by mixing and extruding 27 parts of metallocene linear low density polyethylene, 3 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 12 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, 7 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 0.4 part of antioxidant 1010, 0.4 part of silicone lubricant and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and the mixing and extruding processes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Product detection
The mechanical properties of the cable materials prepared in examples one to four and comparative examples one and two were measured according to the method of GB/T2951.11-2008, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of mechanical Properties measurements of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from table 1, compared with the first and second comparison documents, the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has significantly improved and enhanced mechanical properties, and the mechanical property improvement effect of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material is very limited without adding bimodal polyethylene or directly adding bimodal polyethylene, and the use limitation of some application scenarios on the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cable material cannot be removed.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a blend material: uniformly mixing and stirring bimodal polyethylene and metallocene linear low-density polyethylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-7, and then extruding and granulating to obtain a blend;
preparing a cable material: mixing and banburying the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the blend, the residual metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, the maleic anhydride graft, the ethylene-octene copolymer, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the flame retardant, and extruding and granulating the mixture after banburying to obtain the modified metallocene linear low-density polyethylene.
2. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant.
3. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metallocene linear low density polyethylene has a melt index of 2-5 g/10 min.
4. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has a melt index of 3-8 g/10 min.
5. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the antioxidant is one or more of an antioxidant 1010, dilauryl thiodipropionate or an antioxidant 300.
6. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extrusion temperature in the step of preparing the blend is 160-190 ℃, and the extrusion temperature in the step of preparing the cable material is 100-140 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the banburying time of the cable material preparation step is 10-15 min, and the material temperature reaches 160 ℃ after banburying.
8. A thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material is characterized in that: prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The thermoplastic halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant polyolefin cable material according to claim 8, characterized in that: the cable material comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 35-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-15 parts of maleic acid graft, 6-15 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3-5 parts of bimodal polyethylene, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0.5-4 parts of lubricant and 150-180 parts of flame retardant.
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CN105295184A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-02-03 | 欧宝聚合物江苏有限公司 | High-abrasion-resistant cross-linked low smoke zero halogen cable material processed under irradiation of 125 DEG C and preparation method |
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