CN113909423B - Forging equipment and forging method for hardware tool - Google Patents

Forging equipment and forging method for hardware tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113909423B
CN113909423B CN202110990666.6A CN202110990666A CN113909423B CN 113909423 B CN113909423 B CN 113909423B CN 202110990666 A CN202110990666 A CN 202110990666A CN 113909423 B CN113909423 B CN 113909423B
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forging
adjusting
clamping mechanism
workstation
clamping
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CN113909423A (en
Inventor
高星
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Xuzhou Rur Tools Making Co ltd
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Xuzhou Rur Tools Making Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/10Manipulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K5/00Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging device and a forging method of hardware tools, wherein the forging device comprises the following steps: the workstation, the platform hole has been seted up at the top surface middle part of workstation, the activity of platform downthehole portion is provided with fixture, the top surface of workstation and the both sides that are located the platform hole are provided with two-way regulation platform and fixed box respectively, two sets of two-way regulation platform and fixed box are by platform hole central symmetry distribution, and be connected with the sleeve pipe between two-way regulation platform and the fixed box, the other end of fixed box is provided with the tip of transfer line and extends to the workstation and be connected with the drive wheel outward. According to the invention, the forging raw material is clamped by the clamping mechanism, the forging raw material is forged after being clamped, manual clamping is replaced by the clamping mechanism, the operation danger is reduced, the clamping mechanism can be adjusted in a certain position by the bidirectional adjusting table, the connector can be driven to move by rotating the driving rod on the bidirectional adjusting table on one side, so that the clamping mechanism is driven, the operation is simple, and the forging limitation is reduced.

Description

Forging equipment and forging method for hardware tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging equipment, in particular to hardware tool forging equipment and a forging method thereof.
Background
Forging is a process of using forging machinery to apply pressure to a metal blank to make it plastically deform to obtain a forging with certain mechanical properties, certain shape and size. The defects of as-cast porosity and the like generated in the smelting process of metal can be eliminated through forging, the microstructure is optimized, and meanwhile, because the complete metal streamline is preserved, the mechanical property of the forging is generally superior to that of a casting made of the same material. Important parts with high load and severe working conditions in related machines are mainly forged pieces except for plates, sections or welding pieces which are simple in shape and can be rolled.
At present, current forging apparatus adopts artifical centre gripping, because the dynamics of artifical centre gripping is not enough, takes place the phenomenon of slippage easily in forging process, easily causes workman's injured and forging apparatus's intelligent level low. For this reason, a new scheme needs to be designed to give improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide hardware tool forging equipment and a forging method thereof, which solve the problems that the existing forging equipment adopts manual clamping, the phenomenon of slipping is easy to occur in the forging process due to insufficient manual clamping strength, workers are easy to be injured, the intelligent level of the forging equipment is low, and the actual use requirements are met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a forging device and a forging method of hardware tools comprise the following steps: the clamping device comprises a workbench, a workbench hole is formed in the middle of the top surface of the workbench, a clamping mechanism is movably arranged in the workbench hole, a bidirectional adjusting table and a fixed box are arranged on the top surface of the workbench and on two sides connected with the workbench hole, the two groups of bidirectional adjusting tables and the fixed boxes are symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the workbench hole, a sleeve is connected between the bidirectional adjusting table and the fixed box, a transmission rod is arranged at the other end of the fixed box, and the end part of the transmission rod extends out of the workbench and is connected with a transmission wheel;
the two bidirectional adjusting tables are open in opposite surfaces and internally provided with connectors, the end parts of the connectors are provided with fixing holes and are connected with the clamping mechanism through the fixing holes, the tops of the working tables are symmetrically provided with moving grooves, the bottoms of the bidirectional adjusting tables are provided with moving blocks, the moving blocks extend into the moving grooves, and the bidirectional adjusting tables move along the extending direction of the moving grooves;
the inside of workstation just is located the below vertical pneumatic cylinder of installing in platform hole, the vertical upwards and be connected with the push pedal of power take off end of pneumatic cylinder, six pressure sensor that are the annular and distribute are installed to the top surface of push pedal, and pressure sensor's top is provided with the bearing plate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting plate is installed inside the bidirectional adjusting table and at the end of the connector, extending holes are respectively formed on two side walls of the bidirectional adjusting table, the adjusting plate extends into the extending holes, a plurality of teeth are uniformly arranged on the back surface of the adjusting plate, a driving rod is vertically and rotatably connected inside the bidirectional adjusting table, an adjusting gear is fixed on the driving rod, and the adjusting gear is engaged with the teeth.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tail end of the driving rod extends to the lower part of the bidirectional adjusting table, the end part of the driving rod is provided with a synchronous gear, and the two synchronous gears are in chain transmission connection.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing hole formed on the surface of the connector is a quadrilateral hole, the top surface and the bottom surface of the connector are respectively provided with a sliding block, a sliding slot slidably connected with the sliding block is formed in the opening inside the bidirectional adjusting table, and the connector moves along the extending direction of the sliding slot.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an end of the sleeve extends into the fixing box and is movably connected to the fixing box, the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the fixing box, an end of the transmission rod extends into the sleeve, an external thread is disposed on a surface of the transmission rod, an internal thread connected to the external thread is disposed inside the sleeve, a limiting groove is further disposed on a surface of the sleeve, and a limiting mechanism used in cooperation with the limiting groove is disposed inside the fixing box.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping mechanism comprises a fixing ring, clamping blocks, adjusting rods and connecting rods, wherein the connecting rods and the adjusting rods are respectively arranged in two groups and are distributed on the side wall of the fixing ring at intervals in a ring shape, the end parts of the adjusting rods extend into the fixing ring and are connected with the clamping blocks, and the connecting rods are in a quadrangular structure and are connected with the connecting heads in an embedded manner.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks are flat surfaces, the surfaces of the two clamping blocks are provided with a plurality of anti-slip grooves, and trapezoidal protrusions are formed between the adjacent anti-slip grooves.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, a synchronizing shaft is horizontally arranged in the workbench, the synchronizing shaft is rotatably connected with the workbench, the end part of the synchronizing shaft extends out of the workbench and is provided with a synchronizing wheel, the synchronizing wheel is connected with a driving wheel through a transmission belt, the inner bottom of the workbench is also provided with a motor, the power output end of the motor and the middle part of the synchronizing shaft are both provided with a transmission gear, and the two transmission gears are meshed and connected.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the forging method of the hardware tool includes the steps of:
s1, placing the raw material to be forged in the middle of a clamping mechanism and clamping the raw material by driving a clamping block through an adjusting rod until the raw material is not loosened;
s2: the clamping mechanism after clamping is suspended at the position of the table hole, the motor is driven to rotate through the switch, the motor drives the synchronizing shaft and transmits the transmission rod, and after the transmission rod rotates, the sleeve pipe pushes the two bidirectional adjusting tables to move towards the clamping mechanism under the influence of the thread structure, so that the end part of the connecting rod is inserted into the fixing hole of the connector;
s3: the hydraulic cylinder is driven by a switch to push the bearing plate to move upwards until the top surface of the bearing plate is in contact with the raw material and is detected by a pressure sensor, and forging is started after certain pressure is achieved;
s4: in the forging process, the driving rod can be rotated to drive the connector to move so as to adjust the position of the raw material;
s5: and taking down the forged raw materials after forging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the forging material clamping device, the forging material is clamped through the clamping mechanism, the forging material is forged after clamping, manual clamping is replaced through the clamping mechanism, the operation danger is reduced, the clamping mechanism can be adjusted in a certain position through the bidirectional adjusting table, the connector can be driven to move by rotating the driving rod on the bidirectional adjusting table on one side, the clamping mechanism is driven, the operation is simple, and the forging limitation is reduced.
(2) According to the invention, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the workbench, the forging raw material can be supported after the hydraulic cylinder is pushed out, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the bearing plate in the upward moving process, the hydraulic cylinder is stopped to ascend after a certain supporting force is given, the supporting force required by forging is met, the hydraulic cylinder is suitable for the raw materials with different thicknesses, and the intelligent level of forging equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a forging apparatus for hardware tools and a forging method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the forging apparatus for hardware tool and forging method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the internal structure of the two-way adjusting table according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is an internal structural view of the fixing box according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a workbench; 2. a clamping mechanism; 3. a sleeve; 4. a bench hole; 5. a transmission rod; 6. a bidirectional adjusting table; 7. a fixing box; 8. a driving wheel; 9. a moving groove; 10. a hydraulic cylinder; 11. a synchronizing wheel; 12. a synchronizing gear; 13. a chain; 14. a drive rod; 15. a motor; 16. a transmission gear; 17. a synchronizing shaft; 18. a limiting groove; 19. a connector; 20. a slider; 21. an adjusting plate; 22. an adjusting gear; 23. a pressure sensor; 24. a bearing plate; 25. pushing the plate; 26. adjusting a rod; 27. a clamping block; 28. a fixing ring; 29. a connecting rod; 30. a chute.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a forging device and a forging method of hardware tools comprise the following steps: the forging material clamping device comprises a workbench 1, wherein a workbench hole 4 is formed in the middle of the top surface of the workbench 1, a clamping mechanism 2 is movably arranged in the workbench hole 4, a bidirectional adjusting table 6 and a fixed box 7 are arranged on the top surface of the workbench 1 and positioned on two sides connected with the workbench hole 4, the two groups of bidirectional adjusting tables 6 and the fixed box 7 are symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the workbench hole 4, a sleeve 3 is connected between the bidirectional adjusting table 6 and the fixed box 7, a transmission rod 5 is arranged at the other end of the fixed box 7, the end part of the transmission rod 5 extends out of the workbench 1 and is connected with a transmission wheel 8, the forging material is clamped by the clamping mechanism 2, the clamping mechanism 2 is fixed by the bidirectional adjusting table 6, and the clamping mechanism 2 can be subjected to certain position adjustment by the bidirectional adjusting table 6 after the fixation is completed; the opposite surfaces of the two bidirectional adjusting tables 6 are open and internally provided with a connector 19, the end parts of the connector 19 are provided with fixing holes and are connected with the clamping mechanism 2 through the fixing holes, the top parts of the working tables 1 are symmetrically provided with moving grooves 9, the bottom parts of the bidirectional adjusting tables 6 are provided with moving blocks, the moving blocks extend into the moving grooves 9, the bidirectional adjusting tables 6 move along the extending direction of the moving grooves 9, and the bidirectional adjusting tables 6 are powered by a motor 15 and pushed by the sleeve 3 when being clamped; the inside of workstation 1 and the below that is located platform hole 4 is vertical installs pneumatic cylinder 10, the power take off end of pneumatic cylinder 10 is vertical upwards and is connected with push pedal 25, six pressure sensor 23 that are the annular and distribute are installed to push pedal 25's top surface, and pressure sensor 23's top is provided with bearing plate 24, come to contact with the raw materials through bearing plate 24, detect pressure through pressure sensor 23, bearing plate 24 gives the certain holding power of raw materials and stops pneumatic cylinder 10 after and rise, bearing plate 24 satisfies forged title pressure.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 4 and 5: adjusting plate 21 is installed to the inside of two-way regulation platform 6 and the end that is located connector 19, extension hole has been seted up respectively on the both sides wall of two-way regulation platform 6, and adjusting plate 21 extends to and extends downtheholely, a plurality of teeth of inwards caving in and evenly having arranged in the back of adjusting plate 21, the inside vertical just rotation of two-way regulation platform 6 is connected with actuating lever 14, be fixed with adjusting gear 22 and adjusting gear 22 on the actuating lever 14 and be connected with the tooth meshing, come to rotating by rotating actuating lever 14 to freezing adjusting gear 22, adjusting gear 22 promotes the tooth and drives adjusting plate 21 removal after rotating, thereby drive connector 19 and fixture 2 and remove. The tail end of the driving rod 14 extends to the lower part of the two-way adjusting table 6, the end part of the driving rod is provided with a synchronous gear 12, and the two synchronous gears 12 are in transmission connection through a chain 13, so that the two-way adjusting tables 6 can be adjusted simultaneously. The fixing hole that the connector 19 surface was seted up is quadrilateral hole, and slider 20 is installed respectively to the top surface and the bottom surface of connector 19, and inside just being located the opening part of two-way regulation platform 6 sets up the spout 30 with slider 20 sliding connection, and the connector 19 moves along the extending direction of spout 30, and the connector 19 can remove with spout 30.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 6: the tip of sleeve pipe 3 extends to in the fixed box 7 and with fixed box 7 swing joint, the transfer line 5 rotates with fixed box 7 to be connected and the tip of transfer line 5 extends to in the sleeve pipe 3, the surface of transfer line 5 sets up the external screw thread, sleeve pipe 3 is inside to be provided with the internal thread with external screw thread connection, spacing groove 18 has still been seted up on sleeve pipe 3's surface, the inside of fixed box 7 is provided with the stop gear who uses with spacing groove 18 cooperation, transfer line 5 rotates the back, sleeve pipe 3 receives the influence of rotation screw thread to carry out horizontal migration, thereby promote the removal of two way regulation platform 6.
In a further improvement, as shown in fig. 3: fixture 2 includes solid fixed ring 28, clamp splice 27, adjusts pole 26 and connecting rod 29, and connecting rod 29 and regulation pole 26 set up respectively two sets ofly and be annular interval distribution on solid fixed ring 28 lateral wall, and the tip of adjusting pole 26 extends to in solid fixed ring 28 and is connected with clamp splice 27, and connecting rod 29 is the quadrangular structure and inlays with connector 19 and be connected. The opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks 27 are flat surfaces, a plurality of anti-skidding grooves are formed in the surfaces of the two clamping blocks, trapezoidal protrusions are formed between the adjacent anti-skidding grooves, the clamping mechanism 2 clamps the raw materials, and the clamping mechanism is fixed between the two-way adjusting tables 6 after clamping.
Further improved, as shown in fig. 2: the inside level of workstation 1 is provided with synchronizing shaft 17, synchronizing shaft 17 rotates with workstation 1 to be connected and the tip extends to workstation 1 outside and installs synchronizing wheel 11, adopt between synchronizing wheel 11 and the drive wheel 8 to pass the hold-in range and be connected, motor 15 is still installed to the interior bottom of workstation 1, drive gear 16 is all installed at the power take off end of motor 15 and the middle part of synchronizing shaft 17, and two drive gear 16 meshes the connection, it rotates to drive synchronizing shaft 17 through motor 15, synchronizing shaft 17 drives two sets of drive wheel 8 rotations simultaneously after rotating, play synchronous regulation's effect.
Specifically, the forging method of the hardware tool comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the raw material to be forged in the middle of the clamping mechanism 2, and clamping the raw material by driving the clamping block 27 through the adjusting rod 26 until the raw material is not loosened;
s2: the clamped clamping mechanism 2 is suspended at the position of the platform hole 4, the motor 15 is driven to rotate through a switch, the motor 15 drives the synchronizing shaft 17 to transmit the transmission rod 5, and after the transmission rod 5 rotates, the sleeve 3 is influenced by the thread structure and simultaneously pushes the two bidirectional adjusting platforms 6 to move towards the clamping mechanism 2, so that the end part of the connecting rod 29 is inserted into the fixing hole of the connector 19;
s3: the hydraulic cylinder 10 is driven by a switch, so that the hydraulic cylinder 10 pushes the bearing plate 24 to move upwards until the top surface of the bearing plate 24 is contacted with the raw material and is detected by the pressure sensor 23, and forging is started after certain pressure is provided;
s4: in the forging process, the driving rod 14 can be rotated to drive the connecting head 19 to move, so that the position of the raw material is adjusted;
s5: and after the forging is finished, taking down the forged raw materials.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A forging method of a forging apparatus based on a hardware tool, the forging apparatus comprising: workstation (1), its characterized in that: a table hole (4) is formed in the middle of the top surface of the workbench (1), a clamping mechanism (2) is movably arranged in the table hole (4), two bidirectional adjusting tables (6) and fixing boxes (7) are arranged on the top surface of the workbench (1) and on two sides connected with the table hole (4), the two groups of bidirectional adjusting tables (6) and the fixing boxes (7) are symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the table hole (4), a sleeve (3) is connected between each bidirectional adjusting table (6) and each fixing box (7), a transmission rod (5) is arranged at the other end of each fixing box (7), and the end of each transmission rod (5) extends out of the workbench (1) and is connected with a transmission wheel (8);
the two bidirectional adjusting tables (6) are open in opposite surfaces and internally provided with connectors (19), the end parts of the connectors (19) are provided with fixing holes and are connected with the clamping mechanism (2) through the fixing holes, the top parts of the working tables (1) are symmetrically provided with moving grooves (9), the bottoms of the bidirectional adjusting tables (6) are provided with moving blocks, the moving blocks extend into the moving grooves (9), and the bidirectional adjusting tables (6) move along the extending direction of the moving grooves (9);
a hydraulic cylinder (10) is vertically installed inside the workbench (1) and below the workbench hole (4), a power output end of the hydraulic cylinder (10) is vertically upward and connected with a push plate (25), six pressure sensors (23) distributed in an annular shape are installed on the top surface of the push plate (25), and a pressure bearing plate (24) is arranged at the top of each pressure sensor (23);
an adjusting plate (21) is installed in the two-way adjusting table (6) and located at the tail end of the connector (19), extension holes are formed in two side walls of the two-way adjusting table (6) respectively, the adjusting plate (21) extends into the extension holes, the back face of the adjusting plate (21) is sunken inwards, a plurality of teeth are evenly distributed, a driving rod (14) is vertically and rotatably connected to the inside of the two-way adjusting table (6), an adjusting gear (22) is fixed on the driving rod (14), and the adjusting gear (22) is meshed with the teeth;
the tail end of the driving rod (14) extends to the lower part of the bidirectional adjusting table (6), a synchronous gear (12) is installed at the end part of the driving rod, and the two synchronous gears (12) are in transmission connection through a chain (13);
the clamping mechanism (2) comprises a fixing ring (28), clamping blocks (27), adjusting rods (26) and connecting rods (29), the connecting rods (29) and the adjusting rods (26) are respectively arranged in two groups and distributed on the side wall of the fixing ring (28) at intervals in an annular mode, the end portions of the adjusting rods (26) extend into the fixing ring (28) and are connected with the clamping blocks (27), and the connecting rods (29) are of quadrangular structures and are connected with the connecting heads (19) in an embedded mode;
the opposite surfaces of the two clamping blocks (27) are flat surfaces, a plurality of anti-skid grooves are formed in the surfaces of the two clamping blocks, and trapezoidal bulges are formed between every two adjacent anti-skid grooves;
the forging method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the raw material to be forged in the middle of the clamping mechanism (2) and clamping the raw material by driving the clamping block (27) through the adjusting rod (26) until the raw material is not loosened;
s2: the clamping mechanism (2) which is clamped is suspended at the platform hole (4), the motor (15) is driven to rotate through a switch, the motor (15) drives the synchronizing shaft (17) and drives the transmission rod (5), after the transmission rod (5) rotates, the sleeve (3) is influenced by the thread structure and simultaneously pushes the two bidirectional adjusting platforms (6) to move towards the clamping mechanism (2), and the end part of the connecting rod (29) is inserted into the fixing hole of the connector (19);
s3: the hydraulic cylinder (10) is driven by a switch, so that the hydraulic cylinder (10) pushes the bearing plate (24) to move upwards until the top surface of the bearing plate (24) is contacted with the raw material and is detected by a pressure sensor (23), and forging is started after certain pressure is provided;
s4: in the forging process, the driving rod (14) is rotated to drive the connector (19) to move so as to adjust the position of the raw material;
s5: and after the forging is finished, taking down the forged raw materials.
2. The forging method as recited in claim 1, wherein: the fixed orifices that connector (19) surface was seted up are quadrilateral hole, and slider (20) are installed respectively to the top surface and the bottom surface of connector (19), the inside of two-way regulation platform (6) just is located the opening part and offers spout (30) with slider (20) sliding connection, and connector (19) remove along the extending direction of spout (30).
3. The forging method as recited in claim 1, wherein: the tip of sleeve pipe (3) extends to in fixed box (7) and with fixed box (7) swing joint, transfer line (5) rotate with fixed box (7) be connected and transfer line (5) the tip extend to in sleeve pipe (3), the surface of transfer line (5) sets up the external screw thread, sleeve pipe (3) inside be provided with external screw thread connection's internal thread, spacing groove (18) have still been seted up on the surface of sleeve pipe (3), the inside of fixed box (7) is provided with the stop gear who uses with spacing groove (18) cooperation.
4. The forging method as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inside level of workstation (1) is provided with synchronizing shaft (17), synchronizing shaft (17) rotate with workstation (1) and are connected and the tip extends to workstation (1) outer and install synchronizing wheel (11), adopt between synchronizing wheel (11) and drive wheel (8) to pass the hold-in range and be connected, motor (15) are still installed to the interior bottom of workstation (1), drive gear (16) are all installed at the power take off of motor (15) and the middle part of synchronizing shaft (17), and two drive gear (16) meshing are connected.
CN202110990666.6A 2021-08-26 2021-08-26 Forging equipment and forging method for hardware tool Active CN113909423B (en)

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