CN113912237A - Heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process - Google Patents
Heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113912237A CN113912237A CN202111275030.XA CN202111275030A CN113912237A CN 113912237 A CN113912237 A CN 113912237A CN 202111275030 A CN202111275030 A CN 202111275030A CN 113912237 A CN113912237 A CN 113912237A
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/023—Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps: s1: pretreating the wastewater, removing oil and filtering the wastewater, adding a demulsifier into the wastewater, and continuously stirring; s2: performing ammonia distillation treatment on the wastewater treated in the step S1, adjusting the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, and adding a photosensitizer; s3: pre-oxidizing the wastewater under the illumination condition, filtering the wastewater, performing super-oxidation under the illumination condition, and adding a photosensitizer and hydrogen peroxide; s4: neutralizing the waste water, and then filtering to obtain clear water. The heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process has the advantages of low cost, less sludge generation and good water purification effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process.
Background
Because the tar contains natural interface active substances such as asphalt, colloid, quinoline polar substances, coal powder, free carbon and other emulsifiers, the tar and the ammonia water are easy to emulsify and not easy to separate out under the action of high temperature and high speed stirring in the refining process (see figure 2). In the existing sewage treatment process in the semi-coke industry at present, a demulsification procedure is not adopted, and because semi-coke wastewater contains a large amount of emulsion of tar and ammonia, the pressure of an ammonia distillation system is improved, the resistance is increased, the ammonia distillation time is further prolonged, the efficiency and the service life of ammonia distillation equipment are reduced, and the heat consumption and the equipment maintenance cost are increased.
And the defects of the prior art that the use of a strong oxidant is increased in sludge amount, the concentration of chloride ions in wastewater is increased, the operation cost is increased, and the strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate and the like is not easy to purchase as a limiting product. In the prior art, the heavily-polluted semi-coke wastewater not only generates a large amount of sludge, but also has high one-time investment and operation cost, and the concentration of chloride ions in the treated heavily-polluted semi-coke wastewater is too high, so that the whole set of treatment process is urgently needed to be optimized and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is provided to solve the problems of the prior art, such as large amount of sludge generated from the heavy-polluted semi-coke wastewater, high cost, and excessive concentration of chloride ions in the treated heavy-polluted semi-coke wastewater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
S1: pretreating the wastewater, removing oil and filtering the wastewater, adding a demulsifier into the wastewater, and continuously stirring;
s2: performing ammonia distillation treatment on the wastewater treated in the step S1, adjusting the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, and adding a photosensitizer;
s3: pre-oxidizing the wastewater under the illumination condition, filtering the wastewater, performing super-oxidation under the illumination condition, and adding a photosensitizer and hydrogen peroxide;
s4: neutralizing the waste water, and then filtering to obtain clear water.
The demulsifier is one of SP type demulsifier, AP type demulsifier, AE type demulsifier, AR type demulsifier or compound A.
The SP demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, the AP demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether using polyethylene polyamine as an initiator, the AE demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether using polyethylene polyamine as an initiator, and the AR demulsifier is a novel oil-soluble nonionic demulsifier formed by mixing alkylphenol aldehyde resin, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene.
The compound A is:
r in the compound A1、R2、R3Are identical alkyl chains including C8H17、C14H29Or C16H33. The demulsifier used in the invention has low consumption and high efficiency, and only 0.4-1% of demulsifier is needed to be added into each ton of wastewater; and the water quality can not be changed; does not change the equilibrium point of any chemical reaction; greatly reducing the interfacial film of the emulsion reaction.
Because the tar contains natural interface active substances such as asphalt, colloid, quinoline polar substances, coal powder, free carbon and other emulsifiers, the tar and the ammonia water are easy to emulsify and not easy to separate out under the action of high temperature and high speed stirring in the refining process (see figure 2). Therefore, the effect of the follow-up ammonia distillation treatment by pre-treating to remove oil and suspended matters in the first step has great influence, if the waste water contains too much tar during ammonia distillation, the pressure of the ammonia distillation system is improved, the resistance is increased, the ammonia distillation time is prolonged, the efficiency and the service life of the ammonia distillation equipment are reduced, and the heat consumption and the equipment maintenance cost are increased.
The addition amount of the demulsifier in the step S1 is 0.4-1% of the weight of the sewage.
The photosensitizer in the steps S2 and S3 is tricobalt tetroxide.
The adding amount of the photosensitizer in the step S2 and the step S3 is 0.1-1% of the weight of the sewage to be treated, and the weight ratio of the photosensitizer to hydrogen peroxide in the step S3 is 1: (0.3-0.7).
The weight ratio of the photosensitizer to the hydrogen peroxide in the step S3 is 1: 0.5.
and in the step S2, ammonia distillation is carried out in an ammonia distillation tower, wherein the temperature of the ammonia distillation is 100-105 ℃.
The pre-oxidation treatment in the S3 is carried out in an optical pre-oxidation treatment device, the optical pre-oxidation treatment device comprises a wastewater pool, a suspension support frame is arranged in the wastewater pool, a plurality of uniformly distributed support rod groups are arranged in the suspension support frame, an access platform is arranged between the support rod groups, and a plurality of access ladders are arranged on the side wall of the wastewater pool;
the hanging support frame comprises fixed rods arranged on the periphery inside the wastewater pool, the support rod groups are connected through the fixed rods, and a plurality of uniformly distributed structural beams are arranged at the top of the wastewater pool; the structure beam is provided with a reinforcing rod, and the reinforcing rod is connected with the fixed rod.
A plurality of lamp groups which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the support rod group, and gaps exist between the lamp groups;
the lamp group comprises a main body and a light source, wherein the bottom of the main body is provided with a light support frame, and the light source is arranged between the light support frame and the main body;
the top of main part is equipped with articulated access door, is equipped with the power in the main part, and the power is electric connection with the light source.
Two air outlets are arranged on two sides of the top of the main body, a cover is arranged at the air outlet, and an opening is formed in one side of the cover. The gas vent can be with the heat effluvium that produces in the main part, and gas vent department is equipped with the lid, when can preventing that water from putting into the waste water pond, water directly gets into the gas vent.
The light support frame is U-shaped.
The wavelength of the light source is 185-400 nm.
The access platform is glass or cement or any working platform resistant to water corrosion.
The lamp group comprises a first supporting rod and a second supporting rod, and the distance between the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod is the width of the lamp group.
The height of the wastewater in the wastewater pool is lower than that of the lamp group.
In specific use, water to be purified is injected into the bottom of the wastewater pool from the gap of the lamp tube through the water pipe, the light source of the lamp group is turned on, photochemical reaction can be carried out in the wastewater, and pollutants in the wastewater are oxidized and decomposed by using strong oxidizing substances (without adding any pre-oxidant) generated by the light source. Thereby purifying the water quality, and the technology has the advantages of high reaction speed, low energy consumption and the like, and is convenient for rapid popularization and application.
This device is through business turn over ladder and discrepancy platform, and the people can come in and go out to maintain the banks on the platform, makes things convenient for the staff to overhaul equipment, maintain the unit mount change to and work such as operation gas vent exhaust.
The pre-oxidation is to make photochemical reaction in the waste water, and uses strong oxidizing substance generated by the light source (without adding any pre-oxidant) to oxidize and decompose pollutants in the water. The principle of pre-oxidation is as follows:
superoxidation is the ROS chain reaction formed by electron transfer using the catalyst's own crystal structure and by energy transfer using light energy plus a photosensitizer:
chain reaction mechanism: under the action of light, the photosensitizer is excited to produce hydroxyl radical, Co3++H2O+hν→Co(OH)2++H+→Co2++HO·+H+;
The chain reaction process can generate a large amount of hydroxyl radicals (HO.), and the reaction has very strict requirements on reaction conditions (such as the wavelength of a light source and the pH value of a solution). However, it was found through experimentation that once the chain reaction was initiated, it was very fast.
The metal oxide ions in the conventional Fenton reaction are not strictly regarded as catalysts because the ions are irreversibly consumed during the reaction, as in the comparative patent, M (III) + H2O2→ M (II) + HO (wherein M represents metal oxide ion) consumes one mole of hydrogen peroxide, the cost is high, the reaction is an irreversible process, the metal oxide is a consumable, the operation cost is high, the generated ferrous ion can form precipitate, more sludge is generated to cause secondary pollution,
the light-assisted super oxidation reaction process equation in the patent is as follows:
M(III)+H2O2→M(II)+HO· (1)
under the action of illumination, M (II) + H2O2→M(III)+OH-+OH· (2)
The reaction is seen to be reversible, the metal oxide ions are not reduced during the reaction, and a large number of hydroxyl radicals are generated. The hydroxyl radical (. OH) is the most active one of the active molecules and one of the most aggressive chemical species, and can react with almost all biomolecules, organic or inorganic species in a variety of different types, with a very high reaction rate constant and electrophilicity of negative charge. Hydroxyl radical is one of the most powerful radicals in the active oxygen radicals known at present, and can react with various molecules in the living body through electron transfer, addition, dehydrogenation and the like, so that substances such as saccharides, amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and the like are oxidized. The hydroxyl free radical has short service life, high reaction activity and low existing concentration, so that how to effectively and accurately utilize the hydroxyl free radical to treat the wastewater is a unique technology of our company. COD, ammonia nitrogen and BOD in the sewage are decomposed into CO in an FQ super oxidation tank2、 N2And water, all indexes can reach the standard, and more than or equal to 90 percent of the waste water can be recycled.
The photo-assisted advanced oxidation is a super oxidation method, which utilizes the activity of hydroxyl radical (. OH), which is the most active one of active molecules and one of the most aggressive chemical substances, and can react with almost all biological molecules, organic substances or inorganic substances in various types, with very high reaction rate constant and electrophilicity of negative charges. Hydroxyl radical is one of the most powerful radicals in the active oxygen radicals known at present, and can react with various molecules in the living body through electron transfer, addition, dehydrogenation and the like, so that substances such as saccharides, amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and the like are oxidized.
After super oxidation, the color of the waste water is the same as that of clear water, the COD concentration is 7 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 4.84 mg/L. Neither cyanide nor volatile phenol was detected. The amount of sludge (wet sludge) produced per ton of wastewater is about 3-4 kg.
Compared with the prior art, the heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process has the following beneficial effects:
the demulsifier used in the invention has low consumption and high efficiency, and only 0.4-1% of demulsifier is needed to be added into each ton of wastewater; and the water quality can not be changed; does not change the equilibrium point of any chemical reaction; greatly reducing the interfacial film of the emulsion reaction.
The invention uses the hydroxyl radical generated by the reaction of the light source and the photocatalyst to treat the wastewater. The hydroxyl free radical has extremely strong electron-gaining capability, namely oxidation capability, and the oxidation potential is 2.8V. Is second only to fluorine in nature. Therefore, the COD in the sewage can be greatly reduced by using a small amount of the nano photosensitizer and light energy, and the chroma of the sewage after super oxidation is the same as that of clear water.
The operation cost is greatly reduced, secondary pollutants of the sludge are not generated any more, the metal oxide can be repeatedly applied after being treated, and at least 90 percent of wastewater can be recycled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for treating heavy-pollution semi-coke wastewater;
FIG. 2 shows the emulsification degree of the heavily polluted semi-coke wastewater;
FIG. 3 shows the wastewater after demulsification and ammonia distillation;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of pre-oxidation and filtration;
FIG. 5 shows the pH measurements and water quality after superoxidation.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples.
Comparative example 1:
salting out method:
salting out: adding calcium chloride into the reactor, continuously introducing wastewater and/or reflux liquid, and continuously evaporating water, and continuously precipitating organic matters in the wastewater in the form of floccules through salting-out;
flocculation: continuously introducing the wastewater containing the floccules into an overflow tank, adding a flocculating agent into the overflow tank to flocculate and precipitate suspended matters containing the floccules in the wastewater, and refluxing the upper-layer liquid of the overflow tank to the reactor;
when the COD and the like of the wastewater in the reactor are enriched to a certain concentration, all or part of the wastewater is discharged.
Comparative example 2:
the coacervation method:
adding polyaluminium chloride to make it produce physical and chemical reaction with soluble and insoluble impurities and dirt in water to produce coagulation action, so that the impurities and dirt can be precipitated or floated and separated to purify water quality.
Comparative example 3:
the mixing method comprises the following steps:
salt electrolyte (such as 0.4 percent of calcium chloride) and coagulant (such as 0.2 percent of alum) are added into the emulsified waste liquid to achieve the purpose of demulsifying the emulsified liquid.
Comparative example 4:
hydrochloric acid is added into waste emulsion, and because anionic emulsifiers (such as sodium petroleum sulfonate and sulfonated castor oil) are mostly selected in the formula of the conventional emulsion, the emulsion is damaged when acid is encountered, corresponding organic acid is generated by emulsification, oil and water are separated, and the introduction of hydrogen ions in the acid is also beneficial to the demulsification process. The amount of acid is 0.2% of the weight of the emulsion to be treated, and the concentration is 37%; if waste acid is used, the amount of acid used should be increased appropriately.
Example 1:
s1: pretreating 1L of wastewater, removing oil and filtering the wastewater, adding 0.4L of demulsifier into the wastewater, and continuously stirring; the demulsifier is alkyl chain C8H17Compound A of (1);
s2: performing ammonia distillation treatment on the wastewater treated in the S1, wherein the temperature in an ammonia distillation tower is 100 ℃, then adjusting the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, and adding 0.5g of cobaltosic oxide;
s3: pre-oxidizing the wastewater under the illumination condition, filtering the wastewater, performing super-oxidation under the illumination condition, and adding 0.5g of cobaltosic oxide and 0.25L of 98% hydrogen peroxide solution;
s4: the wastewater is neutralized and then filtered.
The conditions of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 4 and the example 1 for sludge deposition and after emulsion breaking are shown in table 1, and the conditions in the example 1 can be seen from table 1.
Table 1: comparative examples 1 to 4 comparative example to example 1
In example 1, the daily amount of wastewater was 300m3The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is about 30 ten thousand mg/L, the total nitrogen is 20 ten thousand mg/L, the Fenton oxidation and biodegradation method is currently applied, about 3000 ten thousand yuan is invested at one time in the early stage, the cost of consumables and equipment maintenance cost consumed for treating one ton of water is about 55-65 yuan on average in normal work, the once investment cost is predicted to be reduced by 20% by applying the integral treatment process of the patent, about 2400 ten thousand yuan is approximately, and the cost of consumables and equipment maintenance for treating one ton of water is about 39-46 yuan. The outlet quality of water after this patent technology is handled: transformingChemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was about 28mg/L and total nitrogen was about 8 mg/L.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, so that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps
S1: pretreating the wastewater, removing oil and filtering the wastewater, adding a demulsifier into the wastewater, and continuously stirring;
s2: performing ammonia distillation treatment on the wastewater treated in the step S1, adjusting the pH of the wastewater to be neutral, and adding a photosensitizer;
s3: pre-oxidizing the wastewater under the illumination condition, filtering the wastewater, performing super-oxidation under the illumination condition, and adding a photosensitizer and hydrogen peroxide;
s4: neutralizing the waste water, and then filtering to obtain clear water.
2. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the demulsifier is one of SP type demulsifier, AP type demulsifier, AE type demulsifier, AR type demulsifier or compound A.
3. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the SP demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, the AP demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether using polyethylene polyamine as an initiator, the AE demulsifier is polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyether using polyethylene polyamine as an initiator, and the AR demulsifier is a novel oil-soluble nonionic demulsifier formed by mixing alkylphenol aldehyde resin, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene.
5. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the addition amount of the demulsifier in the step S1 is 0.4-1% of the weight of the sewage.
6. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the photosensitizer in the steps S2 and S3 is tricobalt tetroxide.
7. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adding amount of the photosensitizer in the step S2 and the step S3 is 0.1-1% of the weight of the sewage to be treated, and the weight ratio of the photosensitizer to hydrogen peroxide in the step S3 is 1: (0.3-0.7).
8. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the photosensitizer to the hydrogen peroxide in the step S3 is 1: 0.5.
9. the heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the step S2, ammonia distillation is carried out in an ammonia distillation tower, wherein the temperature of the ammonia distillation is 100-105 ℃.
10. The heavy pollution semi-coke wastewater treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pre-oxidation treatment in S3 is performed in an optical pre-oxidation treatment apparatus.
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CN104724888A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江汉蓝环境科技有限公司 | Decarbonization and total nitrogen removal treating process for semi-coking wastewater |
CN107487966A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-19 | 山东龙安泰环保科技有限公司 | A kind of coking distilled ammonia wastewater deep treatment method |
CN109399849A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-01 | 广东省建筑设计研究院 | A kind of semi-coke wastewater treatment process |
CN113060905A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-02 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | Semi coke quenching wastewater treatment process |
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CN104724888A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-06-24 | 浙江汉蓝环境科技有限公司 | Decarbonization and total nitrogen removal treating process for semi-coking wastewater |
CN107487966A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-19 | 山东龙安泰环保科技有限公司 | A kind of coking distilled ammonia wastewater deep treatment method |
CN109399849A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-01 | 广东省建筑设计研究院 | A kind of semi-coke wastewater treatment process |
CN113060905A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-02 | 浙江百能科技有限公司 | Semi coke quenching wastewater treatment process |
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