CN113911160A

CN113911160A - Drive device for uncoupling and automatic uncoupling mechanism of coupler

Info

Publication number: CN113911160A
Application number: CN202111340617.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖声; 唐飞; 李向福
Original assignee: Chengdu Kenaite Rail Transit Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Kenaite Rail Equipment Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-12
Filing date: 2021-11-12
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-12
Also published as: CN113911160B

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving device for uncoupling and an automatic uncoupling mechanism of a coupler thereof, relates to the technical field of rail transit, and solves the technical problems of poor stress condition, large volume and the like of the conventional automatic uncoupling mechanism. The invention relates to a driving device for unhooking, which comprises a cylinder, wherein a contact structure is arranged at the extending end of a piston rod assembly of the cylinder, the contact structure comprises a mounting cavity arranged on the end surface of the extending end of the piston rod assembly, and a ball body, one side of a ball center of which is positioned in the mounting cavity, and the other side of the ball center of which is in blocking fit with a piston baffle plate in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the piston baffle plate is fixed on the assembly through a fastener B. The ball rolling contact structure designed by the invention not only ensures the coaxiality of the stress direction and the driving direction of the driving source and improves the stress environment, but also has compact and simple whole installation structure and small occupied space, and effectively improves the assembly efficiency and the structural integrity of the driving device.

Description

Drive device for uncoupling and automatic uncoupling mechanism of coupler

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a driving device for uncoupling and an automatic uncoupling mechanism of a coupler of the driving device.

Background

A rail transit system refers to a transit system in which vehicles run on fixed rails and which is mainly used for transport, such as passenger transport. The vehicle and the locomotive are one of the core devices in the rail transit system, and in order to realize the coupling between the locomotive and the vehicle or between the vehicle and the vehicle, and to transmit the traction force and bear the impact force, and meanwhile, to keep the vehicle parts at a certain distance between the vehicles, the vehicle and the locomotive are mainly realized by combining a coupler with an automatic uncoupling and hooking mechanism at present. The car coupler is combined with an automatic uncoupling mechanism, the coupling mechanism can be called as a car coupler automatic uncoupling mechanism for short, the car coupler is arranged at the end part of a locomotive or a vehicle needing to be connected, automatic coupling and uncoupling operation is realized through the uncoupling mechanism, and the car coupler has the comprehensive functions of connection, traction and buffering.

In recent years, with the rapid development of rail transit, the automation of high-speed rails and subways is higher and higher, the requirement on an automatic uncoupling mechanism of a coupler connecting two adjacent rows of carriages is higher and higher, and new requirements on the precise and stable action, the simplified structure, the compact structure and the like of the automatic uncoupling mechanism are provided. The existing automatic unhooking mechanism has large volume, complex structure, not compact enough, heavy weight and poor product appearance; in order to match a sufficient linear driving stroke, the driving source of the automatic uncoupling mechanism disclosed in the prior art CN208530582U is large in size and heavy in weight, which not only affects the overall appearance of the automatic uncoupling mechanism and increases the overall weight of the device, but also is extremely inconvenient for later maintenance.

Meanwhile, in order to improve the stability of the driving source for driving the coupler knuckle to rotate and reduce friction, the driving source in the prior art is in contact with the coupler knuckle through the roller, the roller needs to rotate by adopting a wheel shaft coaxial with the roller, then the two end parts of the wheel shaft are provided with the supporting rods, and the roller is rotatably arranged at the driving end of the driving source through the supporting rods. In the rolling contact structure, firstly, the installation structure occupies a larger space; secondly, the support of gyro wheel in this structure only carries out the tip through the bracing piece and supports the atress portion few and the circumference distributes inhomogeneous.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a driving device for uncoupling and an automatic uncoupling mechanism of a coupler thereof.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the driving device for unhooking comprises a cylinder, wherein a contact structure is arranged at the extending end of a piston rod assembly of the cylinder, the contact structure comprises a mounting cavity arranged on the end face of the extending end of the piston rod assembly, one side of a sphere center is positioned in the mounting cavity, the other side of the sphere center and a piston baffle plate are matched with the sphere in a blocking mode in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the piston baffle plate is fixed on the assembly through a fastening piece B.

Furthermore, the cylinder end cover of the cylinder protrudes outwards to form a circular boss at one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell of the cylinder.

Furthermore, a vent hole in the end cover of the cylinder sinks into the inner cavity of the cylinder, the air pipe connector is matched with the vent hole, and a shaft shoulder of the air pipe connector is in contact with the end face of the outer side of the vent hole.

Furthermore, the cylinder is a secondary cylinder, a piston rod assembly of the secondary cylinder comprises a piston rod and a piston sleeve rod which are arranged from the center to the outside and are arranged in an inner cavity of the cylinder, an outer cylindrical surface of the piston sleeve rod is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the cylinder through a sealing ring A, and an outer cylindrical surface of the piston rod is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the piston sleeve rod through a sealing ring C;

the installation cavity is arranged on the piston rod, and the outer diameter of the piston baffle is larger than that of the small end of the piston rod.

Furthermore, an outer annular space is arranged in the middle of the matching of the inner cavity of the cylinder and the piston sleeve rod, and an exhaust hole A for communicating a chamber on one side of the cylinder, which is far away from the extending end of the piston rod, with the outer annular space is arranged at one end, which is close to the air source, of the piston sleeve rod;

an inner annular space is arranged in the middle of the piston sleeve rod matched with the piston rod, and an exhaust hole B for communicating a chamber on one side of the cylinder far away from the extending end of the piston rod with the inner annular space is arranged at one end of the piston rod close to the air source.

Furthermore, a lightening hole is formed in the end face, far away from the extending end of the piston rod, of the piston rod.

Furthermore, the installation cavity is of a hemispherical structure, and the part of the piston baffle plate, which is matched with the ball stop, is a spherical hole.

Furthermore, one side of the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder shell of the cylinder, which is close to the extending end of the piston rod assembly, is a conical surface, and the small-diameter end of the conical surface is close to the extending end of the piston rod assembly.

The device for driving the coupler knuckle to rotate of the automatic uncoupling device of the coupler is the driving device.

Further, in the automatic uncoupling device of coupling, evagination becomes the flange terminal surface on the outer periphery of the cylinder shell of cylinder, on the coupling head body of the automatic uncoupling device of coupling for the cylinder male hole body the tip outwards extend to with the flange terminal surface, the screw pass behind the flange terminal surface with the corresponding screw hole connection of coupling head body, and the extension position inner wall of hole body department is laminated with the outer periphery of cylinder shell.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. during machining, the coaxiality of the installation cavity and the piston rod assembly can be ensured directly through the clamping of a machine tool and the position of a cutter, so that the ball can be positioned directly through installation, the coaxiality of the ball and the piston rod assembly is ensured, the coaxiality of the stress direction and the axis of the ball and the piston rod assembly is convenient to realize in subsequent use, the stress environment is improved, and adverse conditions such as material fatigue, part damage and the like are prevented;

2. the hemispherical mounting cavity and the piston baffle with the inner hole being the taper hole increase the matching area of related parts and the ball body, improve the stability of ball body mounting, and further ensure that the ball body only rotates along the self spherical center and cannot shake in the mounting cavity; meanwhile, when the driving device is driven, the reaction force borne by the driving device is consistent with the self axis and cannot deviate from the self axis, so that the situation that the stress position of the driving end of the driving source deviates from the center and the end part of the driving end is easy to deform and damage is effectively avoided;

3. the invention improves the prior roller friction reducing structure into the ball rolling contact structure designed by the scheme, and has compact and simple whole mounting structure and small occupied space while ensuring the coaxiality of the stress direction and the driving direction of the driving source and improving the stress environment, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency and the structural integrity of the driving device;

4. the outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell of the cylinder, so that when the cylinder end cover is installed, the cylinder end cover can be radially positioned by the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell through the circular boss, and the assembling convenience of the cylinder end cover is improved;

5. the outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss on the cylinder end cover is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell of the cylinder, so that when the cylinder end cover is installed, the cylinder end cover can be radially positioned by the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder shell through the circular boss, and the convenience of assembling the cylinder end cover is improved;

6. the automatic unhooking and unhooking device has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied space, light weight and attractive appearance. The contact part of the cylinder and the coupler knuckle can ensure the coaxiality of force application and stress, and can realize rolling contact by adopting a simple structure, thereby facilitating the pushing and returning of the coupler knuckle.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the proportional relationship of each component in the drawings in this specification does not represent the proportional relationship in the actual material selection design, and is only a schematic diagram of the structure or the position, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the unhooking drive;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the unhooking drive;

FIG. 3 is a control schematic of the cylinders;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the unhooking mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the unhooking mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the primary core components of the unhooking structure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the two coupler automatic uncoupling mechanisms coupled together;

figure 10 is a two coupler automatic mechanism disengagement diagram.

Reference numerals in the drawings indicate:

1-a hook head body, 2-a hook tongue, 3-a hook tongue rotating shaft, 4-a hanging rod, 5-a hanging rod rotating shaft, 6-a tension spring, 7-a cylinder, 8-a shaft baffle, 9-an air pipe, 10-an inner hexagon screw, 11-a normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic reversing valve, 12-a silencing throttle valve, 2001-a hook tongue bulge and 4001-a hanging rod boss;

7-cylinder, 701-cylinder shell, 702-piston sleeve rod, 703-piston rod, 704-cylinder end cover, 705-sphere, 706-piston baffle, 707-sealing ring A, 708-sealing ring B, 709-sealing ring C, 710-air pipe joint, 711-screw A, 712-fastener B, 7012-outer annular space, 7022-inner annular space, 7011-flange end, 7021-exhaust hole A, 7031-exhaust hole B, 7032-spherical groove, 7033-lightening hole, 7041-circular boss and 7042-vent hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 10.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the unhooking driving device of the present invention includes a cylinder 7, wherein the extended end of the piston rod assembly of the cylinder 7 is provided with a contact structure, the contact structure includes a mounting cavity 7032 disposed on the end surface of the extended end of the piston rod assembly, a sphere 705 having one side of a sphere center located in the mounting cavity 7032 and the other side in stop fit with a piston baffle 706 in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the piston baffle 706 is fixed to the assembly by a fastener B712.

The mounting cavity 7032 is used to position a ball, which is preferably a steel ball. During specific machining, the coaxiality of the installation cavity 7032 and the piston rod assembly can be ensured directly through the clamping of a machine tool and the position of a cutter, so that the sphere 705 can be positioned directly through installation, the coaxiality of the sphere 705 and the piston rod assembly is ensured, the coaxiality of the stress direction and the axis of the sphere 705 and the axis of the piston rod assembly are facilitated during subsequent use, the stress environment is improved, and the adverse conditions such as material fatigue and part damage are prevented. The installation cavity 7032 can be processed into a hole structure with a hole diameter consistent with the sphere diameter of the sphere and a depth consistent with the sphere radius, and can also be directly processed into a hemispherical groove structure with a sphere diameter consistent with the sphere diameter of the sphere, without limitation. Preferably, the stop portion of the piston retainer 706 engaged with the ball 705 is a spherical hole. The hemispherical mounting cavity and the piston baffle plate with the inner hole as the taper hole are arranged, the matching area of related parts and the ball body is increased, the stability of ball body mounting is improved, and then the ball body is guaranteed to rotate only along the ball center of the ball body, and cannot shake in the mounting cavity. When the driving device drives, the reaction force borne by the driving device is consistent with the self axis and cannot deviate from the self axis, so that the situation that the stress position of the driving end of the driving source deviates from the center and the end part of the driving end is easy to deform and damage is effectively avoided.

Simultaneously, in this embodiment, with current gyro wheel friction reducing structure, improve the spheroid rolling contact structure that this scheme designed, except foretell assurance atress direction and the axiality of driving source driving direction, when improving the stress environment, whole mounting structure is compact, simple, and occupation space is little, has promoted the wholeness of drive arrangement assembly efficiency and structure effectively.

Fastener B712 is preferably a screw, and specifically a countersunk screw, having a shaft end that extends through cylinder end cap 704 and is threadably coupled to the end of the piston rod assembly, as shown in fig. 1. The number of the screws B is 12, and the screws B are distributed along the axis center of the piston rod assembly symmetrically, as shown in figure 2. And the external diameter of the cylinder end cover is larger than the external diameter of the extending end of the piston rod assembly, so that the assembly and the later maintenance of the contact structure are facilitated, and the assembly and the maintenance convenience of the driving device are improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the unhooking driving device of the present invention includes a cylinder 7, wherein the extended end of the piston rod assembly of the cylinder 7 is provided with a contact structure, the contact structure includes a mounting cavity 7032 which is provided on the end surface of the extended end of the piston rod assembly and has a hemispherical shape, one side of the center of sphere is located in the mounting cavity 7032, the other side of the center of sphere is in stop fit with a piston baffle 706 in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the piston baffle 706 is fixed to the assembly by a fastener B712.

The cylinder end cover 704 of the cylinder 7 protrudes outwards at one side of the inner cavity of the cylinder 7 to form a circular boss 7041, and the outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss 7041 on the cylinder end cover is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder housing 701 of the cylinder 7. The circular boss 7041 is in clearance fit with the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder housing 701, the left end face of the cylinder end cover 704 is tightly attached to the cylinder housing 701, the screw a711 fixes the cylinder end cover 704 to the cylinder housing 701, and the seal ring B708 for sealing the end face of the cylinder housing and the cylinder end cover is pressed tightly to perform a sealing function, as shown in fig. 1. The seal ring B708 is preferably an O-ring seal.

The outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss 7041 is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder housing 701 of the cylinder 7, so that when the cylinder end cover is installed, the cylinder end cover can be radially positioned by the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder housing 701 through the circular boss 7041, and the assembling convenience of the cylinder end cover is improved. And screw a is preferably a countersunk head screw.

The structure of the air charging and discharging port on the cylinder end cover is implemented as follows: the vent hole 7042 on the cylinder end cover 704 sinks into the inner cavity of the cylinder 7, the air pipe joint 710 is matched with the vent hole 7042, and the shaft shoulder of the air pipe joint 710 is in contact with the outer end face of the vent hole 7042. Therefore, the axial size of the whole driving device can be reduced by mounting the mounting space of the air pipe structure of the inner sinking part into the inner cavity of the air cylinder. The left end of the air pipe joint 710 is provided with an external thread, the center of the air pipe joint is provided with a through hole for convenient ventilation, the middle of the cylinder end cover 704 is provided with an internal thread matched with the air pipe joint 710, and the air pipe joint 710 is screwed into the threaded hole of the cylinder end cover 704.

In order to further reduce the axial dimension of the driving device and reduce the gravity thereof, as shown in fig. 1, preferably, the cylinder 7 is a two-stage cylinder, and the piston rod assembly thereof includes a piston rod 703 and a piston sleeve rod 702 which are arranged from the center to the outside and are both arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder 7, the outer cylindrical surface of the piston sleeve rod 702 is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the cylinder 7 through a sealing ring a707, and the outer cylindrical surface of the piston rod 703 is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the piston sleeve rod 702 through a sealing ring C709; the installation cavity 7032 is arranged on the piston rod 703, and the outer diameter of the piston baffle 706 is larger than that of the small end of the piston rod 703. Two sealing rings A707 are arranged in a sealing groove of an inner cavity of the cylinder shell (701); two sealing rings C709 are arranged in the sealing groove of the inner cavity of the piston sleeve rod 702.

The steel ball is placed in a hemispherical hole at the left end of the piston rod, a hemispherical hole is formed in the middle of the piston baffle 706, the hemispherical surface of the piston baffle 706 is matched with the steel ball, the piston baffle is fixed on the left end face of the piston rod through a screw B712, and the steel ball can rotate in the spherical hole formed by the piston rod and the piston baffle.

Further, an outer annular space 7012 is arranged in the middle of the matching of the inner cavity of the cylinder 7 and the piston sleeve rod 702, and an exhaust hole A7021 for communicating a cavity on one side of the cylinder 7, which is far away from the extending end of the piston rod, with the outer annular space 7012 is arranged at one end of the piston sleeve rod 702, which is close to an air source;

an inner annular space 7022 is arranged in the middle of the piston sleeve rod 702 and the piston rod 703 in a matched mode, and an exhaust hole B7031 for communicating a chamber on one side, far away from the extending end of the piston rod, of the air cylinder 7 with the inner annular space 7022 is arranged at one end, close to an air source, of the piston rod 703.

Preferably, a lightening hole 7033 is provided on the end face of the piston rod 703 remote from the piston rod protruding end.

The piston sleeve rod 702 is placed in a hole of the cylinder shell 701, two outer cylindrical surfaces at two ends of an outer annular space on the piston sleeve rod 702 are in small clearance fit with the inner hole of the cylinder shell 701, and the diameter of a seal ring A707 is larger than a clearance between a seal groove and the piston sleeve rod 702 so as to play a role in sealing through compression deformation; the piston loop bar 702 can slide axially relative to the cylinder housing 701, and the large end face of the piston loop bar 702 is provided with 8 uniformly distributed exhaust holes A7021 along the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. 2;

a piston rod 703 is placed in a hole of a piston sleeve rod 702, two outer cylindrical surfaces at two ends of an inner annular space on the piston rod 703 are in small clearance fit with the inner hole of the piston sleeve rod 702, the linear diameter of a sealing ring C709 is larger than the clearance between a sealing groove and the piston rod 703, so that the sealing effect is achieved, the piston rod 703 can axially slide relative to the piston sleeve rod 702, and the large end surface of the piston rod 703 is provided with 8 uniformly distributed exhaust holes B7031 along the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. 2;

the sealing ring B708 is arranged in a sealing groove in the large end face of the cylinder shell 701, and the line diameter of the sealing ring B708 is larger than the height of the sealing groove so as to play a sealing role through compression deformation.

When the piston rod of the cylinder extends outwards, the air vent 7042 admits air and acts on the end surfaces of the piston loop bar 702 and the piston rod 703 to push the piston loop bar to extend outwards until the piston loop bar 702 is in stop fit with the inner wall of the cylinder shell and the piston rod is in stop fit with the inner wall of the piston loop bar; when the cylinder retracts, the coupler tongue pushes the piston rod to retract under the reset action of the return spring of the coupler tongue, and when the piston baffle 706 is in contact with the piston sleeve rod, the acting force of the return spring is transmitted to the piston sleeve rod through the piston baffle, so that the piston sleeve rod is pushed to return along with the piston baffle.

In this embodiment, the annular space that communicates with drive air supply is crossed and is realized piston rod, the overhanging axial stroke location of piston loop bar, guarantees that the overhanging operation of cylinder goes on steadily, prevents to form airtight space.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a side of the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder housing 701 of the cylinder 7 near the extending end of the piston rod assembly is a tapered surface, and a small diameter end thereof is near the extending end of the piston rod assembly. The conical surface is arranged to facilitate mounting of the driving device on the hook head body of the unhooking device.

Example 3

Regarding the control of the cylinder, as shown in fig. 3, the air supply is communicated with the vent 7042 on the cylinder end cover 704 of the cylinder through the first passage of the normally-closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11, the air pipe 9 and the air inlet pipe structure 710; two ends of a second passage of the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 are respectively communicated with a gas pipe and a silencing throttle valve 12. When air is supplied, a pressure air source supplies air to the inner cavity of the cylinder through the first passage of the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11, the air pipe 9 and the air inlet pipe joint 710 so as to drive the piston rod assembly to extend outwards. When exhausting, the coupler knuckle drives the piston rod assembly to retract, the internal space of the cylinder is compressed, and gas is exhausted from the gas inlet pipe joint 710, the gas pipe 9, the second passage of the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the silencing throttle valve 12. The noise elimination throttle valve 12 can adjust the flow rate and effectively reduce the noise during the exhaust.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the coupler automatic uncoupling device is the driving device described above, and the device for driving the coupler knuckle to rotate of the coupler automatic uncoupling device is the driving device described above.

In the automatic unhooking device of coupling, as shown in fig. 5, evagination becomes flange terminal surface 7011 on the outer periphery of cylinder housing 701 of cylinder 7, on the coupler body 1 of the automatic unhooking device of coupling go up for the tip of the cylinder 7 male hole body outwards extend to with flange terminal surface 7011, the screw passes behind the flange terminal surface 7011 with the corresponding screw hole of coupler body 1 be connected, and the laminating of the outer periphery of hole inner wall and cylinder housing 701, both for the installation of cylinder provides the installation space, again on the basis that does not influence the unhooking inner space, the fitting surface of coupler body and cylinder has been increased, the axiality that corresponds the hole body on cylinder and the coupler body has been promoted, the cylinder can not radial deviation.

The front end face of a cylinder shell 701 of the cylinder 7 is arranged in a corresponding hole of the hook head body 1, the flange end face of the cylinder shell 701 is tightly attached to the end face of a corresponding mounting hole of the hook head body 1, the cylinder 7 is fixed on the hook head body 1 through a screw, a steel ball at the front end of the cylinder 7 can be in contact with an arc surface of the hook tongue, and the air pipe 9 is inserted into a hole of an air pipe connector 710 of the cylinder to supply air to the cylinder.

The automatic uncoupling device of the car coupler comprises a coupler body 1, a coupler knuckle 2 rotatably arranged in an inner cavity of the coupler body 1, a coupling rod 4 with one end hinged with the coupler knuckle 2 through a coupling rod rotating shaft 5 and the other end arranged in a moving groove of the coupler body and capable of being inserted into a positioning groove on the coupler knuckle 2 of another uncoupling device along with the rotation of the coupler knuckle, and a tension spring 6 with one end connected with the coupler body and the other end connected with the coupler knuckle or the coupling rod, wherein preferably, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the coupler knuckle 2 are attached to the upper side cavity wall and the lower side cavity wall of the coupler body 1 and in clearance fit, the coupler knuckle 2 is hinged with the coupler body 1 through a coupler knuckle rotating shaft 3, and the coupler knuckle 2 can rotate relative to the coupler body 1 along the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 3. One end of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 3 is located outside the coupler knuckle body 1 and is attached to the hole end face of the coupler knuckle body 1 through the step of the large cylindrical surface, the other end of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft is located outside the coupler knuckle body 1, a shaft baffle plate 8 is fixed to the small end face of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 3 through an inner hexagonal screw 10, and the end face of the shaft baffle plate 8 is in contact with the hole end face of the coupler knuckle body 1, so that axial movement of the coupler knuckle rotating shaft 3 is limited. Specifically, the tension spring 6 is connected with the coupling rod 4, and the coupling rod 4 is U-shaped. The connecting and hanging rod 4 is hinged with the coupler knuckle 2 through the connecting and hanging rod rotating shaft 5, so that the connecting and hanging rod 4 and the coupler knuckle 2 can rotate relatively, and the connecting and hanging rod 4 can synchronously move along with the rotation of the coupler knuckle. The latch 2 is provided with a latch projection 2001 which can abut against the coupling rod 4 when unhooking. The hook head body 1 is provided with a spring hanging hole, one end of the tension spring 6 is hung on the spring hanging hole of the hook head body 1, and the other end of the tension spring 6 is hung on a groove of the connecting rod 4.

The cylinder extending process:

after the control system receives the unhooking signal, the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 is electrified, as shown in fig. 3, air with pressure sequentially enters the inner cavity of the air cylinder 7 through the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11, the air pipe 9 and the air pipe joint 710, the piston rod 703 and the piston sleeve rod 702 slowly extend out respectively under the action of the air pressure, the distance between a boss at the large end of the piston rod 703 and the step of the inner hole of the piston sleeve rod 702 is reduced, and the air is exhausted through the exhaust hole B7031 without forming a closed space; the distance between the large end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the piston sleeve rod 702 and the cylinder shell 701 is reduced, and air is exhausted through the exhaust hole A7021 without forming a closed space; when the big end boss of the piston rod 703 is in contact with the inner hole step of the piston sleeve rod 702 for limiting, the piston rod 703 does not extend out relative to the piston sleeve rod 702 any more; when the large end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the piston sleeve rod 702 is in contact with the cylinder shell 701 for limiting and does not extend continuously, the cylinder extends out. Along with the extension of the piston rod, the extending end of the piston rod pushes the knuckle to rotate.

The retraction process of the cylinder:

after unhooking is finished, the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 is powered off, the inner cavity of the cylinder is communicated with the noise elimination throttle valve for exhausting, so that the air pressure of the inner cavity of the cylinder is zero relative to the external air pressure, the coupling rod 4 pushes the coupling tongue rotating shaft 3 of the coupling tongue 2 to rotate anticlockwise under the action of the restoring force of the tension spring 6, when the coupling tongue 2 rotates anticlockwise, the tongue head on the coupling tongue 2 pushes the steel ball, the piston rod 703 and the piston baffle 7 to move and contract along the axial direction of the cylinder, meanwhile, the steel ball 705 slides relative to the tongue on the coupling tongue 2, the distance between the boss at the large end of the piston rod 703 and the step of the inner hole of the piston sleeve rod 702 is increased, air enters through the air exhaust hole B7031 without forming a closed space, as shown in FIG. 1, when the piston baffle 7 is in contact with the left end face of the piston sleeve rod 702 for limiting, the piston rod 703 does not contract relative to the piston sleeve rod 702, and the coupling tongue 2 continues to rotate under the tension force of the tension spring 6, the piston baffle 7 pushes the piston sleeve rod 702 to move along the axial direction of the cylinder and contract, the distance between the large end surface of the outer cylindrical surface of the piston sleeve rod 702 and the cylinder shell 701 is increased, air enters through the exhaust hole A7021 and cannot form a closed space, until the boss 4001 on the connecting rod 4 touches a boss in the cavity of the corresponding hook body 1 for limiting, the hook tongue 2 stops rotating, and the cylinder 7 finishes contracting.

The coupling process of the car coupler:

before the two car couplers are connected, a normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 is in a power-off state, an inner cavity of a cylinder 7 is communicated with a silencing throttle valve for exhausting, so that the air pressure of the inner cavity of the cylinder 7 is zero relative to the external air pressure, a coupling rod 4 enables a boss 4001 of the coupling rod to contact a boss in a cavity of a coupler head body 1 and limit the position under the action of the tension of a tension spring 6, and a coupler knuckle 2 also rotates under the action of the tension spring 6 and compresses a piston rod 703 and a piston sleeve rod 702 of the cylinder to a contraction state;

when the two car couplers are in coupling, the two car couplers approach slowly, the front end cylindrical surface of the coupling rod 4 of one uncoupling mechanism contacts with the outer arc surface of the knuckle 2 of the other uncoupling mechanism, the coupling rod 4 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 6 to move backwards when continuing to approach, the coupling rod 4 rotates clockwise relative to the knuckle 2 around the coupling rod rotating shaft 5 under the reaction force of the knuckle of the other car coupler, the knuckles 2 of the two car couplers rotate clockwise, when the cylinder at the front end of the coupling rod 4 rotates to the semi-cylindrical groove of the knuckle 2 of the other car coupler, the cylinder at the front end of the coupling rod 4 enters the semi-cylindrical groove of the knuckle 2 under the tension of the tension spring 6, the front end surfaces of the two coupler bodies contact and limit the two car couplers to approach continuously, the knuckles 2 of the two car couplers rotate anticlockwise under the tension of the tension spring 6, when the boss 4001 on the coupling rod 4 touches a limit boss in the cavity of the corresponding coupler body 1, the knuckle 2 of the two couplers stops rotating, and the coupling of the two couplers is completed at this time, as shown in fig. 9.

Uncoupling the car coupler:

after the control system receives the unhooking signal, the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 is energized, and air with pressure respectively enters the inner cavity of the air cylinder 7 through the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11, the air pipe 9 and the air pipe joint 710, as shown in fig. 5: the piston rod 703 and the piston sleeve rod 702 respectively extend slowly under the action of air pressure, the steel ball 705 arranged at the front end of the piston rod 703 props against the knuckle 2 to rotate clockwise, the tension spring 6 is elongated, when the knuckle 2 rotates to a certain angle, the knuckle bulge 2001 is contacted with the coupling rod 4, simultaneously the semi-cylindrical groove on the knuckle 2 also rotates to the same angle, the knuckle 2 continues to rotate clockwise under the thrust action of the air cylinder, the coupling rod 4 gradually rotates out of the moving groove in the inner cavity of the coupler body 1, the knuckle 2 continues to rotate clockwise under the thrust action of the air cylinder 7, the coupling rod 4 props against the knuckle bulge 2001 to enable the coupling rod 4 and the knuckle 2 to synchronously rotate clockwise, so that the coupling rod 4 on one car hook is gradually separated from the knuckle 2 of the other car hook, as shown in figure 10, when the piston rod 703 and the piston sleeve rod 702 completely extend, the coupling rod 4 and the knuckle 2 of the other car hook are completely separated, at this time, the two car hooks can be mutually separated, so far, the unhooking process is completed.

When the two car couplers are disconnected, the normally closed two-position three-port electromagnetic directional valve 11 is powered off, the inner cavity of the two-stage cylinder assembly 7 is communicated with the noise elimination throttle valve to exhaust, so that the air pressure of the inner cavity of the cylinder 7 is zero relative to the external air pressure, the coupler knuckle 2 and the coupling rod 4 are reset under the action of the tension spring 6, and simultaneously the piston rod 703 and the piston sleeve rod 702 of the cylinder 7 are compressed to a contraction state to prepare for next coupling.

In conclusion, the automatic unhooking and unhooking structure designed by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied space, light weight and attractive appearance. The contact part of the cylinder and the coupler knuckle can ensure the coaxiality of force application and stress, and can realize rolling contact by adopting a simple structure, thereby facilitating the pushing and returning of the coupler knuckle.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The unhooking driving device comprises a cylinder (7), and is characterized in that a contact structure is arranged at the extending end of a piston rod assembly of the cylinder (7), the contact structure comprises a mounting cavity (7032) arranged on the end face of the extending end of the piston rod assembly, one side of a sphere center is located in the mounting cavity (7032), the other side of the sphere center and a piston baffle (706) form a sphere (705) in stop fit with the piston rod in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the piston baffle (706) is fixed on the assembly through a fastener B (712).

2. The drive device for uncoupling according to claim 1 and the automatic uncoupling mechanism of the coupler thereof are characterized in that a cylinder end cover (704) of the cylinder (7) protrudes outwards at one side of an inner cavity of the cylinder (7) to form a circular boss (7041), and the outer cylindrical surface of the circular boss (7041) is attached to the inner circumferential surface of a cylinder shell (701) of the cylinder (7).

3. The unhooking driving device according to claim 1, wherein a vent hole (7042) in the cylinder end cover (704) sinks into an inner cavity of the cylinder (7), the air pipe joint (710) is matched with the vent hole (7042), and a shaft shoulder of the air pipe joint (710) is in contact with an outer side end face of the vent hole (7042).

4. The unhooking driving device according to claim 1, wherein the air cylinder (7) is a two-stage air cylinder, a piston rod assembly of the air cylinder comprises a piston rod (703) and a piston rod sleeve (702) which are arranged from the center to the outside and are both arranged in an inner cavity of the air cylinder (7), an outer cylindrical surface of the piston rod sleeve (702) is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the air cylinder (7) through a sealing ring A (707), and an outer cylindrical surface of the piston rod (703) is in sealing fit with the inner cavity of the piston rod sleeve (702) through a sealing ring C (709);

the mounting cavity (7032) is arranged on the piston rod (703);

the outer diameter of the piston baffle (706) is larger than that of the small end of the piston rod (703).

5. The driving device for unhooking according to claim 4, wherein an outer annular space (7012) is arranged in the middle of the matching of the inner cavity of the cylinder (7) and the piston sleeve rod (702), and an exhaust hole A (7021) for communicating a chamber on one side of the cylinder (7) far away from the extending end of the piston rod with the outer annular space (7012) is arranged at one end of the piston sleeve rod (702) close to an air source;

an inner annular space (7022) is arranged in the middle of the piston sleeve rod (702) and the piston rod (703) in a matched mode, and an exhaust hole B (7031) which is used for communicating a cavity on one side, far away from the extending end of the piston rod, of the air cylinder (7) with the inner annular space (7022) is arranged at one end, close to an air source, of the piston rod (703).

6. Drive device for uncoupling according to claim 4, characterized in that a lightening hole (7033) is provided in the end face of the piston rod (703) remote from the piston rod's overhanging end.

7. The unhooking drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mounting cavity (7032) is of a hemispherical structure, and the portion of the piston baffle (706) in stop fit with the ball (705) is a spherical hole.

8. The unhooking drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cylinder (7) has a cylinder housing (701) with an outer circumferential surface having a tapered surface on a side thereof close to the outward end of the piston rod assembly and a small diameter end close to the outward end of the piston rod assembly.

9. The automatic uncoupling device of the coupler is characterized in that a device for driving a coupler knuckle of the automatic uncoupling device of the coupler to rotate is the driving device of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The automatic uncoupling device of the coupler according to claim 9, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder housing (701) of the cylinder (7) protrudes outward to form a flange end surface (7011), the end of a hole body in the coupler body (1) of the automatic uncoupling device of the coupler, into which the cylinder (7) is inserted, extends outward to the flange end surface (7011), a screw passes through the flange end surface (7011) and then is connected with a corresponding threaded hole of the coupler body (1), and the inner wall of the extending part of the hole body is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder housing (701).